RU2753295C1 - Method for pile construction in macro-porous soils - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction, it can be used in the construction of pile foundations on macro-porous soils. The method for a pile construction in macro-porous soils includes immersion of the shell with a tip in the soil, strengthening the near-pile soil by introducing a strengthening solution into it and formation of the pile trunk. The pile is formed from the shell and the composite trunk in it, and the near-pile soil is strengthened during the formation of the composite trunk. A hollow reinforced concrete pile with a pointed tip and holes in the tip and in the walls along the length of the hollow reinforced concrete pile, which is the shell of the constructed pile, is immersed in the soil to the design mark. A step-by-step strengthening of the near-pile soil and the formation of a composite pile trunk are carried out. The near-pile soil is strengthened under the pivot and around the shell of the constructed pile along its length. A part of the strengthening solution is introduced into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile, which is forced into the ground through holes in the tip and in the walls by a hydraulic shock of piston or by means of a cylindrical trunk inserted into the cavity. After the removal of a cylindrical trunk, the lower fiber-concrete block is lowered into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile by free fall. Part of the space above the lower block is filled with a strengthening solution. The processes of displacing the strengthening solution into the soil and lowering the next fiber-concrete block are performed. These cycles are repeated until the trunk is completely formed from fiber-concrete blocks covered by a hollow reinforced concrete pile located in the fixed soil.

EFFECT: increasing the load-bearing capacity of piles and pile foundations, reducing the complexity of its construction process, expanding the arsenal of technical means used in the construction of piles in macro-porous soils.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of pile foundations on macroporous soils.

There is a known method of erecting a pile foundation, including the installation of piles and strengthening of the near-pile soil by reinforcing it with a solution of hardening material, while before installing the pile, a well is drilled with a diameter of no more than 1/3 of the pile diameter, the well is filled with a fixing solution, in particular with liquid glass, the pile is immersed in a filled with a fixing solution a well with the formation under the heel and around the pile shaft of fixed and compacted zones in the form of a hemisphere below and a truncated cone above it, and a fixed zone reinforced with a fixing solution and located in the volume of the compacted zone adjoins the pile (RF Patent No. 2456408 C1, priority date 02/17/2011, publication date 07/20/2012, authors: Presnov O.M. et al., RU).

The disadvantages of the analogue are: increased labor costs associated with drilling a well and the need to install a centering washer used when driving the pile and to prevent the outflow of the fixing solution from the well, as well as a high consumption of materials and the duration of the construction of the pile, which increases the cost of the technological process.

As a prototype, a method of piling at the base with interlayers of soft soil is adopted, including immersion into the soil of a retrieved shell with a lost metal tip having a perforated clip on the upper end, inserted into the cavity of the shell; until the bottom row of the cage perforation is removed from the shell, then the barrel is replaced with a pipe with a packer, by means of which the fixer is pumped into the soft soil, the pipe with the packer is removed, and the shell is immersed until the next layer of soft soil and the specified operations of sequential withdrawal of the perforation of the next row of the cage and pumping are repeated fixer, after which the shell is immersed until the design mark is reached, the well is filled with concrete and the shell is removed (RF Patent No. 2272867 C1, priority date 09/15/2004, publication date 03/27/2006, author Shadunts K.Sh., RU, prototype).

The disadvantages of the prototype are: limited use and low efficiency due to the formation of a small volume of bearing soil and insufficient provision of the bearing capacity of the pile in completely folded macroporous soils, as well as the laboriousness associated with the processes of concreting the well and the extraction of the shell, affecting the duration of the technology for erecting the pile.

The technical problem solved by the invention is the need to expand the arsenal of effective technologies for the construction of pile foundations in macroporous soils, based on fixing the near-pile soil and providing sufficient bearing capacity of the pile with low labor intensity of the process of its erection.

To solve a technical problem and achieve a technical result, a method is proposed for erecting a pile in macroporous soils, including immersing a shell with a tip in the soil, strengthening the near-pile soil by introducing a reinforcing solution into it and forming a pile shaft. What is new is that the pile is formed from a shell and a composite shaft in it, and the near-pile soil is strengthened when the composite shaft is formed. At the same time, a hollow reinforced concrete pile with a pointed tip and with holes in the tip and in the walls along the length of the hollow reinforced concrete pile, which is the shell of the pile being erected, is immersed in the soil up to the design level, and a step-by-step strengthening of the near-pile soil and the formation of a composite pile shaft is carried out, and the near-pile soil is strengthened under the fifth and around the shell of the pile being erected along its length. At the same time, a part of the reinforcing mortar is introduced into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile, which is forced into the ground through the holes in the tip and in the walls by a hydraulic shock of the piston or with the help of a cylindrical barrel introduced into the cavity, after which the lower fiber-reinforced concrete block is lowered into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile by free falling, filling part of the space above it with a reinforcing mortar and carry out the processes of displacing the reinforcing mortar into the ground and lowering the next fiber-reinforced concrete block. These cycles are repeated until the trunk is completely formed from fiber-reinforced concrete blocks, covered by a hollow reinforced concrete pile located in the fixed soil.

