RU2778898C1 - Combined production of heat and electricity based on an internal combustion engine using wood chips as the initial fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of energy and can be used to obtain electrical and thermal energy in plants by gasification of solid fuel. Installation of combined production of heat and electricity using wood chips, includes wood chips storage 1, fuel bin module 3 with gates and level gauges, gas generator module 6, screw mechanisms 2, 5 for fuel supply, generator gas filtering and cooling module 9, gas piston power plant 10 based on internal combustion engines, a heat recovery system and an automatic control system. Fuel hopper module 3 consists of a receiving hopper 3.1 and a main hopper 3.2, above which are installed slide gates 3.3, 3.4 with an electric drive for metered fuel supply. The gas generator 7 includes a fuel receiver 7.1 with a level gauge 7.3 of the chips and a pyrolysis chamber 7.2, consisting of an outer shell 7.21 and an inner shell 7.22, while a “pipe in pipe” branch pipe 7.27 is connected to the inner shell 7.22 for supplying air to the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 through the outer pipe and outlet pyrolysis gas through the inner tube. The gas filtration and cooling module 9 consists of a 9.1 coarse filter with a 9.3 screw mechanism for unloading ash, a 9.6 gas cooler with 9.8 turbulators, and a 9.13 fine filter with 9.15 bag filters. The 9.6 gas cooler and the 9.13 fine filter are equipped with a cleaning mechanism in the form of rocker arms 9.20, 9.21, driven by a geared motor to move the turbulators 9.8 up and down and compress-expand the bag filters 9.15.

EFFECT: automation of the process of metered loading of fuel, effective purification and cooling of the generator gas and automation of the process of unloading the ash residue while maintaining the tightness of the system.

10 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of energy and can be used to produce electrical and thermal energy at installations by gasifying solid fuel from wood chips to obtain generator gas supplied to a power unit that generates electrical and thermal energy.

A known installation for generating electrical and thermal energy by gasification of solid fuels (RF patent No. 2342542, IPC F01K 25/00, publ. gas and a power unit, characterized in that the generator gas purification module is made in the form of a device for purification from solid contaminants, a heat exchanger for cooling generator gas and removing moisture from it, and a device for fine purification of generator gas, the outlet of which is connected in series and connected by transport systems with an accumulator, the accumulator outlet can be connected to a power unit and to a generator gas surplus utilization unit, and the unit is equipped with an exhaust gas heat recuperator, a mixer and a humidifier, the primary circuit inlet of which is connected to the gas generator gas outlet, the primary circuit outlet a - with a device for cleaning fuel from solid contaminants, the inlet of the recuperator is connected to the outlet of the power unit, and the outlet is connected to the first inlet of the mixer, the second inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the second circuit of the humidifier, and the outlet of the mixer is connected to the inlet of the gas generator.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the generator gas cleaning module is divided into three units connected in series. Resins and ash will settle on the inner walls of the heat exchanger, which will lead to a decrease in the efficiency of gas cooling. Also, the disadvantages include the need for recycled water for the operation of this installation.

A gas-generating power plant is also known (patent for the RF PM No. 137552, IPC C10J 3/20, publ. 01/20/2014), containing a loading chamber connected in series, a gas generator and a swirl trap with an ash container installed underneath, heat exchangers, scrubbers, associated with water treatment units, a fine filter and an industrial engine, characterized in that the unit is equipped with automatic devices for supplying bulk fuel from the loading chamber to the gas generator and unloading waste combustion products from it, the first being a screw conveyor, and the second being made in the form of a rotating metal case of the screw with the possibility of transferring translational motion of the spent combustion products of the gas generator into the ash container, while the unit is equipped with a device for cleaning aspiration gas-air flows from explosive dusts, installed in front of the fine filter and representing a round bag filter, made in the form of all-welded modules - a conical hopper and a cylindrical body, inside which sleeves with a filter cloth are located vertically with the possibility of shaking them using a regeneration system.

However, this unit is not designed to generate electricity and heat from wood chips. In addition, the plant includes scrubbers and a water treatment unit as a coarse filter. Scrubbers spray water inside the filtration chamber using a circulation pump. This complicates the design and requires additional energy consumption for water supply and waste water treatment. Spray nozzles can also become clogged when handling dusty gases.

