RU2817875C1 - Section of discharge grate for device for grinding solid materials and discharge grate containing it, device for grinding solid materials and line for processing wastes of metallurgical production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: various technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a section of a discharge grate for a device for grinding solid materials and a discharge grate containing it, device for grinding of solid materials and line for processing of metallurgical production wastes. Discharge grate section for a device for grinding solid materials has an outer surface, an outer edge, an inner edge and side edges, wherein outer edge length is larger than that of inner edge, and the section is provided with through holes. Outer surface of the section has a section area A located near the outer edge, a section area C located near the inner edge, and a section area B located between the section area A and the section area C. At least 50% of through holes entering area A have width W_A and height H_A, at least 50% of through holes entering area B have width W_B and height H_B, at least 50% of through holes entering area C have width W_C and height H_C, wherein the following inequalities are satisfied: (W_A+H_A) > (W_B+H_B) (Inequality 1), (W_C+H_C) > (W_B+H_B) (Inequality 2), where values W_A, W_B, W_C, H_A, H_B, H_C are expressed in millimetres.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of metallurgical production wastes processing line, namely, in increasing the output of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder), providing the possibility of processing wastes larger than 10 mm without preliminary crushing, without the need to use a magnetic separator.

22 cl, 1 tbl, 9 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The invention relates to the field of recycling, specifically to installations for processing waste from metallurgical production. The waste consists of metal scrap and blast furnace slag with metal inclusions of different fractions, as well as having additional chemical compounds in its composition (mineral raw materials). The invention ensures complete processing of current and waste blast furnace steelmaking slag and scrap, producing pure metal and the mineral component separated from it. The invention can be used for processing other waste, such as construction waste (concrete scrap), waste from thermal power plants, waste from non-ferrous metallurgy.

State of the art

From patents RU 2373294 and RU 2373295, published on November 20, 2009, a method and line for producing briquettes for metallurgical production based on industrial waste containing oxidized iron-containing material are known, respectively. Iron ore enrichment waste is fed into a feed hopper, a vibrating feeder, a conveyor and then onto a screening facility, where the waste is separated into fractions from 0.1 mm to 2 mm, from 2 mm to 10 mm and more than 10 mm. Waste fractions from 2 mm to 10 mm are conveyed by a conveyor to a rod magnetic separator, on which ferromagnetic particles settle on the rods and, after accumulation, are automatically reloaded into a container for receiving raw materials of the briquette formation system.

The disadvantages of this line and method are the complexity of the design, the impossibility of processing waste larger than 10 mm without preliminary crushing, and the need to use a magnetic separator.

From the author's certificate SU 1167224, published on July 15, 1985, a production line for processing aluminum slag is known, containing a loading hopper with a vibrating feeder, a crusher, a vibrating dryer feeder, a drum dryer with a firebox, a belt conveyor with an electromagnetic pulley, a dryer discharge head, a ball mill, and a dust-suction air duct. , a sluice chamber valve and a pneumatic slag classification system consisting of a dust chamber with a sluice blade valve, cyclones with a sluice blade valve, a main fan, bag filters with a screw conveyor, a backflush fan and an exhaust fan. Inside the drum dryer, in the material loading area, a drum screen with a cell diameter of 0.08 m (fractions +80 mm) is installed concentrically, and in front of the screen there are reloading lifters (scoops).

A mixture of flue gases and air heated to 150-200°C is used as a coolant, which enters the dryer from the furnace. Once in the rotating drying drum, the slag is dried, further crushed and mixed, and moved along the longitudinal axis of the drum.

From the drum dryer, the slag enters a ball mill, the inner surface of the grinding chamber of which is lined with plates of non-ferromagnetic material, and the rest of it with plates of ferromagnetic material. On the outside of the mill drum, in the area of the grinding chamber with a ferromagnetic lining, there are electromagnets, the pole pieces facing the drum are installed with a gap and form an open magnetic system.

