JP2020062729A - Cutting edge replaceable cutter, and cutter body of cutting edge replaceable cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

To perform corner change and replacement of a cutting insert while mounting a cutter body on a machine tool.SOLUTION: Cutting inserts 3 are detachably mounted on a plurality of insert mounting seats 2 disposed on a tip outer periphery of a cutter body 1 which is rotated in a cutter rotation direction around an axial line O. The cutter body 1 comprises a cutting insert attaching/detaching mechanism 4 which mounts two or more cutting inserts 3 of the cutting inserts 3 of the plurality of insert mounting seats 2, and includes: an attaching/detaching screw 9 screwed into the tip surface; a tip part movable plate 10 and a rear end part movable plate 11 engaged with the attaching/detaching screw 9 so as to be integrally advanceable/retractable; a wedge member 5 disposed at the tip side of the rear end part movable plate 11, formed with a wedge surface facing the bottom of the insert mounting seat 2, and capable of being abutted on an end face 11b directing the tip side of the rear end part movable plate 11; and an elastic member 8 elastically pressing the wedge member 5 to the rear end side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting edge replaceable cutter in which cutting inserts are removably attached to a plurality of insert mounting seats provided on the outer periphery of the tip end portion of a disk-shaped cutter body, and particularly to a cutting method for mounting these cutting inserts on the insert mounting seats. The present invention relates to a cutting edge replaceable cutter having an insert attaching / detaching mechanism, and a cutter body of the cutting edge exchangeable cutter.

  As a cutting edge exchange type cutter having such a cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism, for example, in Patent Document 1, a wedge surface is formed at the tip end, which has a wedge surface facing the bottom surface of each insert mounting seat facing the circumferential direction of the cutter body. A member and an elastic member such as a coil spring that elastically presses a shaft portion extending from the tip end portion of the wedge member to the rear end side of the cutter body toward the rear end side of the cutter body is described. .

  In the cutting edge replaceable cutter described in Patent Document 1, the cutting insert seated on the plurality of insert mounting seats is attached by the wedge surface of the wedge member that is pressed to the rear end side of the cutter body by the elastic member. The cutting insert is fixed to the insert mounting seat by pressing it against the bottom surface of the seat.

  Further, in the cutting edge exchange type cutter described in Patent Document 1, the cutting insert is rotated or inverted to replace the cutting edge used for cutting, and the cutting insert is reattached to the insert mounting seat to change corners, When exchanging the cutting insert itself where all cutting edges are used, the rear end of the wedge member shaft is pressed against the tip side of the cutter body by a lever against the pressing force of the elastic member. , Remove the cutter body and press the rear end of the shaft part to the annular support, or press the rear end of the shaft part to the disk of the machine tool with the cutter body attached to the main shaft of the machine tool. By pushing the wedge member toward the tip side of the cutter body, the cutting insert can be rotated with the insert mounting seat or can be detached from the insert mounting seat. There.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,616,507

  However, in the cutting edge exchange type cutter described in Patent Document 1, as described above, the rear end of the shaft portion of the wedge member is pressed against the tip side of the cutter body by the lever, or the rear end of the shaft portion of the wedge member is used. When pushing out the wedge member to the tip side of the cutter body by pressing the part against the disk of the machine tool, corner change only one cutting insert attached to each insert mounting seat of the cutter body. It cannot be attached or detached.

  On the other hand, when pushing out the wedge member toward the tip side of the cutter body by pressing the rear end portion of the shaft portion of the wedge member with the annular support base, the cutter body must be removed from the spindle of the machine tool. Therefore, in the cutting edge exchange type cutter described in Patent Document 1, two or more cutting inserts attached to a plurality of insert mounting seats of the cutter body, for example, all the cutting inserts, the cutter body is the spindle of the machine tool. It is not possible to change or replace the corner while it is attached to the.

  The present invention has been made under such a background, and the corner change of two or more cutting inserts mounted on a plurality of insert mounting seats, especially all the cutting inserts, while the cutter body is mounted on the machine tool. It is an object of the present invention to provide a blade-exchangeable cutter that can be replaced or replaced.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve such an object, the present invention provides a plurality of inserts on the outer periphery of the tip end portion of a disk-shaped cutter body around the axis rotated in the cutter rotation direction around the axis. A cutting edge exchangeable cutter in which mounting seats are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction, and cutting inserts are removably mounted on these insert mounting seats, wherein the insert mounting seat is a bottom surface facing the circumferential direction of the cutter body. In addition, the cutter body is equipped with a cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism that presses the cutting insert against the bottom surface to attach the cutting insert to the insert mounting seat, and the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism is screwed into the central portion of the tip end surface of the cutter body. And an attaching / detaching screw that can move forward / backward in the axial direction, and an engaging / disengaging screw and the screw can move in the axial direction integrally. At the same time, the tip moving plate that is slidable in the circumferential direction of the cutter body with respect to the attaching / detaching screw and is not rotated with respect to the cutter body is connected to the tip moving plate in the axial direction. And a rear end moving plate having an annular plate shape that extends to the outer peripheral side of the rear end of the cutter body that can be integrally advanced and retracted, and a front end side of the rear end moving plate on the outer peripheral side of the cutter body. A wedge surface, which is arranged so as to be movable back and forth in the axial direction and faces the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat and faces the circumferential direction of the cutter body, is formed at the tip portion, and the rear end portion that has advanced to the tip side is formed. A plurality of insert mounts, each of which is provided with a wedge member whose rear end is capable of abutting against an end face of the outer peripheral portion of the moving plate, the rear end of which is abuttable, and an elastic member which elastically presses the wedge member toward the rear end. Double attached to the seat Out of the cutting insert, two or more cutting inserts is characterized in that it is attached by the cutting insert removal mechanism.

