RU2793479C1 - Device for draining water from an expansion joint (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for placing drainage means relative to expansion joints. The device for draining water from the expansion joint consists of a drainage element located in the foundation of the facility above the sealing elements of the expansion joint and the catchment pit, while the drainage element is connected to the cavity of the expansion joint at one end, and at the other end to the catchment pit, equipped with an automatic pump for water removal. The drainage element is made in the form of an overflow pipe. The overflow pipe is located in the thickness of the foundation above the sealing element, but below the finished floor surface.

EFFECT: effective prevention of water leakage from a leaky expansion joint and its uncontrolled spreading over the protected object.

8 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to methods for placing drainage means relative to expansion joints.

State of the art

If there are expansion joints in the underground part of a building or structure (hereinafter referred to as the Facility), there is a risk of water leakage into the Facility if the tightness of the expansion joint is not ensured by means of waterproofing. In this case, if the water level outside the Facility’s enclosing structures rises above the level of the Facility’s finished floor, the interior premises (hereinafter referred to as the “internal volume”), and the Facility’s structures are flooded with groundwater to the level at which the water level outside the building envelope. In this case, the normal mode of operation of the Facility is violated, damage to property and finishing materials, as well as the supporting structures of the Facility, is possible. Since ensuring the tightness of expansion joints is a complex organizational and technical task that requires significant material costs, the problem of water leakage through expansion joints is acute all over the world.

Thus, at present there is a problem of draining water from expansion joints, with the prevention of water spillage from the expansion joint in the internal volume of the Object if the expansion joint is leaking. In this case, if there is more than one expansion joint, and they are somehow connected into a system, the entire system of joints is filled with water according to the principle of communicating vessels. Leakage of water from expansion joints in this case can occur in many places where there is a locally lowered area of the floor surface relative to other places, and not in the place where the tightness of the expansion joint is broken, thus, the search for a leak in the expansion joint can also be an extremely difficult task. In addition, even if a water leak is found in the expansion joint, the elimination of the leak will always be even more difficult and costly work than ensuring the tightness of the expansion joint at the construction stage.

The existing methods of eliminating the consequences of water penetration into the internal volume of various Objects come down to collecting water that has seeped into the internal volume in various ways, however, water always spreads over the clean floor of the operated premises, or the finishes, property and structures of the Object get wet, which disrupts the normal operation of the Object and leads to to material losses.

At the present stage, in the construction of residential, commercial and office buildings, laying of foundation slabs is used in the basement of the building, where additional internal drainage is located, while parallel slots and, sometimes one perpendicular, are made in the concrete slab of the foundation of the building, along which water flows down from the plane plates. Perforated and fiberglass-wrapped drying pipes are usually placed in the lower part of the parallel slots, and a collector pipe is placed in the perpendicular slot and connected to the drying pipes. The collector pipe is taken out of the building foundation and connected to the ring drainage pipe.

If the foundation slab of the building is below the level of the drainage outlet outside the building, then the drying pipes are equipped with pumps for pumping water. The disadvantage of this technology is the need to crush the cracks (grooves) of internal drainage every time in the concrete foundation slab. This leads to an increase in the cost of construction work on laying the foundation and an increase in the time of construction work on its laying. The disadvantage is that this technology is not feasible in all cases, since sometimes there are situations when the reinforcement is located in the upper zone of the slab and crushing can violate its integrity.

The following solutions are known from the prior art problems of water leakage through expansion joints.

A foundation slab with a drainage system is known according to a utility model patent No. 102016 (application: 2010140471; IPC E02D 27/00. Published on 02/10/2011. Status: not active) [1]. The known device makes it possible to implement an effective drainage system without any destruction or exposure of the upper zone of the slab and its reinforcement. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the foundation slab, made in-situ of reinforced concrete, and having a rigid spatial reinforcement along the entire bearing plane, which allows, without internal deformations, to perceive the loads arising from seasonal and uneven ground movements, contains drainage vertical water intake pipes having intake holes on the surface of the slab and draining into drainage horizontal pipes laid parallel along the edges of the slab to a depth under the top layer of reinforcement, and the drainage horizontal pipes are connected by a collector water collection pipe located below them in level, which has a drain to the sewerage system. When water accumulates on the surface of the foundation slab (1), it flows down the fences (3) into the drainage pipes (2), through them into the collector collection (4), and from it through the outlet (5) goes into the sewer. This ensures an efficient foundation drainage system.

Known hydraulic drainage key according to the patent for utility model No. 109477 (application: 2011125633; IPC E04B 1/68. Published: 10/20/2011). Known key is intended primarily for sealing butt joints with simultaneous removal of water entering the structure. The key, made of an elastic material in the form of a strip with a profile in an axisymmetric cross section, having a central trough-shaped section and two strip end sections located perpendicular to the axis of symmetry, is mainly used for repair work in buried concrete structures. The hydraulic drainage key is attached along the length of the seam or the resulting depressurized joint. In this case, a drainage tray is formed, which allows you to catch and divert water entering the structure. At the same time, reliable sealing and drainage can be carried out quite simply both at the junction of walls and floor, and at the junction of walls and ceiling, which, as a rule, creates the greatest difficulties in repair work.