In a ball mill, the slag is further crushed, due to which the aluminum particles are completely freed from non-metallic components. At the same time, the ferromagnetic lining of the mill, magnetized by electromagnets, attracts the grinding balls to itself, preventing them from entering the unloading zone and their unloading from the mill together with the unloaded material. This is also facilitated by the lining of the grinding chamber of the mill in the area of the unloading axle, made of plates made of non-ferromagnetic material, and the absence of electromagnets in this area. Small particles of metal-aluminum concentrate of fraction +3-80 mm (final product B) from the mill enter the lower part of the dust-suction air duct and enter the belt conveyor through a sluice chamber valve, and dust-like particles are carried away by the air flow into the pneumatic slag classification system. Fine-grained metal of the +1.2 - 3.0 mm fraction settles in the dust chamber and, through a sluice blade gate, enters a belt conveyor and then, together with large metal particles (final product A) and small metal particles, final product B) enters the magnetic separation unit . The resulting aluminum concentrate is sent for remelting, and the separated ferromagnetic particles are sent to enterprises.

The disadvantages of this line are the complexity of the design, the high load on the mill from large slag measuring 80 mm, the need to use a special mill design with a ferromagnetic lining and electromagnets, as well as the need to use a magnetic separator.

From the publication of international application WO 2022066671 A1, published on March 31, 2022, a ball mill is known, consisting of two compartments separated by a partition consisting of three filters, the balls in the first compartment being smaller in size than the balls in the second compartment.

The disadvantages of this ball mill are the absence of a discharge grate and the complex design of the inter-chamber grate, the holes of which are not suitable for the passage of waste from metallurgical production, since they will quickly become clogged with a crushed mixture of mineral powder and metal flakes.

From the utility model patent RU 111028, published on December 10, 2011, a drum mill discharge grate is known, composed of sectors with holes that expand towards the material discharge in the form of slots that have, from the working surface to the non-working surface, for the thickness of the grate, a two-level longitudinal profile sections.

The disadvantages of this discharge grid are that its openings are not suitable for the passage of waste from metallurgical production, since they will quickly become clogged with a crushed mixture of mineral powder and metal particles.

From the utility model patent RU 209381, published on March 15, 2022, a drum mill discharge grate is known, containing interconnected sectors of the discharge grate in the form of metal plates, each of which has discharge slots in the form of through holes and dividers, characterized in that as The dividers use lifters equipped with transverse stiffening ribs, while the body of the unloading grid sector and the lifters with stiffening ribs are made in the form of a monolithic product.

The disadvantages of this discharge grid are that its openings are not suitable for the passage of waste from metallurgical production, since they will quickly become clogged with a crushed mixture of mineral powder and metal particles.

Disclosure of the invention

The objective of the present invention and the technical result is to increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production, which consists in increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder), as well as overcoming the disadvantages of known technical solutions, making it possible to process larger waste 10 mm without pre-crushing, no need to use a magnetic separator.

To solve the above problem and achieve a technical result, a section of the unloading grid for a device for grinding solid materials is proposed, having

outer surface, outer edge, inner edge and side edges,

and the length of the outer edge is greater than the length of the inner edge,

the section is equipped with through holes,

distinguished by the fact that

the outer surface of the section contains:

area A of the section located close to the outer edge,

area C of the section, located close to the inner edge,

a section region B located between a section region A and a section region C ;

wherein at least 50% of the through holes falling into area A have a width W _A and a height H _A ,

at least 50% of the through holes falling into area B have a width W _B and a height H _B ,

at least 50% of the through holes falling into area C have a width _WC and a height _HC ,

in this case, the conditions of the following inequalities are satisfied:

(W _A +H _A ) > (W _B +H _B ) (Inequality 1),

(W _C +H _C ) > (W _B +H _B ) (Inequality 2),

where the values _WA , W _B , _WC , _HA , H _B , _HC are expressed in millimeters.

