CN113181714B - Bi-component filter cotton, and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents

Bi-component filter cotton, and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113181714B
CN113181714B CN202110367875.5A CN202110367875A CN113181714B CN 113181714 B CN113181714 B CN 113181714B CN 202110367875 A CN202110367875 A CN 202110367875A CN 113181714 B CN113181714 B CN 113181714B
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filter cotton
component
component filter
fiber
water
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CN113181714A (en
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陈琳
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/08—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
    • B01D2239/0216—Bicomponent or multicomponent fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing

Abstract

The invention discloses bi-component filter cotton, a manufacturing method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of non-woven material processing. The manufacturing method of the bi-component filter cotton comprises the following steps: step 1: preparing a mixed material from a spun-bonded component; step 2: pretreating short fiber components; and step 3: spinning and mixing to form a net; and 4, step 4: needling and consolidating; and 5: water electret; step 6: winding, detecting, cutting and packaging. The invention also discloses the bi-component filter cotton prepared by the preparation method and application thereof. The bi-component filter cotton manufactured by the invention has the following advantages: the production efficiency is high, the special-shaped cross-section filament fibers in the product can increase the collision probability of the particles, improve the holding fastness of the particles and avoid the falling of the particles and fly ash; the filter has higher filtering efficiency on oily aerosol and salt aerosol, and does not decay with the increase of the storage time; can be repeatedly used under the condition of 3-5 times of water washing, thereby saving the cost.

Description

Bi-component filter cotton, and manufacturing method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to bi-component filter cotton, a manufacturing method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of non-woven material processing.
Background
According to statistics, in the last 10 years, about 1400 million tons of particulate matters are discharged into the atmosphere every year in China, and stable aerosol is formed. These aerosols are mainly in the following three categories: firstly, fine particles directly released into the air by various pollution sources comprise smoke dust, flying dust, oil smoke, oil mist, pollen, volcanic ash and the like; the second is the fine particles formed by the reaction, absorption and condensation of the chemically active gaseous pollutants including SO after being discharged into the atmosphere 2 NOx, ammonia (NH) 3 ) And other volatile organics, and the like; and thirdly, various microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and the like which are artificial or natural.
With the advance of urbanization, these harmful aerosols become more and more complex, and the influence on people's daily life also becomes more and more concentrated, seriously threatens people's health. Especially, the PM2.5 particles have the characteristics of smaller size, long service life, wide spread range and the like, can easily enter the lung through the respiratory system of a human body, so that lung diseases, respiratory system diseases, heart diseases, premature death and the like are caused, and the harm to the human body is particularly serious. The air filtration entering the room and the separation and collection of particulate matters in the indoor circulating air have attracted attention, so how to prepare the air filtration material with low cost, high efficiency and low resistance is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
The common filter materials in the market at present are melt-blown non-woven fabrics and a small amount of electrostatic cotton filter materials. Melt blown nonwovens suffer from the following disadvantages: the filter has the advantages of extremely fine fiber (the diameter is 0.1-3 mu m), low strength, large resistance, low dust holding capacity, distribution of the filter efficiency of 15-99 percent of products with the same gram weight, uneven quality, increased filter area through pleating and the like to improve air permeability, and great limitation in many applications.
The mature preparation method of the electrostatic cotton filter material in the market at present is a needling reinforcement process by using short fiber carding web, the fiber raw material of the filter material must contain spinning oil, if the spinning oil is not completely removed, the generation of post static electricity in the electret processing process can be influenced, and the dissipation of the static electricity can be accelerated, so that the problems of poor electrostatic attraction effect and serious attenuation of the filter efficiency after a period of time exist. In addition, the electrostatic cotton manufactured by the spun-bonded filament needling method has been reported to have the fineness of 1.5D-3D and the fineness of 10g/m 2 -15g/m 2 The hot-rolled spun-bonded non-woven fabric adopts a corona discharge mode for electret, and in the method, because the electret auxiliary agent is inorganic powder, the terminal product still has the defects of low static fullness degree, low filtering efficiency on oily aerosol, incapability of being washed by water, easy attenuation of static in the storage process and the like.
