RU2784108C1 - Method for reconstruction of wall panels with tile and protective coating composition for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the construction, namely the reconstruction of wall panels with tiles. The effect is achieved by the fact that the method for reconstructing wall panels with tiles is characterized by the following steps: using a hand-held oscillating tool, the removal of "streaks" of the concrete mixture is carried out with minimal damage to the tiles, without knocking them out of the panel; then a protective coating is applied to the cleaned damaged tiles with a layer of 0.1-0.3 mm with the addition of a dye to its composition, and a composition with a dye of the same colour as the colour of the tile is applied to each tile; after the protective coating has dried, a fixing layer is applied over it with a thin layer of at least 0.1 mm based on the composition used when applying the main protective coating, but without the addition of dyes; moreover, a solution based on an aqueous dispersion of a polymer is used as a protective coating, which is diluted with water before use to the required consistency (from 1:5 to 1:10), where the dilution degree depends on the desired colour or intensity, and the polymer for aqueous dispersion is used Ecolat 1019 polymer or Acronal 567 D polymer with the addition of a solvent, as well as the technical result is achieved by a protective coating composition for the reconstruction of wall panels with tiles, made on the basis of an aqueous dispersion of Ecolat 1019 polymer or Acronal 567 D polymer with the addition of a solvent, where the ratio of polymer to water is from 1:5 to 1:10.

EFFECT: invention provides the possibility of restoration of facades of concrete panels with tiles, which ensures the preservation of the old design of the facade of the building, as well as the restoration process is carried out in a simpler and faster way.

4 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction, namely to the reconstruction of wall panels with tiles.

From the state of the art today

Currently, a big problem in all cities of Russia is the restoration of the integrity and appearance of the facades of buildings finished with small ceramic tiles. The range of problematic buildings includes residential buildings, schools, kindergartens, many industrial buildings (workshops, warehouses, etc.), tiled in the past, and are now in a terrible state. Ceramic tiles have fallen off in large areas of the facades, as a result of which the facades of buildings are heavily polluted and have an unattractive appearance.

Known paints and varnishes produced in our country are not applicable on facades with a heavily contaminated surface of ceramic tiles, as well as with large areas of fallen off tiles.

Conventional repairs with painting facades are complicated by the fact that almost all known paints have poor adhesion to ceramic tiles and simple painting of facades is not possible, but simply does not make sense.

According to the Materials for Restoration "Ready-made solutions and technologies. Materials RUNIT" describes the study of samples of historical materials (see http://old.agiogk.ru/upload/pdf/mat_i_tech_Runit.pdf) restoration of the facade, even in the presence of tiles, is carried out by removing a layer of plaster , including the tile, with its subsequent re-laying on a new plaster layer (layers). At the same time, it is not always possible to save the old tile, since the damaged product (tile) is knocked out of the concrete panel. But even replacing a tile with a similar one and then gluing it entails the risk of the subsequent (after some time) loss of the replaced tiles from the panels mounted on the building.

Thus, these actions are no longer a reconstruction, but are considered repairs, are extremely expensive and do not ensure the preservation of the previous design of the facade.

This problem is solved by the well-known SOFRAMAP technology (see: https://bsk-soframap.ru/informaciya/articles/tehnicheskie_resheniya/vosstanovlenie_fasadov_pokritih_keramicheskoy_plitkoi, published: 10/27/2017.), chosen as a prototype.

The prototype proposes a system of paints and varnishes for the repair, restoration and painting of building facades finished with small ceramic tiles:

- organosoluble primer Galvaplast;

- plaster composition for leveling the bases Tekmaplan (Tekmaplan);

- water-dispersion primer Versafix E (Versafix E) or solvent-based primer Versafix C (Versafix S);

- decorative structural coating Versagel (Versagel) based on acrylate copolymer water dispersion.

The essence of the well-known technology lies in the fact that on the base, trimmed with small ceramic tiles, an organic-soluble primer Galvaplast (Galvaplast) based on modified acrylic resins is applied. Galvaplast provides a level of adhesion to glazed ceramic and glass tiles and ensures the durability of the coating properties, according to tests, for 9-11 years.

The second layer, for sealing defective areas on the facade with chipped ceramic tiles, is recommended to apply Tekmaplan plaster (Tekmaplan) from the SOFRAMAP range of materials. Tekmaplan GM - is a medium-grained composition for leveling bases and can be applied in a layer of 1 to 3 mm. But the layers can be duplicated, applied one after the other, which allows you to create a coating of the desired thickness for a complete leveling of the base. It should only be remembered that each layer must dry completely.

The next layer is the application of a microporous, waterproof primer Versafix E (Versafix E) or its analogue - solvent-based primer Versafix C (Versafix S). Both of them contain coarse filler and are intended as an undercoat for the application of protective decorative thick and semi-thick structural coatings such as Versagel.

