RU31744U1 - Complex for sorting and processing solid domestic and industrial waste - Google Patents

Description

g n S s 1 1 .1. 2

MKI: 8V09V 3/00

Complex for sorting and processing solid household and

industrial waste

The invention relates to the field of public utilities and can be widely used for sorting and processing solid household and industrial waste equivalent to them, container waste.

Known devices designed for the same purpose, for example, “Urban waste treatment plant, containing a crusher for crushing waste, a plant for pressing and solidifying waste, into which, after separation of valuable components from crushed waste, a mixture containing 70-30% of waste plastics and 30-70% of other organic waste, subjected to mixing and compression in the installation with heating to 120-130 ° С and subsequent extrusion through a perforated nozzle to obtain a finely divided intermediate product processing.

Japan Patent No. 2892639 B2. MKI: 6B09 VZ / 00. Publ. in the bull. No. 6 - 2000 ISM issue. 14.

The above-described device in connection with the use of thermal and chemical processing in it is quite expensive; it is also environmentally hazardous for the environment;

It is also known “A device for processing solid household waste, containing containers for collecting waste, garbage trucks moving collected waste to a sorting station, including a pre-sorting unit, consisting of a loading conveyor, a rotating drum screen, a main waste sorting unit for fractions equipped with a magnetic separator, unloading waste reloading line consisting of a storage hopper and a controllable drive unloading conveyor located above kopitelnym hopper and container for bulk items installed near the feed conveyor, along which are located places sorters with hatches to reset certain fractions corresponding to each workstation. At the same time, a screw with blades on which radially directed protrusions are mounted is additionally introduced into the drum screen made in the form of a perforated cylinder. In this case, the screw blades are arranged in a spiral and attached to the inner surface of the cylinder, the axis of rotation of which is placed horizontally.

RF patent No. 2155108. MKI: 7В00 &3/00; publ. 27.08.2000g. bull. Number 24.

The disadvantage of the above device is the use of expensive equipment, the appearance of a strong vibration and noise effect when using a drum screen, which adversely affects the health of staff, the quality of the BxopiwHoro fractions produced is reduced due to contamination with extraneous materials of biological origin and the appearance of crushed impurities of dissimilar materials such as glass, as well as a decrease in the quality of screening of small fractions due to overlapping perforations holes in plastic wrap and torn plastic bags. The closest in technical essence analogue to the proposed technical solution is the “Complex for sorting and processing solid household waste, which includes containers for collecting waste, garbage trucks moving collected waste to a sorting station, which includes two tiers, a pre-sorting unit, a primary sorting unit waste to fractions equipped with manual sorting posts and a device for SHCHU1eniya - steel metals, processing devices, as well as a loading line for fraction and unused waste, at the same time, the marshalling yard is equipped with a forklift with a pitchfork for pre-sorting large items and loading them into removable bunkers of dump trucks, as well as two plate conveyors having a receiver part buried in the floor and further bending the conveyor belt at an angle of 35 ° to the floor plane , while the plates of the conveyors are equipped with movable brackets grippers made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination

conveyor belt to its plane when the conveyor belt moves, one of these conveyors is designed on the first tier of the casing for feeding fractions of sorted secondary raw materials into a press, giving out bales of raw materials tied with wire, and the other for feeding waste to the second tier on a horizontal belt sorting conveyor with direct rollers, the latter being located above the floor, each manual sorting station is equipped with shaft-type gutters leading through the floor of the second tier to the first tier of the sorting station and used for dumping and soft fractions recycled, the upper portion of each trench is formed as a duct protruding above the floor, after manual sorting positions above the belt conveyor is located a permanent magnet separators for extracting ferrous metals and transporting them into the hydraulic baler. RF patent No. p. L L // Application No. 2000130971/13 (033 "9) IPC: 7В09В 3/00; 12/14/2000 The disadvantage of the above device is the lack of § the preliminary separation of small particles, organic matter, impurities, stones, sand, dust and small debris, the lack of a speed regulator for moving plate ice from the waste conveyor conveyor from the first to the second tier and the horizontal sorting conveyor belt. The noted shortcomings reduce the quality of the issued fractions of secondary raw materials due to their pollution by outsiders

materials of biological origin and small impurities of dissimilar materials (garbage), and also cause a decrease in the productivity of workers who recycle, due to a fixed conveyor speed, regardless of the qualitative and quantitative composition of municipal solid waste.

The technical result includes improving the quality and efficiency of the selection of fractions of secondary raw materials by moving waste dumped onto the floor to the horizontal part of the feed inclined conveyor using a loader equipped with a bulldozer blade, a vibration compartment for fine fractions, organic impurities, stones, sand, dust and other small debris at the stage of pre-sorting using a screening vibrating device, increasing productivity and quality by manually selecting secondary fractions with Darya by using .petyj i jpa moving speed conveyors, allowing the simultaneous control of the belt speed and the feed sorting conveyors depending on the quality and quantity of waste, improvement of working conditions by applying climate picture over posts sorting waste.