  Further, the cutter body of the blade-exchangeable cutter of the present invention is the cutter body of the blade-exchangeable cutter configured as described above, and is two of the plurality of cutting inserts attached to the plurality of insert mounting seats. The cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism is detachably attached to the cutting insert.

  In the cutting edge replaceable cutter and the cutter body of the cutting edge replaceable cutter configured in this way, the cutting insert attachment / detachment mechanism has a detachable screw that is screwed into the central portion of the tip end surface of the cutter body and can be advanced and retracted in the axial direction, and the attachment / detachment screw. A tip moving plate that engages with the screw in the axial direction and is integrally movable back and forth, and that is slidable with respect to the detachable screw in the circumferential direction of the cutter body and is not rotated with respect to the cutter body. The front end moving plate is provided with an annular plate-shaped rear end moving plate that is connected to the axial direction and is capable of advancing and retreating integrally with the cutter body, and the rear end moving plate extends to the outer peripheral side of the cutter main body. When it is moved back and forth in the axial direction with respect to the cutter body by being rotated, the leading end moving plate and the trailing end moving plate are moved forward and backward together with the detachable screw without rotating with respect to the cutter body.

  Therefore, of the wedge members that press and fix the cutting inserts attached to the plurality of insert mounting seats to the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat, the rear end movements of the rear end portions of two or more wedge members are advanced to the front end side. If it is possible to contact the end face of the outer peripheral part of the plate that faces the tip side, two or more of these can be done by rotating the detachable screw from the tip side of the cutter body with the cutting edge replaceable cutter attached to the spindle of the machine tool. It is possible to change or replace two or more cutting inserts attached by the wedge member.

  Therefore, if the rear end of all wedge members provided in the cutter body can be brought into contact with the end face facing the front end side of the rear end moving plate, a plurality of cutting attachments attached to a plurality of insert mounting seats of the cutter body All of the inserts can be attached by the cutting insert attachment / detachment mechanism, and corner change or replacement can be performed while the cutter body is attached to the spindle of the machine tool.

  Here, the wedge surface of the wedge member is provided with a cutting insert holding member that presses the cutting insert against the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat with a pressing force smaller than the pressing force of the elastic member, thereby rotating the removable screw. By moving the leading end moving plate and the trailing end moving plate forward to the tip side of the cutter body, when the pressing of the cutting insert by the wedge member is released, the cutting insert with this pressing released is released from the insert mounting seat. It can be prevented from falling off.

  Further, by elastically pressing the wedge member toward the rear end side in the axial direction by the plurality of elastic members, even if the pressing force by each elastic member is small, the wedge member can be reliably moved in the axial rearward direction. It is possible to fix the cutting insert by pressing it to the end side, and it is also possible to adjust the pressing force by changing the number of elastic members according to the pressing force.

  Further, the end surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate facing the front end side is a plane perpendicular to the axis, and the wedge member has a shaft extending from the front end portion having the wedge surface to the rear end side. And a plate-shaped receiving member extending in the direction perpendicular to the axis is attached to the rear end of the shaft, and the rear end of the elastic member is attached to the front end surface of the receiving member facing the front end. By abutting, it is elastically pressed to the rear end side, and the rear end face facing the rear end side of the receiving member is advanced toward the front end toward the front end side of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate. When the rear end surface of the receiving member is not in contact with the end surface facing the front end side of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate, the wedge at the front end of the wedge member is possible. Opposite to the circumferential direction of the cutter body whose surface faces When the cutting insert is released from pressing, the rear end moving plate moves forward and comes into contact with the rear end surface of the receiving member, so that the wedge member is inclined due to the inclination of the rear end surface. Since it can be tilted away from the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat, a clearance between the wedge surface and the cutting insert can be secured, and the corner change or replacement of the cutting insert can be easily performed.

  Further, a mounting hole is formed in the cutter body so as to penetrate from the front end surface of the front end moving plate to the rear end surface of the cutter body, and a mounting bolt inserted through the mounting hole is attached to a spindle of a machine tool of an arbor. When the cutter body is rotated around the axis by screwing into the tip, cover the opening of the attachment hole opened in the tip surface of the tip moving plate with the attachment hole seal plate. As a result, it is possible to prevent a situation in which chips and the like enter the cutter body from the opening portion of the attachment hole that is open to the tip side of the cutter body, and the rotation operation of the attachment / detachment screw is hindered.

  Further, by interposing a bearing between the attachment / detachment screw and the tip end moving plate, the attachment / detachment screw, the tip end moving plate and the rear end are rotated against the pressing force of the elastic member by rotating the attachment / detachment screw. The force required to rotate the attachment / detachment screw can be reduced when advancing the part moving plate to release the pressing of the cutting insert against the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat by the wedge member.

  As described above, according to the present invention, two or more cutting inserts mounted on a plurality of insert mounting seats of the cutter body, particularly all cutting inserts, are cornered while the cutting edge replaceable cutter is mounted on the machine tool. It is possible to change or replace, and it is possible to easily perform corner changing work and replacement work of these cutting inserts in a short time.

