RU2814413C1 - Yurt frame - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, namely to a yurt. Yurt includes a roof in the form of a truncated cone, consisting of radially arranged rafters, connected by one end to the central ring, and by the other end to a lattice frame of the wall, installed in a circle and assembled from intersecting racks, as well as a window and a door. Above the central ring there is a light window having a dome shape, which is limited by the central ring and the upper ring, connected to each other by means of radial imposts bars. Openings between imposts are covered with cellular polycarbonate trapezoidal sheets. Opening of the upper ring is covered with a ball segment made of acrylic, on the surface of which there are stiffening ribs, wherein the ball segment is made with the possibility of lifting it for ventilation. Yurt is covered with a cover of a double-thread finished in the form of the connected side surface of the truncated cone of the roof to the central ring and the side surface of the cylinder around the lattice frame of the wall. Double-thread cover is covered with a layer of hollow fibre insulation material, and the insulation material is covered with a cover made from polyvinyl chloride material, which combines a moisture-proof layer and an external cover divided into a lower cylindrical and an upper conical, connected with an overlap.

EFFECT: higher reliability.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The proposed device relates to the field of construction of temporary mobile prefabricated structures and can be used as permanent or temporary housing, as well as all-season premises for tourist services.

State of the art

A known device is the frame of a yurt - a prefabricated dwelling (patent RU 123429 IPC E04B 1/343. Published: 12/27/2012 Bulletin No. 36), containing a dome, a roof consisting of radially arranged poles connected at one end to the central post, the other - with a lattice wall installed in a circle, assembled from intersecting slats fastened with belts, a door, and the roof is an umbrella-type structure, the central post of which is made in the form of a hollow metal pipe, on which two movable bushings with threaded holes are installed, the top of which is hinged connected to poles, the lower one is hingedly connected to supports, the other end of which is hinged to the poles, the slats of the lattice wall are interconnected by screw connections, while the supports, poles, dome and slats of the lattice wall are made of a polymer composite material.

The disadvantage of the known device is the low reliability of the frame design in terms of loads during its construction and use.

The closest known device is a yurt (patent RU 215593 MPK E04B 1/343. Published: 12/20/2022 Bulletin No. 35), consisting of a wooden frame, and the frame is tied around the perimeter with a metal cable with a lanyard and contains a solid sliding wall, the light-smoke hoop has a dome the structure is made of volume-shaped supporting rings, glazed with transparent sheet plastic; the thermal insulation of the walls and roof is made using a vapor-permeable waterproof and windproof membrane located on an intermediate cover under the outer cover, while the yurt is designed to be placed on a square base located on the foundation.

The disadvantage of the closest device is the low reliability of the frame design in terms of loads during its construction and use.

Disclosure of the Invention

The technical result is to increase the reliability of the frame structure according to the range of loads during its construction and use.

This technical result is achieved in the construction of a yurt, which includes a roof in the shape of a truncated cone, and consisting of radially located rafters, connected at one end to the central ring, and at the other to a lattice frame of the wall, installed in a circle and assembled from intersecting slats, tied along the perimeter with metal a cable with a lanyard, as well as a window and a door, and above the central ring there is a skylight window having a dome shape, limited by the central ring and the upper ring, glued together from wooden segments in several rows, and interconnected by radial bars with imposts corresponding to the angle of inclination of the roof, in this case, the formed openings between the imposts are covered with cellular polycarbonate trapezoidal sheets, the joints between which are sealed with weather-resistant sealant and covered with platbands on top, the hole in the upper ring is covered with a spherical segment made of acrylic, on the surface of which stiffening ribs are placed, while the spherical segment is made with the ability to lift it for ventilation , the yurt is covered with a cover made of two-thread finished material, which acts as wallpaper in the yurt in the form of connected: the side surface of the truncated cone of the roof to the central ring and the side surface of the cylinder around the lattice frame of the wall, combining the cutouts in the cover for the door and windows of the yurt, the cover made of two-thread is covered with a layer of insulation holofiber - non-woven material consisting of spring-like hollow polyester fiber, in the form of sectors of the fabric, overlapped on the roof and wall of the yurt, the insulation is covered with a cover made of polyvinyl chloride material, combining a moisture-proof layer and an outer cover, divided into a lower cylindrical and an upper conical, connected overlap

