RU2775583C1 - Stand for the study of hydromechanical characteristics of well filters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: testing equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to testing equipment, in particular to devices for testing downhole filters of various types of design used for the production and storage of hydrocarbons in the oil and gas industry. The device includes a test chamber with top and bottom covers at the ends, covering the upper and lower ends of the test chamber, respectively, serving as both the inlet of the working fluid and the outlet of the waste fluid from the test chamber, depending on the direction of fluid movement, the test filter installed in the test chamber, a pumping unit, a container for preparing a working fluid, in the upper part of which an electric motor with an agitator on the shaft is installed, a container with flushing liquid, a container for the waste liquid, pressure sensors installed at the ends of the test chamber, and equipped with shutoff valves, the first, second and third pipelines for supplying the working fluid, the first, second and third pipelines for removing the working fluid, the first and second pipelines made with the possibility of supplying the working fluid to the test chamber or removing the waste fluid from the test chamber, the pipeline for supplying the flushing fluid and the first and second pipelines for draining the waste fluid.

EFFECT: extended functionality of the stand, which consists in the possibility of testing borehole filters in conditions typical both for vertical wells and for horizontal and directional wells.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to testing equipment, in particular to devices for testing downhole filters of various types of design used for the production and storage of hydrocarbons in the oil and gas industry.

The most promising and reliable method of sand control is the installation of downhole filters in the well. The downhole filter is one of the most important elements of the well bottomhole design, which ultimately determines the efficiency of the well during its entire life.

The stand for studying the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters is designed to assess the nominal collapse and rupture pressure at which the filter is destroyed and the ability to retain mechanical impurities is lost during fluid filtration during the operation of water, oil, gas and gas condensate wells. In addition, the stand allows you to identify methods of influencing the clogged filter in order to clean it.

Two main types of tests are carried out on the bench: for the collapse pressure and for the burst pressure. Collapse pressure tests are performed to verify the nominal collapse pressure specified by the supplier/manufacturer, or to determine the collapse pressure at which the filter breaks down and loses its ability to retain solids. Collapse tests are carried out by injecting the working fluid from the outside of the well filter.

Burst pressure tests are performed to evaluate the burst pressure rating specified by the supplier/manufacturer, or to determine the burst pressure at which the filter ruptures and loses its ability to retain solids. Bursting tests are carried out by injecting the working fluid into the internal cavity of the well filter.

Thus, the creation of a stand for studying the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters will help to select the optimal design of well filters for reliable prevention of well sanding during long-term and stable operation.

The closest technical solution to the proposed stand is a stand for testing filters of downhole pumping units (RF patent No. 2687690 C1, E21B 43/08, G01M 99/00, 05/15/2019). In a well-known stand, filters are tested for downhole pumping units operating in conditions complicated by a high content of abrasive particles in reservoir products. The stand contains a vertical casing, inside which is installed a test filter with a safety valve, pipelines with valves, a pump, a pressure gauge installed on the pump discharge pipeline, a mechanical impurities dispenser and a sludge collector. The filter is directly connected to the suction pipe of the pump, equipped with a vacuum pressure gauge. The casing string is filled with modeling fluid and is connected to an injector designed to create overpressure. The supercharger is equipped with a pressure gauge, a check valve and a safety valve with adjustable spring tension. The sludge collector is connected to the casing string through a pipeline with a valve. The functionality of the known stand provides simulation of downhole conditions of the filters.

The disadvantages of the known filter are as follows. The known stand does not allow simulating the conditions typical for horizontal and directional wells. In addition, in the well-known stand, there is no possibility to change the flow direction - to inject liquid into the internal cavity of the filter, thus simulating repair and other work, during which liquids act on the downhole filter elements. Also, the well-known stand is complicated in execution and regulation. In addition, it is difficult to maintain the work of the known stand in a given range of operating parameters. It should be noted that the supply of mechanical impurities to the injection pipeline does not make it possible to achieve homogeneity of the model medium and control its parameters during testing, because there is no unit for preparing and maintaining the homogeneity of the model medium.