It is the perspective view seen from the rear end side of the cutter body in the state where the cutting insert showing one embodiment of the present invention was pressed and fixed. It is the perspective view which looked at the embodiment shown in Drawing 1 from the tip side of a cutter body. It is the top view which looked at the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 from the rear end side of a cutter main body. It is the bottom view which looked at the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 from the front end side of a cutter main body. It is a side view of the arrow A direction in FIG. It is a side view of the arrow B direction in FIG. It is CC sectional drawing in FIG. It is the 1st partial fracture perspective view which saw the embodiment shown in Drawing 1 from the back end side of a cutter body. It is the 2nd partial fracture perspective view which saw the embodiment shown in Drawing 1 from the rear end side of a cutter body. It is DD sectional drawing in FIG. FIG. 4 is an EE sectional view in FIG. 3 showing a state in which the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is attached to a spindle of a machine tool via an arbor. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the CC cross section in FIG. 3 in a state in which the pressing of the cutting insert is released. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the DD cross section in FIG. 3 in a state where pressing of the cutting insert is released. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the EE cross section in FIG. 3 in a state where pressing of the cutting insert is released. It is a top view of the cutter main body in the state where the cutting insert attachment / detachment mechanism in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is not attached. FIG. 16 is a bottom view of the cutter body shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 16 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 15. FIG. 16 is a side view as seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 15. It is the front view which saw the cutting insert and wedge member of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 from the cutter rotation direction. FIG. 20 is a left side view in FIG. 19 (a side view seen from the inner peripheral side of the cutter body). FIG. 20 is a right side view (a side view seen from the outer peripheral side of the cutter body) in FIG. 19. It is the top view seen from the rear end side of the cutter main body in FIG. It is the bottom view seen from the front end side of the cutter main body in FIG. FIG. 20 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 19.

  1 to 14 show an embodiment of a cutting edge replaceable cutter and a cutter body of the cutting edge replaceable cutter of the present invention, and FIGS. 15 to 18 show a cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism of this embodiment. FIG. 19 to FIG. 24 show a cutting insert and a wedge member attached to the cutter main body in a state where the cutter main body is not present. In the present embodiment, the cutting insert is formed of a hard material such as cemented carbide into a polygonal plate shape, and the components of the cutting edge replaceable cutter other than this cutting insert are generally formed of a metal material such as steel.

  The cutter body 1 is formed in a disk shape with the axis O as the center as shown in FIGS. 15 to 18, and the rear end portion (upper side portion in FIGS. 17 and 18) has a tip portion (FIGS. 17 and 18). 11) is a disk shape having a diameter one step smaller than that of the lower part), and a rear end surface thereof is provided with a key groove 1a into which a key provided at the tip of the arbor R is fitted, as shown in FIG. It is set to 1A.

  Further, a portion closer to the tip than the mounting portion 1A is a disk-shaped large-diameter portion 1B having the largest outer diameter in the cutter body 1, and the cutter body 1 further tip than the large-diameter portion 1B. The front end portion of is a cutting edge portion 1C in which a plurality (10 in the present embodiment) of insert mounting seats 2 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the cutter body 1 of such a cutting edge replaceable cutter has the mounting portion 1A mounted on the tip of the arbor R and mounted on the spindle S of the machine tool via the arbor R. The work piece is cut by the cutting insert 3 attached to the insert mounting seat 2 of the cutting edge portion 1C while being rotated in the cutter rotation direction T about the axis O along with the rotation of the main shaft S.

  In the present embodiment, the cutting insert 3 is formed in a regular heptagonal plate shape as shown in FIGS. 19 to 24, and the cutting insert 3 is formed at the center of two side surfaces forming the regular heptagon. The through hole 3a penetrating therethrough is opened, and the periphery of the opening of the through hole 3a on these two side surfaces is a flat surface parallel to each other, and the thickness between these flat surfaces is the thickest in the cutting insert 3. Is being done. Further, a cutting edge 3b is formed at each side edge portion of a regular heptagon formed by the two side surfaces of the cutting insert 3.

  The insert mounting seat 2 to which such a cutting insert 3 is attached is a flat bottom surface 2a that is slightly inclined in the opposite direction to the cutter rotation direction T as it faces the cutter rotation direction T toward the tip side of the cutter body 1. And a wall surface extending from the bottom surface 2a toward the cutter rotation direction T and facing the tip end side of the cutter body 1 and a wall surface facing the outer peripheral side of the cutter body 1.

  On such an insert mounting seat 2, the cutting insert 3 makes the flat surface of one of the two side surfaces adhere to the bottom surface 2a, and also makes one of the seven peripheral surfaces between the two side surfaces. The peripheral surface is brought into contact with the wall surface of the insert mounting seat 2 facing the tip side of the cutter body 1, and the other peripheral surface is brought into contact with the wall surface facing the outer peripheral side of the cutter body 1 to be seated.

  The wedge member 5 of the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism 4 in the present embodiment for pressing and fixing the seated cutting insert 3 in this manner, as shown in FIGS. 19 to 24, has its tip portion (FIGS. 19 to 21, FIG. 24 is a wedge portion 5a, and a portion on the rear end side (upper side in FIGS. 19 to 21 and FIG. 24) of the wedge portion 5a has a columnar shape centered on the wedge center line L. It is the shaft portion 5b. Further, a male screw portion 5c coaxial with the shaft portion 5b and having a smaller diameter than the shaft portion 5b is formed at the rear end portion of the wedge member 5 on the rear end side of the shaft portion 5b.

  The side surface of the wedge portion 5a facing the cutter rotation direction T is formed in a substantially ½ convex cylindrical surface having a diameter larger than that of the shaft portion 5b and centered on the wedge center line L. On the other hand, the side surface of the wedge portion 5a, which is opposite to the side surface and faces the side opposite to the cutter rotation direction T, has a planar shape that slightly inclines toward the opposite side of the cutter rotation direction T toward the tip side of the wedge member 5. The wedge surface 5d faces the bottom surface 2a of the insert mounting seat 2 and the side surface of the cutting insert 3 seated on the insert mounting seat 2 in the cutter rotation direction T. The wedge surface 5d is the center of the wedge. The inclination angle formed with respect to the line L is set to be substantially equal to the inclination angle formed by the bottom surface 2a of the insert mounting seat 2 with respect to a straight line parallel to the axis O of the cutter body 1.

