RU31559U1 - Rescue pressure chamber - Google Patents

Description

submariners using modern therapeutic recompression modes, that is, using a gas such as helium as the main component to create a gas pressure in the pressure chamber;

2) The design of the cartridges of the units for cleaning the gas medium from carbon dioxide and harmful substances does not allow them to be repeatedly transmitted through the small gateway to the pressure chamber for replacing the spent populated gel substance in them and the subsequent return of the cartridges to the pressure chamber for installation in a regular place - to the cleaning unit. These operations should be done every 24 hours, provided that there is one unit per person and more often with fewer units than one unit per person.

The design of the cleaning units in the prototype allows them to work only for a day, since during the specified time replacement of their cartridges with new ones was not planned. The indicated design of the cleaning units will not ensure a long stay of people under high pressure (up to 5 days) in a rescue pressure chamber;

3) The absence of a second compartment or prechamber in the pressure chamber does not enter the pressure chamber inside the pressure chamber, without changing the pressure in it, the attending physician (necessary tfi), and also create the necessary sanitary and hygienic conditions in the pressure chamber for people to stay in the closed room;

4) In the pressure chamber case there are no special tight connectors with a large number of conductive elements, which will not allow to place diagnostic ashtra in the pressure chamber, in order to ensure the safety of the treatment of sick 1FI rescue submariners.

5) The design of the pressure chamber and the composition of life support systems will not fail at the same time to ensure the rescue of a large number of submariners (10 or more).

The objective of the utility model is to remedy these shortcomings.

The proposed design of the rescue pressure chamber includes a CHOTeNry gas supply, containing 0 connected to the air or oxygen source by piping with valves, a system for extracting gas medium from the pressure chamber, and a pipe-duct for collecting gas from the pressure chamber, connected with a carbon analyzer for determining carbon dioxide content, due to of the fact that the pressure chamber corse is structurally divided into two equal-compartment and sealed dfugs from the other premises - the compartment compartment and the antechamber, the first room is equipped with equipment for life Nost people up to 5 days, and the second - sanitary-hygienic facilities.

Life support equipment includes:

- aggregates for the purification of the gaseous medium from carbon dioxide and harmful substances, emitted | 1x as a result of human activity. The number of units selected from the calculation of one unit for 2-3 people;

- gas analyzer for monitoring the content of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the gas medium with a pipeline for supplying the analyzed gas medium from the pressure chamber to the gas analyzer;

- a pipe with fittings for a metered supply of oxygen into the pressure chamber to ensure breathing in a closed volume of people;

-means of communication with the person serving the pressure chamber;

- devices for emergency individual breathing, which are necessary in the event of the termination of power supply to the pressure chamber and the impossibility of working with electro-fans of cleaning units.

Sashgar-hygienic equipment includes:

-Capacity water for personal hygiene with economical use of water;

-Capacity for collecting wastewater;

- rokhipa;

-compact "bio-toilet.

 the pressure chamber is equipped with unified access hatches with docking devices, which allows you to connect this rescue pressure chamber with similar pressure chambers in order to increase the ability to save submariners. At. the connection of two or more pressure chambers among themselves the possibility of the number of quenched submariners increases by one order of magnitude or more.

The drawing (Fig. 1) schematically shows a rescue pressure chamber.

The rescue pressure chamber I contains an oxygen supply pipe 2 connected to an oxygen supply cylinder 3 and a dosed oxygen supply cylinder 4. The dosing cylinder is selected with an I l capacity based on ensuring breathing of 10 people for up to 1 hour and ensuring fire safety, that is, with the aim of increasing the content of ash after each supply to the pressure chamber, no more than 2.2% by volume.

The pipeline 2 has a three-way valve 5 and a rotameter 6.

The pressure increase in the pressure chamber can be carried out both by supplying compressed air through the pipeline 7, and by feeding helium through the pipeline 8, both pipelines have shut-off valves 9.

carbon and harmful substances. The units consist of an electric fan 10. installed by two gas-permeable cartridges 11 and 12, one of them is filled with a substance that absorbs carbon dioxide, and drutya. a substance that absorbs harmful substances. The units have a universal design that allows installing cassettes on them from harmful substances of various types, as well as making MHoroiqpaTHjro replacements in the cassette of a carbon dioxide absorber. The number of units in the calculation selected 4 PGG.

In the compartment of the pressure chamber there are devices for emergency individual breathing 13, at the rate of one device per person. the devices provide cleaning of the gaseous medium in the event that the pressure chamber is provided with electric power and the inability to work in this case of electrowingers of the cleaning units.

To take a sample of the gas medium from the pressure chamber, a pipe duct 14, with a shut-off

clathan 15 and gas analyzer 16 control the content of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

To accommodate medical diatnogic equipment inside the pressure chamber compartment, pressurized connectors 17 with coaxial (shielded) current-carrying elements are installed in the pressure chamber housing.

In the body of the pressure chamber from both its ends there are two unified, access hatches 18 with docking devices, which allow you to connect your rescue pressure chamber with analogous pressure chambers, thereby increasing the number of rescued submariners simultaneously placed in them.

To reduce the pressure in the pressure chamber by means of a vigbros of the gaseous medium into the atmosphere, a pipeline 19c is provided with shut-off valves 20.

