RU2793053C1 - Method for construction of vertical shafts and construction of launch complexes for launching rocket vehicles in them - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: launching rocket vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: according to the method for constructing a launch complex for launching rocket vehicles, a well is sequentially drilled from the upper part of the mountain slope vertically down into a tunnel built at the terrain level, then the said well is expanded by drilling from the bottom up and from the top down until a shaft of the calculated diameter is obtained. The sections of the launch complex are delivered through the tunnel and the well shaft to the site in the upper part of the mine. The underground part of the shaft is constructed, after which the sections of the launch complex shaft are mounted by laying them one on top of the other, and the space between the shaft wall and the sections is poured with concrete.

EFFECT: simplification of construction and reduction of the amount and time of work in the construction of the launch complex.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of mines and technology for the construction of launch complexes for launching carrier rockets of all classes.

Known methods for the construction of vertical shafts and launch of launch vehicles without the use of the 1st stage, proposed in patents for inventions No. The disadvantage of known patents is the need for high labor costs for the construction of a mountain road for the delivery of sections of the launch complex.

For the construction of round vertical shafts of the required diameter, the method described by N.A. MALEVICH is known. "Machines and sets of equipment for sinking vertical shafts", Moscow, "Nedra", 1975, on pp. 300-301 and 314-317.

It involves drilling a well vertically down from the level of the terrain with access to a mine working, followed by expansion of the diameter of the well by drilling from the bottom up and further drilling of a larger diameter hole from the top down.

The objective of the invention is to create a technology for the construction of a launch complex for launching launch vehicles in a vertical shaft of the estimated height.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify construction and reduce the amount and time of work in the construction of the launch complex.

The technical result is achieved by sequentially drilling a well from the upper part of the mountain slope vertically down into a tunnel built at the level of the terrain, then drilling from the bottom up, expanding the well and from top to bottom until a shaft of the estimated diameter is obtained and the construction of the underground part of the mine, after which the sections of the shaft of the launch complex are mounted by laying them one on top of the other, and the space between the walls of the shaft and the sections is poured with concrete.

The difference of the claimed invention lies in the fact that, compared with the currently available methods of constructing vertical mines, their construction is carried out from the terrain level down into the mine working, and the proposed method is from the top of the mountain (mountain slope) into a tunnel at the terrain level.

The proposed method is illustrated in the drawings, where in Fig. 1 shows the expansion of an already drilled well by drilling from the bottom up. In FIG. 2 - the process of further expansion of the diameter of the shaft by drilling from top to bottom until the calculated size is obtained. In FIG. 3 - the process of laying structural elements of the launch complex.

The construction of the launch complex for launching carrier rockets is carried out in the following sequence:

drilling is carried out to the estimated point of exit of the drilling device into the tunnel built at the level of the terrain, which is an important element of the launch complex and is used to remove the rock formed during drilling, and during its construction to deliver structures and materials and access to the closed technological opening of the launch complex for acquisition of equipment, components of the carrier rocket and its maintenance;

the drilling device is changed to a larger diameter and the well is expanded by drilling from the bottom up;

then drilling is carried out from top to bottom with a bit of the required diameter, and the rock formed during the drilling of the mine shaft falls into the tunnel and is taken out to fill the adjacent area in front of the tunnel or build a dam in the nearest gorge (hollow) and create a reservoir for water used when launching the launch vehicle.

After completion of drilling of the shaft to the estimated diameter, the components (sections) of the launch complex, manufactured and fitted to each other in the factory, are lifted to the site in the upper part of the shaft using the lifting device of the drilling rig.

The ascent starts from the upper section and ends with the one that will fit on the lowest one (with a technological opening), installed through the tunnel on the underground part of the launch complex.

The underground part of the launch complex (below the terrain level) is built in the usual way, by digging a pit and constructing a pool for water of the estimated volume in it, which is also the foundation for the first (with a technological opening) section of the launch complex, after which the sections of the complex are mounted by applying one section to another by lowering them with the help of the lifting device of the drilling rig from the top platform of the shaft.

After installing a certain number of sections, the space between the parts of the launch complex and the shaft is filled with concrete using concrete pumps to a height to which it is possible to supply the solution with its use.

To pour concrete into the sections located above, use a container for liquid concrete of a cylindrical shape with a diameter less than the inner diameter of the starting complex.

In order not to damage the walls of the complex when lifting the container with concrete and lowering it, place rollers on the outer side in its upper and lower parts along the circumference, which, when lifting and lowering the container, will not allow it to hard touch the walls of the sections and, accordingly, prevent damage to them.

The container in the lower part should be equipped with pouring devices in four directions at once to fill the space between the shaft and the outer walls of the composite sections of the complex with concrete, evenly, avoiding its vertical curvature.

Works on the construction of the mine and the launch complex are being carried out in the following sequence, taking into account the above drawings:

a place is chosen for the construction of mine 1 on the slope of mountain 2;

in the upper part, a platform 3 is being prepared for the placement of the drilling rig 4 and the lifted and stored structural elements 5 of the launch complex;

at the same time, at the level of the terrain, work is being done to punch a horizontal tunnel 6 to the estimated exit point of the drilling device 7 into the tunnel 6;

well 8 is drilled until the lower part of the drill 7 exits in the upper part of the tunnel 6;

the drill 7 is replaced by a device of a larger diameter, which allows drilling from the bottom up, expanding the diameter of the well 8 until a hole is obtained, allowing the crushed rock 9 to fall into the lower part of the mine (into the tunnel 6) without getting stuck in the well 8;

further, the drilling device 7, depending on the strength of the rock, changes to a bit 10 of the required diameter for drilling already from top to bottom, increasing the diameter of the shaft 1 to the calculated value;

a fender 11 installed in the lower part, under the drilled well 8, reflects the high kinetic energy of the falling rock 9 towards the exit of the tunnel 6, preventing its damage;

rock 9 is removed from tunnel 6 and dumped to expand the area in front of it or create a dam for a reservoir;

the components (sections) 5 of the launch complex are lifted to the site 3 in the upper part of the mine 1 using the lifting device 12 of the drilling rig 4;

a pit is dug and an underground (below the terrain) part of the mine 13 is being built;

on the underground part of the mine 13 is installed through the tunnel 6 section with technological opening 14;

the installation of the launch complex is carried out by applying one section 5 to another, lowering them with the help of a lifting device 12 of the drilling rig 4 from the upper platform 3;

the space between the details of the launch complex and the shaft is filled with concrete 15.

The advantage of the proposed method:

the rate of penetration of the rock increases due to the use of the proposed method for the construction of the shaft, without the use of supports and the need to raise the selected rock to the surface;

work is simplified and accelerated by using the lifting device of the drilling rig to lift up the structural elements of the launch complex, and then install them;

there is no need to build a wide mountain road for the delivery of heavy large-sized parts of the complex to the upper platform;

site construction equipment and a drilling rig are delivered to the upper part of the proposed mine using a Mi-26 helicopter;

reduced labor costs, time and cost of construction of the launch complex;

Claims (1)

A method for constructing a launch complex for launching launch vehicles, characterized in that a well is sequentially drilled from the upper part of the mountain slope vertically down into a tunnel built at the terrain level, then the said well is expanded by drilling from the bottom up and from the top down until a shaft of the calculated diameter is obtained , deliver the sections of the launch complex through the tunnel and the shaft to the site in the upper part of the mine, construct the underground part of the mine, after which the sections of the launch complex shaft are mounted by laying them one on top of the other, and the space between the shaft wall and the sections is poured with concrete.

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