RU2792771C1 - Method for preparing manure-peat compost based on poultry manure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method for preparing litter-peat composts based on bird manure is characterized by the fact that it includes mixing fresh chicken manure with a moisture content of 75 and 62% with lowland peat as a moisture-absorbing material containing lime, vivionite and iron oxide in its composition at a ratio of fresh chicken manure to lowland peat 1:0.3, layer-by-layer forming a stack up to 3-4 m high, composting the stack, then covering it with a layer of 25-30 cm of cut straw, and composting is carried out for 3 months until a pH of 6.0-6.50 is reached.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce the hazard class of chicken manure and improve the quality of chicken manure.

3 cl, 5 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to produce compost based on waste from poultry farms with the production of high-quality organic fertilizers.

The problem of the production of manure-peat composts based on chicken manure is relevant, since there are no special problems for this production - the output of chicken manure in the poultry industry on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, the number of birds is 2 million 889 thousand heads, including broilers - 2 million 784 thousand. The output of bird droppings per month ranges from 10 to 11 thousand tons, per year is more than 120,000 tons, in addition, chicken droppings contain trace elements and nutrients in the compounds digestible by plants.

When disposing of bedding manure in heaps, it is not allowed, since it is very hot, which is accompanied by nitrogen losses, reaching 1.5-2 months. storage 30-60% of the total content. Thus, it should be composted with peat (except carbonate). Below will be investigated in detail by the inventors.

However, it should be noted that pure litter is used to increase efficiency - in a ratio of 1:3; diluted with water - 1:1 or 1.5:1. During the preparation of composts, as a result of biothermal processes, pathogenic microorganisms die and weed seeds lose their viability, and the fertilizer itself becomes more concentrated and biologically active.

Composting is currently the most expedient method of manure disposal is its preparation on the basis of components, which, along with the preservation and the most complete use of nutrients, allows increasing the volume of accumulation and use of organic fertilizers. Such fertilizers have good physical and mechanical properties - flowability, transportability, non-stickiness to agricultural machines and implements.

Peat is a plant mass in varying degrees under conditions of excessive moisture and lack of air, which consists of non-humified plant residues, humus and mineral compounds. Lowland peat is of the greatest value for agriculture, since it is high in ash and often contains lime, vivionite, and iron oxide. Low-moor peat is richer than high-moor peat in terms of the amount of humic substances.

The amount of lime and phosphorus in such peat can vary from 2 to 20% (per absolutely dry matter).

The research results show the following indicators:

Horse peat: ash content - 1.5-3.5%; pH _KCl - 2.8-3.6; P ₂ O ₅ - 0.03-0.2%; K ₂ O - 0.03-0.8%; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 0.03-0.2%; N - 0.8-1.5%; CaO - 0.1-0.5%.

Grassroots peat: ash content 6-12; pH _KCl - 4.8-5.8; P ₂ O ₅ -0.05-0.4%; K ₂ O - 0.03-0.2%; Fr ₂ O ₃ - 0.2-3.0%; N - 1.6-2.6%; CaO - 1.5-3.0%.

It should be noted that all types of peat are suitable for obtaining composts, however, poor quality composts are obtained from both excessively moist and overdried (moisture content less than 40%) peat, as they do not absorb moisture well.

Bird droppings are considered one of the most valuable organic fertilizers. This organic fertilizer surpasses manure in fertilizer qualities, and is not inferior to mineral fertilizers in terms of speed and effectiveness of action.

Table 1 shows the chemical composition of chicken manure depending on humidity.

It contains 50% nitrogen, 4% phosphorus and 60% potassium is in water-soluble compounds.

In chicken manure at a moisture content of up to 75%, half of the nitrogen is in the ammonia form. Raw manure has unfavorable properties: it has a strong unpleasant odor, contains a large number of weed seeds, eggs and larvae of helminths and insects, many microorganisms, among which are often pathogens of dangerous diseases.

Microbiological composting processes take place in a wide range of environmental reactions (pH 5.5-7.6). They are most active at positive ambient temperatures and a high degree of mass aeration in the initial period. In winter, the compost mass freezes and microbiological activity fades.

In addition, to equalize the ratio of nutrients in the compost and prevent its severe freezing in winter, it is also possible to add 1-2% potassium salt to the mixture, in case of low pH - lime materials.

At the same time, it is better to compost fresh litter, as it is rich in microflora and nutrients.

