RU2801512C1 - Method for producing semi-finished product from brown algae - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: algae processing.

SUBSTANCE: method involves the preparation of algae - raw, frozen or dried and restored after soaking in potable water for 3-8 hours, cleaning from impurities and contaminants, processing in the reactor of a mechano-acoustic homogenizer at a power of 100-500 W/kg of algae for 30 minutes with a water duty of 1:1-1:5 at 40±5°C. The resulting semi-finished product is packaged and labelled. EFFECT: semi-finished product with a high content of alginic acid, iodine and antioxidants.

1 cl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, namely to the technology of complex processing of sea brown algae (for example, kelp and fucus) to obtain a gel-like product with a high content of alginic acid, iodine in organic form and antioxidants.

A known method for producing a functional semi-finished food product from kelp (RU 2634554, A23L 17/60, declared 08.08.2016, publ. 10.31.2017), including the preparation of raw materials (defrosting, washing, freeing from sand residues and impurities); thermal treatment of algae by heating three times in water to a temperature of 85-90 ° C at a ratio of water: kelp - 2: 1, followed by drainage of water in the air, and at the second stage of heating, citric acid is added to the water in an amount of 0.2-0, 25% by weight of kelp; packaging of the finished product. The disadvantage of this method is the complexity and multi-stage process. With triple heat treatment of algae, there is a significant decrease in the iodine content in the semi-finished product, as well as other biologically active compounds. In addition, the resulting functional food semi-finished product has a limited shelf life, which limits the possibility of its wide distribution.

A known method for producing a semi-finished food product from kelp algae (RU 2041656, A23L 1/337, declared 10/23/1991, publ. 08/20/1995), the essence of which lies in the fact that kelp algae (raw or dry restored) are crushed and treated with food acid at pH 1.0-3.0 for 2-3 h to obtain a hydrolyzed mass, which is then washed with water and treated with NaHCO ₃ to pH 8.0-9.0. The resulting mass is heated at a temperature of 80-95°C for 2-3 hours with occasional stirring and homogenized. The resulting homogenate is neutralized with edible acid to pH 6.0-6.5, edible calcium salt (for example, lactate, gluconate) is added in an amount of 0.3-0.5% by weight, packaged and pasteurized. The disadvantage of this method is that during prolonged heat treatment, the destruction of thermolabile compounds with biological activity, including vitamins, antioxidants, iodine in inorganic form, occurs.

Closest to the claimed method is a method for extracting water-soluble components from sea brown algae enriched with fucoidan and iodine (RU 2662368, A61K 36/03, B01D 11/02, application 02/12/2016, publ. 07/25/2018), including crushing and homogenization mixtures of raw materials in a solution of calcium chloride, followed by the extraction of water-soluble biologically active substances by filtration and drying. In this case, the raw material is pre-washed with water saturated with ozone, additional grinding of crushed algae is carried out at the speed of the rotary-pulsation homogenizer, which is from 10 to 50% of the maximum engine speed. After the stage of homogenization, cryodestruction of the homogenate is carried out (-18...-20°C for 20-48 h), filtration under pressure, concentration on a membrane cell, removal of calcium chloride and drying. The disadvantage of this method is a significant increase in the cost of technology due to the complexity of the process, as well as the use of freeze drying.

The technical objective of the present invention is to develop a method for obtaining a semi-finished product from brown seaweed (for example, kelp and fucus) to obtain a gel-like product with a high content of alginic acid, iodine and antioxidants.

The solution of the problem is achieved by the fact that the seaweed used sea brown kelp and fucus (raw, frozen or dried and restored after soaking in drinking water for 3-8 hours) are prepared (defrosted as necessary, cleaned of various impurities and contaminants), then placed in the reactor of a mechanoacoustic homogenizer (MAG) and processed at a power of 100-500 W/kg for 30 minutes with a hydromodule 1:1 - 1:5 at a temperature of 40±5°C, the resulting product is packaged and labeled.

After processing on the MAG, the resulting product can be dried or frozen, packaged and packaged in containers.

As a result of mechanoacoustic action, grinding, dispersion, homogenization and sterilization occur through the destruction of the cellular structures of plant materials, as well as microorganisms and their spore forms (local damage to the cell wall, fragmentation, incomplete or complete destruction of cells, extrusion of intracellular components). Low-frequency acoustic cavitation created in the MAG reactor creates mechanical effects (flow turbulence, vortices, microjets, and shock waves), which, in turn, cause radial movement of the cell wall and its further destruction.

As a result of mechanoacoustic action, there is an additional more complete release of alginic acid, iodine in organic form and compounds with antioxidant activity from the treated algae.

