RU2800266C1 - Method for increasing the yield of grain crops by pre-sowing spraying of seeds and spraying plants in the late growing season with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the cultivation of cereals, in particular, winter wheat. The method for increasing the yield of grain crops involves pre-sowing treatment of seeds by spraying them with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 2.94 mcmol/l to 82.0 mcmol/l or from 0.1 mg/l to 2.8 mg/l, after which the seeds are kept for 10 to 15 hours and sowing is carried out. Additionally, the method provides for spraying grain crops in the late vegetation period with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 2.94 mcmol/l to 82.0 mcmol/l or from 0.1 mg/l to 2.8 mg/l. Also, the method for increasing the yield of grain crops includes spraying grain crops in the late vegetation period with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 2.94 mcmol/l to 82.0 mcmol/l or from 0.1 mg/l to 2.8 mg/ l.

EFFECT: earlier germination of seeds, significantly increased yield of grain crops.

3 cl, 4 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the cultivation of cereals, in particular, winter wheat at the stage of preparing seeds for sowing and in the late period of plant vegetation.

A known method of presowing treatment of seeds of cereal crops using electrochemically activated water (RU No. 2263432, IPC A01C 1/00).

The technical disadvantage of this method: the absence of the final result - the experiments were limited to the germination of seeds and the determination of the energy of seed germination in an amount of 50 to 100 pieces, which is not a basis for predicting and determining the yield. Tap water was subjected to electrochemical activation, which cannot be standardized by physical and chemical properties in different regions of the country, while chlorination of tap water is the most common method of water disinfection, which is also undesirable in crop production. In addition, electrochemically activated water was obtained at the STEL-MT-1 unit, which, according to the regulations, is intended only for the production of electroactivated common salt solutions.

The closest and accepted for the prototype is a method of cultivation of winter wheat, including soaking seeds in anolyte or catholyte, obtained as a result of electrochemical activation of water, for 8-10 hours, after which the seeds are embedded in the soil without drying (RU No. 2246813, IPC A01C 1/00).

The disadvantage of the method adopted for the prototype is that it is practically difficult to soak a large mass of seeds directly in the field, wet grains will stick together in the sowing machine, clog the ejection holes, which will lead to an uneven sowing step, require additional tedding of the seeds in the hopper of the sowing machine, which ultimately violates the sowing technology and leads to a low increase in yield compared to the control, namely: for anolyte - 117.3%, and for cat olita - 120.4%. The experiments were carried out on the fields of the Lower Volga region with winter wheat variety "Don-95".

The objective of the present invention is to develop a method for increasing the yield of crops.

To solve this problem, it is proposed to use pre-sowing spraying of seeds of grain crops and spraying plants in the late growing season with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration.

The technical result is to increase the yield of grain crops.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of increasing the yield of crops, pre-sowing spraying of seeds with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the concentration range from 2.94 μmol/l, or 0.1 mg/l, to 82.0 μmol/l, or 2.8 mg/l, is carried out, after which the seeds are kept from 10 to 15 hours and sown, and in the late period of vegetation of crops they are also sprayed with environmentally friendly water. hydrogen peroxide solution in the same concentration range.

In a variant of the method, only pre-sowing spraying of seeds is carried out with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the concentration range from 2.94 µmol/l, or 0.1 mg/l, to 82.0 µmol/l, or 2.8 mg/l, after which the seeds are kept for 10 to 15 hours and sowing is carried out.

In another variant of the method, only spraying in the late period of vegetation of crops is carried out with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the concentration range from 2.94 µmol/l, or 0.1 mg/l, to 82.0 µmol/l, or 2.8 mg/l.

A method for increasing the yield of grain crops by pre-sowing spraying of seeds and spraying plants in the late growing season with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration is implemented as follows.

It is known that hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide, H ₂ O ₂ ) plays a significant role in the Earth's biosphere, in particular, in the life of plants (Komissarov G.G. "Photosynthesis: a physico-chemical approach" - Moscow: Editorial URSS, 2003, section 3.3. "Hydrogen peroxide is a source of photosynthetic oxygen (hydrogen)", pp. 154-170).

