RU2815381C1 - Protective assembly of handle of earth-moving machine (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to earth-moving machines, in particular to versions of a handle of an excavator working member, equipped with a protective assembly, designed to protect the lower part of the excavator handle from excessive action on it of the loose or lumpy cargo scooped up by the bucket. Protective assembly, fixed on the handle of the excavating machine working member, is made in the form of a volume pad in the form of a triangular prism, one face of which is located along the lower part of the handle, and two other faces form a ridge made with pyramidal tips located on one or both of its sides.

EFFECT: reduced pressure on lower part of handle, preservation of geometrical shape of lower part of handle and insignificant increase of its weight, increased durability of hinged joints of actuator of rotation of working element—bucket.

11 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to earth-moving machines, in particular to the handle of an excavator working body, equipped with a protective unit designed to protect the lower part of the excavator handle from excessive exposure to loose or lumpy cargo scooped up by a bucket.

The device of the Hitachi excavator handle is known, the lower part of which on the side of the bucket is equipped with a flat protective pad rigidly attached to it (Hitachi Zaxis ZX210H crawler excavator, http://www.specautopartner.ru/tehnika/opisanie/hitachi-zx210h/; A Hitachi Construction & Mining products publication., 2019, p. 6. http://themarvlandshortsalegroup.com/pdfy39034_breakout_default_spring2019_single_1r_032719.pdf).

However, this flat protective pad is not strong enough to protect the lower part of the excavator handle on the bucket side from being crushed by scooped bulk or lump material. In addition, the compression of bulk or lump material between the lower flat part of the handle and the bucket leads not only to great pressure on the lower part of the handle from the said material, but also causes significant radial loads in the hinge joints of the bucket rotation drive, which leads to their accelerated wear.

Handle devices for the Hyundai 210LC-7A and CAT 374D L excavators are also known, the lower parts of which on the bucket side are equipped with protective linings attached to them, made with stiffening ribs (https://www.basworld.com/vehicles/used/translations-translations- hyundai-2017-track-70119487#&gid=l &pid=2;

https://s7d2.scene7.com/is/content/Caterpillar/C633458, pp. 9, 12).

Known handle devices with pads for the above excavators have the following disadvantages. When the machine is operating, when the bucket turns towards the handle, the lump material falls between the stiffening ribs of the protective lining and is held by them, unable to move away from the handle. Compression of bulk or lump material between the lower part of the handle and the bucket leads to high pressure on the lower part of the handle from the said material and causes significant radial loads in the hinge joints of the bucket rotation drive, which leads to their accelerated wear. In addition, the known protective lining with stiffening ribs significantly increases the weight of the handle, which also negatively affects the operation of the excavator's working equipment.

A known handle for an excavator bucket is made with a protective unit containing a protective plate and a plurality of protective ribs placed on said plate (Russian Federation patent for the invention RU 2619478, published on May 16, 2017. Patent holder: Deere & Company (US)). Said plate is made with one or more profiles with a constant section in the front part of the plate and with a variable section leading to the front part of the plate.

However, this known device also has the disadvantages listed in the above cases, namely, when bulk or lump material is compressed between the lower part of the handle and the bucket, a lot of pressure occurs on the lower part of the handle from the side of the pressed material, which causes significant radial loads in the hinge joints of the rotation drive bucket and leads to their accelerated wear. Such a protective pad with stiffening ribs also significantly increases the weight of the handle, which negatively affects the operation of the excavator's working equipment.

A known device is the handle of an excavator bucket, the lower part of which, on the side of the bucket, is equipped with a protective lining attached to it with stiffening ribs, the outermost of which are made with bevels that allow bulk and lump material to be partially moved to the sides from the handle (Japanese patent for the invention JP 2001271371 A, publ. 2001.10.05. Patent holder: HITACHI CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY).

However, the known device has the following disadvantages. The lump material, falling between the stiffening ribs, is held by them without the possibility of moving to the side of the handle. Pressure from the material on the lower part of the handle increases the load on the handle, causing correspondingly large radial loads in the hinge joints of the bucket swing drive, which leads to their accelerated wear. The known protective lining with stiffening ribs, as in previous cases, significantly increases the weight of the handle, which negatively affects the operation of the excavator's working equipment.