The ratio of peat and manure in the compost can be determined by the absorption capacity of ammonia by the original peat and by the content of ammonia nitrogen in the manure.

A known method of obtaining biocompost, including bird droppings, peat, sawdust, manure. As a stimulant, a suspension of bacteria p.Klebaie IIa, h. Bacillus, p. Paeudomonas (Patent RU No. 2057103, C05F 3/00, C05F 11/08 of 02.11.1993).

The disadvantage is that the production of biocompost is achieved by mixing many ingredients, and only bacteria in the form of a suspension in a very high concentration of up to 0.5% by weight is used as a composting stimulator.

A known method for the biological processing of bird droppings involves mixing it with a moisture-absorbing material and subsequent aeration, thermophilic fermentation of the resulting mixture with the addition of a consortium of bacteria (Streptococcus thermohilus / Streptococcus bovis, Lactobacillus solivarius var. Solicinicus, Lactobacillus ocophilus) to the droppings before mixing (Patent RU No. 2055823, C05F 11/08, C12P 39/00 dated 06/17/1993).

At the first stage of the process, a moisture-absorbing material is introduced into the initial manure, mixed and aerobic thermophilic fermentation is carried out in the presence of synotropic flies until the temperature drops to 25-30 ° C, and then (at the second stage) the specified consortium of microorganisms is introduced into the resulting compostable mixture as a stimulant. concentrations of 0.01-8.0%, and fermented under natural conditions.

The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of carrying out the process in only two stages, which significantly increases its duration.

In addition, bacteria of the genera Streptococcus and Lactobacillus are introduced into the mixture twice and in a very high concentration (up to 8.9%), which increases the cost of the product.

A known method for the production of granulated organomineral fertilizers from organic waste and a device for its implementation, including the supply of mixture components, removal of mechanical impurities, mixing with the addition of mineral components, grinding, disinfection, homogenization, granulation and drying. Moreover, grinding, disinfection, homogenization and granulation are carried out simultaneously on heated continuous rollers with the passage of the processed mass through the forming rings of the rollers and cutting into granules, and drying is carried out in a heated continuous vacuum dryer in vacuum-pulse modes.

The use of vacuum-impulse drying does not allow the processing of manure in-line in industrial volumes, and a large percentage of additives introduced into the manure, transportation and their cost make this method of processing economically unprofitable.

A known method of preparing organomineral fertilizer from animal excrement and animal wastewater. Involving adding calcium oxide (5-50%) (calcium oxide, quicklime) to a semi-solid substance containing chicken manure, straw, shavings, bark or wine residue and initiating an exothermic reaction. The mixture is mixed in a mixer, resulting in mechanical liquefaction of the product - the formation of a homogeneous mixture by rotating the mixture in a cylindrical mixing chamber. Calcium oxide is introduced into the mixer and dosed either by weighing for intermittent operations or by feeding with a dosing screw to ensure continuous operation. Liquid (water, liquid solutions and additives) is added to the mixture, which is supplied from the reservoir using dosing pumps and nozzles. After leaving the mixer, the product enters the bunker, from which it goes to a conveyor or an inclined auger, which takes the product to the places of its drying and storage. The device for its implementation includes a device for supplying lime and manure to the mixer connected to a tank for supplying liquid additives, at the tank outlet there is a conveyor that directs the resulting product to a hopper for drying and storage (France patent NFR 2829488).

The result achieved by the proposed method consists in obtaining a homogeneous mixture, in its bacteriological purification and, in particular, in the destruction of larvae contained in animal droppings in order to obtain an organic calcium supplement or an organo-mineral fertilizer.

The device allows to implement a method for obtaining organomineral fertilizer. However, the resulting product does not have the necessary quality characteristics, the desired acidity pH of the substrate, which determines its quality as a fertilizer. Its implementation requires the use of ballast substances, such as straw, shavings, the addition of water to the mixture and its subsequent drying, the initiation of a thermal reaction - all this complicates the production of organomineral fertilizer and does not allow it to be obtained in a predetermined quality due to unestablished criteria for its components.

A method for producing organic fertilizer is also known from the prior art (application WO 2015026270 A1, publ. 26.02.2015), which includes the treatment of excreta and animal waste, bird droppings with an aqueous solution of enzyme preparations with the addition of non-hydrated gypsum and fluff lime.

The main disadvantage of this invention is that the amount of preparations introduced, including quicklime, depends on the ambient temperature, in addition, a significant time spread in stages and a large number of them does not allow the proposed method to be cyclical and expedient in a specific time period.