For the first time, the formation of hydrogen peroxide during high-energy exposure in the atmosphere was discovered by Meissner back in the 19th century, namely: he discovered the presence of hydrogen peroxide in a thunderstorm. In the same 19th century, Schöne found that near Moscow the concentration of hydrogen peroxide “in thunderstorm rain is 1 mg / l” (cited by Pozin M.E. “Hydrogen peroxide and peroxide compounds”, State Publishing House of Scientific and Technical Literature: Leningrad, Moscow, 1951, p. 31). In general, near Moscow for the period from 1874 to 1894. found that the content of H ₂ O ₂ (quoted from the Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus, I.A. Efron, article “Hydrogen Peroxide”. - St. Petersburg, 1898. - Volume XXIII. - P. 215).

For comparison, in sea rain in the Gulf of Mexico region, where tropical thunderstorms are frequent and more severe, hydrogen peroxide concentrations range from 11.4 to 82 µmol/L, or 0.4 to 2.8 mg/L, with an average value of 40.2 µmol/L, or 1.4 mg/L (Cooper WJ, Saltzman ES, Zika RG “The contribution of rainwater to variability in surface ocean hydrogen peroxide ”, Journal of Geophysical Research, 1987. V. 92. P. 2970. DOI: 10.1029/JC092iC03p02970), which is comparable to the concentration of H ₂ O ₂ in a thunderstorm near Moscow. The highest concentration of hydrogen peroxide in rainwater on Earth was also recorded there - 82 μmol / l, or 2.8 mg / l.

An estimate of the annual flow of H ₂ O ₂ in water sediments showed that annually with precipitation, 2⋅10 ¹¹ moles of hydrogen peroxide, that is, about 10 ⁷ tons, enter the Earth (Domrachev G.A., Selivanovsky D.A., Stunzhas P.A. et al. Efficiency of the formation of hydrogen peroxide and water radicals in nature / Preprint IAP RAS No. 537. Nizhny Novgorod, 2000), which allows us to consider the formation of H ₂ O ₂ in the atmosphere as the main source of hydrogen peroxide on Earth, while it is found everywhere on Earth - in rainwater over the sea and land, in sea and fresh water with a concentration in the range of tens of µmol/l. This is consistent with the point of view of D.I. Mendeleev: (quoted from Fundamentals of chemistry. St. Petersburg: Type-lithography by M.P. Frolova, 7th edition, 1903, p. 152), which is a fundamental condition for the participation of hydrogen peroxide in biological processes, in particular, in the vital activity of plants.

So, the classical equation, which reflects the main essence of photosynthesis:

supplemented with one more member - hydrogen peroxide:

(Komissarov G.G. "Photosynthesis: physical and chemical approach" - Moscow: Editorial URSS, 2003, section 3.3. "Hydrogen peroxide - a source of photosynthetic oxygen (hydrogen)", p. 155).

At first glance, it may seem that we are talking about a very small concentration of hydrogen peroxide, which is not related to photosynthesis, but this is not so. By evaporation of an aqueous solution of peroxide, its concentration can be increased tenfold, since its volatility is much less than that of water. So, the heat of vaporization of pure hydrogen peroxide is 12.33 kcal / mol, water - 10.51 kcal / mol. The method of concentration of hydrogen peroxide by simple distillation of water is used in chemical practice.

Transpiration (evaporation of water by plants) performs the same function along with protecting plants from overheating. Of every kilogram of water absorbed by the roots from the soil, only 1 gram (1/1000 part!) Is used by the plant to build tissue. Thus, a green leaf can be considered as a kind of concentrator capable of increasing the content of hydrogen peroxide in the intracellular fluid by several orders of magnitude compared to its content in the original water (Komissarov G.G. “Photosynthesis: a physico-chemical approach” - Moscow: Editorial URSS, 2003, section 3.3. “Hydrogen peroxide is a source of photosynthetic oxygen (hydrogen)”, p. 156).

However, the widespread use of hydrogen peroxide in crop production is constrained by the lack of technology for the production of environmentally friendly hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration.

