RU2473866C1 - Laser semiactive homing head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed head comprises gyro coordinator including multicomponent radiation receiver and control windings of magnetoelectric moment detector, multichannel amplifier, four adders, four comparators, pulse selector, add-subtract processing circuit, unit of power amplifiers, two fetching-storage devices, differentiator, two triggers, two AND circuits, signal box, and filter with appropriate communication lines between said components.

EFFECT: higher homing accuracy in conditions of interferences.

1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to laser semi-active homing heads (GOS) used to generate control signals for artillery guided missiles and missiles.

Known от 208217 from 07/10/2003, containing a gyrocoordinator, including a radiation receiver in the form of a multi-element photodetector (FPU) and a magneto-electric torque sensor control winding, serially connected amplifier block, adder, first comparator and selector, sum-difference circuit processing, a series-connected differentiating device, a second comparator and a sampling and storage device, a block of power amplifiers connected to outputs that are outputs homing heads, to the control windings of the magnetoelectric moment sensor, the outputs of the FPU elements are connected to the inputs of the amplifier block, the output of the sum-difference processing circuit is connected to the input of the power amplifier, the output of the selector is connected to the second input of the first comparator, the second input of the sampling and storage device is connected to the output of the amplifier block , the output of the sampling and storage device is connected to the input of the sum-difference processing circuit, the input of the differentiating device is connected to the output of the adder, and the second input is The horn comparator is connected to the output of the selector.

When a backlight pulse reflected from an object enters the GOS field of view, voltage pulses are generated at the outputs of the photodetector, proportional to the radiation energy that has arrived at each of the four sensitive areas of the FPU. The pulses from the output of the photodetector after amplification in the amplifier block are fed to the input of a four-channel device for sampling and storage and to the input of the adder, where they are summed in amplitude and fed to the input of the first comparator, forming a pulse normalized in amplitude to the input to the selector. When 3-5 pulses hit the input of the selector in a row at a preselected backlight frequency, a gating pulse is generated at the selector output, which allows the formation of signals by the first and second comparators, and therefore the formation of voltage-proportional input pulses at the output of the sample-storage device. The sum-difference processing circuit generates a mismatch signal that flows through power amplifiers to the control windings of the magnetoelectric moment sensor of the gyrocoordinator, which ensures that the scattering spot is kept from the target in the center of the FPU.

The disadvantage of the described GOS is its lack of accuracy in the formation of the control signal when artificial interference is set up, since any optical signal exceeding the threshold level in the gated interval introduces distortions into the projectile control command and, therefore, can lead to an increase in miss.

The objective of the invention is to increase the accuracy of measuring the angular velocity of the line of sight of the target and the control signals of the missile or projectile generated from it under interference. This task is achieved by the fact that in the laser semi-active homing head containing a gyrocoordinator, including a multi-element radiation receiver and control windings of a magnetoelectric moment sensor, a multi-channel amplifier, a first adder, a first comparator, a pulse selector and a second comparator, a sum-difference processing circuit and a unit connected in series power amplifiers, as well as the first sampling-storage device and a differentiating device, and the outputs The elements of the radiation receiver are connected to the inputs of a multi-channel amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the first sampling-storage device, the first and second outputs of the power amplifier block, which are the outputs of the homing head, are connected to the inputs of the control windings of the magnetoelectric torque sensor of the same name, and the output of the selector is connected to the second input the first comparator, the input of the differentiating device is connected to the output of the first adder, and the output is connected to the second input of the second comparator, the third inputs are not the first and second comparators are used to supply the reference voltage, in addition, the first trigger, the first AND circuit, the second sampling-storage device, the second adder, the third comparator, the second trigger, the signal switch, the third adder, the filter and the fourth comparator, as well as the second circuit And and the fourth adder, the first input of the second circuit And is connected to the second output of the first trigger, the second inputs of the first and second circuits And and the first trigger are connected to the output of the second comparator, the output of the second circuit s And is connected to the second input of the first sample-storage device, the output of which is connected to the input of the fourth adder and the second input of the signal switch, the first input of the first trigger is connected to the output of the selector, the first output of the filter is connected to the first input of the third comparator, the second output of the filter is connected to the second the inputs of the third and fourth comparators, the second input of the second trigger is connected to the output of the fourth comparator, the second input of the second sample-storage device is connected to the first input of the first device ki-storage signal output of the switch connected to the input summoraznostnoy processing circuit, and its third input - with the output of the second sample-and-hold device, the fourth adder output is connected to a third input of the fourth comparator.