The electrostatic filter cotton material used in the market at present generally has the following problems:
1. after the high-voltage corona discharge electret, along with the dissipation of static electricity, the filtering efficiency is sharply reduced, and the inventory life and the service life are shorter.
2. The targeted aerosol is limited to salt aerosol, the oily aerosol basically has no intercepting effect, the requirements cannot be met under the working conditions that the salt aerosol and the oily aerosol are integrated such as kitchen oil fume filtration, electric welding smoke filtration and diesel smoke filtration, and other filtering materials in the market cannot meet the requirements.
3. The static carried by the existing electret method is sensitive to water washing, and the charges in the static cotton completely disappear after the static cotton is contacted with water, so that the static cotton cannot be washed by water and cannot be repeatedly used, and the cost is increased.
4. The fiber cross section of the existing electrostatic filter material is circular, the specific surface area of the fiber with the circular cross section is the smallest under the same titer and gram weight, and the fiber with the circular cross section is deficient compared with the fiber with the special-shaped cross section in the contact and interception effects of particles in aerosol.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a bi-component filter cotton, a manufacturing method thereof and an application thereof to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing bi-component filter cotton. The bi-component filter cotton manufactured by the invention has the following advantages: the production efficiency is high, the special-shaped cross-section filament fibers in the product can increase the collision probability of the particles, improve the holding fastness of the particles and avoid the falling of the particles and fly ash; the filter has higher filtering efficiency on oily aerosol and salt aerosol, and does not decay with the increase of the storage time; can be repeatedly used under the condition of 3-5 times of water washing, thereby saving the cost.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a manufacturing method of bi-component filter cotton comprises the following steps:
step 1: spunbond component preparation blend
Respectively weighing resin particles and the water electret master batch according to the weight ratio of (80-99.5) to (0.5-20), uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a mixture;
step 2: pretreatment of short fiber components
Taking short fiber components, washing with water, and drying to obtain clean short fibers; then opening and carding are carried out until the fibers are in a single loose state, and a pretreated short fiber component is obtained;
and 3, step 3: spinning and mixing net
Performing melt extrusion and homogenization on the mixed material obtained in the step 1, spraying out from a spinneret orifice with a special-shaped section, and performing air flow cooling and air flow drafting until a single spunbonded filament with a special-shaped section is obtained;
simultaneously spraying the pretreated short fiber component obtained in the step 2 into a spun-bonded filament area from two sides of a side blowing device, and uniformly mixing the short fiber component and the spun-bonded filament to obtain a mixture;
dropping the mixture onto a negative pressure coagulation net curtain to obtain a formed bi-component fiber net;
and 4, step 4: needle punching consolidation
Carrying out needling consolidation on the formed bicomponent fiber net obtained in the step (3) to obtain a needled bicomponent fiber net;
and 5: water electret
Performing water electret on the needled bi-component fiber web obtained in the step (4), and then drying to obtain a bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product;
step 6: winding, detecting, slitting and packaging
And (5) winding, detecting, slitting and packaging the bi-component filter cotton obtained in the step (5) to obtain a bi-component filter cotton finished product.
The principle of the manufacturing method of the bi-component filter cotton is as follows:
the combination of filament spun-bond and short fiber air-laid technology is adopted, the two fibers with different electronegativities are uniformly mixed and distributed, static charges are promoted to be transferred to electret master batches in the filament spun-bond component technology, and surface ions are removed by cleaning before the short fibers enter the air-laid technology, so that the good insulating property and the static electricity retaining force of the fibers of the two components are ensured. After the finished product is made, as long as airflow passes through the filter cotton, the fibers of the two components generate friction, so that charge transfer can be continuously generated and static electricity is charged.
In the step 1 of the invention, the resin particles are the main material for spinning, the water electret master batch is the key material for charge transfer of the spun-bonded fiber, and the drying is to avoid the adverse effects of fiber breakage, foaming and the like caused by the influence of residual or mixed water in the processes of processing, storage and transportation of the two materials on the spinning process.
The water electret master batch can be purchased commercially, such as non-woven fabric electret master batch series of Yancheng Ruiz master batch company Limited.