According to the invention, a water glass solution is used as a strengthening solution.

According to the invention, the holes in the walls of a hollow reinforced concrete pile can be located 2/3 of the length from the bottom of the pile.

The drawing schematically shows the stages of pile erection in macroporous soils.

According to the above scheme, the method for erecting a pile in macroporous soils is as follows.

A hollow reinforced concrete pile of 1 square section with a pointed tip and with holes made in the tip and in the walls along the entire length (or 2/3 of the length from the bottom of the hollow reinforced concrete pile) is immersed to the design mark in macroporous soil by vibratory immersion or hammering using attachments pile driving machine (Fig. a).

The lower part of the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile 1 is filled with a reinforcing solution, in particular, a solution of liquid glass 2 with a density of 1.05-1.32 g / cm ³ (Fig. B).

Water hammer of the piston or with the help of a cylindrical barrel 3, introduced into the cavity of a reinforced concrete pile 1, displace the liquid glass solution 2 into the soil through the holes in the tip and in the walls of the pile 1. In this case, the liquid glass solution 2 penetrates into the lower part of the near-pile soil under the heel and around the pile 1 (Fig. C).

After extracting the cylindrical shaft 3 into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile 1, the lower fiber-reinforced concrete block 4 is lowered by free fall, part of the space above it is filled with a solution of liquid glass 2 and the process of its displacement into the ground is carried out using the cylindrical barrel 3 (Fig. D).

The next fiber-reinforced concrete block is lowered into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile 1 and the stages of soil strengthening are repeated until the trunk is completely formed from fiber-reinforced concrete blocks (Fig. E).

A solution of liquid glass 2 fills macropores in the soil and sticks together soil particles, creating a fixed spherical volume 5 of the near-pile soil, which provides the bearing capacity of the erected composite pile containing a hollow reinforced concrete pile 1, which is a shell, and a trunk formed in its cavity from fiber-reinforced concrete blocks 4, fastened with mortar liquid glass (Fig. e).

The advantage of the claimed technology is a reduction in labor costs when erecting a pile in macroporous soils, due to the less laborious formation of a composite pile shaft from fiber-reinforced concrete blocks compared to the process of its concreting.

Thus, when implementing the invention, a technical result is achieved, which consists in expanding the arsenal of technical means used in the construction of piles in macroporous soils, and in increasing the bearing capacity of piles and pile foundations.

Claims (3)

1. A method of erecting a pile in macroporous soils, including immersing a shell with a tip in the soil, strengthening the near-pile soil by introducing a reinforcing solution into it and forming a pile shaft, characterized in that the pile is formed from the shell and a composite shaft in it, and the near-pile soil is strengthened when the formation of a composite shaft, while a hollow reinforced concrete pile with a pointed tip and holes in the tip and in the walls along the length of the hollow reinforced concrete pile, which is the shell of the pile being erected, is immersed in the soil to the design level, and a step-by-step strengthening of the near-pile soil and the formation of a composite pile shaft is carried out, and the near-pile soil is strengthened under the heel and around the shell of the pile being erected along its length, while part of the reinforcing solution is introduced into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile, which is displaced into the ground through the holes in the tip and in the walls by a hydraulic shock of a piston or using a cylindrical barrel inserted into the cavity, after removing the cat The lower fiber-concrete block is lowered into the cavity of the reinforced concrete pile, part of the space above it is filled with a reinforcing solution and the processes of displacing the reinforcing solution into the ground and lowering the next fiber-reinforced concrete block are carried out, these cycles are repeated until the trunk is completely formed from fiber-reinforced concrete blocks covered by a hollow reinforced concrete pile located in fixed ground. 2. A method of erecting a pile in macroporous soils according to claim 1, characterized in that a liquid glass solution is used as a reinforcing solution. 3. A method of erecting a pile in macroporous soils according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes in the walls of a hollow reinforced concrete pile can be located 2/3 of the length from the bottom of the pile.

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