RU29053U1 - Sewage treatment plant - Google Patents

Description

- Installation for wastewater treatment The utility model relates to the treatment of wastewater, recycled and natural waters and can be used in urban and industrial wastewater treatment plants, including for separating activated sludge and biofilms from water in biological treatment systems. A device for biological wastewater treatment, containing a cylindrical body with a conical bottom part, made in the form of a sump for collecting past water treatment, placed in the housing a granular filter load, the surface of which is covered with a bacterial film, a device for supplying the original wastewater to the upper part of the filter, device continuous aeration of air loading, a device for discharging treated wastewater from the bottom of the body and a recirculation device located in the body for return a mixture of sediment and purified water from the bottom to the free upper part of the housing above the filter load (RF patent No. 2059542, IPC CO2F3 / 00.1996). A disadvantage of the known device is the low quality of cleaning, in particular from suspended solids. A known installation for deep biological wastewater treatment, containing two interconnected biofilters, each of which is made in the form of a tank with a load and a support grid, a water and air supply system and a purified water drain pipe. IPC C02F3 / 06; About that, the biofilters are equipped with prefabricated trays of purified water installed in their upper parts, the biofilter loading is made of polymer material with a density lower than the density of water, the support grid is located above the loading and is equipped with a holding fixed layer of bulk material (gravel, crushed stone) placed over it with decreasing from the bottom up by particle size, and the feed water and air supply system is installed in the lower part of the tanks under a floating load (RF patent No. 2021216, IPC C03F 3/04, 3/20, 1994). A disadvantage of the known device is the low efficiency of filtration cleaning in a layer of bulk material and the inability to completely wash it from the suspended suspended particles during washing from top to bottom due to the inability to expand this layer. Known water clarifier containing a cylindrical body, pipelines for supplying source water and air, an annular tray for collecting clarified water, near and far in the direction of water movement of the partition, a sludge collector located between them, a device for removing sludge and sediment, while between in the direction of water movement, the partition and the housing additionally house submersible vertically located thin-layer modules, the partition that is distant in the direction of water movement is located above the modules, ruboprovody working fluid and initial water are interconnected and provided with an additional clarifier pshamosbornym tray disposed to the first partition wall in the direction of movement of the water (RF Patent №2027681, IPC C02F 3/06, 1995.). A disadvantage of the known device is the low efficiency of purification from suspended solids. A known installation for treating wastewater, including a horizontal sump separated by a transverse baffle into reaction chambers and collecting clarified water, with swirl mixers installed in the reaction chamber and openings in the transverse baffle, in which filter elements and slide gate valves are installed to separate the openings from reaction chambers and collection of clarified water (RF patent No. 2038325, IPC C02F 1/52, 1995. prototype). A disadvantage of the known device is the design complexity and the need for periodic replacement of filter elements as their dirt capacity is exhausted, which unreasonably complicates the operation of the installation and increases costs. The task of creating the proposed utility model is to expand the arsenal of technical means intended for deep cleaning from suspended and emulsified substances: waste, recycled and natural water substances, as well as to increase the cleaning efficiency and simplify the design of the device. The essence of the utility model is as follows. The wastewater treatment plant comprises a tank with a settling tank and a filter located therein, means for supplying the initial wastewater to the entrance of the settling tank, a device for collecting and discharging purified water located in the upper part of the settling tank, an air supply system and a device for removing sediment. The filter is made with a floating load 31, placed horizontally directly in the upper flow zone of the sump adjacent to the device for collecting purified water, and is bounded on both sides by vertical walls, forming a cavity above the filter load that communicates with the device for collecting and discharging purified water. Above the loading layer, a device for periodic drainage is installed

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dirty washing water, and the air supply system contains an aerating device that is disconnected under the load and connected through an air duct to a gas blower installed with the possibility of periodic switching on.

The tank with the sump and filter located in it can have a cylindrical shape, while the feed of the waste water is carried out in the central zone of the tank, and the device for collecting and discharging purified water is made in the form of a peripheral ring tray with a pit into which the discharge pipe is inserted, the filter has ring shape with vertical outer and inner walls formed by cylindrical shells concentrically located in the tank, mounted on brackets attached to the wall an oyunnik below the level of the annular tray, with windows formed in the outer wall communicating the cavity above the loading of the filter with the annular tray, and the device for periodically draining dirty washing water is a perforated sucker tube placed radially above the load with the possibility of rotation relative to the center of the tank and communicated with the central the settling zone by means of a radial pipe and a suction pump.

The aerating device in this embodiment of the tank can be made in the form of a horizontally located perforated pipe mounted radially under the filter with the possibility of rotation relative to the center of the tank together with a device for periodically draining dirty wash water.