Distinctive features are:

above the central ring there is a skylight window having a dome shape, bounded by a central ring and an upper ring, glued together from wooden segments in several rows, and interconnected by radial bars with imposts corresponding to the angle of inclination of the roof, while the formed openings between the imposts are covered with cellular polycarbonate trapezoidal sheets , the joints between which are sealed with weather-resistant sealant and covered with platbands on top, such a design solution increases the reliability of the frame structure in terms of room illumination and power loads from wind and snow during its use;

the hole in the upper ring is covered with a spherical segment made of acrylic, on the surface of which stiffening ribs are placed, while the spherical segment is made with the ability to lift it for ventilation, this increases the reliability of the frame in terms of room illumination, power loads and aerology of the room during its use;

the yurt is covered with a cover made of two-thread finished material, which acts as wallpaper in the yurt in the form of connected: the side surface of the truncated cone of the roof to the central ring and the side surface of the cylinder around the lattice frame of the wall, combining the cutouts in the cover for the door and windows of the yurt, this solution increases the reliability of the frame in terms of illumination premises and fire safety during its use;

the double-thread cover is covered with a layer of holofiber insulation - a non-woven material consisting of spring-like hollow polyester fiber, in the form of sectors of fabric, overlapped on the roof and wall of the yurt, this increases the reliability of the frame in terms of the temperature microclimate of the room during its use;

the insulation is covered with a cover made of polyvinyl chloride material, which combines a moisture-proof layer and an outer cover, divided into a lower cylindrical and an upper conical, overlapped, which increases the reliability of the frame according to the hydrotechnical microclimate of the room during its use, with the possibility of separate replacement of the faster-wearing part of the cover;

A comparison of the proposed solution with an analogue and a prototype did not allow us to identify in them the features that distinguish the proposed solution, which allows us to conclude that it meets the “novelty” criterion.

Brief description of the drawings

In fig. Figure 1 shows a horizontal view of the yurt frame without covers and insulation from the top, including: 1 - a sheet in the opening between the mullions of the dome window with a hole for the ventilation system; 2 - acrylic dome; 3 - sheet in the opening of a domed window made of tin sheet; 4 - hole for the chimney system; 5 - lower horizontal wooden ring of the dome window; 6 - sheet of cellular polycarbonate in the opening of the dome window; 7 - stiffeners on the acrylic dome; 8 - holofiber insulation; 9 - tie-down steel cable; 10 - lattice sliding wall made of slats; 11 - outer cover made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material; 12 - radial wooden block impost of a dome window, covered with a casing; 13 - upper horizontal wooden ring of the dome window; 14 - radial rafters; 15 - two-thread finished, acting as wallpaper in the yurt.

In fig. 2 shows a local section A on a scale of 15:1 from Fig. 1, including: 8 - holofiber insulation; 10 - sliding wall made of slats; 11 - outer cover made of polyvinyl chloride material; 15 - two-thread finished, acting as wallpaper in the yurt; 16 - external rail of the sliding wall.

In fig. 3 shows a local section B on a scale of 15:1 from Fig. 1, including: 6 - a sheet of cellular polycarbonate in the opening of the dome window; 12 - radial wooden block impost of a dome window; 17 - platband covering the joints of sheets of cellular polycarbonate; 18 - joint of cellular polycarbonate sheets sealed with weather-resistant sealant.