A known method of obtaining organomineral fertilizer, which involves mixing bird droppings and/or manure with a filler, forming the mixture into a pile and composting with air aeration. At the same time, during the formation of the drill (stack), part of the mixture is placed in the lower layer by 2/3 of its height, and the remaining part is additionally mixed with the sorbent in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-4 and placed in the upper layer of the collar (Patent RU No. 2086522, C05F 11/02, C05F 11/02, C05F 17/00, published 08/10/1997).

The main disadvantage of the known method is a significant time variation of the implementation of the method and a significant deviation in disinfection and disposal from the moment of its formation. As you know, for the first time, the release of harmful substances from the litter, including gases, is most intense.

In addition, uniform layer-by-layer laying of semi-liquid manure is practically not possible. All this does not contribute to the reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere and leads to higher costs. And also there are no well-defined data on the number of elements used, introduced in the form of a sorbent, and each of them has not only a different formula, but also properties and naturally behaves differently, even under identical conditions, which does not allow the effective use of this invention, at the same time, it is impossible to ensure the stability and predetermined quality of disinfection, which is the basis for the utilization of chicken manure.

There is a known method of organomineral fertilizer and a method for its manufacture, 10 to 5 weight parts of ground quicklime are added to its 10 weight parts of fresh bird droppings. The components are mixed for 20-40 minutes, and during the last 10-20 minutes of the operation of mixing the components, the fertilizer is heated to a temperature of 80 to 120°C. EFFECT: disposal of poultry waste, regulation of the acid-base regime of the soil (Patent RU No. 2191704, C05F 3/00, C05G 1/00 dated 27.10.2002).

Closest to the claimed method is the invention composition for the production of organomineral fertilizer, which contains, wt, h: chicken manure 1.0-1.5; lime 0.1-0.4; peat 0.3-0.8. Fertilizer from the proposed composition is obtained in the form of granules with high strength. A feature is the addition of peat as a moisture-absorbing material (Patent RU No. 2026271, C05F 3/00, G05F 11/02 dated 05/19/1992).

Peat itself does not have a high fertilizing effect, and it is still used in composting, which, due to the action of microflora and manure ingredients at high temperatures (60 ° C), ensures the destruction of stable organic compounds in peat, the elimination of excess acidity and an increase in nitrogen mobility, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients contained in it.

It can be assumed that the use of peat as an adsorbent in a composition intended for the production of granular fertilizer can lead to a decrease in the value of the fertilizer.

However, the resulting product during its implementation and composting does not reveal the necessary quality characteristics, the required acidity pH of the substrate, which determines its quality as a fertilizer, namely, as dung-peat composts for certain ratios among themselves at a certain given humidity of a better ratio and storage on the site, which leads to to a decrease in copper, lead, cadmium in the compost, the reaction of the medium is neutral, an increase in zoning.

It should be noted that when peat is used for compost preparation, the unpleasant pungent smell inherent in bird droppings disappears, peat retains liquid secretions, preventing them from spreading. Reduced nitrogen losses. When storing peat compost for 3-5 months, 7.4% of total and 4.7% of ammonia nitrogen are lost. It is believed that when 30 t/ha of peat compost is applied, the soil is enriched with nitrogen by 135 kg/ha. The high fertilizer efficiency of peat compost is also due to its more intense effect on the nitrification process in the soil; in dry years it does not cause denitrification, and is evenly incorporated into the soil.

Properly stored, prepared compost should be a homogeneous, dark, crumbly mass with a moisture content of not more than 75% with a reaction of the environment. Close to neutral. Depending on the quality of peat, the chemical composition of composts is different. The experience of preparing composts in Belarus shows that when determining the rate of applying composts to the soil, it is necessary to know its moisture content, acidity and nutrient content, paying special attention to the amount of ammonia nitrogen in the compost, since the efficiency of fertilizer in the year of application depends on its content. This has been experimentally proven by the studies that are given below in the examples.

There is data from literary sources that peat-dung compost at a moisture content of 54-70% contains (per wet matter) 0.5% nitrogen, 0.4% phosphorus (P ₂ O ₅ ) and 0.25% potassium (K ₂ O). This compost is recommended to be used primarily for the most valuable crops: vegetable, industrial and tilled - 20-25 t/ha; under grain winter bread - 12-15 t/ha.