The claimed invention represents variants of a device for draining water from an expansion joint before its level in the expansion joint reaches the mark of the finished floor, and it flows out of the expansion joint.

The technical result is to ensure effective prevention of water leakage from a leaky expansion joint and its uncontrolled spreading over the protected object. The specified technical result is achieved by the totality of the essential features of the claimed invention.

Disclosure of invention

A device for diverting water from an expansion joint according to option 1 , consisting of a drainage element located in the foundation of the facility above the sealing elements of the expansion joint and the catchment pit, while the drainage element is connected with one edge to the cavity of the expansion joint, and the other edge is connected to the catchment pit, equipped with an automatic a pump for removing water, while the drainage element is made in the form of an overflow pipe.

A device for draining water according to option 1 , characterized in that the foundation is made monolithic.

A device for draining water according to option 1 , characterized in that the overflow pipe is located in the thickness of the foundation above the sealing element, but below the surface of the finished floor.

A device for draining water from an expansion joint according to option 2, consisting of a drainage element located in the foundation of the facility and a catchment pit, with the drainage element connected at one end to the cavity of the expansion joint, and at the other end with a catchment pit equipped with an automatic pump for removing water, when in this case, a reservoir drainage is used as a drainage element, made in the form of a drainage sheet placed in the concrete base of the floor, with the possibility of water flowing along the sheet from the expansion joints into the catchment pit.

A device for draining water according to option 2 , characterized in that the drainage cloth is connected to the pit by embedded pipes of small diameter.

A device for draining water according to option 2 , characterized in that the foundation is made of tape.

A device for draining water according to any of options 1 or 2, characterized in that the automatic pump located in the pit is connected to the storm sewer system.

A device for draining water according to any of options 1 or 2, characterized in that if there are two or more expansion joints isolated from each other, each seam requires its own device for draining water.

Brief description of the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a diagram of a device for draining water from an expansion joint according to option 1.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of a device for draining water from an expansion joint according to option 2.

The implementation of the invention according to option 1

A device for draining water from an expansion joint according to option 1 (figure 1) consists of a drainage element 1 located in the foundation 2 of the building. The implementation of the device according to option 1 is possible with a monolithic foundation of the building. The drainage element 1 is made in the form of an overflow pipe and is located above the sealing elements 3 of the expansion joint 4. One end of the pipe 1 is connected to the cavity of the expansion joint 4, and the other is connected to the catchment pit 5. The overflow pipe 1 must be located in the thickness of the foundation 2 above the sealing element 5, but below the finished floor surface. The sealing elements can be waterstops or other elements of the sealing of the expansion joint.

In the pit 5, an automatic pump 6 is installed to remove water from the catchment pit, for which the automatic pump can be connected to the storm sewer system.

If there are two or more expansion joints isolated from each other, each joint requires its own device for draining water from the expansion joint.

Installation of overflow pipes in the reinforcement cage of the Foundation of the Facility can be carried out prior to concreting the foundation by means of supporting elements made of reinforcement tied with knitting wire or welded to the reinforcement cage, or fixed in any other way.

In another case, installation into the finished foundation of the Facility and monolithic pipe can be carried out with repair mortars of class R4 of liquid or thixotropic type.

The implementation of the invention according to option 2

The device for draining water from the expansion joint according to option 2 (figure 2) consists of a drainage element 11 located in the foundation of the building 7.

The implementation of the device according to option 2 is possible with the foundation of the building 7 of glass type or tape. As a drainage element 11 in the device according to option 2, a formation drainage is used, made in the form of a drainage sheet, placed in concrete preparation 8 under the foundation of the floor base, with the possibility of water flowing along the drainage sheet from expansion joints 4 into the catchment pit 5 through drainage pipes 10. In this case, there may be no sealing elements in the expansion joint at all.

As a drainage cloth, any industrially produced drainage cloth can be used. The requirements for the material under consideration can be called resistance to high humidity and mechanical stress. The advantage is the ability to cover a large area and redirect water flows to tubular drains. Geotextile fabric can serve as an example of the use of a drainage fabric - this polymeric fabric, which is characterized by high tensile strength, is widely used in the construction of drainage systems and wastewater filtration (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0% B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C Published on 07/16/2008).