Of the known technical solutions, the closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is the device of a protective unit for the handle of an excavator bucket from Tony's Engineering: Perth, Western Australia (http://tonvsengineering.com.au/pages/arm-protection.htm).

In this case, the excavator bucket handle is equipped with a protective unit containing two flat protective pads, articulated with each other and fixed in the lower part of the excavator handle with the possibility of removal. When an excavator is operating, they are the first to perceive pressure from loose or lump material and thereby protect the lower part of the handle from being pressed down. The covers can be easily removed, aligned and reinstalled.

The disadvantage of this device for the protective assembly of the handle is that under the influence of loose or lumpy material compressed between the bucket and the lower part of the handle, the planar protective linings are subject to deformation, and the specified material gets stuck in the formed depressions without the possibility of displacement to the side of the handle. As noted earlier, the compression of bulk or lump material between the lower part of the arm and the bucket leads to increased pressure on the lower part of the arm from the bucket and causes large radial loads in the hinge joints of the bucket swing drive, which leads to their accelerated wear.

The objective of the invention is to create a protective assembly for the handle of the working body of an earthmoving machine, the design of which will reduce the pressure on the lower part of the handle from the bulk or lump material pressed against it by the bucket, which will accordingly lead to a decrease in radial loads in the hinge joints of the bucket rotation drive and an increase in the service life of the worker equipment in general.

The technical result of solving the problem is to reduce the pressure on the lower part of the handle, maintain the geometric shape of the lower part of the handle and slightly increase its mass, increase the durability of the hinge joints of the rotation drive of the working body - the bucket.

The specified technical result is achieved as follows and has several options.

According to the first option, the handle of the working body of the earthmoving machine is equipped with a protective unit fixed in its lower part.

The protective unit is made in the form of a volumetric cover in the form of a triangular prism, one face of which is located along the lower part of the handle, and the other two faces form a ridge. The volumetric overlay according to the first option is made with pyramidal-shaped ends located on one or both of its sides, and the edges forming the ridge are made concave or convex.

According to the second option, the handle of the working body of the earthmoving machine is equipped with a protective unit fixed in its lower part. The protective unit is made in the form of a volumetric cover in the shape of a triangular pyramid, one of the faces of which is located along the lower part of the handle, and the other two faces form a descending ridge and are made concave or convex.

According to the third option, the handle of the working body of the earthmoving machine is equipped with a protective unit fixed in its lower part. The protective unit is made in the form of a volumetric cover in the form of triangular pyramids connected by the bases, forming a diamond-shaped figure in plan with a ridge in the shape of a broken line. The edges forming the ridge are made concave or convex.

The volumetric overlay of the protective assembly can be made of solid solid material by casting, and can also be thin-walled and hollow, made from a steel sheet by cutting it and subsequent welding or by stamping or 3D printing, while the cavity of the volumetric overlay may contain jumpers or ribs rigidity, giving additional rigidity to the lining or be filled with foam metal.

The claimed invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

Fig. 1 - general view of the excavator handle with a protective unit, made according to option 1, in the working position;

Fig.2.1, 2.2, 2.3 - represent the forms of the protective unit according to option 1;

Fig. 3.1, 3.2 - represent the forms of the protective unit according to option 2;

Fig. 4 - represents the shape of the protective unit according to option 3;

Fig. 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 - represent alternative cross-sectional shapes of the protective assembly.

Fig. 6 - shows the protective unit in operation when extending to the sides a bulk or lump material pressed to the handle.

The handle 1 of the excavator holds the bucket 2 by means of a pin 3. The rotating mechanism of the bucket 2, consisting of a rod 4 of the bucket 2, levers 5 and a hydraulic bucket cylinder 6, rotates the bucket 2 and holds it in a given position (Fig. 1). The protective unit 7, which is a volumetric pad made according to any of the presented options 1-3, is attached to the lower part of the handle 1 of the excavator using threaded connections, welding, grooves, fastening with tapes, etc. Bucket 2 during the excavation of bulk or lump material 8 holds and presses the specified material 8 to the protective unit 7 (Fig. 1).

