RU2274570C1 - Flushing-and-draining device for toilet (versions) and rubber gate for flushing-and-draining device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport; hygiene equipment of car.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hygiene equipment of ecologically clean toilets and it can be used in cars with water and power supply. Proposed flushing-and-draining device for toilet, according to three design versions, contains water-closet bowl, casing, outlet pipe, flushing device, diaphragm meter, check valve, service water tank, microprocessor, electrically controlled valves, flush button, diaphragm meter and cylinder, rubber discharge gate, liquid pump and suction and delivery pipelines. According to first and second design versions, devices are furnished with additional rubber discharge gate, water-closet bowl is made hinged, pump is connected to opposite liquid chambers of diaphragm cylinder and meter, and delivery pipeline is connected through electrically controlled valve to hydropneumatic chamber. In device according to second design version, hydropneumatic chamber is connected additionally through bypass pipeline and discharge electrically controlled valve to suction pipeline. In device according to third design version, water-closet bowl and casing are provided with rigidly connected and fixed flanges with detachable joint and hinge screw fasteners arranged on fixed flange and sealed by rubber flange of additional discharge gate. Rubber gate is made in form of cylindrical hose terminating in rubber flange made integral with hose used as unified seal in all flange joints of outlet pipe, and its end part is formed into arc of laminated section bending at evacuation of cylindrical part of hose.

EFFECT: simplified design, reduced consumption of energy for flushing and transportation of faces to receiving tank.

7 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to sanitary equipment of environmentally friendly toilets and can be used in cars with water and electricity.

The well-known "Toilet system of the vehicle" (RF patent No. 37577, 61 D 35/00, claimed November 19, 2003) containing a toilet, the release of which is connected to the conveying pipe (6), a flush manifold (4) connected by a drain pipe: through the first non-return valve - with a diaphragm dispenser (2) and through the second non-return valve - with a supply tank (20), a storage tank (9), the inner tank of which is made of fiberglass with a reinforced electric heater (13). In the conveying pipeline (6) between the first and second exhaust check valves (7, 8), a membrane of the pneumatic power device (18) is installed, including a diaphragm cylinder, the cavities of which communicate with the pneumatic energy source (21) through the pneumatic distributor (17). A spring-loaded diaphragm of the dispenser (2), a receiving bowl (3), the lever of which is pivotally connected to the rod of the pneumatic cylinder (19), are driven from the pneumatic distributor.

The toilet system helps prevent freezing of garbage in the tank (9) and exhaust valve (8).

Its disadvantage: the complexity of the design, because requires a pneumatic energy source (21), a pressure reducer (15), a pressure sensor (16), pneumatic valves (17), a pneumatic power device (18) and a pneumatic cylinder (19).

For the prototype adopted "Sewerage system of the toilet of the vehicle" (RF patent No. 31549, B 61 D 35/00, claimed 13.02.2003), containing the toilet (1) with the release in its lower part, connected with the outlet pipe (2 ), a flushing device connected to the upper part of the toilet by a drain pipe through an electrically controlled valve (3), a diaphragm batcher (4) and a non-return valve (5) with a supply tank (6), a control unit (13) connected to the pump electric drive (10) , electrically controlled valve (3) and flush button (14), diaphragm doses horizontally located one above the other torus (4) and cylinder (12), the upper cavity of the dispenser is included in the drain pipe of the supply tank (6) through a check valve (5), the lower chamber (12.2) of the cylinder is connected to the discharge pipe (2) and to the receiving tank (15) by a discharge pipe (12.3), at the outlet of which an exhaust valve (17) is fixed, made in the form of a rubber sleeve, the end part of which is compressed into a plate-section arc twisting when evacuating, a liquid pump (10), suction (21) and forcing (20) pipelines .

The drive pump of the known system simultaneously performs the function of pumping a gaseous medium into a dispenser for flushing the feces with water and the function of evacuating the nozzle closed by the outlet valve included in the discharge pipe (2).