The achievement of the technical result is ensured by the fact that the complex for sorting and processing household and industrial waste contains containers for collecting waste, garbage trucks moving

waste collected, marshalling yard, including two tiers, forklifts. The complex is also equipped with a pre-sorting unit, an installation for the main sorting of waste into fractions equipped with manual sorting posts, while above the posts there is a climate gallery equipped with ventilation, air-conditioning air disinfection systems, as well as heating, lighting and other parameters that maintain the comfort of the working process . The complex contains a device for the extraction of ferrous metals, processing devices and a transfer line for the fraction of non-utilized waste. The sorting station is equipped with a forklift with forks for pre-sorting large items and transferring them to removable hoppers of dump trucks, as well as two plate conveyors having a receiving part buried in the floor and further bending the conveyor belt at an angle of 32-35 ° to the plane (Shadya, conveyor plates equipped with brackets-grippers made with the possibility of changing the angle of the conveyor belt to its plane during the movement of the conveyor belt.One of these conveyors is used on the first truncated complex to supply otsortirovanshmh) recycled in the press, in turn issuing bales of raw material, tied with wire and the other for feeding the waste to the second tier on the horizontal belt conveyor sortrfovochny

direct rollers, the latter being located above the floor. Each manual sorting station is equipped with shaft-type gutters leading through the floor of the second tier to the first tier of the sorting station and serving to dump fractions of soft secondary raw materials. The upper part of each gutter is made in the form of a box protruding above the floor. After manual sorting stations, a permanent magnet separator is located above the conveyor belt to extract ferrous metals and transport them to a hydraulic baling press.

The pre-sorting unit is also equipped with a vibrating device, which is installed after the feeding plate conveyor in front of the horizontal belt conveyor of the installation for the main sorting of waste into fractions. The vibration device is equipped with a housing having an upper inlet and a lower outlet, as well as a side outlet to the waste transfer hopper to the sorting conveyor.

A loading hopper is located above the upper inlet. A reloading hopper and an additional belt conveyor for removing small fractions are installed under the lower outlet. Three perforated plates arranged in series one above the other with horizontal displacement are horizontally installed inside the body of the vibrating device. The housing of the vibrating device is mounted on four vibration mounts with elastic elements creating

body vibrations in the vertical direction. In addition, the complex is equipped with a control panel with a speed controller for conveying and sorting belt conveyors. The complex is also provided with an input and output weight control system.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a complex for sorting and processing solid domestic and industrial waste. In Fig 2 is a diagram of a vibrating device.

Figure 1

1. Admission department of the sorting station

2. Forklift

3.E1 melting plate conveyor

4.Dumpers bunkers

5. Horizontal belt conveyor 5a. Part of the conveyor for sorting

56. Part of the conveyor for mechanical sorting 5 in. Shafts

6. Lamellar conveyor

7. Nress for soft recycled materials

8. Magnetic iron separator

9. Hydraulic press for metal Yu. Reloading inclined conveyor

12. Vibration device

13, loading hopper in front of the vibrating device

M. Reloading hopper for small recyclable waste

15. Belt conveyor for removal of small non-utilizable

waste from the vibrating device 16. The control unit with a speed controller

conveyors

17. Weight control system 1 V. Climatic gallery

Figure 2

1.Case

2. Perforated plate

3.Vibration mount

4.Elastic element

5.inlet

6. outlet

7.Lateral exit to the transfer bunker to the sorting conveyor

The complex operates as follows: garbage trucks transport waste to a sorting station 1, where large items are selected that are loaded onto the floor

compartments, using a forklift 2 with a fork, and the rest of the waste is loaded using a forklift 2a with a bulldozer blade and a feeding plate conveyor 3, in turn, the loader 2 loads large-sized items into removable bunkers of 4 dump trucks. The feeding plate conveyor 3 has a receiving part buried in the floor and further bending the conveyor belt at an angle of 32-35 °, providing a height for lifting waste to the second tier, but preventing excess waste from being thrown back. The control unit of the complex with a speed controller 16 controls the frequency of conveyors. 3 and 5 The conveyor speed is from O to 0.25 m / s. Then the waste is reloaded through the hopper 13 to a vibrating device 12, which is three horizontally mounted

perforated plates 2 of FIG. 2 arranged horizontally with C | b | pSch1yyum along the length of the plate one after another in the housing 1 Mr.2 having an inlet in the upper part for loading waste 5 of FIG. 2 and an outlet in the lower part for removing screenings 6 of FIG. 2 The housing 1 is mounted on the vibration mounts 3 of FIG. 2, equipped with elastic elements 4 of figure 2, allowing the device to perform vertical vibrations perpendicular to the plane of the perforated plate, with a frequency of 10-15 Hertz. A bunker 14 and a conveyor belt 15 of FIG. 1, which transported screened waste outside the production room to a removable trailer (not shown)

for export to the landfill. The remaining mass of waste from the vibration device through the lateral outlet 7 of FIG. 2 enters the horizontal belt conveyor 5 for the main waste sorting. A conveyor 5 with a width of 1200 mm with straight rollers moves at a speed two times higher than the speed of the conveyors; its conveyor, supported by the speed controller of the control unit 16 from 0 to 0.5 m / s, and on both sides the conveyor is equipped with posts for manual selection of secondary raw materials.

