RU2796245C1 - Method of treatment of skin neoplasms by cryodestruction in animals, mainly in cats and dogs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary medicine, namely to dermatology and oncology. Cryodestruction is carried out by the contact method, using 3-5 applications with a duration of 30-40 seconds for each neoplasm in one session, with a 1-3-minute interval between them. Healing control is carried out after 14 days. In case of deep skin lesions, the cryodestruction session is repeated in 10-14 days.

EFFECT: method is non-invasive, allows increasing the treatment efficacy, reducing the duration of the animal preparation to surgery - it does not require the fur removal, additional aseptics and antiseptics, as well as reducing the time and treatment injury rate without damaging the surrounding skin areas, the method does not require anaesthesia and does not cause itching, which accelerates the healing process.

1 cl, 4 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to surgery, and can be used in veterinary medicine, in the complex treatment of skin tumors in animals, mainly in cats and dogs.

From the prior art there is known a method for the treatment of skin tumors in animals, in which complex therapy is carried out, including general (antibacterial, immunocorrective, desensitizing, antioxidant, hyperbaric oxygenation) and local (surgical removal) and therapeutic and preventive measures. These funds are used in surgical practice to eliminate skin tumors in animals and reconstruct the damaged area of the skin. All of them have their positive aspects, but do not eliminate the important pathogenetic mechanism of tumor progression and recurrence. (Kochenov, V.I. Cryological preventive oncology, a short textbook for doctors and students (second edition, revised) Nizhny Novgorod, 2003).

The disadvantage of the known methods, therefore, is the low efficiency.

There is a known method for the treatment of benign neoplasms, including electrocoagulation of the exophytic part or superficial zone of the tumor and further cryotherapy on the tumor (Dr. Eliezer Turjansky, dra. Ester Stolar. - Lesiones de Piel in Mucosas Tecnicas terapeuticas. - Edama, Editorial Association Medica Argentina. Avda. Santa Fe 1171 Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1995).

However, during electrocoagulation, burning occurs, high temperature evaporation and complete removal of the substrate that serves to cause immune therapeutic effects, that is, immunostimulation after treatment is not provided. The method is traumatic and not cosmetic, since during high-temperature evaporation, the tissue gets burned, charred, and a hole forms in its place. After evaporation, cryotherapy is performed, but it is practically impossible to find the so-called growth zone that extends into the depth of the tissue, fix the applicator on it and act on it accurately and deeply enough, since the formation stem indicating the location of the growth zone has already been eliminated.

The closest technical solution (prototype) of the proposed invention is RF patent No. 2261064, which describes a method for cryodestruction of benign formations, including preliminary passive cooling of the applicator and multiple application freezing, in the presence of an exophytic tumor, the exophytic part of the tumor is captured by a pair of cryoapplicators facing one another with working surfaces , with the possibility of their mutual fixation, applicators squeeze the tumor with a deformation of up to 1/3-2/3 of its initial diameter, pull it away from the surrounding healthy tissues with applicators, while with a large volume of the exophytic part of the tumor when the freezing zones generated by each of the pair of applicators approach each other , by 1/3 of the distance between the applicators, increase the degree of tumor compression by the applicators.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of its execution, lack of efficiency and duration for use in the treatment of animals. The disadvantage is the inability to control the depth of freezing, turning and using hard applicators can injure the skin of the animal, since the skin of a cat is thinner than that of a person. The thickness of the skin of the body is approximately 4-5 mm - in humans (adult, back). The thickness of the skin of a cat's body is 1.5-2.5 mm. The thickness of the skin of the dog's body is 2-4 mm.

The task of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of treatment, reduce the duration and reduce the trauma of treatment, as well as reduce the time for preparation.

The problem is solved by using a porous titanium alloy cryoapplicator to remove tumors on the skin of cats and dogs, used according to the proposed scheme.

The technical result of using the method of treatment lies in the fact that the removal of a tumor on the skin of cats and dogs using a porous titanium alloy cryoapplicator freezes deeply and does not injure thin skin, and also does not require preliminary preparation of the animal: removal of the coat, application of anesthesia, does not require loss time for additional asepsis and antisepsis.