Here, width and height refer to the maximum dimensions of the hole, measured in the plane of the section along lines perpendicular to each other, for example, as shown in the drawings. Section areas represent the notional areas of a section that fall within specified distances from the outer and inner edges.

Discharge grates are mounted at the discharge end inside the drum and prevent the removal of grinding media from it.

The presence in the above section of areas A, B, C with different sizes of holes (in the areas A and C closest to the outer and inner edges there are more holes than in the intermediate area B) makes it easier to pass through them metal particles, powder from crushed non-metallic waste, and also gas (air), which is drawn by a fan (a device for forced movement of air) from a ball mill (a device for grinding solid materials) containing a discharge grid of the indicated sections.

When assembled, these sections form a discharge grid in the form of a disk, which is fixed on the central axis. When the ball mill rotates, the material fills the mill 2/3 from the edge of the housing. Thus, when rotating, metal comes out through the holes in area A, because it is heavy and will always be on the bottom, so the holes in this area are larger than in area B to reduce the risk of metal flakes clogging the holes. Through the holes in the intermediate area B, ground slag (crushed non-metallic waste) comes out. In the area C closest to the center of the discharge grid, wider openings are made to facilitate the passage of air from the fan, which cools the mill and the ground slag and, accordingly, improves the passage of the ground slag. This design allows you to increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder), due to reducing the risk of clogging of holes.

Without this modernization, energy-efficient operation of a ball mill (a device for grinding solid materials) is impossible, because in this case the metal will accumulate inside the mill, and every two work shifts it will have to be stopped in order to unload the grinding media and metal that has not passed through the grate. This is due to the fact that the mill accumulates metal in the chamber and over the course of two shifts it gains a critical mass, at which its effective operation is impossible due to the disruption of the process and the fineness of grinding the mineral powder, and the separation of metal inclusions also deteriorates. To return to operating mode, the mill must be sifted. This significantly slows down the production process and increases energy consumption for production, since one start of the mill consumes the same amount of electricity as the same mill for 4 hours of its operation.

Preferably, the boundary of section region A is at a distance of 0.2R-0.5R, preferably 0.3R-0.4R, from the outer edge,

the boundary of area C of the section is at a distance of 0.1R-0.4R, preferably 0.15R-0.3R, from the inner edge,

where R is the shortest distance from the outer edge to the inner edge of the section.

The above are the most preferred distances for placing the boundaries of areas A, B and C, which can further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder), due to reducing the risk of clogging holes.

In the preferred embodiment, the following inequalities are met:

W _A > W _B (Inequality 3),

W _C > W _B (Inequality 4),

H _A > H _B (Inequality 5),

H _C > H _B (Inequality 6).

Preferably, at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably 100% of the through holes falling into area A have a width W _A and a height H _A ,

at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably 100% of the through holes falling into area B have a width W _B and a height H _B ,

at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably 100% of the through holes falling into region C have a width _WC and a height _HC .

The above design additionally makes it possible to increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder), due to reducing the risk of clogging of holes.

Preferably, the width W _A and the width W _C are 9-22 mm, preferably 10-22 mm, more preferably 18-22 mm, more preferably 20-22 mm,

the height H _A and the height H _C are 50-250 mm, preferably 70-150 mm, more preferably 80-100 mm, more preferably 85-87 mm.

The above design additionally makes it possible to increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder), due to reducing the risk of clogging of holes.

In a preferred embodiment, the through holes have at least one axis of symmetry, which is located at an angle of 0-15°, preferably at an angle of 0-10°, more preferably at an angle of 0-5° with respect to the axis of at least one adjacent through hole.

Making holes with a small spread in the angle of axis deflection will allow placing a larger number of holes in a section without losing its strength, which will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production.

Preferably, the through holes have walls that are positioned substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the discharge grid section.

The above arrangement of the holes makes it possible to make the walls of the through holes substantially parallel to the direction of movement of the material in the ball mill, which will further reduce the risk of clogging of the holes and will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production.