  Further, the wedge portion 5a of the wedge member 5 is formed on its rear end side with a female screw hole extending perpendicularly to the wedge surface 5d and intersecting the wedge center line L so as to penetrate the wedge portion 5a. A ball plunger is screwed and attached to the female screw hole as the cutting insert holding member 5e in the present embodiment.

  That is, the cutting insert holding member 5e is directed to the inner peripheral portion of a bottomed cylindrical holding member main body having an outer peripheral surface formed with a male screw portion that can be screwed into the female screw hole, and is directed toward the bottom portion of the inner peripheral portion. In this order, the elastic member in a compressed state such as a coil spring and the metal ball are inserted while being prevented from coming off. The metal ball projects from the wedge surface 5d of the wedge portion 5a, and the cutting insert 3 is fixed. In the state, it can be brought into contact with the flat surface of the two side surfaces facing the cutter rotation direction T, or the peripheral edge of the opening of the through hole 3a on the inner periphery thereof.

  Such a wedge member 5 is a wedge-shaped wedge portion attachment portion formed on the insert rotation seat T side of the insert attachment seat 2 so as to open to the tip end surface and outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1 and the insert attachment seat 2 side. The wedge portion 5a is housed in the shaft portion 6a, and the shaft portion 5b is inserted into the shaft portion insertion hole 6b formed in the bottom surface of the wedge portion mounting portion 6a (the surface facing the tip end side of the cutter body 1) to form an axis line. It is attached to the cutter body 1 so that it can move back and forth in the O direction.

  The inner wall surface of the wedge mounting portion 6a on the cutter rotation direction T side has a center line substantially parallel to the axis O of the cutter body 1 and has an inner diameter such that the side surface of the wedge portion 5a facing the cutter rotation direction T is slidable. It is formed into a substantially ½ concave cylindrical surface. The shaft portion insertion hole 6b has a circular cross section coaxial with the inner wall surface of the wedge portion mounting portion 6a on the cutter rotation direction T side, and has an inner diameter into which the shaft portion 5b of the wedge member 5 can be fitted.

  Further, on the rear end surface of the large diameter portion 1B of the cutter body 1, a plurality of elastic member accommodating holes 1b each having a circular cross section and having a center line parallel to the axis O with equal inner diameters and depths are formed. They are formed on the circumference of a circle having a radius equal to the radius from the axis O to the center line of the shaft portion insertion hole 6b, and are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, a plurality of three elastic member accommodating holes 1b are formed for each insert mounting seat 2, so that the total number of these elastic member accommodating holes 1b is 30. The inner diameter of each elastic member accommodation hole 1b is larger than the inner diameter of the shaft portion insertion hole 6b.

  The three elastic member accommodation holes 1b for each one of the insert mounting seats 2 are arranged such that the circumferentially adjacent elastic member accommodation holes 1b have equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, rather than the intervals of the three elastic member accommodating holes 1b for each of the equalized one insert mounting seats 2, the elasticity adjacent to the three elastic member accommodating holes 1b of the other one insert mounting seat 2 in the circumferential direction. The space between the member accommodating holes 1b is slightly increased.

  The shaft portion insertion hole 6b has a bottom surface of the elastic member accommodating hole 1b at the center in the circumferential direction among the three elastic member accommodating holes 1b for each one of these insert mounting seats 2 (the rear end side of the cutter body 1 is directed). The shaft portion 5b of the wedge member 5 inserted into the shaft portion insertion hole 6b projects into the central elastic member housing hole 1b along the above center line, and As shown in FIG. 8 and the like, the male screw portion 5c at the rear end of the shaft portion 5b projects toward the rear end side of the cutter body 1 rather than the rear end surface of the large diameter portion 1B.

  Further, the male screw portion 5c of the wedge member 5 projecting from the rear end surface of the large-diameter portion 1B of the cutter body 1 is provided with a plate-shaped receiving member 7 extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis O as shown in FIG. It is installed. The receiving member 7 is formed in a circular arc plate shape with the axis O as the center, and in the circumferential direction, the opening portions of the three elastic member accommodating holes 1b are provided for each one of the insert mounting seats 2 as one receiving member 7. Are arranged so as to cover.

  In such a receiving member 7, the male screw portion 5c is inserted into a through hole formed in the central portion in the circumferential direction, and the tip surface (bottom surface) of the receiving member 7 facing the tip side of the cutter body 1 is the shaft portion 5b. The nut 5f is screwed into the male screw portion 5c after being brought into contact with the step portion between the male screw portion 5c and the male screw portion 5c, so that the male screw portion 5c is attached to the wedge member 5. The tip surface (bottom surface) of the receiving member 7 facing the tip side of the cutter body 1 is a flat surface perpendicular to the axis O when the cutting insert 3 is fixed to the insert mounting seat 2.

  On the other hand, on the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7 facing the rear end side of the cutter body 1, a notch 7b having an L-shaped cross section is formed at a corner portion on the side opposite to the cutter rotation direction T. The cutting insert 3 is fixed to the insert mounting seat 2, the rear end surface 7a extends toward the tip side of the cutter body 1 from the cutout 7b in the cutter rotation direction T. It is slightly inclined to. In this state, the inclination angle θ of the rear end surface 7a with respect to the plane perpendicular to the axis O is, for example, about 0.5 °. That is, the receiving member 7 is formed so as to be slightly thinner in the cutter rotation direction T, excluding the notch 7b.