The disadvantages of the described prototype are as follows:

a) The complexity of the design, because it has separate chambers (8, 7), additional pipelines and valves;

b) Slow down with a lag in the discharge of water into the toilet due to the presence of air cavities in the discharge chamber (7), in the dispenser (4) and in the pipeline (20);

c) Slowing backlog of excrement from the outlet pipe (2) to the suction chamber (12.2), due to the presence of air cavities (12.4) in the block (12), in the pipelines (21, 12.1).

Evacuation of these cavities requires additional energy costs.

The objective of the proposal is to simplify the design, reduce energy consumption for flushing and transporting feces to the receiving tank.

The first variant of the toilet flushing-and-flushing device comprises a toilet bowl, a casing made at the same time with a discharge pipe, a flushing device connected to the upper part of the toilet by a drain pipe through an electrically operated valve, a diaphragm dispenser and a non-return valve with a supply tank, a microprocessor connected to the pump electric drive, and electrically controlled valves and flush button, diaphragm dispenser and cylinder horizontally located one above the other, the upper cavity of the dispenser is included in the drain pipe of the supply tank through the return second valve lower cylinder chamber is connected to the outlet pipe and a receiver tank through the drain pipe, the outlet of which is fixed the rubber outlet valve, liquid pump, the suction and blast pipes.

What is new is that the toilet seat is made reclining and equipped with a nozzle fixed to it with distributing nozzles of the flushing device, connected to the inlet with the drain pipe by means of a union nut, the flushing and venting device is equipped with an additional rubber exhaust valve, which opens when the faecal waters are sucked in, and placed in the outlet casing pipes, the pump through the suction and discharge pipelines is directly included in the opposed liquid chambers of the diaphragm cylinder and dispenser, the discharge pipe is connected through an electrically controlled valve to the hydropneumatic chamber.

In addition, the nozzles of the flushing device, connected by flexible hoses to the nozzle nozzles, are welded into the toilet holes of the tangentially inner surface of the toilet bowl with the possibility of water rotation counterclockwise.

The second variant of the toilet flushing-and-flushing device comprises a toilet bowl, a casing made at the same time with a discharge pipe, a flushing device connected to the upper part of the toilet by a drain pipe through an electrically operated valve, a diaphragm dispenser and a non-return valve with a supply tank, a microprocessor connected to the pump electric drive, and electrically controlled valves and flush button, diaphragm dispenser and cylinder horizontally located one above the other, the upper cavity of the dispenser is included in the drain pipe of the supply tank through the return second valve lower cylinder chamber is connected to the outlet pipe and a receiver tank through the drain pipe, the outlet of which is fixed the rubber outlet valve, liquid pump, the suction and blast pipes.

What is new is that the toilet seat is made reclining and equipped with a nozzle fixed to it with distributing nozzles of the flushing device, connected to the inlet with the drain pipe by means of a union nut, the flushing and venting device is equipped with an additional rubber exhaust valve, which opens when the faecal waters are sucked in, and placed in the outlet casing pipes, the pump through the suction and discharge pipelines is directly included in the opposed liquid chambers of the diaphragm cylinder and dispenser, the discharge pipe is connected through an inlet electrically controlled valve to a hydropneumatic chamber, and the latter through a bypass pipe and an outlet electrically controlled valve to a suction pipe.

In addition, the nozzles of the flushing device are connected by flexible hoses to the nozzle distributing nozzles, are welded into the toilet openings tangentially to the internal surface of the toilet bowl, ensuring water rotation inside the toilet bowl.