In a preferred embodiment, the section is configured to be connected to other sections to form a discharge grid for the solids grinding apparatus, and the through holes are generally oval, round or rounded in shape.

Also, to solve the above problem and achieve a technical result , a discharge grid for a device for grinding solid materials is proposed, containing the above sections.

Also, to solve the above problem and achieve a technical result, a device for grinding solid materials is proposed, containing a housing in which the above unloading grid is installed.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing contains two chambers separated by an inter-chamber grille,

wherein the inter-chamber grille consists of sections having an outer surface, an outer edge, an inner edge and side edges,

wherein the interchamber grille sections contain through holes having walls that are substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the interchamber grille section.

The above arrangement of the holes makes it possible to make the walls of the through holes substantially parallel to the direction of movement of the material in the ball mill, which will further reduce the risk of clogging of the holes and will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production.

In a preferred embodiment, the through holes of the inter-chamber grille have a width Wm and a height Hm,

wherein the width Wm is preferably 10-22 mm, more preferably 18-22 mm, more preferably 20-22 mm,

height Hm is 50-300 mm, preferably 100-250 mm, more preferably 150-250 mm.

The above design additionally makes it possible to increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder), due to reducing the risk of clogging of holes.

In a preferred embodiment, the through holes of the interchamber grid have at least one axis of symmetry, which is located at an angle of 0-15°, preferably at an angle of 0-10°, more preferably at an angle of 0-5° relative to the axis of at least one adjacent through holes.

Making holes with a small spread in the angle of axis deflection will allow placing a larger number of holes in a section without losing its strength, which will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production.

In a preferred embodiment, the device is a ball mill,

wherein the housing contains a first chamber and a second chamber located sequentially along the direction of movement of the solid material,

wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are separated by an inter-chamber grille,

in this case, the first chamber contains grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities:

85-95 mm - 1.3-1.7 t,

75-84 mm - 1.8-2.2 t,

65-74 mm - 2.3-2.7 t,

55-64 mm - 0.8-1.2 t,

and in the second chamber there are grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities:

45-55 mm - 2.8-3.2 t,

35-44 mm - 1.8-2.2 t.

The above-mentioned loading of grinding media will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production. The solid material grinding apparatus of the present invention may be any device known in the art that can grind solid materials, but its full potential is realized when used with a ball mill.

Preferably, the first chamber contains grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities:

90 mm - 1.5 t,

80 mm - 2 t,

70 mm - 2.5 t,

60 mm - 1 t,

and in the second chamber there are grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities:

50 mm - 3 t,

40 mm - 2 t.

The above-mentioned loading with grinding media provides the best option, which will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production.

Also, to solve the above problem and achieve a technical result, a line for processing waste from metallurgical production is proposed, containing the above device for grinding solid materials.

Preferably the line contains:

a drying drum for solid material, configured to supply solid material and heated gas into it, as well as to discharge solid material and exhaust gas into a dust settling chamber,

wherein the dust settling chamber allows the exhaust gas to be directed into the bag filter, as well as the solid material to be directed into the line for further feeding into the device for grinding solid materials,

in this case, the bag filter makes it possible to separate particles of solid material from the exhaust gas and direct them to a conveyor for return to the dust settling chamber.

The return of particles of solid material separated from the exhaust gas to the line can further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production.

In a preferred embodiment, the solids grinding device produces two products: metal particles and a powder from crushed non-metallic waste, which from the solids grinding device are fed to an inertial screen to separate the metal particles from the powder,

wherein the device for grinding solid materials is connected to a device for forcibly moving air from the device for grinding solid materials.

The device for forced air movement can be any known device from the prior art that allows you to perform the specified function, for example, a fan, a fan-exhaust fan, and so on. Improved air passage from the fan due to wider holes in the area C closest to the center of the discharge grid allows cooling of the mill and improved passage of ground slag, which can further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder).