The closest analogue is a device for producing a combustible gas mixture from carbon-containing raw materials, such as wood or the like (German patent application No. 102013003319, IPC C10J 3/30, publ. 28.08.2014), containing a raw material storage device with gates, a raw material supply unit to the reactor for raw material oxidation, a screw mechanism and a level gauge, a locking device, a reactor oxidation zone and a reduction zone for reducing the intermediate oxidation product, the reactor in the oxidation zone contains at least one oxidizer outlet and a reactor inlet.

The disadvantage of this solution is the low reliability of operation due to the used tip with bearings on the gate control levers on the raw material storage device, which fail during long-term operation. The unit does not have a radiator for cooling an internal combustion engine (ICE), therefore, a consumer of thermal energy is required, without which the mode of generating electric energy is impossible. On the filtration module, shaking cleaning comes from the operation of a vibration motor, and the mechanism for cleaning the internal pipes of the heat exchanger is driven by a second electric motor, which complicates the design of the installation and increases energy costs. It is also possible to note the flanged connection of the ash receiving tank to the ash unloading screw, which reduces convenience and increases the emptying time of the tank.

The technical objective of the proposed technical solution is to create an environmentally friendly gas generator set capable of providing many hours of non-stop operation with metered fuel supply and an efficient generator gas purification system for generating electrical and thermal energy.

EFFECT: automation of the process of metered loading of fuel, effective cleaning and cooling of the generator gas and automation of the process of unloading the ash residue while maintaining the tightness of the system.

The technical problem is solved by a plant for the combined production of heat and electricity based on an internal combustion engine using wood chips as the initial fuel, including a storage of wood chips, a fuel bin module with gates and level gauges, an auger mechanism for supplying fuel to the fuel bin module, a gas generator module containing gas generator and blower unit, screw mechanism for supplying fuel to the gas generator module, generator gas filtration and cooling module, gas piston power plant and automatic control system.

What is new is that the fuel hopper module consists of a receiving hopper and a main hopper, above which are installed electric slide gates for metered fuel supply; the gas generator includes a fuel receiver with a level gauge for chips and a pyrolysis chamber consisting of an outer and an inner shell, while a pipe-in-pipe branch pipe is connected to the inner shell to supply air to the pyrolysis chamber from the blower unit through the outer pipe and remove pyrolysis gas to the filtration module and cooling through the inner pipe; the gas filtration and cooling module consists of a coarse filter with a screw mechanism for unloading ash, a gas cooler with turbulators and a fine filter with bag filters; at the same time, the gas cooler and the fine filter are equipped with a cleaning mechanism in the form of rocker arms, driven by a geared motor to move the turbulators up and down and compress-expand the bag filters.

Also new is that the fuel tank module includes level gauges for measuring the fuel level and transmitting the measured data to the control system.

What is also new is that the gas generator module contains a wood chip level gauge, temperature sensors in the fuel receiver, temperature sensors in the pyrolysis chamber, a gas temperature sensor at the outlet of the pyrolysis chamber, a gas pressure sensor at the inlet and outlet of the pyrolysis chamber.

What is also new is that the outer and inner shells of the pyrolysis chamber have sleeves for installing temperature sensors, the inner shell has holes for air supply to the pyrolysis chamber and the installation of a tubular electric heater - heating element for ignition.

What is also new is that the blower unit consists of a blower, a frequency controller and an air filter at the blower inlet.

What is also new is that the screw mechanism for supplying fuel to the gas generator module and the screw mechanism of the coarse filter are made with a seal to maintain the tightness of the installation.

What is also new is that a gas temperature sensor and a gas pressure sensor are located in the gas filtration and cooling module.

What is also new is that the gas piston power plant module consists of an internal combustion engine with a cooling radiator and an alternating current generator.

What is also new is that it contains a heat recovery system consisting of two circuits for combining heat flows of thermal energy and directing it to the consumer.

The advantages of this solution are installation reliability and reduced energy consumption.