The invention is illustrated in graphic material. In FIG. the structural diagram is shown, where:

1 - multi-element, for example, a quadrant photodetector (FPU);

2 - a multi-channel amplifier, for example, a four-channel amplifier (BU);

3, 13, 18, 20 - adders (CM1, CM4, CM2, CM3);

4, 7, 14, 19 — comparators (KMP1, KMP2, KMP4, KMP3);

5 - selector (SEL);

6 - differentiating device (DIFF);

8, 22 - triggers (T1, T2);

9, 10 - circuit I (I2, I1);

11, 12 - sampling-storage devices (UVX1, UVX2);

15 - filter (F);

16 is a diagram of sum-difference processing (SRO);

17 - signal switch (CS);

21 - block power amplifiers (PA);

23 - control windings of the magnetoelectric moment sensor (OA).

The homing head works as follows. When the backlight pulses reflected from the target hit the field of view of the GOS, at the outputs of the multi-element photodetector 1, voltage pulses are formed proportional to the radiation energy incident on each sensitive element. The pulses from the output of the photodetector 1 after amplification in the amplifier unit 2 are fed to the input of the adder 3, where they are summed in amplitude and fed to the input of the first comparator 4, which generates an amplitude-normalized pulse arriving at the input of the selector 5. To ensure noise immunity of the seeker the period of the backlight pulses is pre-assigned and maintained with high accuracy. Upon receipt of the first backlight pulse, the selector 5 begins to generate a sequence of strobe pulses with a predetermined repetition period equal to the repetition period of the backlight pulses. These pulses gate the first comparator 4, allowing only pulses with a repetition period equal to the period of the backlight pulses to enter the input of the selector 5. When 3-5 such pulses hit the input of the selector in a row, it switches to the tracking mode, at the output of the selector 5 gating pulses are formed, allowing further signal formation by the first 4 and second 7 comparators. To implement the process of tracking the target, a GOS control signal is generated proportional to the angle of mismatch between the axis of the optical system and the direction to the target. To do this, the pulses from the output of the amplifier unit 2 are fed to the inputs of the sampling-storage devices (UVC) 11, 12, carrying out the storage of their amplitude. For the correct operation of the IWC, it is necessary that the decay of the control pulse, which transfers it to the storage mode, coincide with the top of the input pulse, which is achieved by switching between the first adder 3 and the second comparator 7 of the differentiating block 6. At the same time, the output of the second comparator 7 during the gating interval is formed sampling pulse, the front of which coincides with the beginning of the front of the input pulse and the decline coinciding with the peak of the pulse. In the absence of interference in the field of view of the GOS, the amplitudes of the pulses are stored only by the first UVX 11. Trigger 22 due to the lack of conditions for the appearance of logical 1 at the installation input 1 is in the initial state, allowing the signal to pass from the output of the first UVX 11 through the signal switch 17 to the input the sum-difference processing circuit 16, forming the output signals according to the ratios:

X = (a + b-c-d) / (a + b + c + d);

Y = (a-b-c + d) / (a + b + c + d),

where X, Y is the signal proportional to the displacement of the radiation spot relative to the center of the FPU along the corresponding coordinate axis,

a, b, c, d - voltage levels from the corresponding output of the FPU.

These signals are fed through a power amplifier 21 to the corresponding control windings of the coordinator 23, effecting the gyro rotor precession in the direction of decreasing the angle of mismatch between the axis of the optical system and the direction to the target. The signals at the outputs of the power amplifier 21, which are the outputs of the GOS, are used to control a rocket or projectile.

The signal from the output of the first UVC 11 through the fourth adder 13 also enters the input of the fourth comparator 14, which, like the third comparator 19, is a two-threshold - a logical unit is formed at its output if the voltage level coming from the fourth adder 13 is in the interval between the lower and upper values of the threshold voltages generated at the inputs 1 and 2. The threshold voltages are generated by the filter 15 according to the relations:

Upo1 = Uf [1-K (t)];

Upop2 = Up [1 + K (t)],

where Uпор1, Uпор2 - lower and upper value of the threshold voltage,

Uf - the filtered value of the input signal level, determined by its previous values,

K (t) is the coefficient determined by the permissible change in the value of the input signal due to changes in the range to the target and fluctuations in the input signal, which is a function of the homing time. In this case, the value of K (t) at a considerable distance from the target is determined by the fluctuation of the input signal due to changes in the transmission of the spectral filter at different viewing angles of the target and changes in the transmission of the atmosphere.