A device for removing sediment in this embodiment of the tank can be made in the form of bottom sludge scrapers or suction pumps mounted on a radially located truss mounted above the tank with the possibility of rotation relative to its center, while a pump and gas blower can be installed on the truss and placed in the casing with internal electric heating. The tank may have a rectangular shape in plan, with the supply of source wastewater and the removal of purified water from opposite sides of the tank, the device for collecting and discharging purified water is made in the form of a pipe in communication with a window formed in a vertical filter wall located on the outlet side purified water, moreover, the filter also has a rectangular shape in plan, and a device for periodically discharging dirty wash water from the cavity above the filter loading includes a system of airlift pipes connected with windows formed in the vertical wall of the filter, located on the supply side of the wastewater. In this embodiment of the tank, dirty wash water may be pumped to the entrance of the sump or outside the tank. A device for removing sludge may include pits equipped with airlifts. The aeration device can be made in the form of horizontally arranged perforated pipes placed under the filter load over its entire area with an interval of 0.2-0.5 m, with the possibility of periodic air supply to individual perforated pipes. The filter loading layer can be bounded above and below by grids. The load is made of polyethylene granules with a density of 910-930 kg / m and a size of 2-4 mm. The height of the loading layer is 0.2-0.5 m. The filter can be made of separate identical cartridges adjacent to each other with vertical side walls. The windows communicating the cavity above the loading with the device for collecting purified water are equipped with shut-off and adjusting fittings, for example, rotary dampers. W Fig. 1 schematically shows a water treatment plant with a cylindrical reservoir in plan; figure 2 - section AA in figure 1; Fig. 3 - schematically shows the installation with a rectangular tank in plan view, in Fig. 4 is a view B in FIG. 3. Installation as shown in FIG. 1.2, includes a cylindrical tank 1 with a water intake 2 and a water distribution 3 glasses located therein, a sump 4, an annular tray 5 for collecting purified water and an annular filter 6. The filter 6 contains a floating load 7, consisting of granules of polyethylene. The load is placed between the side walls of the filter 8, 9, formed by two vertically concentrically arranged cylindrical shells 10, 11 which are fixed on the horizontal platforms of the arms 12 installed around the perimeter of the sump. The bottom and top loading is limited by grids 13, 14, respectively, attached to the shells 10, 11. In the shell 11, windows 15 are formed, communicating the cavity 16 above the load with the annular tray 5 by means of the filtrate trays 17. The installation contains a rotating sludge scraper (not shown), on the upper farm 18 of which a suction pump 19 and a gas blower 20 are installed. The suction cavity of the pump 19 is connected to a suction pipe 21 located in the water layer above the filter and having a number of holes in the lower part. A perforated pipe 22 is connected to the gas blower 20, which is located under the horizontal platforms of the crowiggains 12. The pump and blower are located at. a casing 23 having internal heating to maintain the temperature inside the casing during the winter period of operation. The installation, as shown in FIGS. 3.4, includes a rectangular tank 24 with a settling tank 25 and a filter 26 located therein. The settling tank has pits 27 provided with airlifts 28 for pumping 4

draft. The filter contains a floating charge 29, limited by the side walls 30 and horizontally located grids 31. In the front side wall of the filter, located on the supply side of the wastewater into the tank, there are windows 32 for draining dirty wash water using airlifts 33. In the rear side wall of the filter is located a window 34 through which purified water is discharged from the installation through a pipeline 35 provided with a valve 36. Perforated pipes 37 are located under the lower filter screen through which aeration of the charge is carried out in the period e e rinsing. Air is supplied to the airlifts and perforated pipes from the gas blower 38 through the taps 39. Wastewater enters the installation through the slot 40. The sewage treatment plant operates as follows. In the embodiment of the tank of a schshindric form (Fig. 1,2), the source water enters the central water intake cup and then through the water distribution cup fills the entire volume of the sump, in which sediment settles. Water is drained from the sump through the annular tray 5 located along the perimeter of the sump, with water passing in front of it through a filter 6 with a floating charge. The filter operates in the non-pressure filtration mode at a speed of up to 10 m / h. The feed material is granules of polyethylene with a density of 910-930 kg / m and a size of 2-4 mm. The height of the loading layer is 0.2-0.5 m. The bottom and top loading is limited by grids 13, 14, the distance between which provides the necessary expansion of the load during washing. In the water layer above the filter, a sucker tube 21 moves, the bottom of which is located 0.05 m above the top of the metal structures that fix the upper filter grid. Through the suction pipe through the pump 19 dirty wash water from the filter is discharged in h