The third variant of the toilet flushing and lowering device includes a toilet bowl, a casing made at the same time with a discharge pipe, a flushing device connected to the upper part of the toilet by a drain pipe through an electrically operated valve, a diaphragm dispenser and a non-return valve with a supply tank, a microprocessor connected to the pump electric drive, and an electrically controlled valve and flush button, diaphragm dispenser and cylinder horizontally located one above the other, the upper cavity of the dispenser is included in the drain pipe of the supply tank through the return second valve lower cylinder chamber is connected to the outlet pipe and a receiver tank through the drain pipe, the outlet of which is fixed the rubber outlet valve, liquid pump, the suction and blast pipes. What is new is that the toilet bowl and casing are equipped with movable and fixed flanges, respectively, rigidly attached to them, the connection of which is made in the form of a detachable hinge and hinged screw fasteners placed on the fixed flange and sealed with an additional exhaust shutter rubber flange that opens when the fecal waters are sucked in and prevents them movement back when depressurizing; the connection between the flanges of the drain pipe and the rubber exhaust valve is sealed by pressing it against each other directly using a washer and a union nut screwed on the flange of the drain pipe.

In addition, one of the loops of the detachable hinge has trunnions made in the form of horizontal strips mounted on the bracket of the movable flange parallel to its plane, and the other is made in the form of the eyes of a fixed flange with vertical slots for the passage of the said strips.

A rubber shutter is proposed, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, the end part of which is molded into an arc of a plate section, bending when the cylindrical part of the sleeve is evacuated. What is new is that the cylindrical part of the sleeve ends with a rubber flange molded along with it, used as a unified seal in the flange connections of the outlet pipe.

The technical result is expressed in the following.

The actuation of the dispenser by the pressure of the fluid flowing through the pipeline directly from the pump simplifies the design.

The connection of the discharge pipe with the hydropneumatic chamber through an electrically controlled valve will allow to temporarily accumulate the necessary pressure drop for each pump switching on to force the feces to be expelled through the outlet valve.

The presence of a bypass pipe with an electrically controlled valve accelerates the return (after turning off the pump) of the working fluid to the cylinder - to its original position (the diaphragm of the cylinder, lowering, compresses the gas medium in the lower chamber of the cylinder and forcibly pushes excrement from the outlet pipe into the receiving tank, overcoming the resistance of the rubber shutter by outlet pipe).

The presence of an additional exhaust valve, communicating with the cavity of the casing only during the extraction of excrement from the toilet, will eliminate the ingress of odors into the toilet rooms.

The presence of sequentially triggered rubber exhaust gates at the inlet and outlet of the outlet pipe, one of which is activated when the pump is turned on, and the other after it is turned off, will ensure the reliability of the removal of fecal effluents from the toilets of the car to the receiving tank.

The presence of a nozzle attached to the toilet with distributing fittings, which is detachably connected to the drain pipe by means of a union nut, as well as the presence of movable and fixed flanges on the toilet bowl and casing, respectively, connected in the form of a detachable hinge, and hinged screw located on the fixed flange fasteners will ensure that the toilet bowl rotates to the free side and the rubber exhaust shutter is replaced when it fails or the toilet bowl is replaced with an exhaust device.

The accompanying drawings depict:

Figure 1 - diagram of the flushing and flushing device for the toilet (device 1);

Figure 2 - diagram of the flushing and flushing device for the toilet (device 2);

Figure 3 - rubber exhaust valve;

Figure 4 is the same, top view;

Figure 5 - node a in figure 1, 2;

Figure 6 - flange connection of the toilet bowl with a casing;

Figure 7 - toilet bowl (top view), shows the detachable connection of the nozzle to the drain pipe;

On Fig - toilet in the tilted position;

Fig.9 is a view along arrow B in Fig.8;

Figure 10 is a view along arrow B in figure 8;

In Fig.11 - the pins of the movable flange (node 32 in Fig.6);

In Fig.12 - the eyes of the fixed flange (node 32 in Fig.6);

On Fig - level gauge for the receiving tank.

The toilet flush-and-drain device comprises a reclining toilet bowl 1, a casing 2, integral with a discharge pipe 3, a flushing device including nozzles 4 connected to the upper part of the toilet bowl with a union nut 5, a drain pipe 6 and an electrically operated valve 7 with a diaphragm dispenser 8 and through a non-return valve 9 with a supply tank 10, a liquid pump 11, a diaphragm cylinder 12, a hydropneumatic chamber 13 for temporary accumulation of differential pressure, pipelines: suction 14, forcing 15, bypass 16, microprocessor 17, electric Eski associated with the flushing button 18, with the liquid pump 11 and the electric circuits connected: the device (1) - with electrically controllable valves 7, 46, and the device (2) - with an electrically valves 7, 46, 47.

