RU2804945C1 - Method for synchronizing reproductive cycle of cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is a method for synchronizing the reproductive cycle of cows, including the “Presynch” synchronization scheme, where insemination of cows is carried out on the 64th day of the scheme, and subsequent insemination on the 75th day, on the 14th day “Estrumate” is given at a dose of 2.0 ml, repeated injections continue on days 28 and 42, on day 56 an injection of “Fertagil” is given in a dose of 2.5 ml, on day 62 only “Estrumate” is given in a dose of 2.0 ml, on the 64th day an injection with “Fertagil” is given immediately before insemination 15-20 minutes, while during synchronization according to the “Presynch” scheme, the immunostimulating drug “Aisidivit” is additionally administered at 10 mg/head per day on days 14, 28 and 42 after calving, and a one-time administration on the 62nd day after calving, a vitamin preparation with the microelement “Selemag” at the rate of 5 ml/100 kg of body weight.

EFFECT: invention allows you to increase the number of cows that go into heat, has a positive effect on the number of fruitful inseminations and reduces the insemination index.

1 cl, 3 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention can be used in the field of animal husbandry, in particular reproductive biotechnology, in the practice of synchronizing the sexual cycle during the reproduction of cattle by artificial insemination.

The introduction of reproductive technologies, such as artificial insemination and eustrus synchronization, is becoming a tool to eliminate the effects of limiting factors in reproduction, as well as to enable the use of more intensive production systems and promote genetic improvement of productive herds [6].

It is biologically determined that for the first time after giving birth, cows can come into heat already on the 30th day and become fertilized by 65-77 days. Advances in reproductive biotechnology and a greater understanding of the dynamics of the estrous cycle in cattle have made it possible to develop protocols to manage the estrous cycle and control ovulation using natural or artificially synthesized hormones. The use of synchronized estrus or ovulation and fixed-time artificial insemination has contributed to the widespread use of artificial insemination and can significantly impact the economics of the enterprise [2, 6].

Over the past decade, synchronization protocols (synchronization schemes) have been developed that eliminate detection of estrus and provide satisfactory pregnancy rates for the animal. The variety of these schemes is explained by the economic need to increase the number of pregnant cows in the herd. Most of these protocols rely heavily on the use of exogenous progesterone (P4), a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), to induce ovulation and luteolysis through the administration of prostaglandin F2a [1, 3].

The main problems that the use of synchronization schemes are aimed at are: in the shortest possible time after calving, it is fruitful to inseminate the maximum number of cows, while there is no need to identify cows in “hunt”, but to inseminate them at scheduled times. Such mechanisms of influence on the physiological state of the breeding stock make it possible to work on each animal to which the scheme was applied, and not just on those that were identified, which reduces the load on the insemination technician to identify and inseminate cows [1, 3, 6, 7].

The most common and used is the Ovsynch scheme, which is designed to synchronize the ovulation of cows, allowing artificial insemination to be carried out at a certain time for all selected cows in the herd, even without detection of estrus. All animals subjected to hormonal treatment are inseminated at the specified time.

There is a synchronization program called Heatsynch, which involves an injection of estrogen the day after the administration of prostaglandin.

According to the Resynch synchronization program, a prostaglandin is administered a week after the GnRH injection. After this, they wait until they come into heat and inseminate. If signs of heat do not appear, insemination is performed 70-80 hours after the injection of prostaglandin.

These synchronization programs use hormonal treatment of animals, but do not provide for the introduction of specialized vitamin complexes and immunostimulating drugs aimed at maintaining the general physiological state of animal health and improving reproductive function, which can lead to negative consequences, including impaired reproductive ability in the future.

Known patent RU 2306944, publ. 09.27.2007, “Method of early stimulation of sexual cyclicity in cows after childbirth,” which describes how cows are administered the drug PDS (denatured suspended placenta) subcutaneously at a dose of 20 ml/cow/day no more than 10 days before birth or immediately after birth. The disadvantage of this method is the need for long-term administration of drugs and the complexity of its implementation [4].