Currently, to obtain hydrogen peroxide (peroxide), an electrochemical method is used through persulfuric acid and an organic method of liquid-phase oxidation of isopropyl alcohol according to GOST 177-88 “Hydrogen peroxide. Specifications". In this case, the resulting highly concentrated solution of H ₂ O ₂ contains toxic stabilizers (sulfuric acid, arsenic, etc.) added to slow down the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, which do not allow its use in crop production.

To obtain an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide without any chemical stabilizing additives, the team of authors created a nature-like method and installation that provides high-energy non-contact impact on water by high-voltage electric discharge streamers (Strebkov D.S., Budnik M.I., Apasheva L.M. et al. physics and chemistry. BFFH-2020: materials of the XV international scientific conference, Sevastopol, September 14-16, 2020 - Sevastopol, 2020, pp. 174-175).

For standardization, the initial environmentally friendly solution of hydrogen peroxide is obtained from distilled water, acting on it with streamers of a high-voltage electric discharge, which is diluted to working concentrations.

The obtained working concentrations of environmentally friendly aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide are comparable with the sign of biologically high-grade natural water according to the Interstate standard GOST 32460-2013 (2.94 µmol/l, or 0.1 mg/l) and with the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the thunderstorm rain of the Moscow region (29.4 µmol/l, or 1 mg/l) (Pozin M.E. "Hydrogen peroxide and peroxide compounds", State Scientific- technical publishing house of chemical literature: Leningrad, Moscow, 1951, p. 31), as well as with an average value in rainwater in the Gulf of Mexico (40.2 µmol/l, or 1.4 mg/l) and do not exceed the highest concentration of hydrogen peroxide in rainwater on Earth - 82 µmol/l, or 2.8 mg/l.

Pre-sowing spraying of seeds of grain crops is carried out with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the range of natural concentrations from 2.94 μmol/l, or 0.1 mg/l, to 82.0 μmol/l, or 2.8 mg/l, after which the seeds are kept for 10 to 15 hours and sown, and in the late period of vegetation of crops they are also sprayed with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the same concentration range. ation.

Only pre-sowing spraying of seeds with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide is possible in the range of natural concentrations from 2.94 µmol/l, or 0.1 mg/l, to 82.0 µmol/l, or 2.8 mg/l, followed by keeping them before sowing from 10 to 15 hours.

It is only possible to spray in the late growing season of crops with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the range of natural concentrations from 2.94 µmol/l, or 0.1 mg/l, to 82.0 µmol/l, or 2.8 mg/l.

An example of the implementation and effectiveness of the proposed method.

The experiments were carried out on the fields of the Lower Volga region, in particular, on the territory of the Saratov region with winter wheat of the Saratovskaya 90 variety (grain family) in the period from 09.2020 to 08.2021.

The initial environmentally friendly solution of hydrogen peroxide obtained from distilled water was diluted with local natural water to 5 µmol/l, or 0.17 mg/l, and 50 µmol/l, or 1.7 mg/l, based on the use of 20 l of the working solution of the appropriate concentration per ~1000 kg of winter wheat seeds intended for sowing on ~5 ha.

Four groups of seeds weighing ~1000 kg each were identified.

The first group was the control group, in which the seeds were preliminarily sprayed with 20 liters of natural local water.

The second group is a farmer group, the seeds of which were pre-sprayed with 20 liters of a complex chemical solution, usually used in the cultivation of winter wheat.

The third group is experimental, the seeds of which were preliminarily sprayed with 20 l of an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 5 μmol/l, or 0.17 mg/l (hereinafter referred to as ecoperoxide-5).

The fourth group is experimental, the seeds in which were preliminarily sprayed with 20 l of an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 50 µmol/l, or 1.7 mg/l (hereinafter referred to as ecoperoxide-50).

Pre-sowing spraying of seeds was carried out on September 03, 2020. After spraying and thorough mixing, the seeds were poured into bags and kept for 12 hours in the shade. Then, on the next day, each group of seeds was sown with an aggregate of seeders on ~5 ha of the field in such a way that the total sowing area was ~20 ha with a passage width between groups of 0.7–1 m.