The combined energy production plant is illustrated by the drawings:

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the combined heat and power plant;

In FIG. 2 shows a general block diagram of a combined heat and power plant;

In FIG. 3 shows a general view of the fuel hopper module and screw mechanism;

In FIG. 4 shows a general view of the pyrolysis chamber of the gas generator;

In FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the gas filtration and cooling module.

A combined heat and power plant or a modular cogeneration plant (MCU) consists of modules that are functionally hermetically connected to each other, according to the diagram (Fig. 1). The composition of the MKU:

- Storage 1;

- Screw mechanism 2 for supplying fuel to the bunker;

- Fuel bunker module 3;

- Common frame 4;

- Screw mechanism 5 for supplying fuel to the gas generator;

- Gas generator module 6 with gas generator 7 and blower unit 8;

- Gas filtration and cooling module 9;

- Module gas piston power plant 10;

- Heat recovery system;

- APCS cabinet (not shown in the drawing).

The supplied installation also includes safety valves, shut-off and control valves, instrumentation and sensors, process pipelines and plugs, spare parts and accessories necessary for operation and repair.

The storage 1 is intended for storing prepared wood chips, which are fed by means of a screw mechanism 2 for supplying fuel with an electric drive 2.1 to the fuel hopper module 3. The screw mechanism 2 for supplying fuel to the fuel hopper module 3 is installed on a support that is fixed rigidly to the base, the upper part of the screw is attached to the top of the fuel hopper module 3 (Fig. 1).

The fuel bin module 3 is designed to load wood chips into it and supply the chips as needed by the screw mechanism 5 for supplying fuel to the gas generator module 6.

The fuel hopper module 3 is a rectangular tank with a horizontal flange connector, consisting of two compartments, a receiving hopper 3.1 and a main hopper 3.2. Above the receiving hopper 3.1 and the main hopper 3.2 there are sliding gates 3.3, 3.4 with electric drives, which provide loading of wood chips coming from storage 1. Inspection hatches 3.5, 3.6 are installed on the upper parts of the compartments (Fig. 1, 3).

To control the level of wood chips in each compartment of the fuel bin module 3, flag level gauges 3.7, 3.8 are installed) At the signal of the level gauge 3.7, the sliding gate 3.3 of the receiving hopper 3.1 is opened and closed. At the signal of the level gauge 3.8, the slide gate 3.4 of the main bin 3.2 is opened and closed.

In the main hopper 3.2 there is a pressure sensor 3.9. Also in the module there is a shut-off electrovalve NZ 3.10 (Fig. 2).

The fuel hopper module 3 is mounted on its own four supports fixed rigidly to a common frame 4. Frame 4 is mounted on a monolithic hard floor of the room in which the MCU is operated (Fig. 1).

The screw mechanism 5 provides the supply of wood chips from the bunker to the gas generator module 6 MKU and is a screw 5.1 installed in the pipe 5.2. Along the edges of the auger, bearing supports are installed in the pipe, having oilers for periodic lubrication of the bearings. At the bottom of the pipe there is a flange connector through which the screw shaft passes, driven by a 5.3 gear motor. To exclude leakage of pyrolysis gas through the screw mechanism 5, a screw shaft seal is installed in the place of the flange connector in the lower part of the screw mechanism 5. The screw mechanism 5 is placed under the main bin 3.2 of the module of the fuel bin 3 at an angle of 30 - 45° from the horizontal plane (Fig. 3).

The gas generator module 6 ensures the production of pyrolysis gas from wood chips by heat treatment and is the main one in the cogeneration plant.

The gas generator module 6 consists of a gas generator 7 and a blower unit 8. Also, the gas generator module 6 contains electric shut-off valves NO 6.1, 6.2, a shut-off ball valve 6.3, a temperature sensor in the fuel receiver 6.4, temperature sensors in the pyrolysis chamber 6.5 - 6.11, a gas temperature sensor on exit from the pyrolysis chamber 6.12, gas pressure sensor at the inlet 6.13 and at the outlet of the pyrolysis chamber 6.14 (Fig. 2).

The gas generator 7 contains a fuel receiver 7.1 and a pyrolysis chamber 7.2.

