RU2821063C2 - Cutting machine and device for automatic switching of its cutters for planing slots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: billet molding by cutting.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to a cutting machine and a device for automatic switching of its cutters for planing slots. Device includes a support, a rotating shaft, a rotating drive element, a positioning disc, a telescopic mechanism and a pin. Rotating drive element is installed in the support and is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft around its own central axis. On the side wall of the rotating shaft along the periphery there are several sets of cutters for planing slots. Positioning disc is fixed on the rotating shaft. On the upper end surface of the positioning shaft there are sockets that coincide with the pin. Telescopic mechanism is installed in the support, its retractable assembly extends downwards and is rigidly connected to the pin.

EFFECT: increased speed of automatic switching of sets of cutters for planing slots for processing of panels with different standard sizes and increased efficiency.

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Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of forming a workpiece by cutting, in particular, to a cutting machine and a device for automatically switching its cutters for planing grooves.

State of the art

Due to the need to connect aerated concrete panels during their use, both sides of the finished panels must be made with tongues and grooves, respectively, so it is necessary to make grooves on the panels when they are still blanks. Existing aerated concrete panels have different standard sizes, each of which corresponds to a different panel thickness, so the distance between the grooves and tenons made in the manufacture of panels of each standard size will vary depending on the standard sizes of the panels. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the cutters for planing the grooves of the machine for cutting the workpiece, depending on the standard sizes of aerated concrete panels during their manufacture.

However, at present, the cutting machine of most domestic manufacturers of ready-made aerated concrete panels can be equipped with only one cutters for planing grooves, and every time it is necessary to produce panels of other standard sizes, it is necessary to replace the cutters for planing grooves manually. But, the installation accuracy of groove planing cutters is quite high, and manual replacement and adjustment takes a long time, which leads to low productivity.

For example, Chinese Patent Application No. CN201510238521.5, announced on July 22, 2015, discloses a machine for cutting grooves on concrete blocks, including a vertical frame in which a channel is provided for the passage of the workpiece, and several shafts for installing cutting tools; several disk blades are installed in the shaft at a certain distance; The shafts for installing the cutting tool and the frame are connected to the cutting tool carriage, which allows you to adjust the feed distance of the shaft for installing the cutting tool, the shaft for installing the cutting tool is rotated by a power device to connect with the carriage of the cutting tool, and the bed located at the end of the channel is equipped with a frame airflow in the shape of a door frame.

Another Chinese Patent Application No. CN201721493837.X, announced on June 19, 2018, discloses a cutting tool assembly for cutting grooves on an autoclaved aerated concrete insulation block and a machine for cutting grooves on the block, characterized in that it includes a long frame, at both ends of which two transverse cylinders and transverse pneumatic valves and two transverse displacement sensors are installed; two transverse long guide rails are attached to the long frame; two longitudinal cylinders and longitudinal pneumatic valves and two longitudinal displacement sensors are also installed on the left support frame body and the right support frame body, respectively, and one end of the two longitudinal cylinders is fixed to the left support frame and the right support frame; at the front end of the tool holder body for cutting a long groove and the tool holder body for cutting a short groove, cutting tool assemblies for cutting grooves in blocks are respectively installed; in the middle of the long frame, a heat-insulating block gripping unit is fixedly fixed, wherein the heat-insulating block gripping unit includes a frame and a positioning plate installed on the frame.

Both solutions described above relate to equipment for cutting and planing grooves on concrete workpieces or blocks, however, from the drawings it can be seen that in the device for planing grooves of both solutions, only one pressure of cutters for planing grooves is installed, and when it is necessary to process panels of different sizes, it becomes necessary to replace cutters manually, which takes a lot of time and leads to low productivity.

The essence of the invention

1. Task

To solve the problems of low productivity caused by the time-consuming replacement of groove planing cutters when existing machines for cutting and planing grooves on concrete workpieces process panels of different sizes, the present invention proposes an automatic switching device for groove planing cutters, allowing automatic switching of sets cutters for planing grooves for processing panels of various sizes and increasing productivity.

The present invention further provides a cutting machine using the above-mentioned automatic groove planing cutter switching device, which allows rapid switching of groove planing cutter sets according to different panel sizes and improves productivity.

2. Technical solutions

To solve this problem, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions.