  Further, an elastic member 8 such as a coil spring that elastically presses the receiving member 7 toward the rear end side of the cutter body 1 is accommodated in the elastic member accommodating hole 1b in a compressed state. The receiving member 7 is pressed toward the rear end side of the cutter body 1 by the pressing force when the 8 is extended. In this embodiment, the elastic member 8 is housed in all the three elastic member housing holes 1b for each one insert mounting seat 2, and the elastic member 8 is a coil spring of the elastic member housing hole 1b at the center in the circumferential direction. The shaft portion 5b of the wedge member 5 is inserted through the hollow portion at the center. The pressing force of the elastic member of the cutting insert holding member 5e is smaller than the pressing force of the elastic member 8 housed in each elastic member housing hole 1b.

  In addition, in the cutting edge attachment / detachment mechanism and the cutting insert attachment / detachment mechanism 4 in the cutter body 1 of the present embodiment, the attachment / detachment screw 9 that is screwed into the central portion of the tip end surface of the cutter body 1 and is capable of advancing and retracting in the direction of the axis O; It is engaged with the attachment / detachment screw 9 in the direction of the axis O so as to be integrally movable back and forth, and is slidable with respect to the attachment / detachment screw 9 in the circumferential direction of the cutter body 1 and is not rotated with respect to the cutter body 1. The tip end moving plate 10 and the annular plate-like rear end movement that projects to the outer peripheral side of the rear end of the cutter body 1 that is connected to the tip end moving plate 10 in the direction of the axis O and is capable of advancing and retracting integrally. And a plate 11.

  Here, a concave portion 1c having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the mounting portion 1A and having a stepwise recess in a circular cross section is formed in the central portion of the tip surface of the cutter body 1, and the bottom surface of the concave portion 1c (of the cutter body 1) is formed. A screw hole is formed in the center of the surface (facing the tip side), and the attachment / detachment screw 9 is screwed into this screw hole from the tip side of the cutter body 1 coaxially with the axis O. The attaching / detaching screw 9 has a tip shaft portion 9b having a diameter one step smaller than the male screw portion 9a screwed into the screw hole. The tip surface of the tip shaft portion 9b has, for example, a hexagonal cross section around the axis O. The polygonal engagement hole 9c is formed.

  An annular groove 9d is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip shaft portion 9b of the attachment / detachment screw 9 and has a rectangular cross section along the axis O and is recessed toward the inner peripheral side. Further, a concave hole 9e having a circular cross section is formed on the rear end surface of the attaching / detaching screw 9, and the concave hole 9e communicates with a through hole 1d formed around the axis O in the mounting portion 1A of the cutter body 1. ing. However, the inner diameter of the concave hole 9e is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 1d.

  The tip portion moving plate 10 is formed in an annular plate shape, the inner peripheral portion of which can be slidably contacted with the outer peripheral portion of the tip shaft portion of the attaching / detaching screw 9, and the outer peripheral portion thereof is the inner peripheral portion of the concave portion 1c of the cutter body 1. It is possible to make sliding contact with the part. Further, from the front end surface of the front end moving plate 10 to the rear end surface of the mounting portion 1A of the cutter body 1, mounting holes 10a and 1e communicating with each other and penetrating in the direction of the axis O avoid the key groove 1a of the mounting portion 1A. In this way, a plurality (four in the present embodiment) are formed in the circumferential direction. Of these, the attachment holes 1e of the cutter body 1 are stepped holes with a large diameter on the tip side, and the tip portion moving plate 10 is provided. The mounting hole 10a has an inner diameter equal to the large diameter portion of the mounting hole 1e of the cutter body 1.

  Further, two engaging members 10b in the shape of a half annular plate are slidably fitted into the annular groove 9d of the attaching / detaching screw 9 so as to form a substantially annular shape. An annular plate-shaped mounting hole seal plate 10c is disposed on the outer peripheral portion, and the engaging member 10b and the mounting hole seal plate 10c are the front end surface of the tip end moving plate 10 (the surface facing the front end side of the cutter body 1). ) Is bolted to. The mounting hole seal plate 10c is arranged so as to cover the opening on the front end side of the mounting hole 10a of the front end moving plate 10.

  In this way, the engaging member 10b is slidably fitted into the annular groove 9d, so that the distal end moving plate 10 is irrespective of whether the detachable screw 9 is screwed in or rotated with respect to the cutter body 1 when loosening the screw. As described above, it does not rotate with respect to the cutter body 1 and engages with the attachment / detachment screw 9 in the direction of the axis O so that the cutter body 1 can integrally move forward and backward.

  It should be noted that the inner peripheral portion of the rear end surface of the front end moving plate 10 (the surface facing the rear end side of the cutter body 1) has an L-shaped cross section with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the male screw portion 9a of the attaching / detaching screw 9. Shaped notches are formed. A bearing 10d such as a thrust bearing is interposed between a surface of the notch facing the rear end side of the cutter body 1 and a surface of the detachable screw 9 facing the front end side of the male screw portion 9a.

