RU2809411C1 - Pack skidder grip with movable base - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering industry.

SUBSTANCE: bundle skidding grip with a movable base consists of a frame, a boom with a hydraulic cylinder, and a grip attached to the end of the boom. The movable base is equipped with rollers, on which it moves along the rear frame using hydraulic cylinders. Freedom of movement in the vertical plane is limited by stops, and the movement of the moving base is controlled using an electronic control unit, which receives a signal from the front axle load sensor and compares the signal value with information from the rear axle load sensor. It is possible to automatically move the base of the pack skidding grip towards the tractor cabin or in the opposite direction using hydraulic cylinders, depending on the magnitude of the effective load on the front and rear axles of the tractor, which leads to a decrease in the degree of overload of the rear axle of the tractor and an increase in the cross-country ability of the skidding machine.

EFFECT: improving the design of wheeled skidding machines.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, namely to improving the design of wheeled skidding machines (skidders) in order to improve maneuverability and increase payload in conditions of a transport route with insufficient load-bearing capacity.

An invention is known (RF patent No. 2618613 C1, MPK V60V 39/00, B62D 61/12, published 05/04/2017) in the form of an additional support axle to achieve an increase in the agricultural cross-country ability of the tractor due to the uniform distribution of the wheeled tractor’s own load across all axes.

The disadvantage of the design is the increase in the weight and overall dimensions of the tractor, which leads to a deterioration in its maneuverability and a decrease in load capacity. An additional support axle increases the machine's movement resistance.

A loading device for a skidding tractor is known (USSR patent No. 162752 C1, MPK B62d, B65g, publ. 05/08/1964) to evenly distribute the load across the support rollers of the tractor chassis, as well as to reduce deformation and wear of the working surface of the loading shield.

The disadvantage of the loading device of a skidder is the limited possibility of its use for a wheeled tractor-bundle picker (skidder) due to restrictions in weight, size and layout, as well as a predominant orientation towards choker skidding.

A device is known (patent BY No. 11784 C1 2009.04.30, MPK (206) V60R 3/40, published 12/30/2008) for grabbing and skidding trees, containing a self-propelled chassis, on the frame of which a controlled shield is installed, made with a U-shaped support surface interacting with a spring-loaded boom, at the end of which a jaw gripper is attached.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the impressive metal consumption of the structure, significant overload of the rear drive axle in the position of a loaded stack of timber.

This decision was adopted as a prototype, since the principles and physical principles implemented in the invention are closest to the claimed one.

The invention solves the problem of uniformly distributing the load on the drive axles of a wheeled skidder (skidder) by ensuring the mobility of the base of the processing equipment relative to the tractor frame.

It was previously established (Makunina, Ya.S. Axial loads of wheel skidders and their influence on the cross-country ability of vehicles / Ya.S. Makunina, S.N. Dolmatov // Mechanical engineering: new concepts and technologies: All-Russian scientific and practical conference of students, graduate students and young scientists, Krasnoyarsk, October 28, 2022. - Krasnoyarsk: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Siberian State University of Science and Technology named after Academician M.F. Reshetnev", 2022. - P. 84-90. - EDN LOTWBG.) that when a two-axle wheel skidder operates on soils with low load-bearing capacity, the rear axle is overloaded; the overload coefficient ranges from 1.7 to 2.9. Uneven loading of the drive axles of a wheel skidder leads to a significant deterioration in its cross-country ability, reduced output, and increased equipment downtime.

The technical result ensures the mobility of the base of the technological equipment relative to the tractor frame in the horizontal plane, which will ensure a prompt change in the coordinates of the center of gravity of the distributed load in order to eliminate the possibility of overloading the rear axle of a wheeled transport and transfer vehicle (skidder).

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that a pack skidding grip with a movable base, consisting of a frame, a boom with a hydraulic cylinder, a grip that is attached to the end of the boom, according to the invention, the movable base is equipped with rollers on which it moves using hydraulic cylinders along the rear frame, in this case, freedom of movement in the vertical plane is limited by stops, and the movement of the moving base is controlled using an electronic control unit, which receives a signal from the front axle load sensor and compares the signal value with information from the rear axle load sensor.

A bundle skidding gripper with a movable base is illustrated by drawings:

Fig. 1 - pack skidding grip of a wheel skidder with a movable base (side view, when moving the movable base).