In step 2 of the invention, the short fiber component is washed with water to remove oil and various ions on the surface of the fiber and improve the insulation of the short fiber component. When the subsequent two component fibers are rubbed by the air stream, a substantial amount of the charge is transferred to charge each other and remain stable. The short fibers are dispersed to be in a single loose state through opening and carding, so that the uniform mixing with the spun-bonded filaments in the subsequent process is facilitated.
In step 3 of the invention, during spinning, the molten fluid passes through spinneret orifices with special-shaped cross sections on a spinneret plate and is cooled by air flow to obtain fibers with special-shaped cross sections. And then the fiber number of the fiber is controlled within a set range through air drafting, the short fiber component and the spun-bonded filament are conveyed in the drafting air flow, are uniformly mixed and conveyed to a condensed net curtain, and are uniformly distributed into a net by the fiber under the net through air suction.
In step 4 of the invention, the needle punching consolidation means that the fiber web obtained in step 3 and made of the fibers with the special-shaped cross section is input into a needle punching machine through a transmission mesh belt for needle punching consolidation, so that the fibers in the fiber web are entangled in the vertical direction, and the fibers are broken to a certain degree through the forced hook punching of the needle punching consolidation felting needles.
In the step 5 of the invention, the water electret is to puncture, rub and entangle the bi-component fiber web by adopting water flow or water vapor flow, on one hand, the cohesion of the fibers in the fiber web is strengthened, and the structure is more compact and flat; on the other hand, the surface of the single fiber can change the charge distribution of the surface of the fiber through friction with water. After drying, the positive and negative charges are transferred and maintained in the fibers of the two components with higher strength. And the anisotropic cross-section of the spunbond filament component is prone to edge effects in the distribution of charge.
In conclusion, the bi-component filter cotton manufactured by the invention has the following advantages: the production efficiency is high, the special-shaped cross-section filament fibers in the product can increase the collision probability of the particles, improve the holding fastness of the particles and avoid the falling of the particles and fly ash; the filter has higher filtering efficiency on oily aerosol and salt aerosol, and does not decay with the increase of the storage time; can be repeatedly used under the condition of 3-5 times of water washing, thereby saving the cost.
The manufacturing method of the bi-component filter cotton has the beneficial effects that:
1. the short fiber components are conveyed to the spun-bonded filament drafting area by air flow and mixed, and then are uniformly distributed to form a net by the air flow, and compared with the conventional carding net used by electrostatic cotton materials, the method has higher production efficiency. Under the condition of the same specification and width, the method of the invention has the advantages that the yield of the single machine is 3-8 times of that of the conventional electrostatic cotton, thereby being beneficial to reducing the production cost and being suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
2. The raw materials of the invention are one fiber which can easily obtain electrons and one fiber combination which can volatilize electrons, and the friction between the fibers of the obtained bi-component filter cotton product when airflow passes through the bi-component filter cotton product endows the two fibers with different charges, thereby continuously generating electrostatic adsorption force, ensuring the collision probability and the holding fastness of particles and not generating efficiency attenuation along with the increase of the storage time.
3. The spun-bonded filament component of the bi-component filter cotton obtained by the invention is directly spun into a net by pure resin slices, no oiling agent or ion is used, the filament has high structural strength and good dimensional stability, a hot-rolled spun-bonded non-woven fabric without charge transfer capacity is not required to be used as a reinforcing material, and the static charge density is high and is easy to keep stable.
4. The spun-bonded filament component of the bi-component filter cotton obtained by the invention has a special-shaped section, and compared with the conventional fiber with a circular section, the spun-bonded filament component has larger specific surface area and higher collision probability and holding fastness to particles.
5. The bi-component filter cotton obtained by the invention adopts a water electret process, has obviously improved filtering effect on oily aerosol compared with the electrostatic filter cotton formed by combing short fibers into a net on the market, and can adapt to wider application.
6. Aiming at the working condition of common salt aerosol at present, the bi-component filter cotton can be washed by soft water for 3-5 times, can be repeatedly used under the condition that the whole structure is not damaged, and saves the cost.
7. The manufacturing method is simple and reliable, easy to operate, wide in market prospect and suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, in step 1, the resin particles are any one of polyolefin, polyester, polylactic acid, and polyphenylene sulfide.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: polyolefins and polymers of olefins are a general term for thermoplastic resins obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing an α -olefin such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, etc., and a certain cyclic olefin alone. The polypropylene is widely applied to various textiles and non-woven fabrics due to low density, excellent spinnability and human body affinity, spinning polypropylene resin is preferably selected in the invention, and the melt index of the spinning polypropylene resin is 12g/10min-45g/10min within the general test standard.