Carrying out the invention

An example of the invention. Initially, parts of the prefabricated room are made. Elements of a sliding lattice wall are made from bars fixed staggered in two directions with bolted connections. The basis of the roof frame, which is the structure of the side surface of the cone, is a central ring made in the form of a domed window, forming the upper part of the side surface of the cone. The dome window is made from two horizontal rings, lower 5 and upper 13, glued together from wooden segments in several rows. The segments are connected in one plane to each other using a special tongue-and-groove lock. Optimal for reliability is three rows. Rings 5 and 13 are connected to each other by radial bars with imposts 12, in the amount of 8 pieces, at the angle of the roof. The impost is designed to divide the window into parts [3]. The formed openings in the window between the imposts 12 are covered with individual cellular polycarbonate trapezoidal sheets 6, the joints 18 between which are sealed with weather-resistant sealant and fixed on top with platbands 17. Cellular polycarbonate has an increased heat transfer resistance of 3.6 W/m ² C with a sheet thickness of 8 mm [4] . Additionally, a hole 1 is made in one polycarbonate sheet for the ventilation system, and in another opening a segment of tin sheet 3 is installed with a hole 4 for the chimney system. The hole in the upper ring 13 is covered with an acrylic dome 2 made in the form of a ball segment, along the surface of which there are stiffening ribs 7. To create an interior interior and design, as wallpaper in a yurt, a cover for the frame is made from a two-thread coated 15 in the form of connected: the side surface of a truncated the roof cone to the central ring in the form of a window, and the side surface of the cylinder around the lattice wall, aligning the cutouts in the cover for the door and windows of the yurt. Finished double thread is a harsh double thread consisting of 35% cotton and 65% polyester fibers with a weight of 200 g/m. kv, subjected to processing, due to which it does not shrink, does not burn, is not subject to rotting, practically does not wrinkle, and has high wear resistance [5]. The use of such material increases the reliability of the frame in terms of illumination of the yurt room and fire safety during its use. To create a temperature microclimate in the yurt, a layer of insulation 8 is made in the form of sectors of fabric, overlapped on the roof and wall of the yurt, from holofiber, a non-woven material consisting of spring-like hollow polyester fiber [6]. To increase the reliability of the yurt frame according to the hydrotechnical microclimate of the room during its operation, a combining moisture-protective layer and an outer cover 11 are made of polyvinyl chloride PVC material. Moreover, the cover 11 is divided into a lower cylindrical one and an upper one into a conical whip, with the peculiarity of its design: a separate roof with a lambrequin and loops, and a wall with mushrooms, which are connected by a “loop-button” connection. Polyvinyl chloride is a technical fabric made from synthetic fibers. A polyvinyl chloride coating is applied to a mesh of polymer threads (lavsan, polyester, nylon) [7].

The installation of the yurt frame is carried out on a prepared base in the form of a podium, representing a round floor according to the diameter of the yurt. A central ring in the form of a domed window is placed in the middle of the podium. Place the doorway at the edge of the podium and fix the block with self-tapping screws. If necessary, windows are installed in the wall of the yurt. Then the lattice sliding wall element 10 is installed and fixed with a nylon cord to the door or window, as well as to the next wall element 10. On the lower side of the dome window, two T-shaped posts are fixed with screws; if necessary, for a high dome, there can be four posts. Turn over and center the central ring in the form of a domed window in the middle of the yurt podium. Rafters 14 are installed with a narrow end into special rectangular recesses in the middle of the lower horizontal wooden ring 5 of the dome window, and with a wide end they are fixed into the crosshairs of the slats of the lattice wall 10 with a nylon cord. On door and window blocks, rafters 14 are fixed with self-tapping screws. Between the inner rail of the lattice wall 10 and the outer rail 16, a steel cable 9 is passed along the perimeter and tightened with a lanyard. The prepared wooden frame is stretched and fixed at the top with a stapler: to the wooden ring 5 of the dome window, a cover is made from two-thread coated 15 in the form of connected: the side surface of the truncated cone of the roof to the central ring in the form of a window, and the side surface of the cylinder around the lattice wall, aligning the cutouts in cover and fixing them to the door and window blocks in the wall of the yurt. At the bottom of the frame, a cover made of two-thread coated 15 is passed between the outer side of the outer lath 16 of the lattice wall 10 and the curb of the podium to create a beautiful interior from the inside of the yurt and exclude moisture from absorbing from the outside, and also fix the lath 16 with 4x24 mm self-tapping screws from the side of the curb. A layer of insulation 8 in the form of pre-prepared sectors of the fabric is placed on a fixed cover made of two-thread coated 15. Moreover, it is initially laid on the lattice wall 10, overlapping the sectors of the canvas, and fixed with a stapler to the radial rafters 14, and then a layer of insulation 8 is laid on the radial rafters 14, overlapping the sectors of the canvas on the roof and wall, and also fixed with a stapler to the wooden ring 5 of the dome window. This design of the device increases the reliability of the frame in terms of the temperature microclimate of the room during its use. On the insulation layer 8, a manufactured moisture-proof layer and an outer cover 11 made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material are initially laid on the lattice wall 10 and fixed with a stapler at the top to the radial rafters 14, and then the moisture-proof layer and the outer PVC cover 11 are laid on the radial rafters 14 aligning the overlap with the layer on the wall and fixing it with a stapler to the wooden ring 5 of the dome window. Around the door and window blocks, the moisture-proof layer and the outer PVC 11 cover are fixed with a stapler and sheathed with platbands. The peculiarity of its design is a separate roof with a lambrequin and loops, and a wall with mushrooms, which are connected with a “loop-button” connection. Hooks with rings for flat slings are screwed into the door and window blocks at the top, middle and bottom. Then they are installed by tensioning the flat slings at the appropriate level. The lower sling is additionally secured to the podium with 4x25 mm self-tapping screws through a plastic mounting washer. Such fastening of the device structure increases the reliability of the frame against dynamic wind effects during its use. Sheets 6 of the cellular polycarbonate segment are installed on the trapezoidal openings of the domed window; a ventilation system is pre-installed on one of the sheets 1. If there is a wood-burning stove in the yurt, a tin sheet 3 is inserted onto the other trapezoidal window opening, in which a hole 4 is cut out for the chimney system. Sheets 6, 1, 3 are fixed on top with platband 17 and joints 18 are treated with sealant. The hole in the upper ring 13 is covered with an acrylic dome 2 in the form of a ball segment, along the surface of which there are stiffening ribs 7, pre-attached to an additional wooden ring. An additional ring with an acrylic dome 2 attached to it is sealed on the inside in a circle with sealing tape, and then, using a butterfly loop at a point on the windward side, it is attached to the upper ring 13. On the side opposite to the loop, a mechanical dome lift is installed for ventilation.

