RU2966U1 - WASTE VEHICLE TOILET SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

WASTE VEHICLE TOILET SYSTEM

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The utility model relates to the sanitary equipment of vehicles, for example, jay @ 8 rail cars, as well as mobile or stationary public toilets in settlements without capital piping for water supply and sanitation, and relates to devices for flushing excrement in toilets and collecting faecal waste in storage tanks.

BACKGROUND

A known design of the toilet drainage system used on railway cars (E-WAC vacuum drainage system for the train. Concern A / O Värtsilä, E-WAC Hämeentie 135 D P-00560, Helsinki, Finland). This system provides an environmentally friendly toilet. The system contains: a toilet with a vacuum pipe connected to it through an exhaust valve; flush water dispenser with check valves at the inlet and outlet, which, due to the pressure created by it on the water coming into it from the water tank of the car, provides an enhanced flush of the toilet with low water consumption; storage tank for fecal effluent with a lock chamber; an injector creating a vacuum due to a source of compressed air to suck the faeces from the toilet; electronic control unit for electromagnetic valves, which provides a certain sequence and time delay of all operations of the sewage system.

The disadvantages of this system are significant energy costs for its operation. Obtaining a vacuum by ejection of compressed air requires a large consumption of the latter.

Another disadvantage of the E-HAC system is that the system cannot function without compressed air. If it is absent, it is impossible to flush the toilet, nor to transport the drain to the tank, that is, you cannot use the toilet.

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V61D 35/00

maintenance personnel in operation and repair.

A known design of a sewage toilet system of a railway carriage containing a toilet having a flush device located at its upper part, connected via a flush valve to a water tank of the car, a pedal-lever mechanism for actuating the flush valve (Lapshin F.A., Grobov V.I. The device and repair of wagons Tranzheldorizdat. M. 1958, p. 39E, Fig. 1.11, 4.12 - prototype).

The specified toilet system has several advantages:

-does not require significant energy consumption for the drive;

-characterized by a simple control system in the form of a foot pedal.

The disadvantages of this system include a significant flow of flushing water (2 gZ liter per flush) and the fact that it does not meet modern environmental and sanitary requirements, since the system operates in the mode of dumping fecal runoff onto the railway line.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present utility model is based on the task of creating a sewage system for a vehicle’s toilet, the design of which would ensure operation in an environmentally friendly mode with a low water consumption for flushing, would have a simple control system, and would be able to provide flushing and transportation of fecal effluent without electricity in standby mode and compressed.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that a prototype toilet having a toilet with a flush device, a water tank, a flush valve, a lever mechanism for flushing the pan, the flushing device is connected to the tank by a pipe through the flush valve, an additional faecal storage tank is introduced, a dispenser, a conveying device, a source of compressed air, and the tank accumulator is connected to the toilet by a conveying device made in the form of a pipe and a pump with an air cavity built into it for pneumatic intake An ode to the forward stroke of the rod and a return spring to the return stroke, and the dispenser is integrated into the pipe connecting the flushing kiaapan to the water tank and is made with an air cavity for pneumatic drive, and the air cavities of the pump and the dispenser are connected by pipes to the compressed air source and to the atmosphere through a distribution device, kinematically associated with the linkage of the system.

The reinforced flush dispenser is integrated between the water tank and the flush valve and is made with one check valve at the inlet. The switchgear can be made in the form of a two-position three-way valve connected with a lever-pedal mechanism, subject to the condition that, when the pedal is pressed, the krau connects the air cavities of the dispenser and pump to a source of compressed air, and when the pedal is released, to the atmosphere. In addition, a manual pump drive was introduced into the system.

The introduction of these differences will allow you to create a sewage system of the vehicle’s toilet with intensive flushing of the toilet bowl at a low water consumption due to the introduction of a dscheator, with simple control (by pressing the lever mechanism pedal). The design will allow in standby mode to flush and transport fecal runoff without electricity and compressed air using a manual pump drive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1,2.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of the proposed sewage toilet system of an asphalted vehicle.

In FIG. E - depicts the position of the three-way tap for automatically actuating the pump and the batcher of the reinforced toilet flush.

In FIG. 1-g2 are indicated:

1- toilet

2- flushing device

3- flush valve

4- water tank

5- toilet water shutter (hinged cup)

6- cup axis 5

7- lever (pedal) to control the water shutter 5, flush valve 3,

switchgear (three-way valve) 23

8- flush valve flange

9- Counterweight

10- tank - drive

11- pump

12- pump stem

6-.

