RU2783757C1 - Method for protecting an aerial vehicle from homing missiles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of military equipment and can be used to protect an aerial vehicle from homing missiles. In the method for protecting an aerial vehicle from homing missiles, a false target consists of metallised balls interconnected consecutively by cable segments; the number of balls, the distance between the balls, and the diameter of each ball are selected so that the false target imitates the radio location signature and radio location linear dimensions of another aerial vehicle.

EFFECT: higher effectiveness of protection of an aerial vehicle due to the imitation of a radio location signature and linear dimensions of another aerial vehicle by the false target.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of military technology and can be used to protect an aircraft from homing missiles.

To protect the aircraft from homing missiles, false targets (traps) are used. To simulate moving objects, decoys are often made in the form of towed vehicles of the simplest design. Towed decoys can be passive or active.

An analogue is known - a method for protecting an aircraft from homing missiles (Radar trap, Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. .

A method for protecting an aircraft from homing missiles consists in retargeting a homing missile at a decoy emitting a signal of a given power generated using internal decoy power devices.

As internal energy decoy devices, either a repeater is used that amplifies and re-radiates the irradiation signal, or a transponder that generates and emits a signal with specified parameters.

The disadvantage of the analogue method is the insufficient effectiveness of the protection of the aircraft due to the lack of imitation of the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another real aircraft (Albuzov A.T., Govorukhin S.A., Koziratsky A.A. Method for evaluating the effectiveness of simulation tools and changing the structure of the image true goals in terms of combat effectiveness. Control, Communications and Security Systems, No. 1 2019). Including the lack of imitation of characteristic bright points of another aircraft and fluctuations of the signal reflected from a false target. The disadvantages of the analogue method are also:

- a false target performs its functions in a given frequency range, when changing which the false target becomes ineffective;

- a false target is a complex radio engineering device that requires an additional power source.

A known method of protecting an aircraft from homing missiles (Nikolsky B.A. Methods and means of radar protection of aircraft Part 2: textbook, Samara State Aerospace University - Samara, 2007), selected for the prototype.

The implementation of the prototype method is as follows.

The protection of the aircraft from homing missiles is carried out by redirecting the homing missile to a decoy, which is placed on the protected aircraft in a special compartment. By the time the most dangerous air defense zones are overcome, the decoy is released with the help of a starting device and towed on a cable at a certain distance from the protected aircraft. The false target has an RCS that exceeds the RCS of the protected aircraft. As a passive decoy, inflatable balloons, corner reflectors, etc., simulating a point target, are used.

The disadvantage of the prototype method is the insufficient effectiveness of the protection of the aircraft due to the lack of imitation of the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another aircraft: the lack of imitation of the characteristic bright points of another aircraft (the lack of correspondence in the location in space of the characteristic bright points of another aircraft and the lack of compliance with the EPR of the characteristic bright points another aircraft), and also the absence of fluctuations in the signal reflected from the false target.

The absence of a false target imitation of the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another real aircraft leads to the possibility of selecting a false target by the target recognition system of the missile's homing head and to redirecting the missile to the protected aircraft.

The task to be solved by the proposed technical solution is to simulate a false target of the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another aircraft with an RCS that exceeds the RCS of the protected aircraft.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of aircraft protection by simulating a false target of the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another aircraft having an RCS that exceeds the RCS of the protected aircraft.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of protecting the aircraft from homing missiles, by redirecting the homing missile to a decoy, which is placed on the aircraft, released from the aircraft and towed on a cable behind the aircraft, and the decoy has an effective reflective surface exceeding effective reflective surface of the protected aircraft, characterized in that metallized balls are used as a decoy, connected to each other in series by cable segments, while the number of balls, the diameter of each of the balls, which determines the effective scattering surface of the ball, and the distance between the balls are chosen in such a way, so that when towing, their location in space corresponds to the location in space and the effective scattering surface of bright points of another aircraft, simulating its radar signature and radar linear dimensions.