Also, to solve the above problem and achieve a technical result, a method for processing waste from metallurgical production on the above line for processing waste from metallurgical production is proposed, including the following stages:

a) feeding solid material into a device for grinding solid materials to obtain metal particles and powder,

b) separating metal particles from the powder,

c) briquetting of metal particles using a binder.

In a preferred embodiment, before step a) the solid material is dried in a drying drum into which gas is supplied heated to 350-700°C, preferably to 550-700°C, more preferably to 680°C.

Heating solid material in a drying drum allows you to remove moisture from it, which improves the crushability of the material and will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of two target products: metal (metal flakes) and finely ground slag (mineral powder).

Preferably, after drying the solid material, the solid material is sent to a line for further feeding into the solid material grinding device, and the exhaust gas is sent to a dust settling chamber and then to a bag filter to separate particles of solid material, which are sent to the line for further feeding to the device for grinding hard materials.

In a preferred embodiment, in step a) air is forced from the solids grinding device,

and at stage b) the separation of metal particles from the powder is carried out on an inertial screen.

Due to the vibrations of the inertial screen, metal inclusions (metal particles) will come down the mesh to a place for their collection, without getting into the auger for unloading mineral powder from the ball mill and bag filters, which will further increase the productivity of the line for processing waste from metallurgical production by increasing the yield of finely ground slag (mineral powder).

Brief description of drawings

The drawings are presented for a better understanding of the invention, however, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the disclosed invention is not limited to the embodiment shown therein.

In fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a line for processing waste from metallurgical production in accordance with the present description of the invention.

In fig. 2 is a schematic view of a device for grinding solid materials in accordance with the present description of the invention.

In fig. 3 is a perspective view of a discharge grate section for a solids grinding apparatus in accordance with the present specification.

In fig. 4 is a schematic view of a discharge grate section for a solids grinding apparatus in accordance with the present disclosure.

In fig. 5 is a sectional view along line B-B of a section of the discharge grid for a device for grinding solid materials in accordance with the present description of the invention.

In fig. 6 is a perspective view of a section of an interchamber grid for a device for grinding solid materials in accordance with the present description of the invention.

In fig. 7 is a schematic view of a section of an interchamber grid for a device for grinding solid materials in accordance with the present description of the invention.

In fig. 8 is a sectional view along line AA of a section of an interchamber grid for a device for grinding solid materials in accordance with the present description of the invention.

In fig. Figure 9 shows a photograph of a line for processing waste from metallurgical production in accordance with the present description of the invention.

Carrying out the invention

As shown in FIG. 1 in the line for processing waste from metallurgical production, the incoming material with a fraction of up to 25 mm is fed into the hopper of the drying drum 2 using a front loader 1. From there, using a belt conveyor 3, it is fed into the drying drum 4 to remove physical moisture from it, which improves the crushability of the material . The temperature of the air flow is 680°C, the material at the outlet of the drying drum has a temperature of 70-80°C, with an outgoing temperature of 110-120°C.

If the material is not crushed sufficiently, metal particles remain in the slag pieces, which ultimately end up in waste.

The exhaust air is filtered in bag filters 6. Since the smallest particles of mineral material are taken with the exhaust air, a cell unloader 7 is installed in the bag filter hopper to feed the accumulated dust into the screw conveyor 8 and return it to the dust settling chamber, which increases the yield of the second target finely ground product slag. The air, cleared of dust in bag filters 6, is carried into the atmosphere using a fan-exhaust fan 9. The outlet chute of the drying drum is connected to the loading choke of the bucket elevator 10 and the discharge hole of the screw conveyor 8. The collected material flows through the bucket elevator 10 into the storage hopper of the ball mill 11, from it it is fed using a belt conveyor 12 with a belt speed regulator through the inlet neck 13 into a ball mill 14 (a device for grinding solid materials), where grinding occurs due to the impact-grinding load on the material.