17- Return spring

18- enhanced flush dispenser

19 - flexible diaphragm of the dispenser ЕО - check valve of the dispenser 1 - stop of the diaphragm of the dispenser

22 - source of compressed air (compressor with receiver) 32 - switchgear (three-way valve).

BEST PERFORMANCE OPTION

The toilet drainage system includes (see Fig. 1) a toilet 1, in the upper part of which there is a flushing device in the form of an annular tube 2, which is connected through a flush valve; 3 to the water tank 4 of the carriage. The toilet bowl is equipped with a hinged cup 5 of a water lock with a yovorot axis b mounted in the toilet bowl. The rotation of this axis is carried out by the pedal 7 of the lever mechanism of the toilet. Conv.ts pedal 7 is in contact with the stem 8 of the flush valve 3. On the axis b rigidly. a counterweight 9 is fixed, returning the b axis and related devices from the deviated position to the initial static position. In accordance with the proposed technical solution, a storage tank 10 is connected to the toilet, into which a pump 11 is mounted, having a rod 12 spring-loaded relative to the housing (spring 17 for the convenience of the arrangement of the bottom of the piston), and also check valves: inlet - 13 and outlet - 14. The pump is equipped with a manual drive consisting of a handle 15, which through the hole in the pump cover and seal 16 interacts with the pump rod 12.

Between the water tank 4 and the flush valve 3, a reinforced flush dispenser 18 is integrated in the system, comprising a flexible diaphragm 19 integrated in the housing separating the air cavity and the water cavity. A check valve 20 is installed at the inlet of jTpygbi from the tank 4. A stop 21 for the diaphragm is mounted in the water cavity, which restricts its movement under the action of compressed air, thereby determining the dose of the displaced flush water. The air cavities of the pump 11 and the dispenser 18 are connected by pipes to a source of compressed air 22 (for example, a compressor with a receiver) through a switchgear 23, made in this case in the form of a two-position three-way valve, the rotating part of which is connected with the axis b, which ensures switching of Iran, | 1, the expense of pressing the pedal 7 of the lever mechanism of the system.

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The air cavities of the dispenser and pump communicate with the atmosphere. The right cavity of the dispenser is filled with water. After a bowel movement, the visitor of the toilet presses the lever 7, which, turning the axis 6 clockwise, simultaneously raises the counterweight 9, tilts the cup 5 of the water lock, acting on the stem 8, opens the flush valve 3, switches the tap EZ, which opens the compressed air from the source 2 (see FIG. 2) into the air cavities of the dispenser 18 and pump 11. The pressure of the compressed air in the dispenser through the diaphragm 19 is transferred to the water in the dispenser, which, when the check valve 20 closes due to the indicated pressure, prevents it from dy water in the tank 4) goes through the open valve 3, an annular flushing tube 2. There is an intensive wash faeces from the toilet bowl through the receiving cup 5 o.tkischzruyu water seal in the toilet pedestal. Intensive flushing will occur until the displacements of the diaphragm 19 stop with an emphasis 21, which is set to the required volume of the flush water dose.

At the same time as the dispenser and the flushing device are activated, the pump 11 is turned on. Under the action of compressed air, the rod 12 is mixed downward and, when the inlet valve 13 closes and the outlet valve 14 opens, squeezes the fecal mass in the pump into the pipe leading to the tank store 10.

When you release the lever 7, the lever mechanism under the action of the counterweight 9 returns to its original position by rotating the axis 6 counterclockwise. At the same time, the flush valve 3, the cup 5 of the water shutter, the valve 23 are opened, turning away to the initial position, disconnects the air cavities of the dispenser and pump from the source 22 of compressed air and communicates them with the atmosphere. As a result of this, the pump rod rises under the action of the return spring, creating a vacuum under the rod, the check valve 14 closes, and the valve 13 opens, ensuring that the fecal matter washed into the toilet bowl is sucked into the pipe. The diaphragm 19 of the dispenser 18, freed from the pressure of the compressed air, begins to bend in the opposite direction under the influence of the pressure of the water coming into it from the pulp 4. The check valve 20 at the water inlet to the dispenser does not prevent the dispenser from being replenished with water. This completes the cycle of the otochem system in automatic mode using compressed air ends, repeating again when you next press and release the pedal.