The presence of a logical unit at the output of the fourth comparator 14 indicates that the first received input pulse corresponds in energy to the previous pulses, i.e. is helpful. In the absence of interference, i.e. of the second pulse in the strobe, this pulse confirms the initial state of trigger 22. When an interfering optical signal appears in the field of view of the GOS, two pulses appear in the interval gated by selector 5. The amplitude of the first of them is remembered by the first UVX 11. Upon the decay of the pulse from the output of the second comparator 7, the trigger 8 is set to state “1”, connecting the second comparator 7 to the control input 1 of the second UVX 12. When a second pulse appears in the gated interval, the second UVX 12 stores its amplitude. The memorized voltages of both UVH 11, 12 through the fourth and second adders 13, 18 are supplied to the inputs of the two-threshold comparators 14 and 19, respectively. When a logical 1 appears at the output of the third comparator 19, which means that the second pulse is useful, the trigger 22 is set to logical 1, connecting the output of the second UVX 12 to the input of the sum-difference processing circuit 16 through the signal switch 17. Otherwise, to the sum-difference processing input 16 the output of the first UVX 11 is connected. The selected signal determines the angle of mismatch between the axis of the optical system and the direction to the target, and through the third adder 20 it enters the input of the filter 15 for subsequent averaging.

Interference can lead to a change in tracking accuracy if it acts during the formation of the gating interval. In this case, a second (interfering) impulse appears in the strobe. To select a useful (own) impulse from an interfering (alien) pulse, a control of the energy of the current pulses with respect to their own received at the initial stage of illumination, when the interference can not yet be set due to the uncertainty of the illumination characteristics, is introduced into the semi-active GOS circuit. In this case, pulses of both natural interference and artificially delivered impulses fall into the discharge category, since it is technically impossible to reproduce a false illumination pulse, which creates an irradiation of the entrance pupil equal to the irradiation from its pulse, due to the lack of data on the values of reflection coefficients and attenuation of radiation by the atmosphere.

GOS is made using standard microcircuits. The digital part is based on 533 series microcircuits. The initial state of the triggers is provided, for example, by a reset pulse generated by the positive power front of the digital microcircuits. To implement input amplifiers and sampling-storage devices, microchips of the 1486 series are used, the first and second comparators of the 521CA1 series. Two-threshold comparators the third and fourth - type 521CA2. The inclusion circuit in the book by Alekseenko et al. The use of precision analog microcircuits. - M .: Radio and communication, 1985, p. 160, 161. The remaining analog blocks are made on general-purpose operational amplifiers 140UD6, 544UD2, a photodetector - type FUL-113.

Claims (1)

A semi-active laser homing head containing a gyrocoordinator, including a multi-element radiation receiver and control windings of a magnetoelectric moment sensor, a series-connected multi-channel amplifier, a first adder, a first comparator, a pulse selector and a second comparator, serially connected sum-difference processing circuit and a block of power amplifiers, as well as a first sample-storage device and a differentiating device, the outputs of the sensitive elements of the radiation receiver connected to the inputs of a multi-channel amplifier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first sampling-storage device, the first and second outputs of the power amplifier unit, which are the outputs of the homing head, are connected to the inputs of the control windings of the magnetoelectric torque sensor of the same name, the output of the selector is connected to the second input of the first comparator, the input of the differentiating device is connected to the output of the first adder, and the output to the second input of the second comparator, the third inputs of the first and second comparators are a clamp for supplying a reference voltage, characterized in that it is additionally introduced in series with a first trigger, a first AND circuit, a second retrieval-storage device, a second adder, a third comparator, a second trigger, a signal switch, a third adder, a filter and a fourth comparator, and also the second circuit And and the fourth adder, with the first input of the second circuit And connected to the second output of the first trigger, the second inputs of the first and second circuits And and the first trigger connected to the output of the second comparator, the output of the second circuit And is single with the second input of the first sample-storage device, the output of which is connected to the input of the fourth adder and the second input of the signal switch, the first input of the first trigger is connected to the output of the selector, the first output of the filter is connected to the first input of the third comparator, the second output of the filter is connected to the second inputs of the third and the fourth comparators, the second input of the second trigger is connected to the output of the fourth comparator, the second input of the second sampling-storage device is connected to the first input of the first sampling-xp neniya, the signal output of the switch circuit connected to the input sum-difference processing, and its third input - with the output of the second sample-and-hold device, the fourth adder output is connected to a third input of the fourth comparator.