  Further, the rear end moving plate 11 is formed in an annular plate shape having an inner peripheral portion slidably in contact with the outer peripheral portion of the mounting portion 1A of the cutter body 1, and the inner peripheral portion has a cutter. A plurality of stepped through holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in parallel with the axis O having a larger diameter on the rear end side of the main body 1. On the other hand, on the outer peripheral portion of the tip end moving plate 10, at a position beyond the outer diameter of the mounting portion 1A of the cutter body 1, the through hole of the rear end moving plate 11 is equal to the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the cutter body 1. At the position, a plurality of stepped through holes, which are also parallel to the axis O and whose tip side of the cutter body 1 has a larger diameter by one step, are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  Further, the large-diameter portion 1B of the cutter body 1 also has through-holes having a constant inner diameter parallel to the axis O at the same positions in the radial direction and the circumferential direction as the through-holes of the front end moving plate 10 and the rear end moving plate 11. A plurality are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A cylindrical connecting stay 12 having female screw portions formed at the inner peripheral portions of both ends is slidably fitted in each through hole of the cutter body 1 in the direction of the axis O. From the tip end side of the cutter body 1, the mounting bolts inserted into the stepped through holes of the tip end moving plate 10 are screwed into the female screw portions of both ends of the stay 12, and from the rear end side of the cutter body 1. The front end moving plate 10 and the rear end moving plate 11 can be integrally moved back and forth in the axis O direction by screwing the mounting bolts inserted into the stepped through holes of the rear end moving plate 11.

  Further, the outer diameter of the rear end moving plate 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the large diameter portion 1B of the cutter body 1, and the outermost peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate 11 has a cylindrical shape centered on the axis O. Therefore, it is fitted into the rear end side of the outer peripheral portion of the large diameter portion 1B. Further, the front end surface (the surface facing the front end side of the cutter body 1) of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate 11 is recessed toward the rear end side of the cutter main body 1 with respect to the front end surface of the inner peripheral portion so that the axis O An accommodating groove 11a having a rectangular cross section is formed in an annular shape around the axis O, and the accommodating groove 11a has a width in the radial direction of the cutter body 1 that can accommodate the receiving member 7. There is.

  Furthermore, the bottom surface of the accommodation groove 11a, that is, the end surface 11b facing the front end side of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate 11 is a flat surface perpendicular to the axis O, and in the present embodiment, the entire circumference around the axis O. The positions are set to be equal to each other in the direction of the axis O. Further, the depth of the accommodation groove 11a to the end surface 11b in the direction of the axis O is when the attaching / detaching screw 9, the leading end moving plate 10, and the trailing end moving plate 11 are integrally advanced to the leading end side as described later. In addition, the depth is such that it can contact the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7. The end surface 11b of the accommodation groove 11a is formed with a recess for accommodating the male screw portion 5c and the nut 5f of the wedge member 5 protruding from the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7.

  In the blade tip exchange type cutter configured as described above, with the mounting hole seal plate 10c removed, the key groove 1a on the rear end surface of the mounting portion 1A of the cutter body 1 is fitted with a key (not shown) on the front end surface of the arbor R. While being inserted, a cylindrical protrusion (not shown) located at the center of the key of the arbor R is fitted into the through hole 1d at the center of the rear end face of the arbor R so that it is positioned in the radial direction and the circumferential direction with respect to the axis O. .

  Then, as shown in FIG. 14, the attachment bolts 13 inserted into the attachment holes 10a, 1e from the tip side are screwed into the tip portion of the arbor R, so that the cutter body 1 has the tip portion of the arbor R as shown in FIG. Attached to. Further, by attaching the attachment hole seal plate 10c to cover the opening of the attachment hole 10a of the tip end moving plate 10 and attaching the arbor R to the spindle S of the machine tool as shown in FIG. It is rotatably supported around the O in the cutter rotation direction T.

  When cutting is to be performed by the cutting edge 3b of the cutting insert 3 in the state of being attached to the spindle S of the machine tool in this way, a work tool such as a hexagon wrench is engaged with the engaging hole 9c to attach and detach the screw 9 The cutter body 1 is retracted to the rear end side by screwing. As a result, the front end moving plate 10 that is integrally movable with the attachment / detachment screw 9 in the direction of the axis O and the rear end moving plate 11 that is connected to the front end moving plate 10 via the connecting stay 12 are retracted. Then, the end surface 11b of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate 11 facing the front end side is positioned closer to the rear end side of the cutter body 1 than the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7.

  As a result, the receiving member 7 receives the elastic force of the elastic member 8 and is pushed toward the rear end side, and is pushed together with the wedge member 5 toward the rear end side of the cutter body 1, and the wedge surface 5d of the wedge portion 5a of the wedge member 5 is pressed. 1 presses the flat surface of the side surface of the cutting insert 3 seated on the insert mounting seat 2 facing the cutter rotation direction T as described above, and the cutting insert 3 is pressed against the bottom surface 2a of the insert mounting seat 2 ~ It is fixed as shown in FIG.

  From the state in which the cutting insert 3 is pressed and fixed to the insert mounting seat 2 in this way, the cutter body 1 is attached to the spindle S on the machine tool via the arbor R as shown in FIGS. In order to release the pressing force of the cutting insert 3, contrary to the above, the attachment / detachment screw 9 is loosened to move the front end moving plate 10 and the rear end moving plate 11 forward to the front end side of the cutter body 1, The end surface 11b of the rear end moving plate 11 facing the front end side of the outer peripheral portion is brought into contact with the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7.