According to the method presented in patent RU 2761137, publ. 12/06/2021, “Method of synchronizing the estrous cycle in female mice in an experiment,” characterized by the intramuscular administration of a progesterone-based suspension to female mice at a dose of 4.5 mg/100 g, regardless of the phase of the estrous cycle, followed by administration after 6 days prostaglandin F2a at a dose of 0.083 mg/100 g. This method of synchronizing the estrous cycle cannot be used on cows, since the estrous cycles of cattle and mice are significantly different. In cattle, the estrous cycle lasts from 18 to 24 days, while in mice the estrous cycle lasts 4-5 days [5].

The closest technical solution to the proposed method is the “Presynch” scheme for synchronizing the sexual cycle, however, compared to the proposed scheme, it is less effective and does not provide for the use of vitamin complexes and immunostimulating drugs aimed at maintaining the general physiological state of animal health and improving reproductive function, which can lead to negative consequences, including impaired reproductive ability in the future.

The technical result of the present invention is to increase the number of cows that come into heat for artificial insemination due to the inclusion of new components in the Presync synchronization circuit. Aimed at increasing the fertilizing ability of cows and reducing the duration of the period from calving to fertile insemination.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the synchronization of the reproductive cycle of cows is carried out according to the “Presynch” program with the additional introduction of the complex drug “Aisidivit” and the vitamin preparation with the microelement “Selemag”.

To achieve the specified technical result in the “Presync” synchronization scheme, it is proposed to use the drug “Selemag” at a dose of 5 ml/100 kg of body weight each injection and threefold administration of the complex immunostimulating drug “Aisidivit” at a dose of 10.0 ml each injection.

The theoretical basis for the use of a vitamin preparation with the microelement “Selemag” is the data that the preparation used contains vitamin E and the microelement selenium, which are important in the reproduction of animals.

The vitamin preparation with the microelement “Selemag” is used for disorders of reproduction and fetal development, for the prevention and treatment of diseases in farm animals that develop against the background of vitamin E and selenium deficiency. Vitamin E is a natural antioxidant. Selenium is part of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, a family of enzymes that protect the body from oxidative damage. Vitamin E and selenium are involved in the regulation of redox processes, contribute to the normalization of metabolism and the regulation of reproductive function.

The theoretical basis for the use of the complex immunostimulating drug "Aisidivit" is the data that the drug used contains amide derivatives, carboxylic acids, compounds with an active sulfhydryl group, aliphatic and cyclic hydrocarbons, peptides (amino acids), as well as succinic acid, vitamins E and A, which have a complex beneficial effect on the general physiological condition and reproductive function of animals.

The biologically active substances included in the drug have an activating effect on the central, autonomic nervous system and metabolic processes, and have antioxidant and membrane-protective properties; helping to improve all forms of immune reactivity, provide an increase in the animal’s body’s resistance to adverse environmental factors and diseases of various etiologies, stimulate the motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract, the secretion of the digestive glands, increase the activity of tissue enzymes, help accelerate the growth and development of young animals and increase productivity, increase fertility, prevention embryonic mortality, reduction of the service period.

Execution example

Before synchronization began, suitable cows were selected, completely healthy and without gynecological diseases. Cows were selected taking into account average fatness, which do not have a negative energy balance.

15 cows were selected for each of the experimental groups (control and experimental). Synchronization in the control group was carried out according to the Presync program. In the experimental group, cows were synchronized according to the Presynch program with the additional administration of a vitamin preparation with the microelement “Selemag” and a complex immunostimulating drug “Aisidivit”.

The schedules according to which the corresponding drug injections were carried out in the experimental groups are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

The Presynch hormonal regimen (Table 1) is one of the widely used in livestock enterprises due to the availability of drugs and ease of use.