The first version of the protective unit 7 is made in the form of a volumetric cover in the form of a triangular prism 9 (Fig. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3), one face of which is located along the lower part of the handle 1, and the other two faces 10 form a protruding ridge 11, while the ends 12 of the protective node 7 is placed on one side of the prism 9 or on both sides and is made of a pyramidal shape, and the faces 10 forming the ridge 11 are made concave or convex (Fig. 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

According to the second option, the protective unit 7 is made in the form of a volumetric cover in the shape of a triangular pyramid, one face 13 of which is located along the lower part of the handle 1, and the other two faces 14 form a descending ridge 15 (Fig. 3.1, 3.2), which are made concave or convex ( Fig.5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

According to the third option, the protective unit is made in the form of a volumetric overlay in the form of triangular pyramids 16 and 17 connected by the bases, forming a diamond-shaped figure in plan with a ridge 18 in the shape of a broken line (Fig. 4). The faces of the triangular pyramids 16 and 17 are made concave or convex (Fig. 5.1, 5.2, 5.3)

The volumetric overlay of the protective unit 7 can be made of solid solid material by casting (Fig. 5.4). Also, the volumetric overlay of the protective unit 7 can be made thin-walled and hollow (Fig. 5.1, 5.2) from a steel sheet, by cutting it and subsequent welding, or by stamping, or 3D printing. The cavity 20 of the volumetric lining may contain jumpers or stiffening ribs or be filled with a solid structured or cellular material (Fig. 5.3), for example, foam metal 19, which allows the volumetric lining to be given additional rigidity (not shown in Fig. 5.2).

The operating principle of the protective unit 7 is as follows: during the excavation of bulk or lumpy material 8, the bucket 2, under the action of the elements of the rotating mechanism of the bucket - pin 3, rod 4, levers 5, bucket hydraulic cylinder 6 and handle 1, is embedded in the material 8, taking away part of it, and rotates around the axis of rotation of the pin 3. In order to transfer bulk or lumpy material 8 without loss and unload it to a given place, the operator tries to maintain a horizontal position of the bucket 3. In this case, the bucket 3 presses the bulk or lumpy material 8 to the protective unit 7 of the handle 1 (Fig. 1 and Fig.6). The protective assembly with a ridge 11 according to the first option or a ridge 15 according to the second option or a ridge 18 according to the third option pushes the bulk or lumpy material 8 apart through its inclined edges, which leads to a decrease in pressure on the lower part of the handle 1 and the preservation of its geometric shape (Fig. 6). This also reduces the radial load on pin 3 and the hinges of the bucket rotating mechanism 2, which accordingly reduces their wear rate and increases the durability of the excavator working equipment as a whole.

When removing finely dispersed or similar bulk materials, when such materials do not exert significant pressure on the lower part of the handle 1, the protective unit 7, provided it is attached to the lower part of the excavator handle 1 using threaded connections, grooves, fastening with tapes, can be dismantled, and as necessary If necessary, when working with other materials, it is installed on handle 1.

Claims (11)

1. A protective unit mounted on the handle of the working body of an earthmoving machine, characterized in that it is made in the form of a volumetric overlay in the form of a triangular prism, one face of which is located along the lower part of the handle, and the other two faces form a ridge, made with pyramidal-shaped ends located on one or both sides. 2. The protective unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the faces of the triangular prism forming the ridge are made concave or convex. 3. A protective unit attached to the handle of the working body of an earth-moving machine, characterized in that it is made in the form of a volumetric cover in the shape of a triangular pyramid, one of the faces of which is located along the lower part of the handle, and the other two faces form a descending ridge. 4. The protective unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the edges forming the ridge are made concave or convex. 5. A protective unit attached to the handle of the working body of an earth-moving machine, characterized in that it is made in the form of a volumetric overlay in the form of triangular pyramids connected by the bases, forming a diamond-shaped figure in plan with a ridge in the shape of a broken line. 6. The protective unit according to claim 5, characterized in that the edges forming the ridge are made concave or convex. 7. Protective unit according to paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the lining is made of solid solid material by casting. 8. Protective unit according to paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that the plate is made thin-walled and hollow from a steel sheet by cutting it and subsequent welding or by stamping or 3D printing. 9. Protective assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the cavity of the lining contains jumpers or stiffeners. 10. Protective unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the cavity of the lining is filled with foam metal. 11. Protective unit according to paragraphs. 1-10, used on an excavator.