Field germination: in the third (spraying seeds with ecoperoxide-5) and the fourth (spraying seeds with ecoperoxide-50) experimental groups, winter wheat sprouted 2-3 days earlier than in the first control and second farmer groups.

Characteristics of winter wheat in the booting phase are presented in Table 1.

Table 1 - Characteristics of winter wheat variety "Saratovskaya 90" in the bobbing phase with pre-sowing spraying of seeds with natural local water, a farm complex chemical solution, solutions of ecoperoxide-5 and ecoperoxide-50 Indicators Natural local water Complex chemistry Ecopercoside-5 Ecopercoside-50 Sheaf height ¹ cm 48.7±1.6m 52.0±1.1 52.3±1.2 53.6±0.9 ² * Raw weight of sheaf ¹ , g 23.6±2.7 32.1±4.1 37.9±2.7 ² ** 35.0±2.2 ² ** Raw weight of the above-ground part of the sheaf ¹ , g 20.3±2.4 28.1±3.8 33.7±2.5 ² ** 30.9±1.9 ² ** Dry weight of the above-ground part of the sheaf ¹ , g 9.2±1.0 11.0±1.4 15.7±2.6 ² * 12.8±1.0 ² *

Note:

¹ in a sheaf of 5 plants, statistical analysis was carried out for 7 sheaves;

² differences are significant in comparison with the characteristics of winter wheat of the first control group "Natural local water" according to Student's t-test;

differences are significant according to Student's t-test with significance level: *р<0.05; **p<0.01.

As can be seen from Table 1, the highest rates occur in the experimental groups with ecoperoxide-5 and ecoperoxide-50, while, which is especially valuable, the maximum difference between the groups is observed when measuring the dry mass of the aerial part.

In the late growing season between the phases of bobbing and milky-wax ripeness of winter wheat, a single spraying of half of each of the four plots was carried out, that is, 2.5 ha in the first, second, third and fourth groups, respectively. Spraying was carried out with an ecoperoxide-5 solution using a Tuman-3 self-propelled boom sprayer. The second half of the above areas were left without spraying.

Comparative characteristics of the dry mass of the above-ground part of a sheaf of winter wheat in the phase of milky-wax ripeness with spraying with ecoperoxide-5 solution and without spraying in the late growing season are presented in Table 2.

Table 2 - Dry weight of the above-ground part of the sheaf of winter wheat variety "Saratovskaya 90" in the phase of milky-wax ripeness with spraying with ecoperoxide-5 and without spraying in the late growing season in groups with different pre-sowing spraying of seeds Indicators natural local
water Complex chemistry Ecopercoside-5 Ecopercoside-50 Dry weight of the aerial part of sheaf ¹ with spraying, g 12.7±1.3 15.6±1.5 14.7±1.3 19.3±1.8** Dry weight of the above-ground part of sheaf ¹ without spraying, g 12.4±1.7 15.3±2.1 12.4±1.2 16.3±1.7 Difference in the dry weight of the above-ground part of the sheaf, g 0.3 0.3 2.3 3.0

Note:

¹ in a sheaf of 5 plants, statistical analysis was carried out for 7 sheaves;

** differences are significant compared with the dry weight of the above-ground part of the winter wheat sheaf of the first control group "Natural local water" according to Student's t-test with a significance level of p<0.01.

As can be seen from Table 2, in all groups, when plants were sprayed with a solution of ecoperoxide-5 during the growing season, a tendency to higher dry weight of the aerial part of the sheaf was observed compared to the same indicators, but without spraying plants during the growing season, while there was a consistent increase in the difference in the dry weight of the aerial part of the sheaf from the first control group (“Natural local water”) to the fourth experimental group (“Ecoperoxide-50”). The largest dry weight of the aerial part of the sheaf took place in the fourth experimental group with spraying of plants with a solution of ecoperoxide-5 during the growing season ("Ecoperoxide-50").