In the field of environmental friendliness of the process of disinfection and disposal of chicken manure, it was specifically obtained at JSC "Vitebsk Broiler Poultry Farm", shown for example by the authors of the invention, where large experimental studies of manure-peat composts were laid at a ratio of manure and peat of 1:0.5 and 1:0, 3. Fresh chicken manure was taken for composting (moisture content 75%) and after one month of storage (moisture content 62%).

The technical objective of the invention is to reduce the hazard class of chicken manure while simplifying its production and improving the quality of chicken manure, and it is also necessary to take into account the specific removal of nutrients with crop yields and dependence on the granulometric composition of the soil, and peat moisture content and the ratio of components are important.

The problem is solved by the method of preparing manure-peat composts based on bird manure, characterized by the fact that it includes

mixing bedless fresh chicken manure with a moisture content of 75 and 62% with lowland peat, as a moisture-absorbing material containing lime, vivionite and iron oxide in its composition at a ratio of bedless fresh chicken manure to lowland peat 1: 0.3, layer-by-layer form a stack up to 3- 4 m, the stack is composted, then it is covered with a layer of 25-30 cm of chopped straw, and the composting is carried out for 3 months until the pH reaches 6.0-6.50.

In addition, when composting, first a layer of peat cushion with a height of 0.25-0.35 m is laid on a hard surface.

In addition, in order to obtain a homogeneous mass when composting the stacks, the stack is stirred once during the storage period to saturate with air.

For composting in piles (piles), manure is removed to a pre-prepared site with a layer of peat cushion 0.25-0.35 m high, while the piles should be formed in layers. The thickness of the composting layers depends on the ratio of their components. The more waste is used, the larger its layers should be compared to peat, and vice versa.

The method allows to obtain a safe organic fertilizer based on bird droppings, corresponding to the presence of nutrients GOST R 53117-2008, GOST 26715, GOST 26717, GOST 26718 in the absence of pathogenic microflora, salmonella, larvae and pupae of helminths and insects, if possible, use available, practically free raw material base, as well as organize highly profitable production of environmentally friendly organic fertilizers in demand on the market. In addition, makes the proposed method economically viable; maintain high content of the main elements of organic matter (N:P:K) in terms of dry matter, depending on the performance of the feedstock.

Below are examples confirming the efficiency of using this method for obtaining dung-peat compost and the high quality of the finished product. The quality of the product (compost) was evaluated by the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humus, mass fractions of N, P, K at least 1.2: 0 .9:0.9 respectively.

Example 1. Chicken manure obtained at OJSC "Vitebsk Broiler Poultry Farm", experimental manure-peat composts were laid at a ratio of manure and peat of 1:0.5 and 1:0.3. Fresh chicken manure was taken for composting (moisture content 75%) and after one month of storage (moisture content 62%).

Table 2 shows the chemical composition of peat taken for composting.

It should be noted that the peat taken for composting is slightly acidic, the dry matter content was 25.37, the ash content was 8.89, and the organic matter was 91.11%. The content of total nitrogen - 20.8; calcium - 18.5; magnesium and phosphorus - 4.9; potassium - 4.5 kg/t; copper - 2.24; zinc - 29.6; manganese - 95.2; cadmium - 0.03; lead -12.2 mg/kg.

Table 3 shows the chemical composition of chicken manure before composting.

Chicken manure obtained at OJSC "Vitebsk Broiler Poultry Farm" in 2018, fresh (moisture content 75%) and after a month of storage (62% moisture) had the following content of nutrients, respectively: total nitrogen - 13.1 and 27.8; P ₂ O ₅ - 4.2 and 5.6; K ₂ O - 4.8 and 9.1; Ca - 6.72 and 12.60; Mg - 21.80 and 4.24 kg/g; Zn - 76.79 and 148.24; Cu - 40.32 and 67.52; Mn - 97.14 and 172.53; Pb - 0.84 and 1.48 mg/kg.

It should be noted that the amount of moisture-absorbing material (filler) required for mixing with 1 ton of manure can also be determined by the formula:

Where M is the mass of the filler, t; W _n , W _t , W _c - humidity, respectively, of litter, peat and their mixture, %.

The stock of peat created at the compost preparation site, depending on the conditions of delivery, should be calculated for 1-6 months.

The ratio of manure and peat in the compost can be determined by the absorption capacity of ammonia by the original peat and by the content of ammonia nitrogen in the manure.