The drainage element 11 in the form of a drainage sheet is laid on the concrete preparation 8 of the foundation, and from above it is filled with a concrete base 9 of the floor 7, while the drainage element 11 in the form of a drainage sheet is located in the bottom of the floor. At one end, the drainage sheet is connected to the cavity of the expansion joint 4, and at the other end to the catchment pit 5. Since the reservoir drainage covers, if not all, then a significant area of the floor, it is advisable to install the device according to option 2 only at the construction stage of the Facility.

If the project provides for a pit device in the thickening of the floor base, then in order to ensure the solidity of the floor structure, the drainage cloth reaches only the thickening of the floor in which the pit is created. The connection of the pit 5 with the drainage element 11 is carried out by embedded pipes 10 of small diameter. In this case, the continuity of the reinforcing cage of the floor in the thickening area and the necessary protective layer of concrete around the steel reinforcement are ensured. An example of the device according to option 2 with drainage tubes is shown in Fig.2

The catchment pit 5 is provided with an automatic pump 6 for removing water from the catchment pit, and the automatic pump may be connected to a storm sewer system.

If there are two or more expansion joints isolated from each other, each joint requires its own device for draining water according to option 2.

Reservoir drainage can be made in strips, connecting each insulated expansion joint with a pit.

Job.

The operation of the device according to option 1 is as follows.

It is essential that the overflow pipe be in the thickness of the foundation, but located above the sealing elements in the form of waterstops or other sealing seal of the seam (if any). In this case, when water penetrates through the sealing elements into the expansion joint, it rises to the level of the overflow pipe opening, flows through the pipe into a pit equipped with an automatic pump. The pump will turn on when a certain water level in the catchment area is reached. From the pit, water is pumped into the storm sewer.

Thus, water will not rise above the overflow pipe and flow out of the expansion joint, creating an emergency.

The operation of the device according to option 2 is carried out as follows.

In the case when water penetrates into the expansion joint, which may not contain sealing elements, it rises to the level of the edge of the drainage element in the form of a drainage sheet and flows along it into the catchment pit. If the device is equipped with drainage tubes connected to the drainage element and the pit, then the water flows through the drainage element-sheet into the drainage tubes, and through them into the catchment pit, equipped with an automatic pump. The pump will turn on when a certain water level in the catchment area is reached. From the pit, water is pumped into the storm sewer.

Thus, water will not flow out of the expansion joint, creating an emergency.

When placing reservoir drainage over the entire floor area, in addition to protecting the operated volume from flooding, the device according to option 2 also protects the floor base from contact with water. In the absence of such a need, reservoir drainage can be strip, connecting each isolated expansion joint with a pit

Industrial applicability .

The inventive device for draining water from the expansion joint according to option 1 and option 2 is easy to implement. It effectively prevents water from leaking out of a leaky expansion joint and its uncontrolled spreading over the protected object.

The inventive device can be both an emergency system for draining water from expansion joints in the event that they are not sealed by means of waterproofing, and an alternative to waterproofing expansion joints in the event that under normal conditions no water is expected in the expansion joints of the protected object.

Installation of the proposed device in the structure of the facility is possible at any stage, both construction and operation of the facility.

The claimed device can perform the function of drainage trays from the floor surface, complementing the existing trays for this purpose. In this case, the claimed device may have its own drainage pit equipped with an automatic pump, or use other pits for collecting and discharging water provided for by the Facility design.

INFORMATION SOURCES.

1. Utility model patent No. 102016 Foundation plate with drainage system (application: 2010140471; IPC E02D 27/00. Published on 10.02.2011).

2. Patent for utility model No. 109 477 Hydraulic drainage key (application: 2011125633; IPC E04B 1/68. Published: 10/20/2011).

Claims (8)

1. A device for draining water from an expansion joint, consisting of a drainage element located in the foundation of the facility above the sealing elements of the expansion joint and the catchment pit, while the drainage element is connected at one end to the cavity of the expansion joint, and at the other end with a catchment pit equipped with an automatic pump to remove water, while the drainage element is made in the form of an overflow pipe. 2. A device for draining water according to claim 1, characterized in that the foundation is made monolithic. 3. A device for draining water according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipe is located in the thickness of the foundation above the sealing element, but below the surface of the finished floor. 4. Device for draining water from an expansion joint , consisting of a drainage element located in the foundation and connected at one end to the cavity of the expansion joint, and at the other end with a catchment pit, equipped with an automatic pump to remove water, while reservoir drainage is used as a drainage element , made in the form of a drainage sheet placed on the concrete preparation of the foundation, with the possibility of flowing along the sheet of water from expansion joints to the catchment pit. 5. A device for draining water according to claim 4, characterized in that the drainage cloth is connected to the pit by embedded pipes of small diameter. 6. A device for draining water according to claim 4, characterized in that the foundation is made of tape. 7. A device for draining water according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the automatic pump in the pit is connected to the storm sewer system. 8. A device for draining water according to any one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that if there are two or more expansion joints isolated from each other, each seam requires its own device for draining water.

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