Thus, the proposed device increases the reliability of the frame structure over a whole range of loads during its construction and long-term use.

Information sources:

1. Patent RU 123429 IPC E04B 1/343. Published: December 27, 2012 Bulletin. No. 36;

2. Patent RU 215593 IPC E04B 1/343. Published: 12/20/2022 Bulletin. No. 35;

3. Design of wooden windows (skandiokna.com) https://www.skandiokna.com/poleznaya-informatsiya/konstruktsiya-derevyannykh-okon/

4. Cellular polycarbonate - technical characteristics

https://teplica-exp.ru/sotovyy-polikarbonat-tekhnicheskie-kha/?ysclid=lhms6j6ixp580190035

5. Double thread finished

https://yandex.ru/search/?text=%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE% D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0% BA%D0%B0+%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE+%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE&lr=212153&clid=2411726&src=suggest_B;

6. Hollofayber - material: filler, description of types (textiletrend.ru) tps://textiletrend.ru/netkanyie/sinteticheskie/harakteristika-hollofaybera.html?ysclid=lhljzecmo0540205450;

7. Polyvinyl chloride, properties and application (textilegu.ru) https://textilegu.ru/sinteticheskie-tkani/polivinilchlorid-pvh-chto-eto-za-material-svoystva-harakteristiki-sostav-i-primenenie.html?ysclid= lhlkt5e5y529417360

Claims (1)

A yurt, including a roof having the shape of a truncated cone and consisting of radially located rafters connected at one end to a central ring, and the other to a lattice frame of the wall, installed in a circle and assembled from intersecting slats, tied around the perimeter with a metal cable with a lanyard, as well as a window and a door, characterized in that above the central ring there is a skylight window having a dome shape, limited by the central ring and the upper ring, glued together from wooden segments in several rows and interconnected by radial bars with imposts corresponding to the angle of inclination of the roof, while openings are formed between the imposts are covered with cellular polycarbonate trapezoidal sheets, the joints between which are sealed with weather-resistant sealant and covered with platbands on top, the hole in the upper ring is covered with a ball segment made of acrylic, on the surface of which stiffening ribs are placed, while the ball segment is made with the ability to lift it for ventilation, the yurt is covered with a cover made of double-thread finished, acting as wallpaper in the yurt in the form of connected side surface of a truncated cone of the roof to the central ring and the side surface of the cylinder around the lattice frame of the wall, combining the cutouts in the cover for the door and windows of the yurt, the double-thread cover is covered with a layer of holofiber insulation - non-woven material, consisting of spring-like hollow polyester fiber, in the form of sectors of the canvas, connected overlapping on the roof and wall of the yurt, the insulation is covered with a cover made of polyvinyl chloride material, which combines a moisture-proof layer and an outer cover, divided into a lower cylindrical and an upper conical, overlapped.