In addition, on average, on one bush of winter wheat in the fourth experimental group ("Ecoperoxide-50") with spraying of plants with a solution of ecoperoxide-5 in the late growing season, 7 ears were formed, which is 1-2 ears more compared to the same indicator in other groups.

Higher dry weight of the sheaf in all groups with spraying of plants with ecoperoxide-5 solution in the late growing season, as well as the largest number of ears formed on one bush in the fourth experimental group with spraying, naturally found their confirmation at harvest on July 12, 2021, which is reflected in Table 3.

Table 3 - Yield and percentage of grain by weight in a sheaf of winter wheat variety "Saratovskaya 90" sprayed with ecoperoxide-5 and without spraying in the late growing season in groups with different pre-sowing spraying of seeds Indicators Natural local water Complex chemistry Ecopercoside-5 Ecopercoside-50 Yield ¹ ,
c/ha with spraying 21.0±1.7 21.1±2.1 28.9±4.5 32.0±2.7 ² ** without spraying 16.0±0.9 16.0±0.9 20.3±1.0 ³ ** 26.9±2.7 ³ ** R <0.05 <0.05 <0.1 - Percentage
grain content by weight in a sheaf, % with spraying 30.7±2.7 32.5±1.5 31.4±2.7 37.8±3.3 without
sprinkle-nodding 19.9±1.4 19.3±1.0 23.3± ^0.75 * ^;
6 ** 29.4±1.5 ⁴ *** R <0.01 <0.001 <0.05 <0.05

Note:

differences are significant according to Student's t-test with a significance level:

*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001;

¹ yield was determined by 7 sheaves, each sheaf was collected from 0.25 m ² ;

² differences are significant in comparison with the groups "Natural local water" and "Complex chemistry" with spraying with ecoperoxide-5 solution according to Student's t-test;

^3.4 differences are significant in comparison with the groups "Natural local water" and "Complex chemistry" without spraying by Student's t-test;

^5.6 the differences are significant compared to the groups "Natural local water" ⁵ and "Complex chemistry" ⁶ without spraying by Student's t-test.

As follows from Table 3, in the end result, the highest yield and percentage of grain by weight in the sheaf occur in the fourth experimental group "Ecoperoxide-50", in which pre-sowing spraying of seeds with a solution of ecoperoxide-50 and a single spraying of plants with a solution of ecoperoxide-5 in the late vegetative period between the phases of tubing and milky-wax ripeness were carried out.

Comparison of the yield of the fourth experimental group "Ecoperoxide-50" with spraying with the yield in the first control ("Natural local water"), the second farmer ("Complex chemistry") groups with spraying and in the first control ("Natural local water"), the second farmer ("Complex chemistry") groups without spraying in the late growing season showed that in the first case, the increase in yield was 152% (32.0 × 100% /21.0 (21.1)), and in the second case - 200% (32.0×100%/16.0).

Comparison of the percentage of grain by weight in the sheaf in the fourth experimental group "Ecoperoxide-50" with spraying with the same indicator in the first control ("Natural local water") and the second farmer ("Complex chemistry") groups with spraying in the late growing season showed that there is an increase in the percentage of grain by weight in the sheaf by 123% (37.8 × 100% / 30.7) and 116% ( 37.8 × 100% / 32.5) compared with the first control (“Natural local water”) and the second farmer (“Complex chemistry”) groups, respectively.

Comparison of the percentage of grain by weight in the sheaf in the fourth experimental group "Ecoperoxide-50" with spraying with the same indicator in the first control ("Natural local water") and the second farmer ("Complex chemistry") groups without spraying in the late growing season showed that there is an increase in the percentage of grain by weight in the sheaf by 190% (37.8x100% / 19.9) and 196% (3 7.8 × 100% / 19.3) compared with the first control (“Natural local water”) and the second farmer (“Complex chemistry”) groups, respectively.

