RU2780519C1 - Aviation radio-acoustic buoy-glider - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: aviation radio-acoustic buoy-glider contains a body, a stabilizer, a parachute, a battery, a control unit, a clock mechanism, a memory device, a splashdown sensor, a float with an antenna, a transmitter, an auto-release mechanism, a cable-rope, an acoustic system with hydrophones and/or emitters, a fastening device to the aircraft, a folding main wing, elevators and rudders with mechanisms for their layout and rotation, a non-return valve, an altimeter, an onboard control system with a data input device and information exchange with the aircraft and with a satellite navigation system receiver.

EFFECT: increased security of the enemy submarine search.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means of underwater observation.

As a prototype of the invention, a radio-acoustic buoy (RGAB) was adopted. It is a radio engineering device placed at sea by ships or dropped from aircraft, and is designed to receive data on the underwater situation by acoustic methods with their subsequent transmission via radio to an aircraft, ship or coastal post. RSAB is used to search for submarines (submarines), determine their coordinates and movement parameters, as well as to obtain data on the spectrum, intensity of underwater noise and acoustic fields of ships, ships and other objects. RGAB are classified by carriers (aviation and ship), by the method of holding the place (anchor and floating), by the frequencies used (sound range and low-frequency), by the mode of operation (passive, active and passive-active, omnidirectional and directional), by the method of transmission information (continuous and on demand). The most widely used passive, active, non-directional and directional RSLA. Structurally, they consist of a housing with electronic units, an information transmitter, power supplies and supporting devices, as well as a hydrophone (acoustic system) buried on a cable. RGABs are usually equipped with braking devices to reduce the rate of descent, which are separated after splashdown. Passive non-directional RGABs make it possible to determine the presence of noise (their spectral composition and intensity) and to detect the presence of submarines. These RGABs are used autonomously or in conjunction with explosive sound sources dropped from an aircraft. Passive directional RGABs determine the bearing to the noise source. Active non-directional RGABs determine the distance to the submarine by an echo signal (its place is determined by processing data from several RGABs, and the speed is determined by the Doppler frequency shift); active directional RGAB give bearing and range to the object; passive-active directional RGABs operate in two modes. The information received by the RSSL can be pre-processed directly on the buoy, and finally on the aircraft (ship) by the operator and the onboard computer. The detection range of submarines with the help of RGAB reaches 10-12 km or more, the range of receiving information via a radio channel is 60-80 km [1].

The device of a sonobuoy, as well as a reactive sonobuoy [2], includes a body, a stabilizer, a parachute, a battery, a control unit, a clockwork, a memory device, a splashdown sensor, a gas generator, a float with an antenna, a transmitter, an automatic release mechanism, a cable-rope, an acoustic system with hydrophones and/or emitters.

RGAB use aircraft - airplanes and helicopters, dropping them at calculated points to search for enemy submarines and track them.

Modern submarines are equipped with anti-aircraft missiles to protect against enemy aircraft. As a result, the aircraft, when dropping the RSAB, can approach the submarine within the range of its anti-aircraft missile system and be shot down [3]. Thus, the use of RGAB is not safe for an aircraft, since it can be shot down by a submarine's anti-aircraft missile. This is its essential shortcoming.

The aim of the invention is to develop an aviation sonar buoy that allows an aircraft to use it to search for and track an enemy submarine without exposing itself to the danger of being shot down by its anti-aircraft weapons.

The aims and objectives of the invention are achieved due to the fact that an aircraft radio-acoustic buoy-glider is proposed, having a body, a stabilizer, a parachute, a battery, a control unit, a clock mechanism, a memory device, a splashdown sensor, a float with an antenna, a transmitter, an automatic release mechanism, a cable-rope, acoustic system with hydrophones and/or emitters.

Additionally, it is equipped with a device for attaching to an aircraft, a folding main wing, elevators and rudders with mechanisms for their deployment and rotation, a non-return valve, an altimeter, an on-board control system with a data input device and information exchange with the aircraft and with a satellite navigation system receiver.

The fastening device ensures the holding by the aircraft of the aircraft sonobuoy-glider and its separation (dumping).

The folding main wing, elevators and rudders with their folding and turning mechanisms allow the aircraft radio-acoustic buoy-glider to carry out horizontal flight after being dropped from the aircraft and perform maneuvers to move to a given point.

The non-return valve is used to inflate the float of the aircraft radio-acoustic buoy-glider with a counter-flow of air when it is parachuted at the end of the air trajectory [4].

The altimeter is necessary for the glider buoy to control the flight altitude on the trajectory.

The on-board control system provides flight control of the aircraft radio-acoustic buoy-glider on the trajectory, release of the parachute, braking of the buoy-glider and splashing it at a given point. The data input device is necessary for setting the flight program into the onboard control system of the buoy-glider, and the device for exchanging information with the aircraft serves to control the operation of its onboard control system. The receiver of the satellite navigation system is necessary for the glider buoy to receive its geographical coordinates during the flight.