Polyesters are a generic name for polymers obtained by polycondensation of polyhydric alcohols and polybasic acids, mainly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and also include linear thermoplastic resins such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyarylates. The PET is one of the most widely used synthetic fibers in the textile garment and non-woven fabric industries due to excellent coloring performance and processability, and the PBT has better flexibility and electrical insulation compared with the PET and has great potential in future high-end products.
Polylactic acid, also known as polylactide, of the formula (C) 3 H 4 O 2 ) n, CAS number: 26100-51-6. Polylactic acid is a polymer obtained by polymerizing lactic acid as a main raw material, and belongs to a polyester family. The polylactic acid has the processability and the degradability of synthetic resin, the raw materials of the polylactic acid are from plants such as corn and the like, the polylactic acid is fully renewable, the production process is pollution-free, the polylactic acid realizes the circulation in the nature, and the polylactic acid is an ideal green high polymer material.
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS), also known as PPS, is a material widely used for special protective textiles and industrial dust removal, has excellent thermal stability and flame retardance, has an oxygen index value of 34-35, a strength retention rate of 60% at 200 ℃, and has no change in elongation at break; second only to Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers; has better spinning processing performance.
The polyester, the polyolefin, the polylactic acid and the polyphenylene sulfide are all thermoplastic spinning particles, have mature commercial supply and application, and mature and reliable spinnability and stability of raw materials.
By adopting the materials, the obtained spun-bonded filament can easily obtain electrons in the friction with electropositive short fibers, is electronegative, and has the insulativity of more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10 17 Ω & cm, to ensure stable retention after charge transfer and to continue to generate adsorption force for dust particle capture.
Further, in the step 1, the water content of the mixture is 0.1wt% -0.5wt%.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the fiber forming in the spun-bonded processing process is more stable, and the poor fibers such as broken filaments and bubbles are not easy to occur.
Further, in the step 2, the short fiber component is any one of acrylonitrile, acrylic fiber, nylon 6, nylon 66, wool, rabbit hair and cellulose fiber, and the fineness is 0.8D-5.0D.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the fibers are all electropositive and easy to lose electrons, and after cleaning and drying for removing surface ions, the insulativity is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 10 17 Ω cm, which contributes to the retention of positive charges and sustains the exertion of the adsorption force on dust particles during filtration.
Further, in the step 2, the ion content of the clean short fiber surface is less than or equal to 50/cm 2 The water content is 1.5wt% -3.0wt%.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: proper moisture retention can avoid the conditions that excessive static electricity is generated in the opening and carding process to cause pilling, agglomeration and the like which are not beneficial to fiber dispersion.
Further, in the step 3, the special-shaped section is any one or more than two of a flat shape, a C shape, an L shape, a triangle shape, a trefoil shape, an H shape, a cross shape, a double cross shape and a quincunx shape.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: adopt above-mentioned shape, for the circular cross-section that prior art adopted, can increase the collision probability of particulate matter to promote the fastness of gripping of particulate matter, avoid dropping and the fly ash of particulate matter.
Further, in step 3, the fineness of the spunbond filaments is 0.8D-5.0D.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the fibers in the fiber web are easy to distribute uniformly, dust particles can be effectively captured, and the structure of the fiber web can be well supported and maintained.
Further, in step 3, the weight ratio of the staple fiber component to the spunbond filaments is (10-90): (10-90).
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: can ensure that the fibers of the two components can be fully and uniformly mixed and ensure that the charge densities of the two components can be matched most effectively.
Further, in the step 4, the density of the needling consolidation is 30 needles/cm 2 -500 needles/cm 2 。
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: the needling consolidation is carried out in a needling machine. By adopting the parameters, the needling consolidation effect is better.
Further, in step 5, the water electret adopts water flow generated by deionized water or generated water vapor, the pressure is 5bar-120bar, and the temperature is 20 ℃ to 150 ℃.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: by adopting the parameters, the water electret effect is optimal, and the bi-component filter cotton with charges can be obtained. In addition, the deionized water is adopted, so that the problem of charge density reduction caused by the fact that ions remain on the surface of the filter cotton fiber can be solved.