Welded to the toilet: flange 21 with radial slots 22, an arm 23, a bearing nozzle 4, nozzles 24, connected by hoses 25 with distributing nozzles 26 of the nozzle and inserted into the toilet tangentially on its inner surface in order to ensure that water jets swirl over the entire surface of the toilet.

A fixed flange 27 with a seat 28 is welded to the casing. On the bottom side of the fixed flange, hinged bolts 30 with wing nuts 31 included in the radial slots 22 of the flange 21 are hinged on the axes 29.

Both flanges are interconnected by a detachable hinge 32 (11, 12), one of the loops of which has trunnions 33, made in the form of horizontal strips 34 (6), mounted on the bracket 35 of the movable flange 21 parallel to its plane, and the other is made in the form of lugs 36 of a fixed flange 27 having vertical slots 37 for passage of said slats when replacing a toilet bowl.

Between the metal flanges 27 and 21, a rubber flange 38 'formed at the same time with the exhaust valve 39' is clamped by means of hinged screw fasteners 30, 31.

The upper cavity 40 of the dispenser is connected to the supply tank 10 through a drain pipe with a check valve 9.

The liquid chamber 41 of the cylinder 12 is limited by a rubber diaphragm 42, and a suction chamber 43 is located below it. The chamber 41 is filled with low-temperature oil 44 and is communicated by a suction pipe 14 to a pump 11 connected to the lower cavity 45 of the dispenser by a pressure pipe 15. The latter is connected to create a differential pressure of the liquid through an electrically controlled valve 46 with a hydropneumatic chamber 13.

The pipeline 15 '(figure 2) to accelerate the pressure relief of the fluid from the hydraulic chamber is connected through the bypass 16 and the normally closed exhaust electrically operated valve 47 with a suction pipe 14, the diameter of which at the outlet exceeds the diameter of the passage section of the bypass pipe 16.

The lower chamber 43 of the cylinder 12 is connected to the discharge pipe 3 and to the receiving tank 48 by means of a drain pipe 49, at the outlet of which a rubber outlet valve 39 is fixed.

To fix the flange 38 of the rubber exhaust valve 39 (Fig. 5), the drain pipe 49 is provided with a flange 50 with a seat 51 and an external thread. Flange 50 is welded to the pipe. Between the saddle of the flange 50 and the pressure washer 52, a rubber flange 38, molded at the same time with the exhaust valve 39, is clamped with a union nut 53.

The flange 27 of the casing 2 is equipped with an additional exhaust valve 39 ', the rubber flange 38' of which is seated in the saddle 28 of the fixed flange 27 with some excess over its surface.

The rubber exhaust valve 39 is made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, the end part of which is molded in the form of an arc of a plate section, bending when the cylindrical part of the sleeve is evacuated.

The cylindrical part of the sleeve at the top ends with a rubber flange 38, which is used as a unified interchangeable seal in the flange connections of the outlet pipe. The flange of the toilet is hermetically fixed to the flange of the casing by means of hinged screw fasteners 30, 31 and can be tilted on the detachable hinge 32 to the free side, providing access to the casing 2 in the case when it is necessary to replace the rubber shutter 39 'or the toilet 1 with a flushing device.

The receiving tank 48 has a gauge 54 of excess pressure, made in the form of a vertical cup immersed with an open end 55 'in the fecal liquid and connected through the upper nozzle 56 by a tube 57 with a remotely located U-shaped liquid manometer 58 to measure the excess pressure of the liquid medium in the gauge. At the ends of the manometer, expanders 59 are made, ending in fittings 60, one of which is connected through the filter 61 to the atmosphere, and the other is connected to the tubular element 57.