Table 1 - “Presync” scheme 1 injection
(day 14) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml 6th injection (day 64) in the evening + insemination in the evening Fertagil 2.5 ml 2nd injection
(28 day) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml 65 injection, re-insemination morning - 3rd injection
(day 42) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml 7 injection
(day 72) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml 4 injection
(day 56) morning Fertagil 2.5 ml 8th injection (day 74) evening + insemination in the evening Fertagil 2.5 ml 5 injection
(day 62) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml Day 75, re-insemination morning -

According to the Presynch synchronization scheme, insemination occurs on the 64th day after calving and subsequent insemination on the 75th day after calving. On the 14th day after calving, Estrumate is administered at a dose of 2.0 ml. Repeated injections continue on days 28 and 42 after calving. On the 56th day after calving, an injection of “Fertagil” is given in a dose of 2.5 ml; on the 62nd day after calving, only “Estrumate” is given in a dose of 2.0 ml. On the 64th day after calving, an injection with Fertagil is given immediately before insemination for 15-20 minutes.

If the cow shows signs of heat and is in heat, the cow is inseminated, and the cow is also inseminated again the next morning after 16-18 hours. If the cow does not show signs of heat, then according to the scheme, the 7th and 8th injections of “Estrumate” 2.0 ml and “Fertagil” 2.5 ml are given. Accordingly, insemination occurs on the 74th day after calving, regardless of whether the cow is in heat or not. The next morning, after 16-18 hours, the insemination process is repeated.

The proposed synchronization method was modified by additional injections of a vitamin preparation with the microelement “Selemag” and a complex immunostimulating drug “Aisidivit” (Table 2).

Table 2. Developed synchronization scheme 1 injection (14 days after calving) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml
Isidivit 10.0 ml 6th injection (64 days after calving) in the evening + insemination in the evening Fertagil 2.5 ml 2nd injection (28 days after calving) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml
Isidivit 10.0 ml 65 days after calving injection, re-insemination morning - 3rd injection (42 days after calving) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml
Isidivit 10.0 ml 7th injection (72 days after calving) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml 4th injection (56 days after calving) morning Fertagil 2.5 ml 8th injection (74 days after calving) evening + insemination in the evening Fertagil 2.5 ml 5th injection (62 days after calving) morning Estrumate 2.0 ml
Selemag
5 ml/100 kg body weight 75 days after calving, re-insemination morning -

According to the developed synchronization scheme, insemination occurs on the 64th day after calving and subsequent insemination on the 75th day after calving. On the 14th day after calving, Estrumate is given in a dose of 2.0 ml, as well as the vitamin complex Aisidivit in a dose of 10.0 ml. Repeated injections continue on days 28 and 42 after calving. On the 56th day after calving, an injection of “Fertagil” is given at a dose of 2.5 ml; on the 62nd day after calving, “Estrumate” is given at a dose of 2.0 ml and “Selemag” at a rate of 5 ml/100 kg of body weight. On the 64th day after calving, an injection with Fertagil is given immediately before insemination for 15-20 minutes. If the cow shows signs of heat, ideally there should be an estrus, then the cow is inseminated and the next morning after 16-18 hours the cow is inseminated again, if this does not happen, then the 7th and 8th injection of Estrumate is given "2.0 ml, and "Fertagil" 2.5 ml, respectively, and insemination occurs on the 74th day after calving, regardless of whether the cow is in heat or not. The next morning, the insemination process is repeated.

One of the main indicators of hormonal treatment according to the scheme of synchronization of the reproductive cycle is the number of inseminated animals.

The efficiency of insemination of cows with the studied schemes of their synchronization is presented in Table 3.

A total of 15 heads were processed in each group. In the control group, out of 15 treated heads, 10 showed heat and were inseminated (the first insemination on the 64-65th day after calving), of which only 6 heads turned out to be pregnant, and 4 heads were not fertilized. 9 heads were sent for re-insemination (74-75 days after calving) and further processing according to the synchronization scheme, of which 5 cows showed heat and 2 heads were fertilized.