Further, in the step 5, the water content of the bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product is less than or equal to 0.5wt%.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: by adopting the parameters, the requirement of the water content of the finished product can be met.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a bi-component filter cotton. The bi-component filter cotton is prepared by the preparation method, can be used in the fields of air conditioner filter screens, pleating filters, screen window filter screens, purifying room filtering, personal respiration protection filtering and fan filtering, and has wide application fields and wide market prospects.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the bi-component filter cotton prepared by the preparation method.
The beneficial effects of the bi-component filter cotton are as follows:
the bi-component filter cotton is prepared by the preparation method, can be used in the fields of air conditioner filter screens, pleating filters, screen window filter screens, purifying room filtering, personal respiration protection filtering and fan filtering, and has wide application fields and wide market prospects.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the bi-component filter cotton prepared by the preparation method. The bi-component filter cotton prepared by the preparation method can be used in the fields of air conditioner filter screens, pleated filters, screen window filter screens, purification room filtering, personal breathing protection filtering and fan filtering.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the bi-component filter cotton prepared by the preparation method is applied to the fields of air conditioner filter screens, pleating filters, screen window filter screens, purification room filtering, personal respiration protection filtering and fan filtering.
The application of the bi-component filter cotton has the beneficial effects that:
the bi-component filter cotton prepared by the preparation method can be used in the fields of air conditioner filter screens, pleating filters, screen window filter screens, purification room filtering, personal expiration protection filtering and fan filtering, and has wide application fields and wide market prospects.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are set forth merely to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment is a preparation method of bi-component filter cotton composed of polypropylene spun-bonded filaments and acrylonitrile short fibers, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of a blend of Polypropylene (PP) spunbond Components
Respectively weighing PP spun-bonded resin particles and the water electret master batch according to the weight ratio of 95 to 5, uniformly mixing, and drying until the water content is 0.1wt% to obtain a mixture.
Step 2: pretreatment of short fiber components
Taking acrylonitrile short fiber components with the fineness of 1.5D and the length of 38mm, removing oil agents and various ions on the surface of the fibers through water washing, and drying to obtain clean short fibers. The clean short fiber surface ion content is 50/cm 2 The water content was 1.5wt%.
Then opening and carding are carried out until the single fiber is in a loose state, and the pretreated short fiber component is obtained.
And step 3: spinning and mixing net
And (3) performing melt extrusion and homogenization on the mixed material obtained in the step (1), and then spraying the mixed material from a spinneret orifice with a trilobal section. And then cooling by airflow and drafting by airflow until a single spun-bonded filament with a trilobal section is obtained, wherein the titer is 1.8D.
Simultaneously spraying the pretreated short fiber component obtained in the step 2 into a spun-bonded filament area from two sides of a side blowing device, and uniformly mixing the short fiber component and the spun-bonded filament, wherein the weight ratio of the short fiber component to the spun-bonded filament is 50:50, obtaining a mixture.
And dropping the mixture onto a negative pressure coagulation net curtain to obtain the formed bicomponent fiber net.
And 4, step 4: needle punching consolidation
Performing needling consolidation on the fiber web obtained in the step 3, wherein the needling density is 360 needles/CM 2 And obtaining the needle punched fiber web.
And 5: water electret
And (4) performing water electret on the needled fiber web obtained in the step (4) by adopting water flow generated by deionized water, performing preliminary dehydration in a negative pressure area at the electret pressure of 25bar and the temperature of 90 ℃ and the length of the electret area of 20cm, and drying by drying air at 150 ℃ to obtain a bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product with the water content of 0.5wt%. The charge of the bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product is stably transferred, and the bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product consists of PP spun-bonded filaments and acrylonitrile fibers and has a trilobal section.
And 6: winding, detecting, slitting and packaging
And (5) winding, detecting, slitting and packaging the bi-component filter cotton obtained in the step (5) to obtain a bi-component filter cotton finished product. The finished product of the bi-component filter cotton consists of PP spun-bonded filaments and acrylonitrile short fibers and has a trilobal section.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that the cross section in step 3 is circular, and the rest is the same.