In order to avoid overfilling of the receiving tank, a membrane switch can be built into the tube 57 in communication with the sensor cavity, which will automatically turn off the pump electric drive at a given level of the tank filling height or block the inclusion of the flushing-and-drain device in operation until the tank is empty from drains.

The effluent from the receiving tank is exhausted through the discharge pipe 62.

The operation of the washer-drain device consists of two continuously following one after another operations in which they participate:

a) a diaphragm dispenser and a cylinder paired with a working pump 11. Their diaphragms 42, as drive elements in contact with the working fluid 44, provide flushing of excrement, their removal from the toilet bowl to the outlet valve 39 discharged into the tank;

b) only hydropneumatic chamber 13 and diaphragm cylinder 12; ejection through the outlet valve 39 of excrement is carried out by means of the diaphragm 42 of the cylinder when it is returned to its original position under the influence of the temporarily accumulated pressure released from it from the hydropneumatic chamber 13, when the pump is turned off and passes the working fluid from the chambers 45 and 13 through itself (Fig. 1), which accelerated is reset through the bypass valve 16 connected by the valve 47 (Fig.2).

c) turning off the pump is the beginning of bringing the diaphragm 42 to its original position under the influence of a previously "accumulated" pressure drop during the washing off of feces.

In the initial position, the dispenser is filled with water, the upper chamber 41 of the cylinder is filled with working fluid 44, the electrically operated valves 7, 46, 47 are closed.

The device operates as follows.

The flush button 18 is pressed, the electric drive with the liquid pump 11 is turned on, the valve 7 is opened. The liquid from the chamber 41 is sucked off and pumped into the lower cavity 45 of the dispenser, creating excessive pressure in it, and the corresponding vacuum in the suction chamber 43.

When fluid is injected into the lower cavity 45 of the dispenser, water is drained from its upper cavity 40, which enters the flushing device. The toilet is flushed until the dispenser 8 is filled with working fluid 44.

In the process of flushing the toilet bowl with water under the influence of rarefaction in the suction chamber 43, the contents from the outlet pipe 3 are sucked into the drain pipe 49, while excrement is sucked out through the outlet valve 39 'into the casing 2.

When the excrement is sucked, the end part of the rubber sleeve of the exhaust valve 39 compressed along the arc is bent and hermetically closed, preventing air leakage from the tank 48 (Figs. 1, 2).

After actuating the dispenser, the electrically controlled valve 46 opens and valve 7 closes.

The energy of the hydraulic pressure of the switched on pump is accumulated in the hydropneumatic chamber 13. When the pressure in it reaches 3 atm, the pump 11 turns off and the valve 47 opens. The dispenser 8 is filled with water pressure from the supply tank 10, displacing the working fluid into the pipeline 15 (valve 46 is closed). The working fluid from the hydropneumatic chamber 13 is discharged through the bypass pipe 16 and partially through the pump 11 into the upper chamber 41.

Under the influence of fluid pressure, the rubber diaphragm 42 from the upper position is lowered to its original position. The pressure in the chamber 43 of the cylinder increases, and the contents through the pipe 49 and the exhaust valve 39 is pushed into the receiving tank 48.

The described pressure relief from hydropneumatic 13 does not affect:

a) the volume of water in the upper cavity 40 of the dispenser, because its overflow is prevented by a check valve 9 and an electrically controlled valve 7;

b) to push fecal water back into the toilet, because the latter is hermetically sealed by an additional exhaust valve 39 '.

A prototype flushing and draining device (second option) was manufactured and tested on 09.08.2004 in the experimental workshop of the plant. The test results are positive.