An automatic slot planing cutter switching device including a support, a rotating shaft, a rotating drive member and a locking mechanism, the rotating drive member is mounted in the support to drive the rotating shaft into rotation, and several sets of slot planing cutters are mounted on the rotating shaft along the periphery; a locking mechanism is installed in the support to fix the rotating shaft.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, the locking mechanism includes a positioning disk, a telescopic mechanism and a pin; wherein the positioning disk is fixedly fixed on the rotating shaft, on the upper end surface of the disk there are sockets that coincide with the pin; The telescopic mechanism is installed in a support, its retractable unit extends downwards and is fixedly connected to the pin.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, it also includes a rail; there are several slats fixedly fixed along the periphery of the rotating shaft on its side wall; one set of said cutters for planing the grooves is located at a certain interval along the height of the lath.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, the rail is provided with limiting grooves in the direction of its width; the cutter for planing grooves is equipped with a support bar inserted into the limiting groove and removably secured in the limiting groove.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, it also includes a pressure plate; the pressure plate is fixedly fixed to the rail using bolts, pressing the support bar against the limit groove.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, it also includes a connecting plate; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft on one side and to the rack on the other side.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, the connecting plate is made with an oval hole and is fixedly fixed to the rotating shaft by means of a bolt passing through the oval hole.

A cutting machine includes a frame and a cutter device for planing grooves, and has several pairs of cutter devices for planing grooves, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bed. Any of the above-mentioned devices for automatic switching of cutters for planing grooves is adopted as a device for planing grooves, and the support is fixedly fixed on the frame.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, it also includes a pushing device, which includes a pushing element; wherein the pushing element is fixedly mounted on the frame and connected by its retractable end to the support.

As a further improvement of the technical solution, the pushing device further includes a guide plate and a guide rod; wherein the guide plate is fixedly mounted on the frame and provided with a guide hole for passing the guide rod, and the guide rod is fixedly fixed at one end in the support.

3. Technical result

Compared to existing analogues known from the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The present invention provides an automatic switching device for groove planing cutters, which can be pre-equipped with multiple groove planing cutters of different shapes and sizes on a rotating shaft, to process panels of different sizes, simply rotate the rotating shaft to rotate the corresponding set of groove planing cutters in desired position, then insert the pin into the socket of the positioning disk to fix the rotating shaft, thus completing the switching of the set of groove planing cutters. Compared with the conventional arrangement of cutters for planing grooves, this method can significantly reduce the time for replacing cutters and effectively improve productivity;

(2) The present invention provides an automatic slot planer switching device in which the presence of a rack allows the entire set of slot planers to be quickly replaced when the set of slot planers in the device cannot process the desired panel, thereby improving productivity;

(3) The present invention provides an automatic slot planer switching device, in which by adjusting the depth of the slot planer in the limit groove, the distance at which the slot planer extends from the rack can be changed to change the groove depth of the workpiece, which is more convenient in use. Further, using a pressure plate to fix the groove planing cutter makes it easy to adjust the position of the groove planing cutter;

(4) The present invention provides an automatic slot planing cutter switching device in which, by providing an oval hole on the connecting plate, the overall position of the rack on the rotating shaft can be accurately adjusted, which can improve installation accuracy and processing accuracy;

(5) The present invention provides an automatic slot planing cutter switching device in which the lower end of the pin is formed into a cone shape so that the pin can be smoothly inserted into the socket. Moreover, the pin can be gradually lowered to a position that fits tightly into the socket, which allows for more stable fixation of the positioning disk and eliminates the presence of a gap between the pin and the socket. The presence of a gap can lead to vibration of the rotating shaft during operation of the device and, as a result, have a negative impact on the processing accuracy;

(6) The present invention provides a cutting machine using the above-mentioned automatic groove planing cutter switching device, which can quickly switch sets of groove planing cutters according to different panel sizes and improve productivity;

(7) The present invention provides a cutting machine in which a pusher device is mounted on a frame, and a groove planing cutter device is mounted on an extendable end of the push member, and the set of groove planing cutters can be extended or retracted as a whole to control the operation of the push member. When it is necessary to plane the grooves on the workpiece, the groove planing tool set is pulled out, and when the grooves do not need to be planed, the groove planing tool set is retracted, making the use of the cutting machine more flexible. In addition, by using the guide plate and the guide rod, it is possible to ensure precise moving direction of the groove planing tool set and prevent jamming when the groove planing tool set is extended and retracted.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 - design diagram of the device for planing grooves with a pushing device;

Fig. 2 - working diagram of the positioning disk and pin of the cutter device for planing grooves;

Fig. 3 - diagram of the installation of cutters for planing grooves on the rail;

Fig. 4 - design diagram of the cutting machine;

In the figures: 1. support; 2. rotating shaft; 3. rotating drive element; 4. positioning disk; 5. cutter for planing grooves; 6. telescopic mechanism; 7. pin; 8. rail; 9. limit groove; 10. support bar; 11. pressure plate; 12. connecting plate; 13. bed; 14. pushing element; 15. guide plate; 16. guide rod

Examples of concrete implementation

The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

The automatic slot planing cutter switching device used in the cutting machine is designed for planing grooves on the panel workpiece. Below is a detailed description of its design and operating principle.