The task to be solved by the present invention is the creation of a stand for testing the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters, which is a closed circulation system with a working fluid preparation unit, which increases the reliability of the results of testing well filters.

The technical result, to which the claimed technical solution is directed, is the expansion of the functionality of the stand, which consists in the possibility of testing borehole filters in conditions typical of both vertical wells and horizontal and directional wells.

The specified technical result is achieved by creating a stand for studying the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters, which includes a test chamber with top and bottom covers at the ends, covering the upper and lower ends of the test chamber, respectively, serving as both the inlet of the working fluid and the outlet of the waste fluid from the test chamber. chambers depending on the direction of fluid movement, a filter under test installed in the test chamber, a pumping unit, a tank for preparing a working fluid, in the upper part of which an electric motor with a stirrer is installed on the shaft, a tank with flushing liquid, a tank for waste liquid, pressure sensors installed at the ends of the test chamber, and equipped with shutoff valves, the first, second and third pipelines for supplying the working fluid, the first, second and third pipelines for removing the working fluid, the first and second pipelines, made with the possibility of supplying to the tester the main chamber of the working fluid or the outlet of the waste fluid from the test chamber, the pipeline for supplying the flushing fluid and the first and second pipelines for draining the waste fluid, moreover, the outlet of the reservoir for supplying the flushing fluid through the pipeline for supplying the flushing fluid is connected to the inlet of the pumping unit, with which, through the third pipeline for supplying the working liquid, the outlet of the container for the preparation of the working fluid is connected, the outlet of the pumping unit through the first pipeline for supplying the working fluid and the first pipeline, configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the waste fluid from the test chamber, is connected through the top cover and, accordingly, the upper end of the test chamber with one of the ends of the filter under test, while the lower end of the test chamber with the bottom cover through the second pipeline, configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the working fluid from the test chamber of the used liquid, and the first pipeline for draining the used liquid is connected to the inlet to the used liquid tank, and the test chamber with its upper end and, accordingly, the upper cover through the first pipeline, configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the used liquid from the test chamber , is connected to the second pipeline for draining the used fluid, which in turn is connected to the inlet to the used liquid container, and with its second end with the bottom cover, the test chamber through the second pipeline, configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the used fluid from the test chamber , is connected to the second pipeline for supplying the working fluid, which, in turn, through the first and third pipelines for supplying the working fluid, is connected to the outlet of the tank for preparing the working fluid, in addition, the inlet of the tank for preparing the working fluid through the third and first th working fluid discharge pipelines, the first working fluid supply pipeline and the washing liquid supply pipeline are connected to the outlet of the washing liquid container.

The drawing shows a diagram of the proposed stand for testing the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters, which consists of:

- test chamber (1) with upper and lower covers (2, 3), respectively, covering the upper and lower ends of the test chamber (1);

- tested filter (4);

- pump unit (5);

- container (6) for preparation of the working fluid, in the upper part of which an electric motor 7 is installed with a stirrer on the motor shaft, which is designed to prevent solid particles from settling;

- container (8) with washing liquid;

- capacity (9) for waste fluid;

- the first pipeline (10) for supplying the working fluid;

- the first, second and third pipelines (11, 12, 13) for the removal of the working fluid;

- the second pipeline (14) for supplying the working fluid;

- the first pipeline (15), made with the possibility of supplying the working fluid to the chamber (1) or draining the waste fluid from the chamber (1);

- the second pipeline (16), made with the possibility of supplying the working fluid to the chamber (1) or draining the waste fluid from the chamber (1);

- the first pipeline (17) for draining the waste liquid;

- pipeline (18) for supplying flushing liquid;

- the third pipeline (19) for supplying the working fluid;

- pressure sensors (20, 21) at the ends of the test chamber;

- stop valves (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32);

- the second pipeline (33) for draining the waste liquid. In addition, pressure gauges (not indicated in the diagram) can be additionally installed in the stand for clarity.