Claims (7)

1. A flushing and flushing device for a toilet, comprising a toilet bowl, a casing integrally made with a discharge pipe, a flushing device connected to the upper part of the toilet by a drain pipe through an electrically operated valve, a diaphragm dispenser and a check valve with a supply tank, a microprocessor connected to the pump electric drive, electrically operated valves and flush button, diaphragm dispenser and cylinder horizontally located one above the other, the upper cavity of the dispenser is included in the drain pipe of the supply tank through a non-return valve, n the lower chamber of the cylinder is connected to the outlet pipe and to the receiving tank by means of a drain pipe, the outlet of which is fixed to a rubber outlet valve, a liquid pump, suction and discharge pipes, characterized in that the toilet bowl is made reclining and equipped with a nozzle attached to it with distributing nozzles of the flushing device, connected at the inlet to the drain pipe by means of a union nut, the flushing and drain device is equipped with an additional rubber outlet, which opens when the fecal waters are sucked With a shutter located in the casing of the outlet pipe, the pump through the suction and discharge pipes is directly connected to the opposed liquid chambers of the diaphragm cylinder and dispenser, the discharge pipe is connected via an electrically controlled valve to the hydraulic pneumatic chamber. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzles of the flushing device connected by flexible hoses to the nozzle nozzles are welded into the toilet holes of the tangentially inner surface of the toilet with the possibility of rotation of the water counterclockwise. 3. A flushing-and-flushing device for a toilet, comprising a toilet bowl, a casing integrally made with a discharge pipe, a flushing device connected to the upper part of the toilet by a drain pipe through an electrically operated valve, a diaphragm dispenser and a check valve with a supply tank, a microprocessor connected to the pump electric drive, electrically operated valves and flush button, diaphragm dispenser and cylinder horizontally located one above the other, the upper cavity of the dispenser is included in the drain pipe of the supply tank through a non-return valve, n the lower chamber of the cylinder is connected to the outlet pipe and to the receiving tank by means of a drain pipe, the outlet of which is fixed to a rubber outlet valve, a liquid pump, suction and discharge pipes, characterized in that the toilet bowl is made reclining and equipped with a nozzle attached to it with distributing nozzles of the flushing device, connected at the inlet to the drain pipe by means of a union nut, the flushing and drain device is equipped with an additional rubber outlet, which opens when the fecal waters are sucked with a shutter located in the casing of the outlet pipe, the pump through the suction and discharge pipes is directly connected to the opposing liquid chambers of the diaphragm cylinder and dispenser, the discharge pipe is connected through an inlet solenoid valve to a hydraulic pneumatic chamber, and the latter through a bypass pipe and an outlet solenoid valve to a suction pipe . 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the nozzles of the flushing device connected by flexible hoses to the nozzle nozzles are welded into the toilet holes of the tangentially inner surface of the toilet with the possibility of rotation of the water counterclockwise. 5. A flushing and flushing device for a toilet, comprising a toilet bowl, a casing integrally made with a discharge pipe, a flushing device connected to the upper part of the toilet by a drain pipe through an electrically operated valve, a diaphragm dispenser and a check valve with a supply tank, a microprocessor connected to the pump electric drive, electrically operated valves and flush button, diaphragm dispenser and cylinder horizontally located one above the other, the upper cavity of the dispenser is included in the drain pipe of the supply tank through a non-return valve, n the lower chamber of the cylinder is connected to the outlet pipe and to the receiving tank by means of a drain pipe, the outlet of which is fixed with a rubber outlet valve, a liquid pump, suction and discharge pipelines, characterized in that the toilet bowl and casing are equipped with movable and fixed flanges rigidly attached to them, connection which are made in the form of a detachable hinge and hinged screw fasteners placed on a fixed flange and sealed with a rubber flange of an additional exhaust shutter, hiding during the absorption of fecal water and preventing their movement back when pressure is released, the connection of the flanges of the drain pipe and the rubber exhaust valve is sealed by their direct pressing against each other with a washer and a union nut screwed on the flange of the drain pipe. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that one of the loops of the detachable hinge has trunnions made in the form of horizontal strips mounted on the bracket of the movable flange parallel to its plane, and the other is made in the form of the eyes of a fixed flange with vertical slots for the passage of the said strips . 7. A rubber shutter made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, the end part of which is molded into an arc of a plate section, bending when the cylindrical part of the sleeve is evacuated, characterized in that the cylindrical part of the sleeve ends with a rubber flange molded along with it, used as a unified seal in flange joints outlet pipe.

Images