Comparative tests were conducted on the bicomponent filter cotton product having a trilobal cross-section prepared in example 1 (hereinafter referred to as "trilobal cross-section"), the bicomponent filter cotton product having a circular cross-section prepared in comparative example 1 (hereinafter referred to as "circular cross-section"), and the commercial inlet electrostatic filter cotton. The imported electrostatic filter cotton was purchased from Texel, canada, and was of Tribo-0100 specification, circular in cross-section.
The test method is carried out according to the standard of EN 13274-7-2008 respiratory protection device, test method, part 7, measurement of particle filtration and infiltration, by using NaCl salt spray at an air flow of 85L/min and 100cm 2 Test area test data for filtration efficiency and resistance to 0.3 micron particle size are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 test data
Figure BDA0003008100630000111
And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from table 1, the resistance of the bi-component filter cotton product with a trilobal cross-section is not different from that of the bi-component filter cotton product with a circular cross-section in the bi-component filter cotton product with the same condition, but the filtering efficiency of the bi-component filter cotton product with a trilobal cross-section is higher than that of the bi-component filter cotton product with a circular cross-section in both the non-electret state and the electret state, which indicates that the bi-component filter cotton product with a trilobal cross-section performs better than that of the bi-component filter cotton product with a circular cross-section in terms of collision and interception of dust. In addition, compared with the imported electrostatic cotton, the filtration efficiency of the finished product of the bi-component filter cotton with the trilobal section is higher and more advantageous.
Example 2
The embodiment is a preparation method of bi-component filter cotton composed of polypropylene spun-bonded filaments and nylon 66 short fibers, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of a blend of Polypropylene (PP) spunbond Components
Respectively weighing PP spun-bonded resin particles and the water electret master batch according to the weight ratio of 95 to 5, uniformly mixing, and drying until the water content is 0.3wt% to obtain a mixture.
Step 2: pretreatment of short fiber components
Taking a nylon 66 short fiber component with the fineness of 1.5D and the length of 38mm, removing oil agent and various ions on the surface of the fiber through water washing, and drying to obtain clean short fibers. The ion content on the surface of the clean short fiber is 40/cm 2 The water content was 2.5wt%.
Then opening and carding are carried out until the single fiber is in a loose state, and the pretreated short fiber component is obtained.
And 3, step 3: spinning and mixing net
And (3) performing melt extrusion and homogenization on the mixed material obtained in the step (1), and then spraying the mixed material from a spinneret orifice with a double-cross-shaped cross section. And then cooling by airflow and drafting by airflow until a single spun-bonded filament with a double-cross-shaped section is obtained, wherein the titer is 2.0D.
Simultaneously spraying the pretreated short fiber component obtained in the step 2 into a spun-bonded filament area from two sides of a side blowing device, and uniformly mixing the short fiber component with the spun-bonded filaments, wherein the weight ratio of the short fiber component to the spun-bonded filaments is 50:50, obtaining a mixture.
And dropping the mixture onto a negative pressure coagulation net curtain to obtain the formed bicomponent fiber net.
And 4, step 4: needle punching consolidation
Carrying out needling consolidation on the fiber web obtained in the step 3, wherein the needling density is 380 needles/CM 2 And obtaining the needle punched fiber web.
And 5: water electret
And (4) performing water electret on the needled fiber web obtained in the step (4) by adopting water flow generated by deionized water, performing preliminary dehydration in a negative pressure area at the electret pressure of 25bar and the temperature of 90 ℃ and the length of the electret area of 20cm, and drying by drying air at 150 ℃ to obtain a bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product with the water content of 0.3 wt%. The charge of the semi-finished product of the bi-component filter cotton is stably transferred, and the semi-finished product of the bi-component filter cotton is composed of PP spun-bonded filaments and nylon 66 short fibers and has a double-cross section.
And 6: winding, detecting, slitting and packaging
And (5) winding, detecting, slitting and packaging the bi-component filter cotton obtained in the step (5) to obtain a bi-component filter cotton finished product. The finished product of the bi-component filter cotton consists of PP spun-bonded filaments and nylon 66 short fibers and has a double-cross section.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 2 in that the cross section in step 3 is circular, and the rest is the same.