The fuel receiver 7.1 is located at the top of the gas generator. Inside the fuel receiver 7.1, a woodchip level gauge 7.3 with an electric drive 7.4 is installed. For access to the mechanism of the level gauge of chips during maintenance, as well as loading coal at the first start, a horizontal hatch 7.5 is located on top of the fuel receiver 7.1. The horizontal design of the hatch ensures the safe operation of the device (Fig. 1, 2).

The design of the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 consists of two vertical cylindrical shells 7.21, 7.22, located concentrically with respect to a common vertical axis, bounded from above and below by power flanges 7.23, 7.24, welded to the shells without gaps. The fastening part of the flanges extends beyond the outer diameter of the outer shell 7.22. During assembly, the bottom of the gas generator is attached to the lower flange 7.24, and the body of the fuel receiver 7.1 is attached to the upper flange 7.23 (Fig. 4).

In the middle between the upper seating belt of the diaphragm and the plane of the upper flange 7.23, the inner and outer shells 7.21, 7.22 have seven evenly spaced sleeves 7.25, into which temperature sensors 6.5 - 6.11 are inserted, having an exit beyond the outer shell 7.22. At the same level, seven evenly spaced holes are made on the inner shell 7.21, in which seven nozzles are installed without gaps, on threaded connections, having an exit beyond the outer shell 7.22 in the form of couplings 7.26 for supplying air to the pyrolysis chamber 7.2, one of the nozzles is designed for installation of electric heater 7.6 for ignition. In the lower part of the shell 7.22, a branch pipe 7.27 is welded, containing an inner pipe 7.28. Through the branch pipe 7.27, which is an external pipe, air is supplied to the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 from the blower unit 8 (Fig. 4). The pyrolysis gas is removed through the inner pipe to the filtering and cooling module 9. In the lower part of the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 there is an ash collector 7.7 with a hatch 7.8 for maintenance, and knives and cutters with an electric drive 7.9 are installed for grinding coal (Fig. 2). Pyrolysis chamber 7.2 is made of heat-resistant stainless steel. The temperature in the coal combustion zone ranges from 1000 to 1200°C.

The blower unit 8 consists of a blower 8.1, a frequency controller 8.2 and an air filter 8.3 at the inlet to the blower 8.1 (Fig. 2).

The gas generator module 6 and the blower unit 8 are installed on their own supports, which are rigidly fixed to the common frame 4 and are tied with pipelines and pipeline fittings (Fig. 1).

The gas filtration and cooling module 9 consists of three cylindrical shells installed vertically and interconnected by power flanges (Fig. 5). The fastening part of the flanges extends beyond the outer diameter of the shells. Module parts are made of heat-resistant stainless steel.

The filtration and cooling module 9 consists of three sections:

1. The lower section is a coarse filter 9.1 and is made in the form of a vertical cylindrical shell 9.2 with a beveled bottom and a branch pipe 9.26 through which gas enters. In the lower part of the section there is a screw mechanism 9.3 with an electric drive 9.4 at an angle of 30 ÷ 45° from the horizontal plane, which ensures the unloading of ash into an external container 9.5. To prevent leakage of pyrolysis gas through the 9.3 screw mechanism, a screw shaft seal is installed in the place of the flange connector in the lower part of the 9.3 screw mechanism.

2. The middle section is a gas cooler 9.6, made in the form of a sealed welded cylindrical shell 9.7. Inside the shell 9.7, four turbulators 9.8 are installed in the form of pipes with spirals, through which the gas, after swirling and filtering, flows from the lower part of the middle section to the middle section. Turbulators 9.8 are connected to the lower grate 9.9 and the upper grate 9.10. On the lower 9.9 and upper grate 9.10 there are inlet and outlet pipes 9.11, 9.12 for supplying and discharging cooling water, respectively.

3. The upper section is a fine filter 9.13, made in the form of a vertical cylindrical shell 9.14 with four bag filters 9.15 inside. The lower part of the bag filters 9.15 is fixed to the lower part of the shell 9.14. In the upper part of the section there are two gas outlet pipes 9.16, 9.17.