Ball mill 14 contains two chambers: chamber 27 and chamber 28, which are separated by an interchamber grid 26. Chamber 28 is limited on one side by an interchamber grid 26, and on the other side by a discharge grid 25.

The unloading grid 25 consists of sections, one of which is shown in FIG. 3-5.

The discharge grate section 25 for the solid material grinding apparatus has an outer surface 25.1, an outer edge 25.2, an inner edge 25.3 and side edges 25.4 and 25.5, and the section is provided with through holes 25.6A, 25.6B, 25.6C.

The unloading grid section 25 contains:

area A of the section located close to the outer edge 25.2,

area C of the section located close to the inner edge 25.3,

area B of the section located between area A of the section and area C of the section.

The through holes 25.6A falling into region A have a width W _A of 20 mm and a height H _A of 85 mm.

The through holes 25.6B falling into region B have a width W _B of 15 mm and a height H _B of 80 mm.

The through holes 25.6C falling into region C have a width _WC of 20 mm and a height _HC of 85 mm.

The shortest distance R from the outer edge to the inner edge of the discharge grid section 25 is 520 mm.

The boundary of the section area A is at a distance L _A from the outer edge equal to 200 mm.

The boundary of the section area C is at a distance L _C from the inner edge equal to 100 mm.

Through holes 25.6A and 25.6C have an axis of symmetry that is located at an angle β _A1 equal to 2°30'' relative to the axis of the adjacent through hole.

The through holes 25.6B have an axis of symmetry that is located at an angle β _B1 with respect to the axis of the adjacent through hole. Angle β _B1 is equal to 3°12'' for holes from the row closest to the outer edge and 4° for holes from the row closest to the inner edge.

The through holes 25.6A, 25.6B, and 25.6C have walls that are substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the discharge grid section, as illustrated in FIG. 5.

The inter-chamber grille 26 consists of sections having an outer surface 26.1, an outer edge 26.2, an inner edge 26.3 and side edges 26.4 and 26.5.

The grille sections 26 include through holes 26.6 having walls that are substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the grille section, as illustrated in FIG. 8.

The through holes of the interchamber grille 26 have a width Wm equal to 20 mm and a height Hm equal to 250 mm (H _M1 ) and 153 mm (H _M2 ).

The through holes of the interchamber grille 26 have an axis of symmetry, which is located at an angle β2 relative to the axis of the adjacent through hole. The angle β2 is 5° for holes located close to the central hole and 0° for holes located away from the central hole.

In chamber 27 there are grinding media 27.1, in the chamber there are grinding media 28.1. Metal balls with different sizes ranging from 90 mm to 40 mm and steel armor plates are used as grinding media in a ball mill. The loading of the mill with grinding media in the best embodiment of the invention is as follows:

grinding media 27.1 in chamber 27 grinding media 28.1 in chamber 28 90 mm - 1.5 t,
80 mm - 2 t,
70 mm - 2.5 t,
60 mm - 1 t 50 mm - 3 t,
40 mm - 2 t.

The presence of both metallic and non-metallic components in the slag creates the effect of selective grinding, when selective grinding of the non-metallic part occurs in the deformation zone of the ball mill, and the metal part is transformed under the action of deformation forces into metal flakes up to 5 mm in size. Thanks to the formation of a ground non-metallic component, an increase in the separation of products from each other is achieved, due to the fact that the ground part of the non-metallic product forms an effective field of tangential and normal stresses in the deformation zone upon impact of the ball. During the grinding process, two products are obtained at the exit from the mill: extracted metal inclusions in the form of metal flakes and mineral powder. To separate them, an inertial screen 17 is provided, including a mesh with a hole size of 1.5 mm. The material leaving the unloading chute 15 is fed to the inertial screen 17 using a bucket elevator 16.

