RU2777146C1 - Immobilizer with secret mechanism and methods for its work - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: immobilizers.

SUBSTANCE: immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism, configured to generate control signals of the security complex, contains a code key that acts on the secrecy mechanism, and a processor module with a processor unit associated with the security complex. A movable element is connected to the secrecy mechanism and is configured to interact with a position sensor connected to the processor unit in the processor module, which is connected to the security complex by a coded signal exchange protocol. Methods for the operation of the immobilizer are also proposed.

EFFECT: increased reliability, safety, increased security of the blocking device.

15 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to control devices for security systems, in particular, to the equipment of vehicles (TC), preventing their unauthorized use or theft, and can be used as an immobilizer that controls the security alarm system of the vehicle, and / or controls the anti-theft complexes of the vehicle with blocking electrical circuits , moving parts and mechanisms of the vehicle, for example, a hood lock, gearbox, steering shaft, etc. and in other security complexes, for example, in the access control system to protected premises, buildings or territory.

The secrecy mechanism, consisting of a key with a mechanical code and a corresponding response mechanism, for example, a key rotary cylinder, is most often used in mechanical anti-theft devices of the vehicle. In particular, the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2651381 (published on April 19, 2018) describes a device for blocking the movement of a moving vehicle unit by fixing a regular lock, in particular, the vehicle hood, when the key is turned in the key rotary cylinder of the security mechanism, which is part of the locking device . In another case, in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2734149 (published on October 13, 2020), a steering shaft lock with a secrecy mechanism is described. The key rotary cylinder of the secrecy mechanism is made to interact with the flexible rod by means of the mechanism for converting the rotational movement of the key cylinder into the reciprocating motion of the flexible rod. In this case, the conversion mechanism can be made of a crank, bayonet or other. In addition, the key cylinder can be made to interact with the flexible rod by means of a controlled electric drive.

The described mechanical anti-theft devices of the vehicle have high reliability, but the number of simultaneously blocked mechanisms is limited. In addition, the mechanical secrecy mechanism is the only and non-alternative control device in them.

A device is known for locking car doors, blocking the ignition system and blocking the fuel system of a car, described in the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 81463 (publ.

The device contains a magnetic key with a unique code and a reader that can be installed anywhere in the car, known only to the owner. The owner, knowing the location of the reader, brings the key there, which entails opening the doors and unlocking the main vehicle systems (ignition system, fuel system, etc.). When the key is first brought to the location of the reader, the locks are opened and the ignition and fuel systems of the car are unlocked; when the key is brought again, the doors are closed and the car's "secrets" are blocked. The key is brought to the reader, the reader transmits a signal to the control unit. The control unit consists of a controller and a switching board. The controller determines the key code and, if it matches the code stored in the controller, sends a signal to the switching board. The switching board controls the locks of at least one car door and the activation of the ignition circuit and the fuel system of the car. If necessary, the gearbox, steering wheel, clutch or gas pedal can be blocked (in these cases, the switching board can give the required number of controlled signals). The signals can be paralleled with each other, for example, if necessary, close the hood, it can be paralleled with the passenger door.

When the power to the entire system is turned off, for example, when trying to disconnect the battery, the door locks remain in the position in which the power was turned off, and the power system and the ignition system are opened. When connecting power to the system after shutdown, the key must be used for the normal operation of the security device. The system cannot be activated without the key.

In the event of a malfunction in the electrical circuit, for example, a short circuit, the ignition system and the power supply system are blocked, and the doors go into the "open" mode.

The described device can control the blocking of several units and systems of the car, however, in the event of a malfunction in the electrical circuit, for example, a short circuit, the ignition system and the power system are blocked, and the doors go into open mode. After the problem is eliminated and the power system is restored, it is possible to supply power to the relay coil of the switching unit bypassing the magnetic induction key reader.

The technical problem of the considered design is the insufficient security of the blocking device.

The closest to the claimed methods of immobilizer operation is the technical solution described in the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 115735 (published on May 10, 2012).

