RU2788107C1 - Non-woven material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry.

SUBSTANCE: non-woven material is claimed, consisting of systems of warp and weft threads fixed with stitched thread in chain interlacing. Yarn of a mixture of anion-exchange and cation-exchange polycaproamide fibers is used as warp threads, and flat polypropylene thread is used as weft thread, yarn of hydrophilic modified polyamide fiber is used as stitched thread. In this case, material density by warp is (80-100) threads/100 mm, density by weft is (100-130) threads/100 mm. Material is additionally subjected to thermal pressing at a temperature of (120-130)°C.

EFFECT: reduction in permeability for water and its vapors, as well as for harmful substances and solid particles, and increase in mechanical strength of non-woven material.

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Description

The claimed invention relates to the textile industry, to the production of non-woven materials and can be used as a packaging material.

The closest to the claimed invention in terms of the achieved technical result and the largest number of essential features is the Netkol non-woven thread-sewn fabric, consisting of systems of warp and weft threads, fastened with a stitched thread with a chain weave, cotton yarn is used as the warp, weft and stitch threads, cotton yarn, density according to the base is 100 threads/100 mm, the weft density is 120 threads/100 mm (TU17 RSFSR 63-10180-81).

The disadvantage of the material is insufficiently high operational properties, for example, a sufficiently high permeability for water and steam, aggressive gases, solid particles, as a result of which it is possible for unwanted substances to penetrate through the packaging material both inside the package and the possible release of harmful substances through the package into the environment, low mechanical strength.

The objective of the invention is to develop a non-woven material with improved performance properties.

The technical result is to reduce the permeability to water and its vapors, harmful substances and solid particles, as well as to increase the mechanical strength of the nonwoven material.

The technical result is ensured by the fact that in a non-woven material consisting of systems of warp and weft threads, fastened with a sewn thread in a chain weave, yarn from a mixture of anion-exchange and cation-exchange polycaproamide fibers is used as the warp threads, a flat polypropylene thread is used as a weft thread, and a flat polypropylene thread is used as a sewing thread. threads - yarn from hydrophilic modified polyamide fiber, and the density of the material on the warp is (80-100) threads / 100 mm, the density of the weft is (100-130) threads / 100 mm, and the material is additionally subjected to heat pressing at a temperature of (120-130 )°С.

The essence of the invention lies in the use of yarn from a mixture of anion-exchange and cation-exchange polycaproamide fibers as warp threads, capable of absorbing acidic and basic gases, which increases the performance properties of the material, reducing the likelihood of penetration of aggressive media both into the package and into the air. The introduction of a sewing thread in the form of a yarn from a hydrophilic modified polyamide fiber into the composition of the material prevents the penetration of moisture into the package, and also contributes to an increase in the moisture content of the warp thread system, thereby increasing their sorption activity. The introduction of weft from polypropylene flat threads into the composition of the material, followed by thermal pressing at a temperature of (120-130) ° C, leads to the melting of polypropylene weft threads with the formation of a film structure that prevents the penetration of moisture and aggressive media both into the package and into the environment

The choice of density for the warp and weft is optimal, since its decrease reduces the operational properties of the package, and its increase increases the surface density of the material, lowers the efficiency.

The choice of thermopressing temperature is optimal, since with a decrease in temperature it is not possible to create a strong film structure, and with an increase in temperature, the rigidity of the material increases and its drapeability decreases. In addition, the sorption activity of the ion-exchange yarn decreases, since a significant part of the active fibrous surface is covered by the melt.

The non-woven material is obtained using the Malimo thread-piercing technology, followed by thermal pressing.

According to standard methods (GOST R ISO 56918-2016, GOST R ISO 57584-2017, GOST R ISO 57876-2017, GOST R ISO 907317-2016, GOST 16166-80, GOST -12.4.135-84, GOST 3813-72) the properties of the claimed material and the prototype material are determined under comparable conditions. The results of testing the comparative characteristics of the properties of the sorption-filtering material are given in the table.