A method for treating skin tumors by cryodestruction in animals is carried out by removing the tumor using a porous titanium alloy cryoapplicator. "Freezing" is subjected directly to the site affected by the tumor, thus, the surrounding tissues do not suffer. Cryodestruction is carried out by contact method of tissue cooling. The procedure does not require additional preparation. When used, the porous titanium alloy applicator is placed in liquid nitrogen at a low temperature (-198°C) and when exposed to the skin of the animal, cooling occurs without pain. When using the applicator in one session, 3-5 applications are used for 30-40 seconds, with 1-3 minute thawing between them. The applicator, at the same time, is selected in an area larger than the neoplasms, the application is carried out in a “dry” way with an interval between sessions of 10-14 days (the dry method is as atraumatic as possible, porous titanium, due to its structure, keeps a negative temperature on its surface for a long time, is inert, (it has bactericidal properties ).In the implementation of the proposed method, the use of antiseptic preparations and treatment methods is not required, repeated procedures can be done immediately, without wasting time on additional asepsis and antiseptics.In this regard, the animal can be performed the procedure without general and local anesthesia and in the most inaccessible places (eyes , nasal cavity, etc.) Also, when using this method, the area affected by the tumor is directly “frozen” and the surrounding tissues do not suffer, which means that the skin defect will be minimal and does not require medical correction in the subsequent postoperative period. complex treatment and concomitant therapy. If the lesion is minor and primary (less than 4 mm) and is removed during the first session, then it is possible to use immunomodulators and B vitamins, in particular Butastim (Katozal).

Removal of skin tumors with a cryodestructor (cryoapplicator) is characterized by the fact that the affected area can be moderately moistened with water (cannot be rubbed). Also, there is no itching, which is always present during healing after thermocoagulation, it is combed by the animal and slows down healing.

The essence of the invention is confirmed by clinical examples :

Example 1:

Dog Pearl, 9 years old Boerboel mix, with multiple papillomas on the limbs and body, the primary diagnosis is an aggressive form of skin neoplasm, the dog does not tolerate general anesthesia. The dog underwent cryodestruction: an applicator made of a porous titanium alloy (US Pat. RF No. 172978) was placed in liquid nitrogen at a low temperature (-198°C), followed by three application of the applicator during one session for 40 seconds for each neoplasm, with thawing between application of the applicator for about a minute, the treatment was carried out on an outpatient basis. It should be noted that in preparation for the removal of the tumor, there was no need to pre-shear the hair. During the first day, swelling began to increase. The neoplasm was injured BEFORE the cryodestruction session, but there was no deterioration. The owner contacted 10 days after the session (Fig. 2). The animal was invited to another session of cryodestruction according to the same scheme (figure 3). Further consultations were conducted online (figure 4). Control photo one month after the last session. Figure 4 shows that in the zone of cryodestruction there is no pigmentation, but there is also no hairline (marked with an arrow).

The most important advantage of cryodestruction was the absence of complex treatments, the absence of mobility restrictions and the admissibility of water procedures (in the region where the dog lives, the temperature is 30 degrees), the dog cools down in reservoirs.

As a result, healing took place without complications, no relapses were observed. The animal was not subjected to anesthesia, so no additional treatment to restore body functions was carried out. The prognosis is favorable.

To illustrate this example, photographs are provided illustrating the condition of the dog.

Figure 1 - Pearl at the stage of contacting the owner;

Figure 2 - Pearl immediately after the session;

Figure 3 - Pearl 10 days after the session;

Figure 4 - Control photograph one month after the last

session.

Example 2

Russian blue cat, 16 years old, found on the street, overweight and comorbidities, multiple papillomas on his back, does not tolerate manipulations associated with anesthesia. The animal underwent an operation to remove the largest papillomas by thermocoagulation under general gas anesthesia, small scars remained, after 2 months many new papillomas appeared on the skin. Later, within two years, papillomas were removed with a cryodestructor, approximately one session every 6-10 months. During the sessions, the porous titanium alloy applicator was placed in liquid nitrogen at a low temperature (-198°C), then the applicator was applied to the affected area for 30-40 seconds for each neoplasm, with thawing between applicator applications for approximately 1-1.5 minutes.

In places where there were papillomas, the appearance of new ones is absent, in other areas there are single recurrences. The healing process in the cat was painless for the animal, papillomas decreased in volume and fell off after 10-14 days. An important point is the absence of itching, since the animal tried in every possible way to reach the skin after coagulation with its claws and tongue.

This technique allows for the treatment of animals with a reduction in the length of stay of patients in the clinic, or at the place of residence, with complete tissue restoration, which, in turn, leads to a positive economic effect.

Thus, we can conclude that the problem facing the invention is solved.

Claims (1)

A method for the treatment of neoplasms on the skin by cryodestruction in cats and dogs, including application freezing, characterized in that cryodestruction is carried out by contact, using 3-5 applications of 30-40 seconds in one session for each neoplasm with a 1-3-minute break between them , while the control of healing is carried out after 14 days, and in case of deep damage to the skin surface, the cryodestruction session is repeated after 10-14 days.

Images