As a result, a homogeneous gel-like green algae mass is obtained, containing solid inclusions of dietary fiber particles no larger than 2 mm in size. In the resulting semi-finished product, the content of alginic acid is 34.0±1.4% in terms of dry matter; iodine 1.75±0.4% in terms of dry matter; polyphenolic substances 25.69±2.1 mg-eq of gallic acid/g of dry algae; carotenoids 0.31±0.4 mg/g; antiradical activity 33.65±1.3% DPPH (at a sample concentration of 1 mg/ml).

The proposed method allows to obtain a semi-finished product with a high content of alginic acid, iodine and antioxidants. The product has an increased sorption activity towards radioisotopes and heavy metals. Its use will eliminate iodine deficiency in the population, and also contributes to the prevention of oxidative stress and diseases associated with it. The semi-finished product can be used independently in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries or as an enricher with alginic acid, macro- and microelements, vitamins of food products for functional and specialized purposes.

In the process of MAG treatment of brown seaweed, alginic acid is released, which determines the main properties of brown seaweed gels. Alginates have a high chelating ability with respect to ions of heavy and radioactive metals and antioxidant activity (radical inhibitor -OH).

Inorganic iodine compounds, as a rule, are thermally and chemically unstable (losses when exposed to 100 ° C are at least 60%; iodide ions undergo secondary pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions with inorganic components of the atmosphere, water, and food nutrients). In addition, mineral iodine is highly toxic: the maximum allowable daily intake of iodine in the Russian Federation is 300 mcg [Recommended levels of consumption of food and biologically active substances: Guidelines MP 2.3.1.1915-04 - M .: Federal Center for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 2004. - 46 pp.], WHO recommendation - no more than 1000 mcg per day. In the tissues of algae, a significant part of iodine (15-25% of the total content) is present in the organic form in the form of 3-iodine-L-tyrosine and 3.5-diiodine-L-tyrosine amino acid fragments of the corresponding plant proteins. Organioiodine compounds having a covalent polar bond of a carbon atom with an atom or group of iodine atoms are very strong, exhibiting chemical and thermally stable properties.

The antioxidant activity of the obtained semi-finished product is due to the content of polyphenolic substances, carotenoids, polysaccharides in it. The composition of the polyphenol fraction of brown algae is characterized by a predominant content of phloroglucinol polymers - phlorotannins. Carotenoids in brown algae are represented by xanthophylls (for example, violoxanthin and fucoxanthin), which are highly stable to oxidation and light.

The proposed method is carried out as follows.

Obtaining a gel-like product from seaweed kelp and fucus, includes the preparation of algae - raw, frozen or dried and restored after soaking in drinking water for 3-8 hours, purification from impurities and contaminants, processing in a reactor of a mechanoacoustic homogenizer at a power of 100-500 W/kg of algae for 30 minutes with a hydromodule 1:1-1:5 at a temperature of 40±5°C, packaging and labeling of the resulting product.

Example 1 (control).

Brown seaweed (raw, frozen or restored after soaking dried algae in drinking water for 3-8 hours) is prepared (thawed as necessary, cleaned of various impurities and contaminants), crushed, treated with food acid at pH 1.0-3.0 within 2-3 h to obtain a hydrolyzed mass, which is then washed with water and treated with NaHCO ₃ to pH 8.0-9.0. The resulting mass is heated at a temperature of 80-95°C for 2-3 hours with occasional stirring and homogenized. The resulting homogenate is neutralized with food acid to pH 6.0-6.5, packaged and pasteurized.

Example 2

Brown seaweed (raw, frozen or restored after soaking dried algae in drinking water for 3-8 hours) is prepared (defrosted as necessary, cleaned of various impurities and contaminants), then placed in the reactor of a mechanoacoustic homogenizer (MAG) and processed at power 100-500 W/kg for 30 minutes with hydronic ratio 1:1 - 1:5 with temperature control at la level, packaged and labelled.

As a result of mechanoacoustic exposure in the semi-finished product, compared with the control sample, the content of alginic acid increases (on average) by 6.5%, iodine by 1.4%, polyphenolic substances by 27.3%, carotenoids by 8.5%, antiradical activity by 30.1%.

Claims (1)

A method for producing a gel-like product from seaweed kelp and fucus, including the preparation of algae - raw, frozen or dried and restored after soaking in drinking water for 3-8 hours, purification from impurities and contaminants, processing in a reactor of a mechanoacoustic homogenizer at a power of 100- 500 W/kg of algae for 30 minutes with a hydromodule 1:1-1:5 at a temperature of 40±5°C, packaging and labeling of the resulting product.