In the middle and upper sections there is a mechanism for cleaning the inner pipes and shaking the bag filters with drives 9.18, 9.19 and a geared motor. The mechanism consists of two pairs of rocker arms, lower and upper 9.20, 9.21, reciprocating. The lower rocker arms 9.20 control the up and down movement of the turbulators 9.8. Upper rocker arms 9.21 control the compression and expansion of bag filters 9.15.

The module contains a gas temperature sensor 9.22 and a gas pressure sensor 9.23. The gas filtration and cooling module 9 is installed on built-in supports fixed rigidly to the common frame 4 and tied with pipelines and pipeline fittings. The gas filtration and cooling module 9 is connected by a pipeline with a pyrolysis gas cooler 9.24. A temperature sensor 9.25 is located at the output of module 9.

The gas piston power plant module 10 is an internal combustion engine 10.1 with an internal combustion engine cooling radiator 10.2 connected by a clutch to an alternator. The internal combustion engine and the current generator are mounted on a single frame. The engine turns the generator. The generator generates electricity for the consumer.

The power plant is also equipped with a mixing unit, ball valves with an electric drive 10.3, 10.4, an additional fuel air filter 10.5, an emergency gas filter 10.6 and a pressure sensor 10.7 (Fig. 2). The gas piston power plant module 10 is connected by a pipeline to an exhaust gas heat exchanger 10.8.

The module of the gas-piston power plant 10 is made in a closed noise-absorbing metal case with its own supports, which are fixed rigidly to the concrete base, and are tied with pipelines and pipeline fittings for the supply of generator gas.

To prevent an emergency during the operation of the MCU, diaphragm safety valves with a diaphragm rupture actuation pressure of 15 kPa are installed on the top of the fuel hopper 3 and the fuel receiver housing 7.1. Emergency discharge of gas is performed automatically on the candle when the concentration of the explosive mixture reaches 20% of the lower concentration limit of ignition (LEL), at 40% of the LEL, an emergency shutdown of the unit is carried out, or manually from the local control panel located in the APCS cabinet.

The heat recovery system (HRS) is a solution that includes various mechanisms and units that make it possible to efficiently use the heat generated by the generator (ICE cooling system, flue gas heat, heat from pyrolysis gas cooling), combine heat flows of thermal energy and direct it consumer.

Structurally, the SUT consists of two circuits. The gas cooler 9.24, the gas cooler 9.6 of the filtration and cooling module 9, the exhaust gas heat exchanger 10.8, the electric pump 10.9, the first consumer heat exchanger 11 and the fan heater 12 form the first circuit. The internal combustion engine cooling radiator 10.2 and the second heat exchanger of the consumer 13 constitute the second circuit of the SUT (Fig. 2).

The automatic control system (ACS) of the MKU is located in the APCS cabinet, provided with an additional ventilation and lighting system. Inside the APCS cabinet there is equipment that provides power and protection for MKU electric drives.

Installation for obtaining thermal and electrical energy operates as follows (Fig. 2).

Storage 1 is loaded with prepared wood chips up to the top of the wall. On the gas generator, hatch 7.5 is opened and the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 is filled up to the top with prepared coal, which ensures the process of starting combustion in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2. The operation of backfilling coal is carried out only at the first start-up of the installation. During subsequent launches of the MCU, the coal is already in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 from the previous operation of the MCU.

Include ACS and low-voltage complete device MKU.

The tightness of the MKU modules is carried out except for the module of the gas piston power plant 10: the shut-off electrovalve 6.2 is closed for purge, the shut-off electrovalve 6.1 is opened from the ACS control panel and the blower 8.1 is switched on; pressurize the internal cavities of the MKU to an overpressure of 0.10 kgf/cm ² . Then turn off the blower 8.1 and close the shut-off solenoid valve 6.1. All pressurized modules are kept under this pressure for one hour. If the pressure on sensor 6.13 does not drop, then the entire system is considered tight. If the pressure decreases from the originally set one, the tightness of all joints of the checked devices and their pipelines is checked by soaping.