Fig. 2 - pack skidding grip of a wheel skidder with a movable base (top view).

Fig. 3 - pack skidding grip of a wheel skidder with a movable base (rear view).

Fig. 4 - schematic hydraulic diagram of the moving base control system.

A pack skidding grip with a movable one consists of a front frame 1, on the surface of the rear frame 2 there are rollers 3 installed, which are the supports of the movable base of the technological equipment 4. Hydraulic cylinders 5 are used as a drive. And the hydraulic cylinders 5 are hinged to the rear frame 2 and the movable base of the technological equipment 4 The movement occurs towards the tractor cabin or towards the rear axle by an amount determined by the extension of the rod of hydraulic cylinders 5. Attachments are represented by a boom 6 and a bundle skidding grip 7, hydraulic cylinders 8 and 9. The boom 6 is raised or lowered using a hydraulic cylinder 8. A-shaped the frame 10, on which the boom 6 is hinged, is lowered and raised by hydraulic cylinders 9. The movable base of the technological equipment 4 can only move in the horizontal plane. Freedom of movement in the vertical plane is limited by stops 11. At the attachment points of the drive axles to the front 1 and rear frame 2, strain gauges are installed to measure the effective load on the front 12 and rear 13 drive axles. The movable base of the technological equipment 4, together with a hauled pack of sticks or trees, can move towards the tractor cabin or in the opposite direction, depending on the magnitude of the effective load on the front and rear drive axles of the tractor, recorded by strain gauges 12 and 13. The electronic control unit (ECU) accepts signal from the front axle sensor 12 and compares the signal value with information from the rear axle load sensor 13. If the magnitude of these signals mismatches, the ECU sends a control pulse to the solenoid 14 for controlling the valve spool 15. In this case, the working fluid pumped by the hydraulic pump 16 is supplied to the rod or the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 17 moves the movable base of the technological equipment 4. The bundle skidding grip 7 with a payload of trees or crops moves together with the movable base of the technological equipment 4 towards the tractor cabin. In this case, the load on the front axle increases and the load on the rear drive axle of the tractor decreases. The pressure and drain lines are equipped with safety valves 18 and a filter 19.

The device works as follows. A wheeled skidder (skidder) moves along the apiary trail of the cutting area and maneuvers in the area where the butt part of the tree pack is located. The operator positions the machine in such a way that the bundle skidding grip 7 can clamp the bundle. After which the movable base of the technological equipment 4, under the action of the hydraulic cylinders 5, moves to the extreme position relative to the rear drive axle of the tractor. The extreme position ensures an increase in the working area of the gripper, i.e. the operator has the opportunity to grab a pack located at a greater distance from the skidder, compared to the standard design, which does not have a mechanism that ensures mobility of the base of the process equipment. The maximum opening of the arms of the bundle skidding grip 7 is made. The A-frame 10 is lowered by hydraulic cylinders 9, the boom 6 is lowered by the hydraulic cylinder 8 and the bundle of trees is clamped by the bundle skidding grip 7. Then the boom 6 and the A-frame 10 are raised, the bundle of trees is in a semi-suspended state , the butt part is clamped by the levers of the bundle skidding grip 7, and the apical part is located on the beeing drag. To reduce the load on the rear drive axle, the movable base of the technological equipment 4 moves towards the cabin and the operator switches the system to an automated mode, when the movement of the movable base of the technological equipment 4 is controlled by the ECU.

The use of the proposed design of a pack skidding gripper with a movable base will solve the problem of improving cross-country ability and increasing the payload of wheeled skidders in conditions of a transport route with insufficient load-bearing capacity.

Improving cross-country ability due to uniform distribution of the load on the drive axles of the skidding machine will reduce the time required to perform technological operations, increase productivity, and reduce costs for fuels and lubricants, maintenance and repair of equipment.

Claims (1)

A bundle skidding grip with a movable base, consisting of a frame, a boom with a hydraulic cylinder, a grip attached to the end of the boom, characterized in that the movable base is equipped with rollers on which it moves using hydraulic cylinders along the rear frame, while freedom of movement in the vertical plane is limited stops, and the movement of the moving base is controlled using an electronic control unit, which receives a signal from the front axle load sensor and compares the signal value with information from the rear axle load sensor.

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