RU2796223C1 - Method for hydromechanical cleaning of barrels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: method for mechanical cleaning of a weapon barrel, in which the barrel is covered at both ends with special seals, a liquid cleaning chemical is introduced into this closed barrel, and exposure is made to soften and dissolve carbon deposits, copper plating and other contaminants. Then mechanical cleaning is carried out with a cleaning element using a actuator. The cleaning element moves along the barrel bore by cable tension and is equipped with a cleaning ring and a valve for bypassing the washing solution, the seal in the pulling direction has a hole for the cable to pass through, it also houses a hydraulic shock device. Mechanical cleaning is carried out by transferring a series of force pulses to the cleaning ring by hydraulic shocks, the cleaning ring moves under the influence of a hydraulic shock, cleans part of the barrel bore surface, opens the cleaning fluid bypass valve, providing flushing of the cleaned contaminants, while the pulse frequency is determined from a mathematical relationship

where n is the frequency of hydraulic shocks, L is the length of the bore.

EFFECT: reduction in the time and labor intensity of cleaning gun barrels without lowering the quality.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to military equipment: to maintenance facilities and can be used when cleaning gun barrels after firing to reduce the negative effect of chemical compounds on internal surfaces.

The gun barrel is the most intense part of the weapon. High pressure develops in its channel during a shot, and the products of combustion of gunpowder and capsule composition are chemically aggressive and harmful to the metal from which the barrel is made. In this case, solid products are formed that spoil the polished surface of the bore.

The combustion products of the capsule composition act most aggressively. For example, red-hot particles of potassium chloride combine with the metal of the surface of the bore, as a result of which the steel in such places becomes fusible. The molten particles of this steel are carried out by powder gases, in their place the barrel bore first loses its luster and becomes rough, eventually covered with a rash, and then with small shells. This phenomenon is called trunk flaring. The height of the barrel is observed immediately after the projectile (bullet) entry. Potassium chloride remaining on the surface of the bore is hygroscopic and combines with atmospheric moisture. As a result of this, an electrochemical process of steel corrosion occurs: intensive rusting of the barrel walls.

Copper, which is part of the obturating belts of projectiles or bullet shells, is deposited on the surfaces of the barrels, oxidizes and leads to a long corrosion process. To clean the barrels, various compositions and machines, as well as mechanized devices, are used.

According to RF patent No. 2391447, an invention is known that can be used to remove carbon deposits, residues of copper or its alloys (bronze), lead and their oxides remaining from bullets after firing from the surface of barrel channels. The composition contains Trilon B, an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, a product of the interaction of boric acid with diethanolamine, benzotriazole, aqueous ammonia. The technical result of the invention is the creation of a universal composition for cleaning barrels from carbon deposits, deposits of copper and its alloys, their oxides, as well as increasing the shelf life of the cleaning composition.

According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2293943, the invention "Method and device for cleaning the barrel of a gun" is known, characterized in that the barrel is tightly covered from both ends, a liquid chemical composition is introduced there, the spent chemical composition and contaminants are removed mechanically by a cleaning element using a number of drives. This invention is the closest in terms of problems and is selected as an analogue.

The disadvantage of this invention is the repetition of the existing procedure for cleaning weapons (reciprocating movement of the cleaning element in many cycles with an amplitude exceeding the length of the cleaning element) with the replacement of manual work of people with mechanical work using a number of drives, including gearboxes, pulleys, belts, chains, etc. P. This creates great inconvenience when cleaning long-barreled weapons (all long-range and anti-tank guns).

The technical problem of the invention is the need to develop a cleaning method that is equally suitable for cleaning all types of small arms, cannons and artillery weapons, and its practical application will not require complex devices, including pulleys, gearboxes, etc.