The conveyor is located above the floor at a height convenient for manual sorting, namely 1000-1100 mm. Part of the conveyor 5a is intended for manual sorting, and 56 for mechanical sorting. Each workstation for manual sorting is equipped with shafts of shaft type 5b, passing through them; through the floor of the second tier and leading to the first tier of the complex, the upper part of these devices in the form of boxes protruding above the floor to a height that is 1020 cm lower than the conveyor belt. Manual selection recyclables from the conveyor belt are made in the closed climate gallery 18 of Fig. 1 with increased comfort conditions, air conditioning and ventilation, special refreshment; heating, etc. Workers take away; their recyclables are provided with waterproof clothing, mittens, respirators and equipped with hooks-grips. Recycling is carried out through grooves 5 into the floor of the first tier of the complex.

| /// J2, 11

First, waste paper, sateM textile, then polymeric materials, non-ferrous metals, cullet and glass containers are removed from the moved waste and, moreover, soft waste is dumped onto the floor, and the last solid waste is subsequently dumped into containers on wheels. Secondary soft raw materials are transported through the gutter shafts 5c using loaders equipped with a bulldozer blade to a plate conveyor 6 of the same type as conveyor 3, also located at an angle of 32-35 ° to the floor surface of the first tier, but without a speed controller ( without a frequency converter), and then successively separate fractions of soft secondary raw materials get Vress 7, issuing bundled bales of raw materials of the required weight up to 600 kg.

On the sorting conveyor 5, after the manual selection stations in part 56, ferrous metals are selected using a permanent separator 8 iron separator above the conveyor, which selects black scrap from waste, which is loaded into the hopper of a hydraulic baling press 9, where the metal is pressed into bags weighing up to 80 kg The remaining non-utilizable waste is shipped using an overload inclined conveyor 10 to unloaded garbage bins or a truck and sent to the waste disposal site. The ooarity of this conveyor is 1.2 m / s.

(to2

12

For transportation of finished bales of waste paper, textiles, polymeric materials, forklifts are used. Containers with cullet and glass containers are taken out by a loader to the front desk. Empty transport after unloading waste, as well as transport transporting unused waste for burial and secondary raw materials for recycling, are weighed on a truck scale with an input and output weight control system 17.

The proposed device of the complex for sorting provides high efficiency of sorting and processing waste by extracting non-contaminated sfia fractions by sorting, reducing part of unused waste, provides input and output weight control, is economical and has high operational reliability and low environmental hazard, provides sanitary standards for workers.

Claims (1)

A complex for sorting and processing solid household and industrial waste, containing containers for collecting waste, garbage trucks moving collected waste, a sorting station with two tiers, forklifts, a pre-sorting unit, a main waste sorting unit for fractions equipped with manual sorting posts and a device for extraction of ferrous metals, processing devices, as well as a transfer line of the fraction of non-recyclable waste, while the marshalling station is equipped with an autograd with a forklift with a pitchfork for pre-sorting large items and loading them into removable hoppers of dump trucks, as well as with two plate conveyors having a receiving part buried in the floor and further bending the conveyor belt at an angle of 32 ° -35 ° to the floor plane, while the conveyor plates are equipped with movable brackets-grippers made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination of the conveyor belt to its plane when the conveyor belt moves, one of these conveyors is used on the first tier of the complex for giving fractions of sorted secondary raw materials to the press, which in turn produces bales of raw materials, tied with wire, and the other for feeding waste to the second tier to a horizontal belt sorting conveyor with straight rollers, the latter being located above the floor, each manual sorting station is equipped with shaft type gutters, leading through the floor of the second tier to the first tier of the marshalling yard, and serving to dump fractions of soft secondary raw materials, the upper part of each gutter made in the form of a box protruding above the floor, Moreover, after manual sorting posts, a permanent magnet separator is located above the conveyor belt to extract ferrous metals and transport them to a hydraulic baling press, characterized in that the preliminary sorting unit is equipped with a vibrating device installed after the feeding plate conveyor in front of the horizontal horizontal conveyor of the main waste sorting plant into fractions, while the vibrating device is equipped with a housing with an upper input and lower output with holes, under the last one an additional conveyor belt is installed for removal of small fractions, three perforated plates horizontally arranged one above the other with horizontal displacement horizontally installed inside the case of the vibrating device, and the case is mounted on four vibration mounts with elastic elements creating vibrations of the case in the vertical direction, except In addition, the complex is equipped with a control panel, including a speed controller for the movement of the feed and sorting conveyors, and the installation of the main implicit sort waste into fractions, provided with posts manual sorting ensured climate gallery equipped with ventilation systems, air conditioning and disinfection, as well as heating controllers, lighting or other parameters to maintain a comfortable environment workflow, the complex has a system input and output weight control.