Table Index Material
prototype Example material 1 2 3 four five 1 2 3 four five 6 7 1. Acid resistance (by loss of strength), %
by lenght
in width 35
thirty 10
6 12
10 15
fourteen 13
nine fourteen
eleven 2. Acid permeability, min five 15 17 22 eighteen 20 3. Alkali permeability, min 3 7 nine 12 nine 12 4. Breaking load, N
by lenght
in width 216
157 540
418 558
426 572
475 542
415 560
440 5. Elongation at break, %
by lenght
in width thirty
10 76
79 85
82 94
87 86
81 89
85 6. Vapor permeability, % 5.7 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.7 7. Air permeability, dm ³ / m ² s 560 285 275 240 280 257 8. Dust permeability, % 35 6 four 1.8 4.8 3.6 9. Moisture absorption, % 5.7 5.6 5.4 4.9 5.6 5.2

Example 1. Warp density 80 threads/100 mm, weft density 100 threads/100 mm. The material is additionally subjected to thermal pressing at a temperature of 120°C.

Example 2 Warp count 90 threads/100 mm, weft count 115 threads/100 mm. The material is additionally subjected to thermal pressing at a temperature of 125°C.

Example 3 Warp density 100 threads/100 mm, weft density 130 threads/100 mm. The material is additionally subjected to thermal pressing at a temperature of 130°C.

Example 4 Warp density 90 threads/100 mm, weft density 115 threads/100 mm. The material is additionally subjected to thermal pressing at a temperature of 120°C.

Example 5 Warp density 90 threads/100 mm, weft density 115 threads/100 mm. The material is additionally subjected to thermal pressing at a temperature of 130°C.

From the given data it can be seen that the best result was obtained with a warp density of 90 threads / 100 mm, a weft density of 115 threads / 100 mm, heat pressing at a temperature of 130 ° C, which provides acid resistance along the length of 14%, along the width 10%, acid permeability 20 min, alkali permeability 12 min., breaking load in length 560N, in width 440N, elongation at break in length 89%, in width 85%, vapor permeability 2.7%, air permeability 257 dm ³ /m ² s, dust permeability 3.6% , moisture absorption 5.2%.

The increase in the operational properties of the material is explained by the fact that the polypropylene weft threads melt, creating a film structure, which reduces the permeability of the material for water and its vapors, as well as harmful substances both inside the package and through the material into the environment. In the contact zones of fibers containing different functional groups and different hygroscopicity, an electric potential arises, leading to better surface interaction of polar molecules of harmful gases with polar molecules of anion-exchange fibers and better penetration of them deep into the nonwoven packaging material. It also improves the performance properties of the material. Changing the content of warp, weft and piercing threads, as well as the heat treatment temperature, leads to a change in the complex of material properties.

Thus, the presence in the composition of the material of systems of warp and weft threads, fastened with a sewing thread, and as the warp threads, a yarn from a mixture of anion-exchange and cation-exchange polycaproamide fibers is used, as a weft thread, a flat polypropylene thread, as a sewing thread, a yarn from a hydrophilic modified polyamide fiber and additional thermal pressing at a temperature of (120-130)°C increase the operational properties of the nonwoven material by reducing the permeability to water and its vapors, harmful substances both inside the package and through the material into the environment.

Claims (1)

Non-woven material consisting of systems of warp and weft threads, fastened with a sewn thread by interlacing a chain, characterized in that yarn from a mixture of anion-exchange and cation-exchange polycaproamide fibers is used as the warp threads in the non-woven material, a flat polypropylene thread is used as a weft thread, and a flat polypropylene thread is used as a sewing thread. threads - yarn from hydrophilic modified polyamide fiber, and the density of the warp material is (80-100) threads / 100 mm, the weft density is (100-130) threads / 100 mm, and the material is additionally subjected to heat pressing at a temperature of 120-130 ° FROM.