Due to vibrations, metal inclusions will flow down the grid to the place for their collection 18, without getting into the auger 21 for unloading mineral powder from the ball mill and bag filters 22. The production line is equipped with an air gas purification system. The system consists of a bag filter 22 and a fan-smoke exhauster 23. Air entering the ball mill 14 from the fan-smoke exhauster 23 performs two functions at once: it cools it and increases productivity due to the vacuum it creates. In bag filters 22, the air is purified from small dust particles up to 10 micromillimeters. Then the dust-cleaned air is carried away into the atmosphere using a smoke exhaust fan 23. The material that is obtained after cleaning does not need re-grinding, since its size ranges from 0.01 to 0.0001 mm, and it is unloaded using cell unloaders 20. Therefore, it is advisable to combine a bag filter hopper with an outlet flow of an inertial screen 17 using a screw conveyor 21. Next, the mineral powder enters the bucket elevator 19 for transportation to a silo and subsequent shipment 24 of ground slag, which can be used as an additive in construction, road construction, and so on.

The proposed design ensured an increase in metal extraction productivity by up to 90%.

Recycling waste from metallurgical production is an important direction for improving and developing the recycling industry. Waste-free production improves the environmental situation in industrial cities, the condition of the soil and air in dump areas, and frees up land.

The developed technological complex solves the problem of reusing recycled raw materials in other areas of industry. The task to which this invention is aimed is to create a method for processing slag and scrap, which allows the above-mentioned waste to be processed with minimal energy consumption, separating them into components, which allows the resulting metal and mineral powder to be reused in various fields of industry.

But the primary goal is to reduce the environmental load on the environment. This development uses solutions to minimize harmful impacts on the environment by using dry grinding technology without the use of water, with a filtration system for exhaust air from grinding plants. Thanks to the implementation of an exhaust air filtration system, minimal dust levels are achieved and emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere at production are greatly reduced.

The described embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other embodiments are possible without changing the essence of the invention.

Claims (74)