m the central glass of the sump. The pump, located on a rotating sump farm, works continuously, providing a partial washing of the filter load with a period equal to the period of rotation of the farm (30-40 minutes). Additional water-air washing of the load is carried out using clarified water as a wash, and is performed when the blower 20 is located, located on a rotating sump farm and supplying air to the filter load through a perforated pipe 22. Aeration of the load with an intensity of at least 10 ensures its expansion and mixing , and the resulting airlift flows wash the load with the removal of particles detained in it into the water layers above the load and under the load. Suspended particles carried into the water layer under the load, settle in the sedimentary zone of the sump. Suspended and emulsified particles entering the water layer above the charge are discharged together with the dirty wash water through the suction pipe 21 into the central bowl of the sump. The gas blower is switched on for a period of one turn of the farm when the calculated water level in the sump reaches the pressure drop in the filter and corresponds to the level of the edge of the drain of the tray. The blower is switched on periodically, and can be done manually or automatically by a signal from the water level sensor in the sump. In an embodiment of the tank of a rectangular shape (Fig. 3,4), the source water is supplied through the slot 40 to the inlet of the sump 25. The water clarified in the sump settles onto the filter 26 and is filtered through the charge 29 in the upward direction. Purified water from the cavity above the charge is discharged through the window 34 through the h line 35. In the cleaning mode, the valve 36 is open, air is not supplied to the perforated pipes 37 and airlifts 33. In the washing mode, the valve 36 is closed, the air supply to the perforated pipes 37 and airlifts 33 is turned on. Aeration of the load brings it into a fluidized state due to the occurring circulating water flows. Suspended substances accumulated in the load are carried out into the water layer above the load, from where they are pumped out by airlifts 33, and into the water layer under the load, from where they settle into pits 27 and pumped out by airlifts 28. Placing a filter with a floating load directly in the flow zone of the installation can increase the efficiency of cleaning and emulsified substances in the installation by increasing the utilization of the volume of the flow zone of the sump and averaging the flow of water through this zone. The proposed device allows to increase efficiency; filtration treatment of clarified water by preventing the grinding of aggregatively unstable suspensions and emulsions, which occurs during the transportation of clarified water from the clarification plant to the filter during treatment at separate facilities. Using the proposed device can reduce the total volume of the treatment plant, the number of pipelines and shut-off and control valves, simplify the filter washing scheme, and reduce the amount of dirty wash water. ., (

Claims (15)

1. Installation for wastewater treatment, comprising a tank with a settling tank and a filter in it, means for supplying initial wastewater to the entrance of the settling tank, a device for collecting and discharging purified water located in the upper part of the settling tank, an air supply system and a device for removing sludge, characterized in that the filter is made with a floating load, placed horizontally directly in the upper flow zone of the sump adjacent to the device for collecting purified water, and is bounded on both sides by vertical walls and forming a cavity above the filter load connected to the device for collecting and discharging purified water, while a device for periodically discharging dirty washing water is installed above the loading layer, and the air supply system contains an aeration device placed under the load and connected through the air duct to the gas blower, installed with the possibility of periodic inclusion. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank with a settling tank and a filter in it has a cylindrical shape, the source of wastewater is supplied to the central zone of the tank, while the device for collecting and discharging purified water is made in the form of a peripheral ring tray with the pit into which the discharge pipe is connected, the filter has the form of a ring with vertical outer and inner walls formed by cylindrical shells concentrically located in the tank mounted on the bracket nah, attached to the wall of the sump below the level of the annular tray, and in the outer wall there are formed windows communicating the cavity above the loading of the filter with the annular tray, while the device for periodically draining dirty washing water is a perforated suction pipe placed radially above the load with the possibility of rotation relative to the center of the tank and communicated with the central zone of the sump by means of a radial pipe and a pump out. 3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the aeration device is made in the form of a horizontally arranged perforated pipe mounted radially under the filter with the possibility of its rotation relative to the center of the tank together with a device for periodic drainage of dirty wash water. 4. Installation according to any one of paragraphs.2 and 3, characterized in that the device for removing sludge is made on a radially located farm installed above the tank with the possibility of rotation relative to its center. 5. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the pump and the gas blower are installed on the farm. 6. Installation according to claim 5, characterized in that the pump and the gas blower are housed in a casing with internal electric heating. 7. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank has a rectangular shape in plan, the supply of source wastewater and the removal of purified water is carried out from opposite sides of the tank, while the device for collecting and discharging purified water is made in the form of a pipeline in communication with a window formed in a vertical wall of the filter located on the side of the drain of purified water, the filter has a rectangular shape in plan, and a device for periodically removing dirty wash water from the cavity above the filter load includes istemu air lift pipes communicated with windows formed in the vertical wall of the filter, located on the supply side of waste water. 8. Installation according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 7, characterized in that the aeration device is made in the form of horizontally arranged perforated pipes placed under the filter load over its entire area with an interval of 0.2-0.5 m, with the possibility of periodic air supply to individual perforated pipes. 9. Installation according to any one of paragraphs.7 and 8, characterized in that the dirty wash water is pumped to the entrance of the sump. 10. Installation according to any one of paragraphs.7 and 8, characterized in that the dirty wash water is pumped out of the tank. 11. Installation according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the loading layer above and below is limited by grids. 12. Installation according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the filter is made of separate identical cartridges adjacent to each other with vertical side walls. 13. Installation according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the download is made of granules of polyethylene with a density of 910-930 kg / m ³ and a size of 2-4 mm. 14. Installation according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the height of the loading layer is 0.2-0.5 m 15. Installation according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the windows communicating the cavity above the load with a device for collecting purified water are equipped with shut-off and control valves, for example, rotary dampers.