Includes drives of the level gauge 7.3 and level gauges 3.7, 3.8. The drive 2.1 of the screw mechanism 2 is turned on and the chips are loaded into the receiving hopper 3.1. The drive 2.1 is turned off by the signal from the level gauge 3.7. The level gauge drive 3.7 is turned on to close the sliding gate 3.3. These operations are repeated until the main bunker 3.2 is filled with wood chips according to the signal from the level gauge 3.8.

The screw drive 5.1 of the screw mechanism 5 is turned on and the chips are loaded into the fuel receiver 7.1. Turn off the drive 5.1 on the signal of the level gauge 7.3. Valve 6.2 is opened to release gas to the candle and shut-off valve 6.1. Include blower 8.1, providing pressurization of the pyrolysis chamber 7.2.

Voltage is applied to the ceramic heating element 7.6 and wood chips are ignited in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2. If the process of pyrolysis of chips in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2) has started, then the pressure sensor 6.14 in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 will begin to show a pressure rise of up to 0.05 kgf / cm ² . At the same time, the ceramic heating element 7.6 switches off automatically. Pyrolysis gas through valve 6.2 goes to the candle.

The hot gas after the gas generator enters tangentially through the pipeline to the upper part of the lower section of the filtration and cooling module 9, where the flow is swirled and, due to centrifugal forces, part of the impurities contained in the gas is filtered out and collected in the lower part. The ash is discharged into an external container 9.5 by a screw mechanism 9.3. Further, the cooled gas is supplied to the 9.8 turbulators, through which the gas, after swirling and filtering, flows from the lower part of the middle section to the middle section, and then to the upper section of the filtration and cooling module 9. Dust particles contained in the pyrolysis gas, passing through the sleeves, settle on the internal walls of the filters, then the gas from the upper section enters through the gas outlet pipeline 9.16 into the internal combustion engine 10.1.

The mechanism for cleaning the internal pipes of the heat exchanger and shaking the bag filters works as follows. When the motor-reducer is turned on, reciprocating movements of the rocker arms 9.20, 9.21 are performed. The lower rocker arms 9.20 in the middle section rotate the axis on which the turbulators 9.8 are suspended. Due to the rotation of the axis, the rocker arms 9.20 are released in pairs and the turbulators 9.8 are raised. When moving up / down, all plaque is scraped off the inner walls. Upper rocker arms 9.21 in the upper section rotate an axle on which four bag filters 9.15 are suspended. Due to the rotation of the axis, the rocker arms 9.21 in pairs compress and unclench the sleeves.

The gas obtained as a result of the pyrolysis decomposition of wood chips is sent to the gas piston power plant module 10, where it is burned and thermal energy is released. To do this, start the internal combustion engine 10.1 of the module of the gas-piston power plant 10 by opening the ball valve 10.3 and closing the shut-off solenoid valve 6.2. Pyrolysis gas begins to enter the internal combustion engine 10.1. Start the generator. When rotating, the generator begins to produce electricity for the consumer.

The coolant passes through the pump 10.9 and enters the gas cooler 9.24, where it cools the gas from 100°C to 60°C. After that, the coolant enters the gas cooler 9.6 of the filtration and cooling module 9, where it cools the gas from 450°C to 100°C. Next, the coolant is sent to the exhaust gas heat exchanger 10.8, where the exhaust gases are cooled from 450°C to 150°C. After that, the coolant enters the first heat exchanger of the consumer 11, where it gives off heat and goes to the next circle of circulation. In the absence of an external consumer of thermal energy, the heat removal line from the exhaust gas heat exchanger 10.8 is blocked and the remaining heat is removed using a fan heater 12.

In the second circuit of the SUT, heated as a result of engine cooling, the antifreeze is sent to the first thermostat 14, where it is sent to a small circulation circuit, provided that the temperature of the coolant is less than 87°C. Next, the coolant enters the second thermostat 15, where it passes through it and enters the pump, provided that the coolant has a temperature below 70°C. If the coolant temperature is more than 87°C, then the coolant begins to circulate in a large circle, where it gives off heat to the environment through the cooling radiator 10.2. In the case when the temperature of the heat carrier is in the range from 70°C to 87°C, circulation takes place in a small circle through the second heat exchanger of the consumer 13, where the heat is given off to the external consumer. In the absence of an external consumer of thermal energy, heat is removed from the system through a cooling radiator 10.2.