1. A discharge grid section for a device for grinding solid materials, having outer surface, outer edge, inner edge and side edges, and the length of the outer edge is greater than the length of the inner edge, the section is equipped with through holes, characterized in that the outer surface of the section contains: area A of the section located close to the outer edge, area C of the section, located close to the inner edge, area B of the section, located between area A of the section and area C of the section, wherein at least 50% of the through holes falling into area A have a width W _A and a height H _A , at least 50% of the through holes falling into area B have a width W _B and a height H _B , at least 50% of the through holes falling into area C have a width _WC and a height _HC , in this case, the conditions of the following inequalities are satisfied: (W _A +H _A ) > (W _B +H _B ) (Inequality 1), (W _C +H _C ) > (W _B +H _B ) (Inequality 2), where the values _WA , W _B , _WC , _HA , H _B , _HC are expressed in millimeters. 2. Section according to claim 1, characterized in that the boundary of area A of the section is at a distance of 0.2R-0.5R, preferably 0.3R-0.4R, from the outer edge, the boundary of area C of the section is at a distance of 0.1R-0.4R, preferably 0.15R-0.3R, from the inner edge, where R is the shortest distance from the outer edge to the inner edge of the section. 3. Section according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditions of the following inequalities are met: W _A > W _B (Inequality 3), W _C > W _B (Inequality 4), H _A > H _B (Inequality 5), H _C > H _B (Inequality 6). 4. Section according to claim 1, characterized in that at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably 100% of through holes falling into area A, have width W _A and height H _A , at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably 100% of the through holes entering region B have a width W _B and a height H _B , at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, more preferably 100% of the through holes falling into region C have a width _WC and a height _HC . 5. Section according to claim 1, characterized in that the width _WA and width _WC are 9-22 mm, preferably 10-22 mm, more preferably 18-22 mm, more preferably 20-22 mm, the height H _A and the height H _C are 50-250 mm, preferably 70-150 mm, more preferably 80-100 mm, more preferably 85-87 mm. 6. Section according to claim 1, characterized in that the through holes have at least one axis of symmetry, which is located at an angle of 0-15°, preferably at an angle of 0-10°, more preferably at an angle of 0-5° with respect to axis of at least one adjacent through hole. 7. Section according to claim 1, characterized in that the through holes have walls that are substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the discharge grid section. 8. The section according to claim 1, characterized in that the section is configured to be connected to other sections to form a discharge grid for a device for grinding solid materials, and the through holes have a substantially oval, round or rounded shape. 9. Discharge grid for a device for grinding solid materials, containing sections according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8. 10. A device for grinding solid materials, containing a housing in which a discharge grid according to claim 9 is installed. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the housing contains two chambers separated by an inter-chamber grille, wherein the inter-chamber grille consists of sections having an outer surface, an outer edge, an inner edge and side edges, wherein the interchamber grille sections contain through holes having walls that are substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the interchamber grille section. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the through holes of the inter-chamber grille have a width W _m and a height H _m , wherein the width W _m is preferably 10-22 mm, more preferably 18-22 mm, more preferably 20-22 mm, height H _m is 50-300 mm, preferably 100-250 mm, more preferably 150-250 mm. 13. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the through holes of the interchamber grille have at least one axis of symmetry, which is located at an angle of 0-15°, preferably at an angle of 0-10°, more preferably at an angle of 0-5° along relative to the axis of at least one adjacent through hole. 14. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the device is a ball mill, wherein the housing contains a first chamber and a second chamber located sequentially along the direction of movement of the solid material, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are separated by an inter-chamber grille, in this case, the first chamber contains grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities: 85-95 mm – 1.3-1.7 t, 75-84 mm – 1.8-2.2 t, 65-74 mm – 2.3-2.7 t, 55-64 mm – 0.8-1.2 t, and in the second chamber there are grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities: 45-55 mm – 2.8-3.2 t, 35-44 mm – 1.8-2.2 t. 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the first chamber contains grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities: 90 mm – 1.5 t, 80 mm – 2 t, 70 mm – 2.5 t, 60 mm – 1 t, and in the second chamber there are grinding media of the following sizes in the following quantities: 50 mm – 3 t, 40 mm – 2 t. 16. Line for processing waste from metallurgical production, containing a device according to any one of paragraphs. 10-15. 17. Line according to claim 16, characterized in that the line contains: a drying drum for solid material, configured to supply solid material and heated gas into it, as well as to discharge solid material and waste gas into a dust settling chamber, wherein the dust settling chamber allows the exhaust gas to be directed into the bag filter, as well as the solid material to be directed into the line for further feeding into the device for grinding solid materials, in this case, the bag filter makes it possible to separate particles of solid material from the exhaust gas and direct them to a conveyor for return to the dust settling chamber. 18. The line according to claim 17, characterized in that the device for grinding solid materials makes it possible to obtain two products: metal particles and powder from crushed non-metallic waste, which from the device for grinding solid materials are fed to an inertial screen to separate metal particles from the powder, wherein the device for grinding solid materials is connected to a device for forcibly moving air from the device for grinding solid materials. 19. A method for processing waste from metallurgical production on a line according to any one of paragraphs. 16-18, including the following stages: a) feeding solid material into a device for grinding solid materials to obtain metal particles and powder, b) separating metal particles from the powder, c) briquetting of metal particles using a binder. 20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that before stage a) the solid material is dried in a drying drum into which gas is supplied heated to 350-700°C, preferably to 550-700°C, more preferably to 680° WITH. 21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that after drying the solid material, the solid material is sent to a line for further feeding into a device for grinding solid materials, and the exhaust gas is sent to a dust settling chamber, and then to a bag filter to separate particles of solid material, which are sent into a line for further feeding into a device for grinding solid materials. 22. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that at stage a) air is forcibly moved from the device for grinding solid materials, and at stage b) separation of metal particles from the powder is carried out on an inertial screen.