Failure to comply with the ratio between manure and peat in the direction of increasing manure contributes to the formation of runoff around compost heaps, with which batteries are lost.

Example 2. Composting was carried out in layers at a ratio of manure to peat 1:0.5 and 1:0.3 on a peat cushion 0.3-0.4 m high. The thickness (height) of the composting layers depended on the ratio of their components. The compost was stored for 3 and 6 months in small piles (piles) on a specially designated area with a hard surface. To reduce the loss of ammonia nitrogen, the stacks were covered with a layer of 25-30 cm of chopped straw, to obtain a homogeneous mass, the stack was mixed once during storage for air saturation using a bulldozer that mixes the mixture into stacks, in addition, it is possible to use modern equipment with deepening of the working body - auger agitator of stationary installation - brand ERK AK 250.

Example 3 Compost ripening lasted 3 months (April, May, June). Table 4 shows the chemical composition of the content of the main nutrients in manure-peat compost, depending on the ratio of components and moisture content of chicken manure.

From the data of Table 4 it follows that the presence of peat has improved the chemical composition of chicken manure. At a ratio of fresh (75% moisture) manure and peat 1:0.5, a slightly alkaline reaction of the medium is noted until a pH of 6.0-6.50 is reached, an increase in the total nitrogen content by 13.8; mobile phosphorus by 1.2; calcium by 0.58 mg/kg; ash content increased by 4.93%; manganese content by 49.86 mg/kg. At the same time, the potassium content decreased by 0.6; magnesium by 14.2 kg/t; copper by 9.98; zinc by 10.99; lead by 0.12 mg/kg.

In addition, using manure with a moisture content of 62% for composting, with a ratio of manure and peat of 1:0.5, the achievement of pH 6.0-6.50 is noted, an increase in the content of total nitrogen by 11.5; mobile phosphorus by 0.2; calcium by 2.0; magnesium by 11.86 kg/t; copper by 10.28; zinc by 49.7; manganese by 49.4 mg/kg.

At the same time, the humidity of the litter is 75% and the ratio of fresh litter and peat is 1:0.3, a slightly alkaline reaction of the environment is noted (pH 6.0-6.50), the content of total nitrogen increased by 14.7; mobile phosphorus by 1.5; calcium by 0.98 kg/t; manganese by 61.88 mg/kg; ash content by 2.04%, while the content of mobile potassium decreased by 0.8 kg/t; copper content by 7.12; zinc by 9.69; lead by 0.13 mg/kg.

It was also experimentally established that using manure of 62% moisture for composting, with a ratio of manure and peat of 1:0.3, the compost has a pH value of 5.0-6.50, while an increase in total nitrogen by 10.9; calcium by 4.5; magnesium by 13.46 kg/t; ash content by 3.25%; copper by 4.66; zinc by 46.7; manganese by 47.4 mg/kg, in addition, the content of mobile phosphorus decreased by 0.2; potassium by 0.6 kg/t, there are also traces of cadmium (Table 4).

Analysis of studies shows that with a ripening period of 3 months and a moisture content of chicken manure of 75%, taking into account its chemical composition, compost was the best at a ratio of 1:0.5, and at a moisture content of 62%, the best was 1:0.3.

Example 4. It was experimentally established that after 6 months of maturation (April, May, June, July, August, September, October), the selected samples of manure-peat compost were made again, chemical analysis was performed, is given (table 5).

Data analysis (Table 5) shows that at a manure moisture content of 75% and a manure to peat ratio of 1:0.5, the compost has a slightly alkaline reaction of the environment (pH 6.0-6.50), during composting the ash content increased by 6, 67%; dry matter content by 14.23%; zinc by 50.21; manganese by 45.26 mg/kg; total nitrogen by 6.6; mobile phosphorus by 0.6 kg/t; at the same time, the copper content decreased by 19.02 mg/kg; magnesium by 20.2 kg/t. In table. 5 indicates the background content of cadmium.

In relation to the comparison option when using manure 62% humidity and the ratio of manure to peat 1:0.5, the compost has a pH value of 6.0-6.50, during the composting the content of total nitrogen decreased by 19.5; mobile phosphorus by 0.4; potassium by 7.4 kg/t; ash content by 2.29%; dry matter content by 16.2%; copper by 56.2; manganese by 3.2 kg/t, but there is no cadmium and lead (Table 5).