ACS MKU controls the installation as follows. At the signal of the level gauge 7.3, the ACS MKU turns on the drive of the screw mechanism 5 and replenishes wood chips in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 as it is consumed, and will also periodically, with an interval of 30 minutes from the moment of launch, turn on for 10 seconds. Electric drive 7.9 of knives and cutters for mixing and grinding coal in order to free the grate passages for air to enter, which ensures the process of burning coal and decomposition of wood chips with the release of pyrolysis gas. The power generation cycle ends when the wood chips and the combustion process in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 are finished.

With a decrease in pressure in the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 to 0.01 kgf / cm², on testimony pressure sensor 6.14 turn off the blower 8.1 and close the shut-off valve 6.1, allow the body of the pyrolysis chamber 7.2 to cool. Close valves 3.10, 10.3 and open valve 6.2. The MKU installation is purged with air for 15 minutes by opening the ball valve 6.3 and turning on the blower 8.1. Then turn off the blower 8.1, shut-off valves 6.1, 6.2 and ball valves 6.3, 10.3 are closed.

The proposed gas generating plant is environmentally safe, capable of providing many hours of non-stop operation with metered fuel supply and an efficient generator gas purification system for generating electrical and thermal energy.

Claims (10)

1. Installation of combined heat and power generation based on an internal combustion engine using wood chips as the initial fuel, including a storage of wood chips, a fuel bin module with gates and level gauges, a screw mechanism for supplying fuel to the fuel bin module, a gas generator module containing a gas generator and a blower unit, a screw mechanism for supplying fuel to the gas generator module, a module for filtering and cooling the generator gas, a gas piston power plant and an automatic control system, characterized in that the fuel hopper module consists of a receiving hopper and a main hopper, above which are installed electric slide gates for dosing fuel supply; the gas generator includes a fuel receiver with a level gauge for chips and a pyrolysis chamber consisting of an outer and an inner shell, while a pipe-in-pipe branch pipe is connected to the inner shell to supply air to the pyrolysis chamber from the blower unit through the outer pipe and remove pyrolysis gas to the filtration module and cooling through the inner pipe; the gas filtration and cooling module consists of a coarse filter with a screw mechanism for unloading ash, a gas cooler with turbulators and a fine filter with bag filters; at the same time, the gas cooler and the fine filter are equipped with a cleaning mechanism in the form of rocker arms, driven by a geared motor to move the turbulators up and down and compress-expand the bag filters. 2. Combined heat and power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel silo module includes level gauges for measuring the fuel level and transmitting the measured data to the control system. 3. Installation of combined heat and power production according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas generator module contains a level gauge for wood chips, temperature sensors in the fuel receiver, temperature sensors in the pyrolysis chamber, a gas temperature sensor at the outlet of the pyrolysis chamber, a gas pressure sensor at inlet and outlet of the pyrolysis chamber. 4. Installation of combined production of heat and electricity according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer and inner shells of the pyrolysis chamber have sleeves for installing temperature sensors, the inner shell has holes for air supply to the pyrolysis chamber and installation of a tubular electric heater - heating element for ignition. 5. Installation of combined heat and power production according to claim 1, characterized in that the blower unit consists of a blower, a frequency controller and an air filter at the blower inlet. 6. Installation of combined heat and power production according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw mechanism for supplying fuel to the gas generator module and the screw mechanism of the coarse filter are made with a seal to maintain the tightness of the installation. 7. Installation of combined heat and power production according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas filtration and cooling module contains a gas temperature sensor and a gas pressure sensor. 8. Combined heat and power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the module of the gas piston power plant consists of an internal combustion engine with a cooling radiator and an alternator. 9. Combined heat and power plant according to claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the module of the gas piston power plant consists of an internal combustion engine with a cooling radiator and an alternator. 10. Installation of combined production of heat and electricity according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that it contains a heat recovery system consisting of two circuits for combining heat flows of thermal energy and sending it to the consumer.

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