The way to protect the aircraft from homing missiles is as follows.

In the initial position, the false target is located in a special compartment of the protected aircraft.

By the time the most dangerous air defense zones are overcome, the decoy is released with the help of a starting device and towed on a cable at a certain distance from the protected aircraft.

As a decoy, metallized balls are used, interconnected in series with the help of cable segments.

The use of balls is due to the fact that they have a large RCS, determined by the diameter of the ball, and their radar signature does not depend on the angle.

To improve the weight and size characteristics, the balls are made hollow and from lightweight materials.

Any aircraft has its own characteristic radar signature and linear dimensions.

The number of balls, the distance between the balls and the diameter of each of the balls is chosen to mimic the characteristic bright spots of another aircraft.

The location of the balls in space in accordance with the location in space of the bright points of another aircraft and the RCS of the balls, corresponding to the RCS of the characteristic bright points of the other aircraft, imitate the radar signature of another aircraft.

The number of balls, the distance between the balls and the diameter of each of the balls is determined based on the technical characteristics of another aircraft that will simulate a decoy.

The distance from the first ball (closest to the protected aircraft) to the last one (furthest from the protected aircraft) is chosen so as to simulate the radar linear dimensions of another aircraft.

The distance is determined based on the technical characteristics of a specific other aircraft that will simulate a false target.

The radar signal reflected from a decoy consisting of metalized balls connected to each other in series by means of cable segments is fluctuating due to the non-synchronous movement of the metalized balls in space during the movement of the protected aircraft and changes in the propagation conditions of the radar signal over time.

Thus, the number of balls, the distance between the balls and the diameter of each of the balls is chosen so that the false target imitates the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another aircraft.

In table 1, in accordance with the well-known open literature (Moiseev G.V., Moiseev B.C. Fundamentals of the theory of creation and use of imitation unmanned aerial systems: monograph, Kazan, Editorial and Publishing Center, 2013, Vozhdaev V.V., Teperin L.L. Characteristics of the radar visibility of aircraft, Fizmatlit, 2018., Internet Wikipedia, etc.) are the EPR of modern military aircraft.

In the well-known literature (Kobak V.O. Radar reflectors, M., Sov. radio, 1975) it is shown that the EPR of a metallized ball is determined by the formula:

where σ _w - EPR of a metallized ball,

a is the diameter of the metallized sphere.

Table 2 shows the results of calculations of the EPR of a metallized ball depending on its diameter.

For modern aircraft (SU-57, SU-35S, etc.), a decoy, which is used as metallized balls connected to each other in series using cable segments, and the number of balls, the distance between the balls and the diameter of each of the balls can be selected so that the false target imitates the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another aircraft (for example, MiG-29), which will make it difficult for the false target to be selected by the target recognition system of the missile's homing head and, thereby, increase the effectiveness of the protection of the aircraft.

The use of metallized balls as a decoy, connected to each other in series with the help of cable segments, allows you to get the following advantages compared to the analogue method:

- false target performs its functions in any frequency range;

- false target is not a radio device and does not require an additional power source.

Thus, compared with the prototype method and the analogue method, the present invention allows the false purpose to simulate the radar signature and radar linear dimensions of another aircraft having an RCS greater than the RCS of the protected aircraft, which increases the efficiency of protecting the aircraft from homing missiles.

Claims (1)

A method for protecting an aircraft from homing missiles by redirecting a homing missile to a decoy that is placed on the aircraft, released from the aircraft and towed on a cable behind the aircraft, wherein the decoy has an effective reflective surface exceeding the effective reflective surface of the protected aircraft, characterized the fact that metallized balls are used as a decoy, connected to each other in series by sections of a cable, while the number of balls, the diameter of each of the balls, which determines the effective scattering surface of the ball, and the distance between the balls are chosen in such a way that, during towing, their location in space corresponds to location in space and the effective scattering surface of bright points of another aircraft, simulating its radar signature and radar linear dimensions.