The pre-chamber is equipped with sanitary-hygienic equipment consisting of:

- capacity 211 of water for personal hygiene with the facet of economical use of water122;

sink 23;

-Capacity for collecting waste water 24;

-compact "bio-toilet 25.

In the bulkhead dividing the pressure chamber into the compartment and the chamber, a transitional

sunroof with door 26.

The utility of the utility model is shown below.

People are placed inside the compartment of the chamber q) 1, after which, with the help of the specially provided air (gas) supply system, excess pressure is created inside the pressure chamber, which is necessary for the monitoring of therapeutic measures in conditions of high gas pressure.

the environment in the pressure chamber is the step of creating its homogeneity, at the same time, the fans pump gas through cassettes from carbon dioxide and harmful substances, thereby cleaning the gas medium from these substances.

The monitoring of the carbon dioxide content is carried out with the help of a gas analyzer 16, to which a sample of the lazy medium is supplied via pipeline 14, the flow rate of this feed is regulated by a valve 15 mounted on the specified pipe duct.

When harmful substances are reached, the maximum permissible concentration is 1x, the carbon dioxide absorber in the cassettes is changed, shtkm. removal of cartridges and filling them with new absorb. This operation is performed outside the pressure chamber. Replacement of cartridges from harmful substances is performed by installation of new cartridges in their place.

Considering that while they are in the rock chamber, they absorb oxygen, so it is replenished in a gaseous medium by periodically supplying (1 hour every hour) the necessary dose of oxygen using a system of gas supply.

Oxygen from cylinder 3, where it is initially supplied to small-capacity dosing cylinder 4 (no more than 1 l), after which oxygen from this balloon is piped to the pressure chamber compartment through a three-way valve 5 and rotameter 6.

The system design provides for the supply of oxygen in only one of two alphabets:

- from a cylinder 3, where oxygen is stored in a metered supply cylinder 4;

-from a cylinder of delivered feed 4 to the pressure chamber compartment.

The aforesaid is achieved by the special design of the three-way valve and is necessary in order to increase the fire safety conditions in the pressure chamber. The calculation confirmed that the maximum oxygen content in the gas chamber of the pressure chamber cannot exceed 22.5%. The required dose value is retouched manually using a rotameter 6. Monitoring the oxygen content in the gas chamber is also carried out using a gas analyzer 16.

In order to increase the safety of treating patients with the rescue of submariners, a medical diagnostic equipment is placed in the pressure chambers, which is connected to the outdoor unit using special, sealed connectors with coaxial (ducted) current-conducting elements 17.

a flush tap for economical use of water 22, as well as a wash basin (wash basin) 23. To collect waste water, a drain tank 24 is installed under the sink.

The compact “bio-toilet 25” is also installed in the antechamber. As water is consumed from the tank 21 by one strap, filling of the gravel tank 24 takes place, since they have a single-tank capacity of 20 liters. The “bio-toilet 25” filler has the same capacity. As the tanks are completely filled, they are transferred outside the pressure chamber after the pressure in the prechamber decreases to atmospheric, the compartment at this time is hermetically sealed by door 26 in the bulkhead chamber for co qpanennR in the gas pressure compartment, which is necessary to provide decompression mode. The transfer of the indicated containers into the pressure chamber is carried out by placing them in the chamber 1phi atmospheric pressure, after that the prechamber is sealed with the access door hatch 18 and the pressure in the prechamber is increased until it is completely aligned with

In order to be able to repeatedly increase and decrease the pressure in the preamer, without changing the pressure in the compartment, a transitional people with a door 26 is installed between them on the bulkhead, which is sealed on the side of the compartment.

After equalizing the pressure between the compartment and the camera, the box 26 is opffected and the sanitary equipment is again ready for use.

Claims (7)

1. Rescue pressure chamber, including a gas medium supply system containing pipelines with valves connected to an air or oxygen source, a gas medium exhaust system from a pressure chamber and a gas medium extraction pipeline from a pressure chamber, connected to a gas analyzer for determining carbon dioxide content, pressure chamber cleaning units contain breathable cartridges with substances that absorb carbon dioxide and harmful substances and an electric fan installed between them, characterized in that constructively with the pressure chamber is divided into two equal strength and sealed from each other space - housing compartment and the antechamber, the first room is equipped with facilities for the life of the people up to 5 days, and the second - sanitary equipment. 2. The pressure chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that in the body of the pressure chamber, from both its ends, two unified entrance hatches are installed, having a design that ensures the connection of several pressure chambers with each other. 3. The pressure chamber according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the pressure chamber has sealed connectors with a large number of conductive elements. 4. The pressure chamber according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas analyzer sensor for determining the oxygen content in the pressure chamber of the pressure chamber is not located inside the pressure chamber, but in the gas analyzer installed on the control panel outside the pressure chamber. 5. The pressure chamber according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gas purification units perform two functions of cleaning carbon dioxide and harmful substances in a single design, which allows the installation of cartridges of various types that can be repeatedly transmitted inside the pressure chamber through a small gateway without changes in her pressure. 6. The pressure chamber according to claims 1-5, characterized in that special-purpose valves are installed on the pipelines of the gas supply system to provide the possibility of supplying both air and helium to the pressure chamber. 7. The pressure chamber according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is equipped with a metered oxygen supply system to the living compartment.