The device of the aviation sonobuoy-glider is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1 and 2). The numbers on them are:

1 - detachable head;

2 - coil with cable and hydrophones;

3 - attachment point of the head part to the body of the buoy-glider and separation from it (auto-release mechanism);

4 - body buoy-glider;

5 - RGAB control unit with a clockwork and a memory device;

6 - on-board control system of the buoy-glider;

7 - radio transceiver;

8 - attachment point of the buoy-glider to the aircraft;

9 - current source;

10 - parachute;

11 - rudders (course) in the folded and unfolded state;

12 - mechanism for laying out and turning the rudders;

13 - float with transceiver antenna RGAB;

14 - non-return valve;

15 - cable-cable connecting the body (4) of the buoy-glider with the float (13) and its transceiver antenna RGAB through a sealed cable-connector (16);

16 - sealed cable-connector;

17 - cable connecting the radio transceiver device (7) with a sealed cable connector (16);

18 - altimeter;

19 - hydrophone;

20 - cable connecting the hydrophones of the underwater surveillance acoustic system with the control unit (5) of the RGAB;

21 - carrier wing in the folded and unfolded state;

22 - the mechanism of layout and rotation of the carrier wing;

23 - elevators in the folded and unfolded state;

24 - mechanism for folding and turning the elevator.

The detachable head part (1) is used to accommodate the coil (2) with the cable (20) and hydrophones (19) of the underwater surveillance acoustic system. It is separated from the buoy-glider body after splashdown by means of the automatic uncoupler mechanism (3) and sinks to the set depth by unwinding the cable (20) from the reel (2) attached to the sealed connector (16) of the glider-buoy body (4).

After separation of the aviation sonobuoy-glider from the aircraft, the layout mechanisms transfer the rudders (11), heights (23) and the main wing (21) to the operating position, and the buoy-glider itself - into the mode of controlled horizontal flight to a given point on the commands of the onboard control systems. To control the flight altitude, the aircraft radio-acoustic buoy-glider is equipped with an altimeter (18) with a barometric or radar operating principle.

The control of an aviation radio-acoustic buoy-glider after separation from the carrier is shown in Fig. 3. The following elements are indicated by numbers:

25 - horizontal flight path of an aviation radio-acoustic buoy-glider;

26 - flight height H _floor of the glider buoy, controlled by an altimeter;

27 - sea surface;

28 - the beginning of the maneuver buoy-glider for splashdown;

29 - transceiver antenna RGAB;

30 - zone of underwater observation of the RGAB;

31 - range of the underwater surveillance acoustic system;

32 - submarine;

33 - signals from the RGAB about the detection of a submarine when it enters the acoustic system coverage area.

At the calculated point (28), the aviation radio-acoustic glider buoy (4) performs a splashdown maneuver, releases the float (13) and the parachute (10), slowing down its movement. The float with the help of a non-return valve (14) is filled with counter-flow air and, after splashing down the buoy-glider, keeps its body at a depth equal to the length of the cable-cable (15).

Under the action of the automatic uncoupler mechanism (3) of the attachment point of the head part to the body of the buoy-glider, it is separated and, having negative buoyancy, sinks to a predetermined depth by unwinding the cable (20) from the coil (2), hydrophones (19) come into working position, and the acoustic system of underwater observation begins its work, examining the underwater region of space (30) with a range (31). With the detection of a submarine (32), information about the detected target is transmitted (33) to the control point through the RGAB transceiver antenna (29). In this case, the aircraft remains outside the zone of its destruction by the anti-aircraft missile system of the submarine.

The technical result of the invention is an aviation radio-acoustic buoy-glider, launched from an aircraft outside the zone of its possible destruction by anti-aircraft weapons of a submarine, delivering an underwater surveillance acoustic system to the area of its intended location to search for a submarine and track it.

Sources of information used in identifying the invention and compiling its description:

1. Sonobuoy. Naval Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Chernavin. M.: Military Publishing House, 1989. 511 p. S. 352.

2. A.V. Novikov and others. The device is a radio-acoustic buoy jet. Patent for invention RU 2400392. Moscow: FIPS, 2010. Bull. No. 27.

3. E.A. Romanova, E.A. Chernyshev, A.D. Romanov. Development of air defense systems for submarines // Modern science-intensive technologies, No. 12, NSTU, 2014. P. 227-231. https://www.top-technologies.ru/ru/article/view?id=34968

4. G.A. Babich et al. A method for increasing the efficiency of targeting an anti-submarine guided gravity projectile at an underwater target and a device for its implementation. Patent for invention RU 2289783. Moscow: FIPS, 2006. Bull. No. 35.

Claims (1)

Aviation radio sonobuoy-glider, having a body, a stabilizer, a parachute, a battery, a control unit, a clockwork, a memory device, a splashdown sensor, a float with an antenna, a transmitter, an auto-release mechanism, a cable-rope, an acoustic system with hydrophones and / or emitters, different the fact that it is additionally equipped with a device for attaching to an aircraft, a folding main wing, elevators and rudders with mechanisms for their layout and rotation, a non-return valve, an altimeter, an on-board control system with a data input device and information exchange with the aircraft and with a satellite navigation system receiver .

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