As shown in FIG. 1, the device includes a support 1, a rotating shaft 2, a rotating drive element 3, a locking mechanism and a cutter assembly for planing grooves. The rotating drive element 3 is mounted in the support 1 and is connected to the rotating shaft 2 to drive the rotating shaft 2 to rotate about its own central axis. In the present embodiment, the rotating drive member 3 is an electric motor fixedly mounted in the support 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 2 is pivotally mounted in the support 1 through a bearing and connected to the output shaft of the electric motor. There are several groove planing cutter assemblies, which are installed at a certain interval around the periphery of the rotating shaft 2 on the side wall of the rotating shaft 2. When the rotating shaft 2 is rotated at a certain angle so that the corresponding groove planing cutter assembly is in the operating position, the locking mechanism locks rotating shaft 2 so that the groove planing cutter assembly remains in stable operating condition. The locking mechanism can be a locking bolt, a block, and some other common shapes in the prior art. But in the specific use of these common forms of the locking device, it is possible to have problems such as inconvenience in installation and disassembly, cumbersome operation, therefore, in the present embodiment, a unique design of the structure of the locking mechanism is presented.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a positioning disk 4, a telescopic mechanism 6 and a pin 7. The telescopic mechanism 6 is installed in the support 1, its retractable unit extends downward and is fixedly connected to the pin 7, and a linear motion electric drive can be adopted as the telescopic mechanism 6 or a cylinder, wherein in the present embodiment, a cylinder is adopted as the telescopic mechanism 6, the piston rod of which extends downwards and passes through the support 1, and the end portion of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the pin 7. The positioning disk 4 is fixedly fixed on the rotating shaft 2 and rotates together with a rotating shaft 2. On the upper end surface of the disk there are sockets that coincide with the pin 7, and in number and location these sockets correspond to the units of cutters for planing grooves installed on the rotating shaft 2, that is, the sockets are located directly above each of the units of cutters for planing grooves

The use of the above design makes it possible to install in advance several units of cutters for planing grooves on a rotating shaft 2, and each unit of cutters for planing grooves has a set of cutters for planing grooves of various shapes and sizes. To process panels of various sizes, it is enough to turn the rotating shaft 2 to rotate the corresponding set of groove planing cutters to the desired position, then insert the pin 7 into the socket of the positioning disk 4 to fix the rotating shaft 2, thus completing the switching of the set of groove planing cutters. Compared with the conventional arrangement of groove planing cutters, this method can significantly reduce the replacement time of groove planing cutters and effectively improve productivity.

It should be noted that the lower end of the pin 7 of the present embodiment is shaped as a cone with a gradually decreasing radius from the top to the bottom, so that the pin 7 can be smoothly inserted into the socket while moving downwards. In addition, during movement, the pin 7 can be gradually lowered to a position to fit tightly against the socket, which allows for a more stable fixation of the positioning disk 4 and eliminates the presence of a gap between the pin 7 and the socket. The presence of a gap may cause vibration of the rotating shaft 2 during operation of the device and, as a result, have a negative impact on the processing accuracy.

In order to better understand the operating principle and assembly process of the device, below is a detailed description of the design of the cutter assembly for planing grooves.

As shown in FIG. 1 and fig. 3, the assembly of cutters for planing grooves includes cutters 5 for planing grooves, a rack 8, pressure plates 11 and connecting plates 12. Moreover, the connecting plate 12 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2 on one side and with the rack 8 on the other side. The rail 8 is provided with restrictive grooves 9 in the direction of its width, and has several restrictive grooves 9, which are distributed in the direction of the length of the rail 8 at a distance from each other. The cutter 5 for planing grooves is equipped with a support bar 10 inserted into the restrictive groove 9, and the pressure plate 11 is fixedly fixed to the rail 8 with bolts, pressing the support bar 10 to the restrictive groove 9. The presence of the rail 8 and connecting plates 12 allows you to quickly replace the entire set cutters 5 for planing grooves by removing the rack 8 when the set of cutters for planing grooves in the device cannot process the desired panel, which reduces replacement time. By adjusting the depth of the groove cutter 5 in the limit groove 9, you can change the distance at which the groove cutter 5 extends from the rack 8 in order to change the depth of the workpiece grooves, which is more convenient to use. In this case, the use of the pressure plate 11 for fixing the cutter 5 for planing the grooves makes it possible to easily adjust the location of the cutter 5 for planing the grooves, which is convenient during dismantling and installation.

Moreover, in the present embodiment, the connecting plate 12 is formed with an oval hole and is fixedly fixed on the rotating shaft 2 with a bolt passing through the oval hole. By changing the position of the bolt relative to the oval hole, you can precisely adjust the overall position of the rack 8 on the rotating shaft 2, which allows you to increase the installation accuracy and processing accuracy of the planing knives assembly.