In the experimental group, 12 cows showed their first heat, of which 9 cows were fertilized (first insemination on the 64-65th day after calving), and three were not fertilized. 6 cows were sent for further processing, of which 4 cows showed heat, and 2 cows were fertilized (74-75 days after calving), and 2 cows were not fertilized.

The insemination index in the control group was 2.1, while the same indicator in the experimental group was set at 1.65.

Table 3 - Results of using synchronization schemes Index Group of animals Control group Experienced group first insemination (64-65 days after calving) re-insemination (74-75 days after calving) first insemination (64-65 days after calving) re-insemination (74-75 days after calving) Animals processed, heads. 15 9 15 6 They showed the desire, goal. 10 5 12 4 Inseminated cows (pregnant cows), heads. 6 2 9 2 The cows were not fertilized, naked. 4 3 3 2 Insemination index, arb. units 1.67 2.5 1.3 2.0

Thus, the proposed method allows you to increase the number of cows that come into heat, increase the number of fruitful inseminations, thereby reducing the consumption of sperm for fertilization, and reduce the insemination index by 0.45 conventional units compared to the “Presynch” synchronization scheme taken as the closest analogue.

Bibliography

1. Ermolenko, D.Yu. Synchronization of the reproductive cycle during artificial insemination of cows / D.Yu. Ermolenko, Yu.M. Serebryakov // Agrarian Bulletin of Primorye. - 2017. - No. 4(8). - pp. 34-37. - EDN ZWNUMR.

2. Kemeshov, Zh.O. Endocrine mechanisms of regulation of the reproductive cycle and features of folliculogenesis in beef cows and heifers of breeding age / Zh.O. Kemeshov, S.P. Pereryadkina // Bulletin of KrasGAU. - 2022. - No. 7(184). - pp. 192-198. - DOI 10.36718/1819-4036-2022-7-192-198. - EDN QNXZMC.

3. Knyazeva, M.V. Efficiency of synchronization of the reproductive cycle of cattle / M.V. Knyazeva // Current issues of improving the technology of production and processing of agricultural products. - 2020. - No. 22. - P. 278-281. - EDN SBPPEW.

4. Patent RU 2306944, publ. 09.27.2007, “A method for early stimulation of sexual cyclicity in cows after childbirth.”

5. Patent RU 2761137, publ. 12/06/2021, “Method of synchronization of the estrous cycle in female mice in an experiment.”

6. Khamitova, L.F. Synchronization of reproductive cycles of cows with chronic infertility / L.F. Khamitova // Trends in the development of science and education. - 2020. - No. 58-3. - pp. 54-57. - DOI 10.18411/lj-02-2020-49. - EDN SXZTZN.

7. Ekhorutomven, O.T. Interrelation of indicators of reproductive capacity of cows during frontal synchronization of heat / O.T. Ekhorutomwen, G.F. Medvedev // Current problems of intensive development of livestock farming. - 2021. - No. 24-1. - P. 27-35. - EDN ZVWDMG.

Claims (1)

A method for synchronizing the reproductive cycle of cows, including the “Presynch” synchronization scheme, where insemination of cows is carried out on the 64th day of the scheme, and subsequent insemination on the 75th day, on the 14th day “Estrumate” is given at a dose of 2.0 ml, repeated injections continue on the 28th and 42 days, on the 56th day an injection of “Fertagil” is given in a dose of 2.5 ml, on the 62nd day only “Estrumate” is given in a dose of 2.0 ml, on the 64th day an injection with “Fertagil” is given immediately before insemination for 15-20 minutes , characterized in that during synchronization according to the “Presynch” scheme, the immunostimulating drug “Aisidivit” is additionally administered at 10 mg/head per day on the 14th, 28th and 42nd days after calving, and a one-time administration of a vitamin preparation on the 62nd day after calving with the microelement “Selemag” at the rate of 5 ml/100 kg of body weight.