The stand for studying the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters includes a test chamber (1) with upper and lower covers (2, 3) at the ends, while on the side of the covers (2, 3) each of both ends of the test chamber (1) serves as an input working fluid, and the outlet of the waste fluid, depending on the direction of the fluid entering the chamber (1), in addition, the stand includes a test filter (4) installed in the test chamber (1), a pump unit (5), a container (6) for the preparation of the working fluid, in the upper part of which there is an electric motor (7) with a stirrer on the shaft, a container (8) with washing liquid, a container (9) for the waste liquid, as well as eleven pipelines (10-19), shut-off valves (22- 30) installed on said pipelines and two pressure sensors (20, 21) at the ends of the test chamber (1). The outlet of the reservoir (8) for supplying the flushing fluid through the pipeline (18) for supplying the flushing fluid is connected to the inlet of the pumping unit (5), with which the outlet of the reservoir (6) for preparing the working fluid is connected through the third pipeline (19) for supplying the working fluid. At the same time, the output of the pumping unit (5) through the first pipeline (10) for supplying the working fluid and the first pipeline (15), configured to supply the working fluid or drain the waste fluid, is connected through the top cover and, accordingly, the first end of the test chamber (1) with one end of the tested filter (4), while the second end of the test chamber (1) with the bottom cover is connected to the the entrance to the container (9) of the waste liquid. At the same time, the test chamber (1) with its upper end and, accordingly, the upper cover is connected to the second pipeline (33) for draining the waste liquid, which in turn is connected to the inlet to the waste liquid tank (9), and with its second end with the bottom cover, the test chamber chamber (1) through the second pipeline (16), configured to supply the working fluid or drain the waste fluid, and the second pipeline (14) for supplying the working fluid is connected to the first pipeline (10) for supplying the working fluid, which in turn through the third pipeline ( 19) of the working fluid supply is connected to the outlet of the tank (6) for the preparation of the working fluid. At the same time, the inlet of the container (6) for preparing the working fluid through the third and first pipelines (13, 11) for removing the working fluid, the first pipeline (10) for supplying the working fluid and the pipeline (18) for supplying the flushing fluid is connected to the outlet of the container (8) with washing liquid.

The work of the declared stand is carried out as follows.

Before assembling the stand, the components are tested for strength and tightness. In the proposed stand for testing the hydromechanical characteristics of downhole filters, tests can be carried out both with liquid and with liquid along with mechanical impurities in various proportions. At the same time, the pipelines adjacent to the test chamber (1) are flexible and allow it to be installed in any position (vertically, horizontally or at an angle).

Check the closure of all shut-off valves (22-30). The tested filter (4) is placed in the test chamber (1), which is tightly closed in the lower part on one side. Covers (2 and 3) are provided. Install the camera (1) in the required position (vertically, horizontally or at an angle). The required amount of liquid is poured into the container (6) for preparing the working fluid. The necessary amount of washing liquid is poured into the container (8) with the washing liquid. The electric motor (7) is turned on and by adding the necessary components (chemical reagents and solid particles) to the container (6) for preparing the working fluid in the required proportions, the working fluid is prepared with the specified characteristics (density, viscosity, concentration of solid particles). The volume of the working fluid must exceed the volume required to fill the entire system of the stand. If necessary (for example, the container (6) remained full after previous tests), the waste liquid container (9) is drained of the liquid and, if necessary, cleaned of solid particles. Next, tests are carried out either for crushing pressure or burst pressure.

Collapse pressure tests.