A method of hydromechanical cleaning of a gun barrel is proposed, in which the barrel is covered at both ends with special seals, a liquid cleaning chemical is introduced into this closed barrel, exposure is made to soften and dissolve carbon deposits, copper plating and other contaminants, mechanical cleaning is carried out with a cleaning element, while the cleaning element moves along the bore by cable tension and is equipped with a cleaning ring and a valve for bypassing the washing solution, the seal in the pulling direction has a hole for passing the cable, it also houses a hydraulic percussion device, mechanical cleaning is carried out by transferring a series of force impulses to the cleaning ring by hydraulic shocks, the cleaning ring moves under under the influence of a water hammer, cleans a part of the surface of the bore, opens the bypass valve of the cleaning fluid, providing flushing of the cleaned off contaminants, while the pulse frequency is determined from the mathematical relationship:

where n is the frequency of hydraulic shocks, L is the length of the bore.

Mathematical dependence is derived from the position: the reverse wave of water hammer should not meet with the direct wave of the next water hammer.

Hence: wave path length: 2L (double barrel length, m), wave speed: 1400 m/s, hence the maximum pulse frequency:

where n is the pulse frequency (s ^-1 ), L is the length of the bore. And for security reasons:

The salient features are:

- the use of water hammer ensures highly efficient transmission of the force impulse from the water hammer to the cleaning ring.

- flushing of deposits through the valve eliminates the presence of cleaned solid particles of carbon deposits with abrasive properties in the cleaning zone,

- the use of a series of pulses with the proposed frequency eliminates the occurrence of superposition (meeting of forward and backward waves).

The method is illustrated by the figures shown in Fig.1 and 2.

Figure 1 shows the general scheme of cleaning the barrel according to the proposed method, figure 2 - diagram of the cleaning device.

The figures indicate:

1 - trunk,

2 - cleaning element,

3 - cable,

4, 5 - seals,

6 - hydraulic percussion device,

7 - cleaning ring,

8 - valve.

The method is carried out as follows: a cleaning element 2 is inserted into the barrel 1 from one end, a cable 3 attached to the cleaning element is passed through the hole in the seal 4 on the other side of the barrel. The barrel is covered at both ends with seals 4, 5, a liquid cleaning chemical is introduced into this closed barrel, an exposure is made to soften and dissolve carbon deposits, copper plating and other contaminants. Remove the remaining air from the cavity of the trunk. Pull the cable (for example - with a manual collar with a ratchet). Include hydropercussion device 6, placed in the seal with a hole for the cable. In this case, the cleaning element, equipped with a cleaning ring 7 and a valve 8 for bypassing the washing solution, moves along the bore by pulling the cable. The pulling speed is determined by the caliber of the weapon: the larger the caliber, the lower the pulling speed. Mechanical cleaning is carried out by transferring a series of force impulses to the cleaning ring by water hammers: the cleaning ring moves under the influence of a water hammer (the use of a water hammer provides a highly efficient transfer of a force impulse from the hydraulic hammer to the cleaning ring), cleans a part of the surface of the bore, opens the cleaning fluid bypass valve, providing flushing of the cleaned off contaminants (washing away deposits through the valve eliminates the presence of cleaned solid carbon particles with abrasive properties in the cleaning zone), while the pulse frequency (the use of a series of pulses with the proposed frequency eliminates the occurrence of superposition) is determined from the mathematical relationship:

where n is the frequency of hydraulic shocks, L is the length of the bore.

If necessary, the procedure is repeated.

The use of the proposed invention reduces the time and complexity of cleaning without compromising quality.

Claims (3)

A method of mechanical cleaning of a weapon barrel, in which the barrel is covered at both ends with special seals, a liquid cleaning chemical is introduced into this closed barrel, exposure is made to soften and dissolve carbon deposits, copper plating and other contaminants, mechanical cleaning is carried out with a cleaning element using a drive, characterized in that that the cleaning element moves along the bore by cable tension and is equipped with a cleaning ring and a valve for bypassing the washing solution, the seal in the pulling direction has a hole for passing the cable, it also houses a hydraulic percussion device, mechanical cleaning is carried out by transferring a series of force pulses to the cleaning ring by hydraulic shocks, the cleaning ring moves under the influence of a water hammer, cleans a part of the bore surface, opens the cleaning fluid bypass valve, providing flushing of the cleaned contaminants, while the pulse frequency is determined from a mathematical relationship

, where n is the frequency of hydraulic shocks, L is the length of the bore.

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