RU2808466C1 - Device for cutting tuberous roots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device contains a housing and two cutting drums. The body consists of two parts: the lower part is fixed with an unloading window and the upper part is hinged with a loading window and two sharpening fixtures independent from each other, the upper part on one side has a hinged clasp connection, and on the other side there is a screw clamp, which is a hinged screw with wing nut. The cutting drum is a hollow cylinder, on the outer surface of which Z-shaped knives are fixed, which are attached to the cylinder through studs with castle nuts and are secured from unscrewing with cotter pins. The cutting drums rotate on axes towards each other, and one of them is driven through a safety clutch from a gear motor, and rotation is transmitted from one drum to another through a block of gear wheels. The sharpening fixture is designed for sharpening Z-shaped knives and consists of a welded body mounted on the upper opening cover of the device, a head and a flap, the head includes a carriage, a clip with an abrasive segment, and a control wheel with a latch.

EFFECT: increased productivity, operational reliability and cutting quality of tuberous roots are ensured.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to devices for cutting root crops into plates on livestock farms and complexes.

A device is known (see AS No. 351533 USSR, IPC A23N 15/00) for cutting root crops, containing a loading hopper, a rotor with blades and a stationary knife.

The disadvantages of this device are low productivity, unreliability during operation, the quality of the finished feed does not meet zootechnical requirements for distribution to farm animals, since it cuts the fruits into two unequal parts.

As a prototype, a device for cutting root crops was selected (see A.S. No. 862907 USSR, MPK A23N 15/00, B26D 1/44), containing a loading hopper, an additional rotor installed parallel to the main one with the possibility of counter-rotation, a stationary knife is made cruciform shape, and the knife blades have bevels directed towards the axis of its symmetry to form an orienting channel together with the rotor blades.

The disadvantages of this device are difficulty in maintenance and repair, unreliability in operation, the quality of the finished feed does not meet zootechnical requirements for distribution to farm animals, since it cuts the fruits into four unequal parts.

The technical challenge is to increase productivity, operational reliability and cutting quality of root and tuber crops.

In fig. 1 shows a device for cutting root tubers, general view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view.

To solve this technical problem, a simple design of a device for cutting root and tuber crops is proposed, which consists of a housing 1 and two cutting drums 2 .

Housing 1 consists of two parts: the lower 3 is fixed, with an unloading window, and the upper 4 is folding, with a loading window and two sharpening devices 5 independent of each other. The upper part 4, on one side, has a hinged hinge connection 6 , and on the other side, a screw clamp 7 , which is a hinged screw with a wing nut, which allows access to the cutting drums 2 during their maintenance and repair.

The cutting drum 2 is a hollow cylinder, on the outer surface of which Z-shaped knives 8 are fixed. Knives 8 are attached to the cylinder through studs with castle nuts, which are secured with cotter pins to prevent them from being loosened. The cutting drums 2 rotate on axes 9 and 10 towards each other, and one of them is driven through a safety clutch 11 from a gear motor 12 . The transmission of rotation from one drum to another is carried out through a block of gear wheels 13 .

The sharpening device 5 is designed for sharpening Z-shaped knives 8 and consists of a welded body mounted on the upper opening cover of the device, a head and a flap 14 . The head includes a carriage 15 , a clip with an emery segment 16 , a regulating steering wheel 17 with a latch 18 . When sharpening Z-shaped knives 8, turn on the cutting device and remove the shutter 14 from the lid . Pressing the latch 18 with your finger, rotate the steering wheel 17 , bring the carriage 15 with the sanding segment 16 to the cutting edges of the knives until they touch the cutting surface. As a result of the reciprocating movement of the emery segment 16 , they are sharpened uniformly over the entire width of the cutting drum 2 . After sharpening, the carriage 15 is retracted to its original position, the latch 18 is released, the device is turned off and the damper 14 is put in place.

The device works as follows.

Pre-washed root tuber crops, for example, with a conveyor (not shown in the figure), through the loading window of the upper part 4 of the housing 1 begin to be uniformly fed into the area between the Z-shaped knives 8 , captured by them and, being pressed, cut into slices of a certain thickness without loss of juice. Next, through the unloading window of the lower part 3 of housing 1 , the cut root crops are moved, for example, into the storage hopper-feeder (not shown in the figure). This design of the proposed device is characterized by high productivity, reliable operation, ease of maintenance and repair, and allows you to obtain slices of a certain thickness. In addition, the use of sharpening devices 5 makes it possible to increase the service life of the Z-shaped knives 8 of the cutting drums 2 , as well as their operating efficiency while reducing the specific energy consumption for cutting root crops.

Claims (1)

A device for cutting root tuber crops, containing a housing and two cutting drums, characterized in that the housing consists of two parts: the lower part is fixed with an unloading window and the upper part is folding with a loading window and two sharpening devices independent from each other, the upper part on one side has a hinged loop connection, and on the other side - a screw clamp, which is a folding screw with a wing nut, which allows access to the cutting drums during their maintenance and repair; The cutting drum is a hollow cylinder, on the outer surface of which Z-shaped knives are fixed, which are attached to the cylinder through studs with castle nuts and are secured from unscrewing with cotter pins. The cutting drums rotate on axes towards each other, and one of them has a drive through a safety clutch against gear motor, and transmission of rotation from one drum to another is carried out through a block of gear wheels; The sharpening device is designed for sharpening Z-shaped knives and consists of a welded body mounted on the upper opening cover of the device, a head and a shutter, the head includes a carriage, a clip with an emery segment, and a control wheel with a latch.