The immobilizer is designed to prevent unauthorized starting of the vehicle engine by breaking (blocking) the electrical circuits responsible for the operation of the engine. To block the engine, a power relay built into the processor unit housing is used. Deactivation occurs after entering a personal code on the key fob and transferring it to the processing unit. The immobilizer has a function of arming/disarming notification by sending a signal to external lighting devices (turn signals/side lights).

The immobilizer enters the armed (activation) mode automatically 30 seconds after the ignition is turned off, while the delay time can be changed in the range of 30-300 seconds in the programming mode. The inclusion of the security mode is confirmed by a single blinking of the turn signals. To disable the security mode (deactivation), the key fob recognition button is briefly pressed on the key fob, then a personal four-digit code is entered on the key fob, which is transmitted via radio to the processing unit, where the entered code is compared with the stored one and, if it matches, the immobilizer is deactivated, otherwise the immobilizer remains activated.

In case of loss of the key fob, the processor unit is additionally configured for emergency disarming using standard vehicle switches, for example, by turning the key in the ignition and/or switching the windshield wipers and/or lights. To do this, it is necessary that the immobilizer is in the “protection” mode and the ignition is turned off for more than 10 seconds. Digits are entered by turning on/off, for example, the ignition, and to enter the number "1" you need to turn the ignition on and off 1 time, to enter the next digit of the code, you need to pause for 2-3 seconds and enter the next digit with the corresponding number of on / off, etc. d. before entering a four-digit code. In case of four incorrect attempts to enter the personal code, the system will be blocked for several minutes.

To change the personal code, it is necessary to disable the security mode with the current code, enter the master code, and then enter the new personal code twice. In the event of a power failure, the immobilizer restores its last state immediately after power is applied. It is also possible to disable the immobilizer in case the vehicle is transferred to a car service, etc., for this it is necessary to disable the security mode with the current code, turn on the ignition and disable the security mode again with the current code. The service mode is turned off by turning on the ignition and turning off the security mode with the current code.

The technical problem of the considered method of operation of the immobilizer is the insufficient reliability of organizing the emergency shutdown of the blocking of devices and assemblies of the vehicle using the standard switches of the vehicle, since the signal from such switches used to close the low-current electrical circuits of the processor unit is unstable due to the formation of oxide films and deposits on the working contacts in in the process of regular work with high-current consumers. At the same time, the failure of the little-used regular switches involved in organizing the emergency shutdown of the blocking of devices and units of the vehicle makes it impossible to emergency shutdown of the immobilizer. In addition, the described method is not applicable to security systems that control access to protected premises, buildings or territories, since these complexes, as a rule, do not have additional standard switches that could generate an emergency shutdown signal. At the same time, when typing the code, the key fob with the keyboard must be in the user's field of vision, which means it is available for review by unauthorized persons.

The specified technical problem in an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism configured to generate control signals of a security complex, containing a code key that affects the secrecy mechanism, and a processor module with a processor unit associated with the security complex, is solved by the fact that a movable element is associated with the secrecy mechanism, configured to interact with a position sensor connected to the processor unit in the processor module, connected to the security complex by a coded signal exchange protocol.

The secrecy mechanism is made, as a rule, with a secret block in the form of a rotary code cylinder interacting with the code key.

The processor module and the security mechanism are preferably installed in a single housing with increased tamper-proof protection.

The security complex can be made in the form of an anti-theft vehicle complex.

The processor unit, as a rule, is equipped with a memory containing a PIN code that determines the conditions for disabling the security complex.

The processing unit can be equipped with a memory containing more than one PIN-code option that determines the conditions for controlling the immobilizer and/or security system.

The processor module can accommodate more than one position sensor included in the immobilizer and/or security complex control circuit.

The processor unit is connected to the security complex, preferably via a wireless channel.

The processor module can be equipped with a built-in accelerometer sensor.

The immobilizer is usually connected to an external power source, but can be supplied with its own independent power source.