According to the variant of manure humidity 75% and the ratio of manure and peat 1:0.3, the compost has a neutral reaction (pH 6.0-6.50), during composting the dry matter content increased by 14.15%; ash content by 6.61%; nitrogen content by 11.7; phosphorus by 0.4; calcium by 1.98 kg/t; zinc by 54.21; manganese by 19.9 kg/t; organic matter by 6.73% (Table 5).

According to the variant of manure humidity 62% and the ratio of manure to peat 1:0.3, the compost has a close to neutral reaction of the environment (pH 6.0-6.50), while the content of mobile phosphorus increased by 2.2; calcium by 3.3; magnesium by 0.46 kg/t; organic matter by 2.27%; at the same time, the content of total nitrogen decreased by 19.9; mobile potassium by 5.3 kg/g; copper by 56.32; zinc by 118.3; manganese by 139.51 mg/kg; dry matter by 17.94%; ash content by 2.38%, while there is no lead.

Thus, it can be seen from the given data that during the composting of chicken manure and peat, the chemical composition of manure-peat compost changes, and the moisture content of peat and the ratio of components are of greater importance.

Studies also show that with 6 months of storage and 75% humidity, the best ratio of chicken manure to peat is 1: 0.3, since the content of copper, lead, cadmium (heavy metals) in the compost is reduced, a pH value of 6 is reached, 0-6.50.

A highly effective fertilizer taken from a pile (burt) can be used in agriculture to restore soil fertility and increase productivity.

The aggregate composition of the resulting fertilizer allows it to be applied to the fields in a mechanized way.

As a result of microbiological examination, pathogenic microorganisms were not detected.

The results of microbiological analysis of disinfected chicken manure with peat in the form of compost confirm its reliable sterility and environmental safety.

According to the content of harmful substances and heavy metals, according to the content of trace elements necessary for the normal development of plants, the resulting compost product meets the requirements of SanPIM 2.1.7.573-96, SP 1.2.11700-02.

The results of the chemical composition of manure-peat composts showed that the amount of harmful chemical compounds that affect the environment and human health does not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations in the compost mixture.

In accordance with the “Criteria for Classifying Hazardous Waste as an Environmental Hazard Class”, approved by the MPRRF No. 511 dated June 15, 2001, a product obtained from fresh chicken manure from broiler chickens, mixed with peat using the proposed technology, can be classified as 4th class of dangerous.

It should be noted that at 62% humidity, if we consider the content of trace elements, then studies have shown that there are no big differences at a ratio of -1:0.3 and 1:0.5. It should be especially noted that there is no peat on the territory of the farm, and it should be purchased, then for a given period of storage, preference should be given to the ratio 1; 0.3.

In addition, as part of the resulting compost (fertilizer), which allows it to be applied to the fields, it is additionally possible to increase the rates of potash fertilizers, since composts contain a small amount of potassium.

In addition, it should be noted that in order to protect the compost from freezing in winter, it is advisable to add potassium salt or potassium chloride to the top layer of peat, which is used from above to complete the stack, at the rate of 1% of the total mass.

Thus, before introducing chicken manure, its chemical composition should be controlled, since it varies depending on storage conditions, feed, the content of nutrients that range from low to high and excessive, and this is also related to ensuring soil fertility. From this follows the conclusion that the use of organic fertilizers, the granulometric composition of the soil and the biological characteristics of crops affect the physicochemical and physical properties of the soil, its water regime.

It was noted above that during the composting of chicken manure and peat, the chemical composition of the manure-peat compost changes, and the humidity of the peat and the ratio of components are important, as was noted in detail above.

To obtain the proposed composition using manure-peat compost, recommendations have now been developed for managers and specialists of agricultural organizations and farms.

Thus, the invention can be implemented in a developing branch of agriculture - poultry farming.

Claims (3)

1. A method for preparing litter-peat composts based on bird droppings, characterized in that it includes mixing bedless fresh chicken manure with a moisture content of 75 and 62% with lowland peat as a moisture-absorbing material containing lime, vivionite and iron oxide at a ratio of bedless fresh chicken manure to lowland peat 1: 0.3, layer-by-layer form a stack up to 3-4 m high, compost the stack, then cover it with a layer of 25-30 cm chopped straw, and composting is carried out for 3 months until a pH of 6.0 is reached -6.50. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when composting, first a layer of peat cushion with a height of 0.25-0.35 m is laid on a hard surface. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that in order to obtain a homogeneous mass when composting the stacks, the stacks are mixed once during storage to saturate with air.