  Then, when the attachment / detachment screw 9 is further loosened against the pressing force of the elastic member 8, the receiving member 7 is pressed toward the tip side by the rear end moving plate 11 and pushed out together with the wedge member 5 toward the tip side of the cutter body 1. The wedge surface 5d of the wedge portion 5a of the wedge member 5 is separated from the flat surface of the side surface of the cutting insert 3 facing the cutter rotation direction T, and the pressing force of the cutting insert 3 is released. Therefore, by rotating or reversing the cutting insert 3 and seating it again, the cutting edge 3b worn by cutting is corner-changed to an unused cutting edge 3b having no wear, or all cutting edges are cut. The cutting insert 3 whose 3b is worn can be replaced.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the end surface 11b (the bottom surface of the annular housing groove 11a centering on the axis O) facing the front end side of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate 11 is a flat surface perpendicular to the axis O. Since it is arranged so as to be in the same position in the direction of the axis O over the entire circumference around the axis O, when the rear end moving plate 11 advances toward the tip side of the cutter body 1, the end surface 11b is entirely The contact member 7 comes into contact with the rear end surface 7a. Therefore, when the rear end moving plate 11 is further advanced by loosening the attachment / detachment screw 9, all corner changes and replacements of the plurality of cutting inserts 3 attached to the plurality of insert mounting seats 2 of the cutter body 1 are performed by the cutter body 1. It can be easily carried out in a short time while being attached to the spindle S of the machine tool.

  However, in the present embodiment, all of the plurality of cutting inserts 3 thus mounted on the plurality of insert mounting seats 2 of the cutter body 1 are mounted by the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism 4 to be attachable / detachable. When a cutting insert having a saray blade (wiper blade) is attached to the tip surface of the main body 1 by screwing or the like, such a cutting insert may not be attached and detached by the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism 4. Further, in some cases, the end surface 11b may be partially provided with a recess, and the particular cutting insert 3 may not be attached or detached by the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism 4.

  Further, in the present embodiment, cutting is performed on the wedge surface 5d of the wedge portion 5a of the wedge member 5 with a smaller pressing force than the pressing force of the receiving member 7 and the elastic member 8 that elastically presses the wedge member 5 to the rear end side. A cutting insert holding member 5e such as a ball plunger that presses the insert 3 against the bottom surface 2a of the insert mounting seat 2 is provided. Therefore, when the attachment / detachment screw 9 is loosened and the pressing force of the cutting insert 3 by the wedge member 5 is released, a large force is not required to rotate the cutting insert 3 or attach / detach to / from the insert mounting seat 2. It is possible to prevent the cutting insert 3 from falling off the insert mounting seat 2.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the wedge member 5 is elastically pressed toward the rear end side in the direction of the axis O by the plurality (three) of elastic members 8, and even if the pressing force of each elastic member 8 is small, cutting is performed. The insert 3 can be securely fixed. Further, since there are a plurality (three) of elastic member accommodating holes 1b for accommodating the elastic members 8, the pressing force can be adjusted by changing the elastic member 8 according to the pressing force.

  For example, when the pressing force of each elastic member 8 is large, the elastic member 8 is housed in the elastic member housing holes 1b at both ends in the circumferential direction of the three elastic member housing holes 1b, or the elastic member 8 is further pressed. When the pressure is large, the elastic member 8 may be housed in the elastic member housing hole 1b at the center in the circumferential direction. In particular, when the pressing force of the elastic member 8 is so large that the elastic member 8 only needs to be housed in the elastic member housing hole 1b at the center in the circumferential direction, three elastic members for each insert mounting seat 2 are provided. By eliminating the elastic member accommodation holes 1b at both ends of the accommodation hole 1b in the circumferential direction and narrowing the circumferential interval between the elastic member accommodation holes 1b in which the elastic members 8 are accommodated, the cutting blade 3b has multiple blades. Can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the end surface 11b of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate 11 facing the front end side is a plane perpendicular to the axis O, while the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7 contacts the end surface 11b. In the non-contact state, it is inclined at a slight inclination angle θ toward the tip side of the cutter body 1 as it goes in the cutter rotation direction T. Therefore, as the rear end moving plate 11 moves forward, the end surface 11b comes into contact with the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7 from the ridge line intersecting with the notch 7b.

  Then, when the rear end moving plate 11 further advances, the receiving member 7 is tilted around the intersecting ridge line in the direction in which the tilt angle θ becomes smaller as shown in FIG. 13, whereby the shaft portion 5b of the wedge member 5 is moved. Will bend slightly and the wedge member 5 will tilt away from the bottom surface 2a of the insert mounting seat 2, and the wedge portion 5a will be pressed in the cutter rotation direction T side. For this reason, the wedge surface 5d can also be separated from the cutting insert 3 to secure the clearance between the wedge surface 5d and the cutting insert 3, so that the corner change or replacement of the cutting insert 3 can be easily performed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the cutter body 1 is formed with mounting holes 10a and 1e which penetrate from the tip end surface of the tip end moving plate 10 to the rear end surface of the mounting portion 1A of the cutter body 1. The cutter body 1 is rotatably supported around the axis O by screwing the mounting bolt 13 inserted through 1e into the tip of the arbor R mounted on the spindle S of the machine tool.

  Then, after the mounting bolt 13 is thus inserted into the mounting holes 10a, 1e and screwed into the tip of the arbor R, in the present embodiment, the opening of the mounting hole 10a opened in the tip surface of the tip moving plate 10. By covering the mounting hole seal plate 10c with the mounting hole seal plate 10c, it is possible to prevent the chips C from entering the cutter body 1 from the opening of the mounting hole 10a as shown in FIG. It is possible to prevent a situation in which the rotation of the is blocked.

  Further, in this embodiment, a bearing 10d such as a thrust bearing is interposed between the attaching / detaching screw 9 and the tip end moving plate 10. Therefore, by rotating the attachment / detachment screw 9, in particular, the tip end moving plate 10 and the rear end moving plate 11 are advanced against the pressing force of the elastic member 8 to release the pressing of the cutting insert 3 by the wedge member 5. In this case, the force required to rotate the attaching / detaching screw 9 can be reduced, and the corner change or replacement of the cutting insert 3 can be performed more easily.