A comparison test was performed on the double-component filter cotton product with a double cross-shaped cross section (hereinafter referred to as a "trilobal cross section") prepared in example 2, the double-component filter cotton product with a circular cross section (hereinafter referred to as a "circular cross section") prepared in comparative example 2, and the inlet electrostatic filter cotton on the market. The imported electrostatic filter cotton was purchased from Texel, canada, and was of a Tribo-0100 specification with a circular cross-section.
The test method is carried out according to the standard of EN 13274-7-2008 respiratory protection device, test method, part 7, measurement of particle filtration and infiltration, by using NaCl salt spray at an air flow of 85L/min and 100cm 2 Test area test data for filtration efficiency and resistance to 0.3 micron particle size are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 test data
Figure BDA0003008100630000141
And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from table 2, the resistance of the bi-component filter cotton product with the double cross-shaped cross section is not different from that of the bi-component filter cotton product with the circular cross section in the bi-component filter cotton product with the same condition, but the filtering efficiency of the bi-component filter cotton product is higher than that of the bi-component filter cotton product with the circular cross section in both the non-electret state and the electret state, which indicates that the bi-component filter cotton product with the double cross-shaped cross section performs better than that of the bi-component filter cotton product with the circular cross section in terms of collision and interception of dust. In addition, compared with the imported static cotton, the double-cross-section double-component filter cotton finished product has higher filtering efficiency and is more advantageous.
Example 3
The embodiment is a preparation method of bicomponent filter cotton composed of polyethylene terephthalate spun-bonded filaments and nylon 6 short fibers, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of a blend of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) spunbond Components
Respectively weighing PET (polyethylene terephthalate) spun-bonded resin particles and the water electret master batch according to the weight ratio of 95 to 5, uniformly mixing, and drying until the water content is 0.5wt% to obtain a mixture.
Step 2: pretreatment of short fiber component
Taking a nylon 6 short fiber component with the fineness of 1.5D and the length of 38mm, removing oil agent and various ions on the surface of the fiber through water washing, and drying to obtain clean short fibers. The ion content on the surface of the clean short fiber is 35 pieces/cm 2 The water content was 3.0wt%.
Then opening and carding are carried out until the single fiber is in a loose state, and the pretreated short fiber component is obtained.
And step 3: spinning and mixing net
And (3) performing melt extrusion and homogenization on the mixed material obtained in the step (1), and then spraying out from a spinneret orifice with an H-shaped section. And then cooling by airflow and drafting by airflow until a single spun-bonded filament with an H-shaped section is obtained, wherein the titer is 2.2D.
Simultaneously spraying the pretreated short fiber component obtained in the step 2 into a spun-bonded filament area from two sides of a side blowing device, and uniformly mixing the short fiber component and the spun-bonded filament, wherein the weight ratio of the short fiber component to the spun-bonded filament is 50:50, obtaining a mixture.
And dropping the mixture onto a negative pressure coagulation net curtain to obtain the formed bicomponent fiber net.
And 4, step 4: needle punching consolidation
Carrying out needling consolidation on the fiber web obtained in the step 3, wherein the needling density is 450 needles/CM 2 And obtaining the needle punched fiber web.
And 5: water electret
And (4) performing water electret on the needle-punched fiber web obtained in the step (4) by adopting water flow generated by deionized water, performing preliminary dehydration in a negative pressure area at the electret pressure of 25bar and the temperature of 110 ℃ and the length of the electret area of 20cm, and drying the fiber web at 180 ℃ by drying air to obtain a bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product with the water content of 0.3 wt%. The charge of the semi-finished product of the bi-component filter cotton is stably transferred, and the bi-component filter cotton consists of PET spun-bonded filaments and nylon 6 short fibers and has an H-shaped section.
Step 6: winding, detecting, slitting and packaging
And (5) winding, detecting, slitting and packaging the bi-component filter cotton obtained in the step (5) to obtain a bi-component filter cotton finished product. The finished product of the bi-component filter cotton consists of PET spun-bonded filaments and nylon 6 short fibers and has an H-shaped section.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 3 in that the cross section in step 3 is circular, and the rest is the same.