The specified technical problem is also solved by the method of operation of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism connected to an electrical circuit with the possibility of generating control signals for a security complex, in which the secrecy mechanism is acted upon with a code key and the movable element is moved with its position fixed by a position sensor in the processor module, the signal from the sensor is transmitted to the processor unit with memory, which makes a decision to send a signal to control the security complex, when the electrical circuit is interrupted in the processor unit, a mark of prohibition of sending a signal to control the security complex is formed, which is effective when the immobilizer is restored with electric power before the procedure embedded in the memory of the processor unit is performed, in which on the secrecy mechanism with a code key, repeatedly moving the movable element to the position sensor in the processor module and back with certain time delays.

The immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism is preferably connected to the electrical circuit of the vehicle, and the security complex is made in the form of an anti-theft complex of the vehicle.

The specified technical problem is also solved by the method of operation of the immobilizer with the secrecy mechanism with the possibility of generating control signals for the security complex, in which the secrecy mechanism is acted upon with a code key and the movable element is moved with its position fixed by a position sensor in the processor module, the signal from the position sensor is transmitted to the processor unit with memory, which decides on the possibility of supplying a signal to control the security complex, upon receipt of a signal from the sensor-accelerometer in the on state of the security complex, in the processor unit a label is formed that prohibits the supply of a signal to control the security complex, which is valid until the execution of the procedure embedded in the memory of the processor unit, in which on the secrecy mechanism with a code key, repeatedly moving the movable element to the position sensor in the processor module and back with certain time delays.

The accelerometer sensor can be built into the processor module, and the security complex is made in the form of an anti-theft vehicle complex.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of the immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism, which combines a mechanical secrecy mechanism controlled by a mechanical key with contactless control of the processor module that acts on the security complex, in particular, on the anti-theft complex of the vehicle.

The given set of features in comparison with the prior art allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution complies with the condition of patentability "novelty". The set of distinguishing features, leading to the solution of a technical problem, does not explicitly follow from the prior art, therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the condition of patentability "inventive step". At the same time, the claimed technical solution is applicable to vehicles, so it meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

The claimed invention is shown in the following figures.

In FIG. 1 shows the main scheme of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism connected to the vehicle's electrical circuit and controlling the vehicle's anti-theft complex.

In FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the operation of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism that controls the anti-theft complex of a vehicle.

In FIG. 3 shows the main scheme of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism that controls the security complex.

In FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the operation of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism that controls the security complex.

The immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism is configured to generate control signals for the security complex. The immobilizer can be connected to an external power source or to its own autonomous power source. The security complex can be made in the form of an anti-theft complex of a vehicle, as well as an access control system to protected premises, buildings or territory. The immobilizer contains a code key that affects the secrecy mechanism, and a processor module with a processor unit associated with the security complex. The secret mechanism typically contains a secret block that interacts with the code key when it is entered into the secret mechanism. With the secrecy mechanism, namely, with the secret block, a movable element is connected, made with the possibility of interacting with the position sensor connected to the processor unit in the processor module, connected to the security complex by the coded signal exchange protocol. The processor module can accommodate more than one position sensor included in the control circuit for additional functions of the immobilizer and/or security system. The secret block of the secrecy mechanism can be different - cylinder or lever, the type of secret block determines the design of the immobilizer and its purpose. For example, for a cylinder secret mechanism, the secret block can be made in the form of a rotary code cylinder.

The position sensor in the processor module can be formed in the form of an optoelectronic pair, and the movable element associated with the secret block of the privacy mechanism can be made in the form of a shutter, or contain a shutter, or act on the shutter. In this case, the shutter is made, as a rule, moving with the possibility of overlapping the light flux from the emitter to the receiver of the optoelectronic pair. In another case, the shutter can be made moving with the possibility of reflecting the light flux from the emitter to the receiver of the optoelectronic pair. Also, the position sensor in the processor module may contain or be formed in the form of a Hall element, and the movable element associated with the secret block of the privacy mechanism is made containing a permanent magnet. In another embodiment, the position sensor in the processor module may contain or be formed in the form of a reed switch, and the movable element associated with the secret block of the privacy mechanism is made containing a permanent magnet. It should be noted that there are many technical solutions that provide the formation of a signal from the position sensor when passing near it or when approaching it, the response element that affects the state of the sensor. At the same time, under the action of the secret block, the movable element, depending on the design of the secrecy mechanism and the immobilizer, can perform rotational, translational, rotational-translational or plane-parallel movements. In addition, the processor module can be equipped with a built-in accelerometer sensor. At the same time, the processor module and the secrecy mechanism are installed mainly in a single housing with increased protection against hacking. In other embodiments, the security mechanism, the movable element, and the process module must be protected from tampering by elements of the room, building, or vehicle.