The proposed system can operate in standby mode when the compressor does not provide the system with compressed air due to lack of electricity or due to breakdowns. This mode is intended mainly for the conductors of the car when it is in a sludge.

 in this case, after defecation, the toilet user presses, as usual, the pedal 7. It opens the flush valve 3, flips the cup 5 of the water shutter; feces are washed off. The dispenser 18 and the non-return valve 20 integrated therein do not impede the free flow of water from the tank 4 into the flushing device E. After the flushing, the pump crank 15 handles the pump to transport the fecal drain to the tank 10.

In the above-described embodiment, the waste water system of the toilet as a switchgear 23 uses a three-way valve. In this case, when the lever 7 is pressed, the fecal drain is flushed into the toilet bowl, and this drain from the toilet is sucked off in the next phase of the system operation - when the lever 7 is released.

A variant of the simultaneous implementation of these processes is possible, that is, when the lever 7 is pressed, the chip is flushed into the toilet bowl and is simultaneously sucked into the conveying pipe. Such an embodiment can be realized if a four-way valve is used as a switchgear, connecting it to the air cavities of the pump and the dispenser by separate pipes, and the kinematic connection of the crane with the lever is made from the condition that the dispenser communicates with the source of the compressed pump and the atmosphere with the lever pressed 7, and with the lever released - on the contrary: the dispenser - with the atmosphere, the pump - with a source of compressed air.

In both cases, in comparison with the prototype, the proposed toilet waste system provides a lower water consumption by introducing into the design of a dispenser that supplies water to the flush under pressure. If in the prototype 1-g2 liters of water is spent per flush, then in the system according to the utility model 0.3-fO, 4 liters per flush. The system provides an environmentally friendly mode of operation of the toilet. Compared with the vacuum wastewater system of the E-VAK type, the proposed wastewater system consumes less energy (compressed air, the E-VAK system consumes 60 liters per flush, and the proposed system - 4 liters). This is explained by the fact that in the E-VAK system, the energy of compressed air is used in a transformed form (in the form of a vacuum created by an ejector), and in the proposed system, compressed air is used directly as a working medium for the pump and dispenser. In addition, the system using the “8th utility model” does not have a complex electronic control system. This function is performed by a simple lever. The system can in standby mode provide flushing and transportation of fecal runoff without compressed air with a manual drive.

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INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

Industrial applicability is characterized by the development of working drawings of an environmentally friendly toilet for passenger cars in which the proposed system is used. Prototypes of toilets are currently manufactured and tested. Serial development of a useful Madeleine is being prepared.

In addition, on the basis of this utility model, a working design of a mobile public toilet is being carried out for use in urban conditions without bringing underground sewage pipes to it.

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Claims (5)

1. A sewage system of a vehicle’s toilet, comprising a water tank, a toilet bowl with a flushing device, a flushing valve, a lever mechanism for operating the flushing valve, the flushing device being connected to the tank by a flush valve, characterized in that a faecal storage tank is additionally introduced therein, a dispenser, a conveying device, a source of compressed air, wherein the storage tank is connected to the toilet by a conveying device made in the form of a pipe, and a pump with an air cavity built into it for pneumatic drive a direct stroke of the rod and a return spring, and the dispenser is integrated into the pipe connecting the flush valve to the water tank and is made with an air cavity for pneumatic drive, and the air cavities of the pump and the dispenser are connected by pipes to the compressed air source and to the atmosphere through a distribution device, kinematically associated with the linkage of the system.  2. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispenser comprises a housing with a flexible diaphragm located inside it, on one side of which an air cavity is made in the housing, on the other a water chamber connected by one pipe to the water tank, and the other with a flush valve, and at the inlet of the pipe from the tank mounted inlet check valve.  3. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the switchgear is connected to the air cavities of the dispenser and pump by one common pipeline and is made in the form of a two-position three-way valve, and its kinematic connection with the lever mechanism is made with the possibility of communicating the common pipeline with a source of compressed air when the pedal of the lever mechanism is depressed, and with the atmosphere, when released.  4. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution device is connected to each of the air cavities of the dispenser and pump by separate pipes and is made in the form of a two-position four-way valve, and its kinematic connection with the lever mechanism is configured to communicate with the source of compressed air , pump - with the atmosphere when the lever pedal is depressed, and with the pedal released: the dispenser - with the atmosphere, the pump - with the source of compressed air.  5. The drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump is equipped with a backup manual drive, made in the form of a handle in contact with a rod through a hole in the pump cover.