The thick tinted Versagel structural coating based on a copolymer acrylate dispersion provides protection and gives a decorative look to building facades, hides the structure and defects of the base, has high strength and durability, allows the surface to “breathe”, and is waterproof for flowing water.

Despite the fact that paintwork materials of the prototype system have been tested and are successfully used for the repair, restoration and painting of facades of kindergartens, schools and other buildings in many regions of Russia, the known technology is too complicated and time consuming.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate these technical problems of the prototype.

The technical result of the invention is the possibility of restoring the facades of concrete panels with tiles, which ensures the preservation of the old design of the facade of the building, and the restoration process is carried out in a simpler and faster way.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed method of reconstruction of wall panels with tiles, characterized by the following steps:

- using a manual oscillating tool, they remove the "streaks" of the concrete mixture with minimal damage to the tiles, without knocking them out of the panel;

- then, a protective coating is applied to the cleaned damaged tiles with a layer of 0.1-0.3 mm with the addition of a dye to its composition, and a composition with a dye of the same color as the color of the tile is applied to each tile;

- after the protective coating has dried, a fixing layer is applied over it with a thin layer of at least 0.1 mm based on the composition used when applying the main protective coating, but without the addition of dyes;

moreover, as a protective coating, a solution based on an aqueous dispersion of a polymer is used, which is diluted with water before use to the required consistency (from 1:5 to 1:10), where the degree of dilution depends on the desired color or intensity.

Preferably, Ecolat 1019 polymer or Acronal 567 D polymer with the addition of a solvent is used as an aqueous dispersion.

Preferably, Bayferrox and Iox iron oxide pigments are used as colorants.

Also claimed is a protective coating composition for the reconstruction of wall panels with tiles, used according to the above method, which is a solution based on an aqueous dispersion of Ecolat 1019 polymer or Acronal 567 D polymer with the addition of a solvent, where the ratio of polymer to water is from 1:5 to 1: ten.

It is acceptable that the composition additionally contains a dye from 1 to 9.2% of the total weight of the composition.

Implementation of the invention

The claimed method is implemented as follows. Panel with tiles to be restored (see figure 1), has clearly defined paint peeling (see examples in figure 2, figure 3 close-up of the same panel as in figure 1, but its individual sections).

The restorer, using a manual oscillating tool (see the example in Fig.4), removes the "streaks" of the concrete mixture with minimal damage to the tiles, without knocking them out of the finished panel.

Then, the restorer applies, for example, by spraying, on the cleaned damaged tiles a specially designed composition according to the claimed invention, which leads to the restoration of the decorative properties of the concrete tiles.

The restorative composition of the composition is applied to the surface with a layer of 0.1-0.3 mm.

Each tile is coated with a dye composition of the same color as the color of the tile (see Fig. 5 - application of the composition with brown dye and Fig. 6 - application of the composition with black dye).

The applied composition, penetrating into the pores of the concrete of the front surface of the tiles, sets and hardens already on the finished product at an ambient temperature of + 20 ° C for 5 minutes.

For additional protection of the restored products, the restorer applies a fixing layer on them with a thin layer of at least 0.1 mm (see the example of applying the fixing layer in Fig. 7) based on the composition used when applying the main protective coating, but without adding dyes to it. When dried, this fixing layer strengthens the surfaces of products treated with a special composition.

Using the new restoration technology, a team of 2-3 people can carry out a full cycle of restoration work while maintaining the old design of the facade of the building in 15-20 minutes, which is quite consistent with the normal turnaround time of wall panel forms and is performed in a simpler and faster way than in the prototype. The restored view of the panel of Fig.1 according to the claimed method can be seen in Fig.8. This panel was restored in 18 minutes. Panels similar to it were restored within the time interval of 15-20 minutes.

The restorative composition of the composition is based on an aqueous dispersion of a polymer, for example Ecolat 1019, or Acronal 567 D polymer, which is diluted with water to the required consistency (from 1:5 to 1:10). The degree of dilution depends on the desired color or intensity.

Also, if necessary, a pigment is added to the finished solution to give the dye the desired color.

The composition is a solution based on an aqueous dispersion of Ecolat 1019 polymer or Acronal 567 D polymer with the addition of a solvent, where the ratio of polymer to water is from 1:5 to 1:10.

The share of the dye is from 1 to 9.2% of the total weight of the composition.

Iron oxide pigments are used as dyes, for example, trademarks Bayferrox (see https://binagroup.ru/katalog/pigmenty_i_napolniteli_dlya_krasok/pigmenty_bayferrox/) and Iox (see.
https://geogips.ru/catalog/pigmenty_neorganicheskie/iox/). Pigments may be different, for example, Lanxess (see https://shop.zikkamitt.ru/index.php?route=product/manufacturer/info&manufacturer_id=29 ) and Omnicon (see https://raspro.ru/omnicon /). The dosage of the pigment in the finished solution depends on the color of the product.