  In the present embodiment, the bottom surface 2a of the insert mounting seat 2 faces the cutter rotation direction T, and the cutting insert 3 seated on the insert mounting seat 2 is opposite to the cutter rotation direction T by the wedge member 5. The bottom surface 2a of the insert mounting seat 2 faces the side opposite to the cutter rotation direction T, and the cutting seated on the insert mounting seat 2 is oppositely fixed. The present invention can also be applied to a cutting edge exchange type cutter that fixes the insert 3 by pressing the insert 3 in the cutter rotation direction T by the wedge member 5.

1 Cutter Main Body 1A Mounting Part 1B Large Diameter Part 1C Cutting Edge Part 1b Elastic Member Housing Hole 1e Cutter Main Body 1 Mounting Hole 2 Insert Mounting Seat 2a Insert Mounting Seat 2 Bottom 3 Cutting Insert 3b Cutting Edge 4 Cutting Insert Attachment / Detachment Mechanism 5 Wedge Member 5a Wedge portion 5b Shaft portion 5c Male screw portion 5d Wedge surface 5e Cutting insert holding member 5f Nut 7 Receiving member 7a Retaining member 7 rear end surface 8 Elastic member 9 Attaching / detaching screw 9a Attaching / detaching screw 9 male screw portion 10 Tip moving plate 10a Mounting hole of tip part moving plate 10 Engaging member 10c Mounting hole Seal plate 10d Bearing 11 Rear end moving plate 11a Housing groove 11b End surface of rear end moving plate 11 facing the front end side (of the housing groove 11a Bottom)
12 connecting stay 13 mounting bolt R arbor S spindle of machine tool O axis of cutter body 1 cutter rotation direction L wedge center line θ inclination angle of the rear end surface 7a of the receiving member 7 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis O

Claims (8)

A plurality of insert mounting seats are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the tip end of the disk-shaped cutter body that is rotated around the axis in the cutter rotation direction, and the cutting insert is mounted on these insert mounting seats. Is a replaceable blade type cutter that can be detachably attached,
The insert mounting seat includes a bottom surface facing the circumferential direction of the cutter body,
The cutter body includes a cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism that presses the cutting insert against the bottom surface to attach the insert to the insert mounting seat,
The cutting insert attachment / detachment mechanism is
A detachable screw that is screwed into the central portion of the tip surface of the cutter body and is capable of advancing and retracting in the axial direction,
The attaching / detaching screw is engaged with the attaching / detaching screw in the axial direction so that the attaching / detaching screw can advance and retreat integrally with the attaching / detaching screw. A tip moving plate,
An annular plate-shaped rear end moving plate that is connected to the distal end moving plate in the axial direction and that can be integrally advanced and retracted so as to project to the outer peripheral side of the rear end of the cutter body,
A wedge surface facing the circumferential direction of the cutter body is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the cutter body so as to be capable of advancing and retracting in the axial direction on the front end side of the rear end moving plate, and facing the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat. A wedge member that is formed on the tip portion and has a rear end portion capable of abutting on the end surface facing the tip side of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate that has advanced to the tip side,
An elastic member that elastically presses the wedge member toward the rear end side,
Among the plurality of cutting inserts attached to the plurality of insert mounting seats, two or more cutting inserts are attached by the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism, and the cutting edge exchange type cutter.   The cutting edge replaceable cutter according to claim 1, wherein all of the plurality of cutting inserts mounted on the plurality of insert mounting seats are mounted by the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism.   The wedge surface of the wedge member is provided with a cutting insert holding member that presses the cutting insert against the bottom surface of the insert mounting seat with a pressing force smaller than the pressing force of the elastic member. The blade tip exchange type cutter according to claim 1 or 2.   The cutting edge exchangeable cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wedge member is elastically pressed toward the rear end side in the axial direction by the plurality of elastic members. The end face facing the tip side of the outer peripheral portion of the rear end moving plate is a plane perpendicular to the axis,
The wedge member includes a shaft portion extending from the front end portion where the wedge surface is formed to the rear end side, and a plate-shaped receiving member extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis is provided at the rear end portion of the shaft portion. The rear end surface of the receiving member, which is attached and is elastically pressed toward the rear end side by contacting the rear end of the elastic member with the front end surface facing the front end side, has a rear end surface facing the rear end side. The rear end moving plate that has advanced to the front end side can be brought into contact with the end face facing the front end side of the outer peripheral portion,
The rear end surface of the receiving member is a peripheral portion of the cutter body facing the wedge surface at the tip end of the wedge member in a state where the rear end surface of the rear end moving plate is not in contact with the end surface facing the tip end side of the outer peripheral portion. The cutting edge exchange-type cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blade is inclined so as to be directed toward a tip side as it goes to a side opposite to the direction. The cutter body is provided with a mounting hole penetrating from the tip surface of the tip moving plate to the rear end surface of the cutter body,
The cutter body is rotated around the axis by screwing the mounting bolt inserted through the mounting hole into the tip of the arbor mounted on the spindle of the machine tool,
The blade tip exchange type according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an opening portion of the attachment hole that is opened in the tip end surface of the tip end moving plate is covered with an attachment hole seal plate. cutter.   A cutting edge exchange type cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a bearing is interposed between the attaching / detaching screw and the tip end moving plate. A cutter body of the replaceable blade type cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A cutter body of a cutting edge replaceable cutter, comprising: the cutting insert attaching / detaching mechanism detachably attaching two or more cutting inserts among the plurality of cutting inserts attached to the plurality of insert mounting seats. .

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