Thus, the automatic switching device for planing grooves in the present embodiment of the invention allows automatic switching of sets of planing grooves for processing panels of different sizes and improves productivity.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 4, a cutting machine used for planing grooves on concrete workpieces includes a frame 13, a groove planing cutter device and a pushing device. At the same time, there are several pairs of cutter devices for planing grooves, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame 13, the workpiece being processed is delivered by a trolley into the space between the cutter devices for planing grooves, located on both sides, in order to process both side surfaces of the workpiece. In the present embodiment, the automatic slot planing cutter switching device shown in Embodiment 1 is adopted as the groove planing cutter device.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 1 and 4, the pushing device includes a pushing element 14, a guide plate 15 and a guide rod 16. Moreover, there are two guide plates 15 fixedly mounted on the front and rear ends of the cross beam of the frame 13. On the guide plates 15 and the cross beam in the width direction of the bed 13 through guide holes are made, the guide rod 16 passes through these guide holes and is fixedly fixed at one end in the support 1. The pushing element 14 is fixedly mounted on the frame 13 and connected by a retractable end to the support 1, and an electric drive of linear movement or can be used as the pushing element 14 cylinder. In this embodiment, a cylinder is adopted as the pushing member 14, which is fixedly mounted on the guide plate 15 opposite the other end of the slot planing cutter device. Through holes are made on the guide plates 15 and the cross beam in the width direction of the frame 13, and the retractable piston rod of the pushing element 14 passes through the through holes to connect with the support 1. During operation of the device, a set of cutters for planing grooves can extend or retract entirely, controlling the operation pusher element 14. When it is necessary to plane the grooves on the workpiece, the set of groove planing cutters is pulled out, and when there is no need to plan the grooves, the set of groove planers is retracted, which makes the use of the cutting machine more flexible. In addition, by using the guide plate 15 and the guide rod 16, it is possible to ensure precise moving direction of the groove planing tool set and prevent jamming when extending and retracting the groove planing tool set.

The above is a schematic description of the present invention and its embodiments, and such description is not limiting, the accompanying drawings show only one of the embodiments of the present invention, the actual construction is not limited to this. Therefore, structural forms and embodiments similar to the technical solutions of the present invention and obtained by a person skilled in the art, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, even without resorting to creative work, are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A device for automatically switching cutters for planing grooves, including a support (1), a rotating shaft (2), along the periphery of which several sets of cutters (5) are installed for planing grooves, and a rotating drive element (3), wherein the rotating drive element (3 ) is installed in the support (1) to drive the rotating shaft (2) into rotation, characterized in that it also includes a locking mechanism installed in the support (1) for fixing the rotating shaft (2) and including a positioning disk (4), a telescopic mechanism (6) and a pin (7); wherein the positioning disk (4) is fixedly fixed on the rotating shaft (2), on the upper end surface of the disk there are sockets that coincide with the pin (7); the telescopic mechanism (6) is installed in the support (1), its retractable unit extends downwards and is fixedly connected to the pin (7). 2. A device for automatically switching cutters for planing grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a rail (8); and has several slats (8), fixedly fixed along the periphery of the rotating shaft (2) on its side wall; one set of said cutters (5) for planing grooves is located at a certain interval along the height of the rail (8). 3. A device for automatically switching cutters for planing grooves according to claim 2, characterized in that the rail (8) is equipped with restrictive grooves (9) in the direction of its width; the cutter (5) for planing grooves is equipped with a support bar (10) inserted into the limiting groove (9) and removably secured in the limiting groove (9). 4. A device for automatically switching cutters for planing grooves according to claim 3, characterized in that it also includes a pressure plate (11); the pressure plate (11) is fixedly fixed on the rail (8) using bolts and is configured to press the support bar (10) against the limit groove (9). 5. Device for automatically switching cutters for planing grooves according to any item from paragraphs. 2-4, characterized in that it also includes a connecting plate (12); the connecting plate (12) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (2) on one side and the rack (8) on the other side. 6. A device for automatically switching cutters for planing grooves according to claim 5, characterized in that the connecting plate (12) is made with an oval hole and is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft (2) using a bolt passing through the oval hole. 7. A cutting machine, including a frame (13) and a device of cutters for planing grooves, and has several pairs of devices of cutters for planing grooves, symmetrically installed on both sides of the bed (13), characterized in that a device is adopted as a device of cutters for planing grooves automatic switching of cutters for planing grooves according to any item from paragraphs. 1-6, and the support (1) is fixedly fixed to the frame (13). 8. The machine according to claim 7, characterized in that it also includes a pushing device, which includes a pushing element (14); wherein the pushing element (14) is fixedly mounted on the frame (13) and connected by its retractable end to the support (1). 9. The machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the pushing device also includes a guide plate (15) and a guide rod (16); wherein the guide plate (15) is fixedly mounted on the frame (13) and is equipped with a guide hole for passing the guide rod (16), and the guide rod (16) is fixedly fixed at one end in the support (1).

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