The polymer, as well as dyes, can be replaced with materials of similar properties without losing the quality of the restorative composition - explain which ones can be replaced, indicating examples of the composition based on them. Ecolate 1019 can be replaced by an analogue, for example, Acronal 567 D, or another brand with similar properties: at room temperature, a sticky surface, elastic, glossy, transparent and resistant to water, pH 7.0-9.0, with a particle size 0.1 µm, minimum film formation temperature from 1 to 4°C.

Ecolate 1019 has high elasticity, pH 7.0-9.0, particle size 0.1 µm, minimum film formation temperature 4°C.

Acronal 567 D is highly elastic, pH 7.5-9.0, with a particle size of 0.1 µm, a minimum film formation temperature of 1°C, is a medium viscosity dispersion with a small particle size. It has excellent compatibility with fillers and high pigment absorption. The unpigmented film formed by Acronal 567 D has the following properties: at room temperature tacky, flexible, glossy, transparent and water resistant.

Despite the fact that Acronal 567 D forms a coherent film at temperatures from 1°C and above, nevertheless, unlike Ecolat 1019, it is recommended to add a small amount of solvent to it. In this case, aromatic white spirits (Stoddard's thinner), glycol ethers or LusolvanFBH are suitable.

High boiling hydrophilic solvents such as propylene glycol and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether increase the "open time" of the coating.

Like all fine particle size dispersions, Acronal 567 D tends to foam. Thus, it is necessary to introduce antifoam agents in the amounts recommended by the manufacturers (approx. 0.3-1%). The effectiveness of defoamers must be determined empirically.

Possible options for manufacturing the composition are illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:5

Ecolat 1019 - 20%

Water - 80%

Example 2

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:6

Ecolat 1019 - 16.5%

Pigment BAYFERROX - 1%

Water - the rest

Example 3

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:7

Ecolat 1019 - 14.3%

Water - the rest

Example 4

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:8

Ecolat 1019 - 11.9%

Pigment IOX R-03 - 5%

Water - the rest

Example 5

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:9

Acronal 567 D - 11.9%

Pigment IOX R-03 - 7%

Water - the rest

Example 6

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:10

Acronal 567 D - 9%

Pigment IOX R-03 - 9.2%

Thinner LusolvanFBH - 1%

Water - the rest

Example 7

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:5

Acronal 567D - 19%

Stoddard's solvent - 5%

Water - the rest

Example 8

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:6

Acronal 567D - 16%

Pigment BAYFERROX - 1%

Solvent (glycol ether) - 3%

Water - the rest

Example 9

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:7

Acronal 567D - 14%

Solvent (LusolvanFBH) - 2%

Water - the rest

Example 10

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:8

Acronal 567D - 11.75%

Pigment IOX R-03 - 5%

Stoddard's thinner - 1%

Water - the rest

Example 11

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:9

Acronal 567D - 10.2%

Pigment IOX R-03 - 7%

Solvent (glycol ether) - 1%

Water - the rest

Example 12

The ratio of aqueous polymer dispersion to water is 1:10

Acronal 567 D - 9%

Pigment IOX R-03 - 9.2%

Solvent (LusolvanFBH) - 1%

Water - the rest

Claims (8)

1. Method for the reconstruction of wall panels with tiles, characterized by the following steps: using a manual oscillating tool, they remove the "streaks" of the concrete mixture with minimal damage to the tiles, without knocking them out of the panel; then a protective coating is applied to the cleaned damaged tiles with a layer of 0.1-0.3 mm with the addition of a dye to its composition, and a composition with a dye of the same color as the color of the tile is applied to each tile; after the protective coating has dried, a fixing layer is applied over it with a thin layer of at least 0.1 mm based on the composition used when applying the main protective coating, but without the addition of dyes; moreover, a solution based on an aqueous polymer dispersion is used as a protective coating, which is diluted with water before use to the required consistency from 1:5 to 1:10, where the dilution degree depends on the desired color or intensity, moreover, Ecolat polymer is used as a polymer for aqueous dispersion 1019 or Acronal 567 D resin with solvent added. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that iron oxide pigments of Bayferrox and Iox trademarks are used as dyes. 3. Protective coating composition for the reconstruction of wall panels with tiles, made on the basis of an aqueous dispersion of Ecolat 1019 polymer or Acronal 567 D polymer with the addition of a solvent, where the ratio of polymer to water is from 1:5 to 1:10. 4. The composition according to claim 3, characterized in that it additionally contains a dye from 1 to 9.2% of the total mass of the composition.

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