The processing unit is preferably equipped with a memory containing a PIN code that determines the conditions for disabling the security complex; in another version, the memory of the processor unit may contain more than one version of the PIN code that determines the conditions for controlling the immobilizer and/or security system. The processor unit is connected to the security system, as a rule, through a microcircuit with an exchange protocol installed in the processor module. In another variant, the connection of the processor unit with the security complex can be carried out via a wireless channel.

The immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism is connected to the power supply of the security complex, in particular, the vehicle or to an independent, external or built-in power supply, and is connected to the security complex, for example, the anti-theft complex of the vehicle.

Further work of the immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism is considered on the example of a controlled anti-theft complex of a vehicle. Connection to the anti-theft complex of the vehicle is possible both with an insulated wire and via a wireless channel, which expands the possibilities of placing and mounting an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism in a vehicle. The immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism is located in a place accessible to the driver, for example, in the passenger compartment on the front panel or in the plastic housing of the vehicle dashboard. The key is introduced into the secrecy mechanism and, if the secret of the key and the secret block of the secrecy mechanism coincide, the key is turned and the movement of the movable element associated with it is transmitted through the secret block. The movable element moves to the "open" position of the secrecy mechanism, acting on the position sensor in the processor module, the signal from which is transmitted to the processor unit with memory, which decides on the possibility of sending a signal to allow the vehicle's anti-theft complex to be turned off. In the case of a positive decision, the processor unit transmits a coded signal to the anti-theft complex of the vehicle through the interface chip. The encoded signal can be constant, intermittent or one-time when the moving element is in the "open" position of the secrecy mechanism. Upon receipt of a coded signal from the immobilizer interface chip, the anti-theft complex of the vehicle switches or can be switched to the “off” state, which unlocks the electrical circuits, moving elements and mechanisms of the vehicle, for example: ignition and starter switch, fuel supply pump, locking mechanism hood, gearbox or steering shaft, which allows you to operate the vehicle.

When the power supply from the vehicle or an autonomous, external or built-in power supply to the immobilizer is interrupted, an electronic label is set in the memory of the processor unit to prohibit the signal to turn off the anti-theft complex of the vehicle. If there is no power supply to the immobilizer, when the key is turned in the security mechanism, the movable element moves to the “open” position, the position sensor will not transmit a signal to the processor unit with memory and the processor unit will not give a positive signal, and the interface microcircuit does not transmit a coded signal to the anti-theft complex of the vehicle. The anti-theft complex saves the state in which the power supply was interrupted: “disabled” or “enabled”. When the power supply is restored, when the key is turned in the security mechanism, the movable element moves to the “open” position, but the presence of an electronic label in the memory of the processor unit does not allow it to issue a positive signal to the interface chip to transmit an encoded signal to the vehicle’s anti-theft complex module. The vehicle's anti-theft system remains in the same state in which the power supply was interrupted, "disabled" or "enabled". To transmit a coded signal after a power failure, it is necessary to move the moving element by turning the key in the security mechanism and, by reading its location with the position sensor, enter the PIN code. The PIN-code consists of a combination of short or long pauses in the positions of the movable element, corresponding to the "open" and "closed" positions of the secrecy mechanism, original for each immobilizer. After performing the necessary combination, the electronic label of the memory of the processor unit about the interruption of the power supply is reset and the procedure for disabling and enabling the anti-theft complex of the vehicle is restored.

An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism and an autonomous power supply can be used not only to protect vehicles, but also in other security systems, for example, in an access control system to protected premises, buildings or territories.