A comparison test was performed on the H-section bicomponent filter cotton product prepared in example 3 (hereinafter referred to as "trilobal section") and the circular section bicomponent filter cotton product prepared in comparative example 3 (hereinafter referred to as "circular section").
The test method is carried out according to the standard of EN 13274-7-2008 respiratory protection device, test method, part 7, measurement of particle filtration and infiltration, by using NaCl salt spray at an air flow of 85L/min and 100cm 2 Test area test data for filtration efficiency and resistance to 0.3 micron particle size are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 test data
Figure BDA0003008100630000161
And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from Table 2, the resistance of the bi-component filter cotton product with H-shaped cross section is not different from that of the bi-component filter cotton product with circular cross section in the bi-component filter cotton product with the same condition, but the filtering efficiency of the bi-component filter cotton product with H-shaped cross section is higher than that of the bi-component filter cotton product with circular cross section in both the non-electret and electret states, which indicates that the bi-component filter cotton product with H-shaped cross section performs better than that of the bi-component filter cotton product with circular cross section in the aspects of collision and interception of dust.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. The manufacturing method of the bi-component filter cotton is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: spunbond component preparation blend
Respectively weighing resin particles and the water electret master batch according to the weight ratio of (80-99.5) to (0.5-20), uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a mixture;
and 2, step: pretreatment of short fiber component
Taking short fiber components, washing with water, and drying to obtain clean short fibers; then opening and carding to be in a single loose state to obtain a pretreated short fiber component;
and step 3: spinning and mixing net
Performing melt extrusion and homogenization on the mixed material obtained in the step 1, spraying out from a spinneret orifice with a special-shaped section, and performing air flow cooling and air flow drafting until a single spunbonded filament with a special-shaped section is obtained;
simultaneously spraying the pretreated short fiber component obtained in the step 2 into a spun-bonded filament area from two sides of a side blowing device, and uniformly mixing the short fiber component with the spun-bonded filaments to obtain a mixture;
dropping the mixture onto a negative pressure coagulation net curtain to obtain a formed bi-component fiber net;
and 4, step 4: needle punching consolidation
Carrying out needling consolidation on the formed bicomponent fiber net obtained in the step (3) to obtain a needled bicomponent fiber net;
and 5: water electret
Performing water electret on the needled bi-component fiber web obtained in the step (4), and then drying to obtain a bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product;
and 6: winding, detecting, slitting and packaging
Winding, detecting, cutting and packaging the bi-component filter cotton obtained in the step (5) to obtain a bi-component filter cotton finished product;
in the step 3, the special-shaped section is any one or more than two of a flat shape, a C shape, an L shape, a triangle shape, a trefoil shape, an H shape, a cross shape, a double cross shape and a quincunx shape;
in step 5, the water electret adopts water flow generated by deionized water or generated water vapor, the pressure is 5-120 bar, and the temperature is 20-150 ℃; the water content of the bi-component filter cotton semi-finished product is less than or equal to 0.5wt%.
2. The method for manufacturing bicomponent filter cotton according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the resin particles are any one of polyolefin, polyester, polylactic acid and polyphenylene sulfide; the water content of the mixture is 0.1-0.5 wt%.
3. The method of manufacturing bicomponent filter cotton according to claim 1, wherein the short fiber component in step 2 is any one of acrylonitrile, acrylon, nylon 6, nylon 66, wool, rabbit hair and cellulose fiber, and the fineness is 0.8D-5.0D.
4. The method for preparing bi-component filter cotton according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the ion content of the surface of the clean short fiber is less than or equal to 50 pieces/cm 2 The water content is 1.5wt% -3.0wt%.
5. The method for manufacturing bicomponent filter cotton according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the fineness of the spun-bonded filament is 0.8D-5.0D; the weight ratio of the staple fiber component to the spunbond filaments is (10-90): (10-90).
6. The method for manufacturing bi-component filter cotton according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the density of the needling consolidation is 30 needles/cm 2 -500 needles/cm 2 。
7. The bi-component filter cotton manufactured by the manufacturing method of the bi-component filter cotton according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Use of the bi-component filter cotton manufactured by the method for manufacturing bi-component filter cotton according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in the fields of air conditioner filters, pleating filters, screen screens, clean room filters, personal respiratory protection filters and fan filters.
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