RU2780637C2 - Brake unit of disc brake of railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to brake equipment of railway vehicles, in particular to disc brakes. A brake unit of a disc brake of a railway vehicle contains a case, in which compressed air pressure acting on a piston of a brake cylinder, through a gap autoregulator and levers, is transmitted to brake pads. In this case, the gap autoregulator contains a screw couple screw-nut, which allows for the autoregulator not to change its length in case of supply of compressed air to the brake cylinder, when the gap between the brake pad and the brake disc does not exceed the set value, the screw couple screw-nut is made with two-way thread, and thread of the screw couple screw-nut is made self-braking.

EFFECT: increase in the resource of a screw couple screw-nut of a gap autoregulator, and provision of regulation of a gap between friction pads and a brake disc for one braking cycle.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention relates to the braking equipment of railway vehicles, in particular to disc brakes.

State of the art

Known disc brake vehicle rolling stock railways [RU 2390449 C2], which consists of a housing, a brake cylinder with a built-in auto-adjuster gap, the levers of the caliper mechanism, rods, shoes, leaf springs, friction linings and brake disc.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- a complex design with a large number of springs and sliding joints, not protected from dust, dirt and moisture;

- low reliability due to changes in spring parameters during operation;

- the thread pitch of the screw pair screw-nut of the built-in automatic gap adjuster does not allow to compensate for the gap between the friction linings and the brake disc in one braking cycle;

- wear of the thread of the screw pair screw-nut of the built-in auto-adjuster of the gap under axial loads that occur during braking.

Closest to the invention in terms of technical essence is a clamping device for a disk brake of a railway vehicle [RU 108384 U1] consisting of a body, a brake cylinder, an automatic gap adjuster, H-shaped levers of a tong mechanism, tongs of a parallelogram tong mechanism and brake shoes.

The disadvantages of this device are:

- the thread pitch of the screw pair screw-nut of the gap auto-adjuster does not allow to compensate for the gap between the friction linings and the brake disc in one braking cycle;

- wear of the thread of the screw pair screw-nut of the gap auto-adjuster under axial loads that occur during braking.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The tasks to be solved by the invention are to increase the resource of the screw-nut screw pair of the gap auto-adjuster and to ensure the adjustment of the gap between the brake pads and the brake disc in one braking cycle.

The tasks are solved due to the fact that in the design of the brake unit of the disc brake of a railway vehicle, containing a body, a brake cylinder, an auto-adjuster of the gap, levers and brake shoes, according to a new technical solution, the auto-adjuster of the gap contains a screw pair screw-nut with a two-start self-braking thread, which allows you to adjust the gap between the brake pads and the brake disc in one braking cycle, due to the large pitch of the two-start thread, as well as increase the resource of the screw pair due to the distribution of axial loads between two threads of the two-start thread.

Description of drawings

The essence of the group of inventions is illustrated by figures:

fig. 1, fig. 2 - brake block of a disk brake of a railway vehicle;

fig. 3, fig. 4 - gap auto-adjuster.

Implementation of the invention

The brake block of a disk brake of a railway vehicle contains: a body 1, a brake cylinder 2, a piston 3, a rod 4 with a roller 5, a eccentric shaft driver 6, levers 7 with brake shoes 8, a cam 9 mounted on a lever 10, an intermediate lever 11, a cable 12 and automatic gap adjuster 13.

The gap auto-adjuster 13 contains: a screw 14 with a ring gear 15, a nut 16, a carrier 17 with a pawl 18, a return spring 19 and a stop 20. The thread of the screw 14 and the nut 16 is made of two-start self-braking. Nut 16 is fixed from rotation.

The ends of the cable 12 are pivotally connected to the intermediate lever 11 on one side and the carrier 17 on the other.

The principle of operation of the brake unit of the disk brake of a railway vehicle is as follows: when compressed air is supplied to the brake cylinder 2, the piston 3 with the rod 4 and the roller 5 moves the eccentric shaft driver 6, brings together the levers 7 and presses the brake pads 8 to the brake disc. When the pressure in the brake cylinder 2 is relieved, the spring built into it returns the brake unit of the railway vehicle disc brake to its original state.

The gap auto-adjuster 13, when compressed air is supplied to the brake cylinder 2, in the case when the gap between the brake shoe and the brake disc does not exceed the value set during installation or maintenance, due to the use of screw 14 and nut 16 with a two-start self-braking thread, it works as a rigid thrust. When the brake pads 8 are worn, the gap between them and the brake disc increases, respectively, the free play of the levers 7, the driver 6 of the eccentric shaft and the rod 4 with the roller 5 increases. The free play of the rod 4 will increase until the rod 4 with the drive roller 5 moves the cam 9 mounted on the lever 10 and the intermediate lever 11 will pull the end of the cable 12, the other end of which, overcoming the force of the return spring 19, will turn the carrier 17 with the pawl 18, the pawl 18 will disengage with the stop 20 and move along the teeth of the ring gear 15. Automatic gap adjuster 13 is in the raised state. After the pressure in the brake cylinder 2 is relieved, the carrier 17 with the pawl 18, under the action of the return spring 19, returns to its original position, and the pawl 18 engages with the ring gear 15, drives the ring gear 15 and the screw 14, as a result of which the gap auto-adjuster 13 will increase its length, separate the ends of the levers 7 fixed on it, the opposite ends of the levers 7 with the brake shoes 8 will converge, the gap between the brake shoes 8 and the brake disc will decrease. In the initial position, the pawl 18 is fixed motionless by the stop 20.

A technical solution associated with the use of an auto-adjuster of the gap containing a screw pair screw-nut with a two-start self-braking thread, which allows you to adjust the gap between the brake pads and the brake disc in one braking cycle, due to the large pitch of the two-start thread, as well as increase the resource of the screw pair due to the distribution of axial loads between two threads of a two-start thread.

Claims (2)

1. The brake block of a disk brake of a railway vehicle, containing a housing in which the pressure of compressed air, acting on the piston of the brake cylinder, is transmitted through the auto-adjuster of the gap and the levers to the brake shoes, and the auto-adjuster of the gap contains a screw pair screw-nut, which allows the auto-adjuster not to change of its length in the case of supplying compressed air to the brake cylinder, when the gap between the brake shoe and the brake disc does not exceed the set value, characterized in that the screw-nut screw pair is made with a two-start thread. 2. The brake block of the disc brake of a railway vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread of the screw-nut pair is made self-braking.

Images