The processor module of the immobilizer may have an audible and/or light notification to inform the user about the state of the processor module and the position of the privacy mechanism. The immobilizer processor module may have an accelerometer sensor for blocking the immobilizer in case of attempts to break into the vehicle in the parking lot, with an additional input for receiving a signal from the electronic units of the anti-theft complex of the vehicle or from the electronic units of the vehicle, such as the ignition system, to disable the immobilizer when the vehicle is moving .

There may be several position sensors and PIN code options in the processor unit for transmitting signals to control the vehicle and / or the vehicle's anti-theft complex, for example, permission to open the hood, or enabling the “Change PIN code” function of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism, or transferring immobilizer and anti-theft security complex to the "Disabled" position when the vehicle is transferred to third parties for service. There are many other options for using position sensors and PIN codes in the processor unit to ensure the convenience of using an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism and a security complex, in particular, an anti-theft vehicle complex and the vehicle itself.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative and not limiting of the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to develop many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. By itself, the fact that certain criteria are listed in mutually distinct dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these criteria cannot be used to produce a beneficial effect.

Claims (15)

1. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism, configured to generate control signals of a security complex, containing a code key that affects the secrecy mechanism, and a processor module with a processor unit associated with the security complex, characterized in that a movable element is associated with the secrecy mechanism, made with the possibility of interaction with the position sensor connected to the processor unit in the processor module, connected with the security complex by the coded signal exchange protocol. 2. An immobilizer with a security mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the security mechanism is made with a security block in the form of a rotary code cylinder that interacts with the code key. 3. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor module and the secrecy mechanism are installed in a single housing with increased protection against hacking. 4. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the security complex is made in the form of an anti-theft vehicle complex. 5. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor unit is equipped with a memory containing a PIN code that determines the conditions for disabling the security complex. 6. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor unit is equipped with a memory containing more than one version of the PIN code that determines the conditions for controlling the immobilizer and / or security complex. 7. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor module contains more than one position sensor included in the control circuit of the immobilizer and / or security complex. 8. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor unit is connected to the security system via a wireless channel. 9. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the processor module is equipped with a built-in accelerometer sensor. 10. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that it is connected to an external power source. 11. An immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with its own autonomous power source. 12. The method of operation of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism connected to an electrical circuit with the possibility of generating control signals for a security complex, in which the secrecy mechanism is acted upon with a code key and the movable element is moved with its position fixed by a position sensor in the processor module, the signal from the sensor is transmitted to the processor unit with memory, which makes a decision on the supply of a signal to control the security complex, characterized in that when the electrical circuit is interrupted, a flag for prohibiting the supply of a signal to control the security complex is formed in the processor unit, which is effective when the immobilizer's electrical power is restored before the procedure embedded in the memory of the processor unit is executed, when which affect the secrecy mechanism with a code key, repeatedly moving the movable element to the position sensor in the processor module and back with certain time delays. 13. The method of operation of the immobilizer with the secrecy mechanism according to claim 12, characterized in that the immobilizer with the secrecy mechanism is connected to the electrical circuit of the vehicle, and the security complex is made in the form of an anti-theft complex of the vehicle. 14. The method of operation of an immobilizer with a secrecy mechanism with the possibility of generating control signals for a security complex, in which the secrecy mechanism is acted upon with a code key and the movable element is moved with its position fixed by a position sensor in the processor module, the signal from the position sensor is transmitted to the processor unit with memory, which makes a decision on the possibility of supplying a signal to control the security complex, characterized in that upon receipt of a signal from the sensor-accelerometer in the on state of the security complex in the processor unit, a label is formed that prohibits the supply of a signal to control the security complex, which is valid until the execution of the procedure embedded in the memory of the processor unit, in which act on the secrecy mechanism with a code key, repeatedly moving the movable element to the position sensor in the processor module and back with certain time delays. 15. The method of operation of the immobilizer with the secrecy mechanism according to claim 14, characterized in that the accelerometer sensor is built into the processor module, and the security complex is made in the form of a vehicle anti-theft complex.

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