However, it is very important to note:

- even just one pre-sowing spraying of seeds of grain crops with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration without spraying grain crops in the late growing season led to a significant significant increase in yield up to 127% (20.3 × 100% / 16.0) in the third (“Ecoperoxide-5”) and up to 168% (26.9 × 100% / 16.0) in the fourth (“Ecoperoxide-50 ”) in the experimental groups compared with the first control and second farmer groups, and the percentage of grain by weight in the sheaf from 117% (23.3 × 100% / 19.9) to 121% (23.3 × 100% / 19.3) in the third experimental group (“Ecoperoxide-5”) compared with the first control and second farmer groups, respectively, and from 148% (29.4 × 100% / 19.9) to 152% (29.4×100%/19.3) in the fourth experimental group ("Ecoperoxide-50") compared also with the first control and second farmer groups, respectively;

- even only a single spraying of grain crops in the late growing season with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration without pre-sowing spraying of seeds of grain crops (the first control group "Natural local water" and the second farmer group "Complex chemistry") led to a significant significant increase in both yields up to 131% (21.0 × 100% / 16.0) in the first ("Natural local water") and up to 132% (21.1×100%/16.0) in the second ("Complex Chemistry") groups, and the percentage of grain by weight in the sheaf up to 154% (30.7×100%/19.9) in the first ("Natural local water") and up to 168% (32.5×100%/19.3) in the second ("Complex chemistry") groups compared to the first control and second farmer groups without spraying, respectively .

The yield results obtained in the first control group (“Natural Local Water”), the second farm group (“Complex Chemistry”) without spraying, and the fourth experimental group (“Ecoperoxide-50”) with spraying were compared with official data on the 2021 harvest of winter wheat in the Saratov region as of June 30, 2021 (Table 4).

Table 4 - Comparison of the yield of winter wheat obtained in the first control ("Natural local water"), the second farmer ("Complex Chemistry") groups without spraying and the fourth experimental group ("Ecoperoxide-50") with spraying, with official data on the 2021 harvest in the Saratov region as of 06/30/2021 Official data, q/ha Natural local
water without
poll-
nodding, c/ha Complex chemistry without spraying, c/ha Ecopercoside-50 with spraying, c/ha Yield of Ecopercoside-50 with spraying in relation to official data, % Yield of Ecopercoside-50 with spraying in relation to experimental data, % 16.3 ¹ 16.0 ² 16.0 ² 32.0 ² 196 200

Note:

¹ average yield of winter wheat in the Saratov region as of June 30, 2021, according to the Saratov branch of the Center for Agroanalytics (source of information:

https://specagro.ru/news/202106/v-saratovskoy-oblasti-nachalas-uborochnaya-kampaniya);

² average yield of winter wheat in the Saratov region as of July 12, 2021 in the experimental groups.

The comparison convincingly showed that the experimental yield data without pre-sowing spraying of seeds of grain crops with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration (the first control group "Natural local water") and the second farm group "Complex Chemistry") practically coincide with the official ones, and the percentage increase in yield in the group with the best experimental data (the fourth experimental group "Ecopercoside-50") compared to the first control group ("Natural local water"), the second farmer group ("Complex Chemistry”) differs by only 4% between groups and official data.

Thus, pre-sowing spraying of seeds of grain crops and spraying of grain crops in the late growing season with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of natural concentration is a highly effective agricultural technique for significantly increasing the yield of grain crops, while even just one pre-sowing spraying of seeds of grain crops or a single spraying of grain crops in the late growing season leads to a significant increase in the yield of grain crops, and pre-sowing spraying of grain seeds New crops and spraying crops late in the growing season increase yields even more.

Claims (3)

1. A method for increasing the yield of grain crops, characterized in that pre-sowing treatment of seeds is carried out by spraying them with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 2.94 µmol/l to 82.0 µmol/l or from 0.1 mg/l to 2.8 mg/l, after which the seeds are kept for 10 to 15 hours and sowing is carried out. 2. A method for increasing the yield of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that the crops are additionally sprayed in the late vegetation period with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 2.94 µmol/l to 82.0 µmol/l or from 0.1 mg/l to 2.8 mg/l. 3. A method for increasing the yield of grain crops, characterized in that grain crops are sprayed in the late vegetation period with an environmentally friendly aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 2.94 µmol/l to 82.0 µmol/l or from 0.1 mg/l to 2.8 mg/l.