Open the shut-off valves (23, 25, 26, 28, 30) and fill the system with working fluid. The pumping unit (5) is switched on, the required fluid flow is set, and the working fluid is pumped from the tank (6) to prepare the working fluid, first through the pipeline (19, 10) for supplying the working fluid and then through the pipeline (14) for supplying the working fluid for pressure testing collapse and the pipeline (16) for supplying the working fluid to the test chamber (1) through the bottom cover (3). The liquid begins to be filtered through the filter in its inner part, after which it exits through the top cover (2) through pipelines (15, 11, 13) for removing the working fluid and enters the container (6) for preparing the working fluid. The liquid begins to circulate in a closed cycle. The conformity of the characteristics of the working fluid in the container (6) for preparing the working fluid is monitored and, if necessary, maintained at a given level by adding the required amount of chemical reagents or diluting the working fluid with water. The liquid circulation is carried out until a sharp increase in the discharge pressure, determined by the pressure sensor (20), which indicates that the filter is clogged with solid particles from the working fluid (the degree of clogging is estimated from the difference in the readings of the pressure sensors (20, 21). After that, the injection of fluid continues until the pressure increases until the required value is reached, determined by the manufacturer, or until a loss of control over sand filtration is recorded (assessed by a sharp drop in the pressure value on the pressure sensor (20)). During the tests, pressure values are constantly recorded by pressure sensors (20 and 21), the difference in values of which is used to determine the pressure drop across the filter. At the end of the test, turn off the electric motor (7) and open the shut-off valves (22 and 27), close the shut-off valves (30). The pipeline (14) for supplying the working fluid for testing the collapse pressure is flushed, while the fluid enters the container (9) for the waste fluid. Then the shut-off valve (24) is opened, the shut-off valve (25) is closed and the pipelines (15, 11 and 13) for the removal of the working fluid are washed, while the liquid is drained into a container (6) for preparing the working fluid. Then the shut-off valve (30) is opened, the shut-off valve (26) is closed and the filter (4) and the test chamber (1) are washed, while the liquid is drained into the container (9) for the waste liquid. After that, the pumping unit (5) is turned off and all valves are closed. After that, the liquid from the container (9) for the waste liquid is drained by opening the locking device (32), processed or disposed of.

burst pressure tests.

Open the shut-off valves (23, 24, 29, 30) and fill the system with working fluid. The pumping unit (5) is switched on, the required fluid flow is set, and the working fluid is pumped from the tank (6) to prepare the working fluid, first through the pipeline (19, 10) for supplying the working fluid and the pipeline (15) for supplying the working fluid to the test chamber (1) through the top cover (2) into the inner cavity of the tested filter (4). The liquid begins to be filtered in the internal cavity of the filter, exits through the bottom cover (3) through the pipelines (16, 12, 13) and enters the tank (16) for the preparation of the working fluid. The liquid begins to circulate in a closed cycle. The conformity of the characteristics of the working fluid in the tank for preparing the working fluid (6) is monitored and, if necessary, maintained at a given level by adding the required amount of chemical reagents or diluting the working fluid with water. The fluid circulation is carried out until a sharp increase in the discharge pressure, determined by the pressure sensor (21), which signals filter clogging (the degree of clogging is estimated from the difference in readings of the pressure sensors (20 and 21). After that, the injection of liquid continues until the pressure increases until the required value is reached, determined by the manufacturer, or until a loss of control over sand filtration is recorded (estimated by a sharp drop in the pressure value on the pressure sensor (21)). During the tests, pressure values are constantly recorded by pressure sensors (20 and 21), the difference in values of which is used to determine the pressure drop across the filter. At the end of the test, turn off the electric motor (7) and open the shut-off valves (22 and 25, 28), close the shut-off valves (24, 30). The pipelines (12 and 13) for the removal of the working fluid are washed, while the liquid is drained into a container (6) for preparing the working fluid. Then open the stop valves (30, 31) and close (29). Next, the filter (4) and the test chamber (1) are washed, while the liquid is drained into a container (9) for the waste liquid. After that, the pumping unit (5) is turned off and all valves are closed. The liquid from the container (9) for the waste liquid is drained by opening the locking device (32), recycled or disposed of.

During the tests, depending on the selected test mode (fluid flow rate, solids concentration and pressure), the main characteristics of the tested filter 4 in test block 1 are evaluated: nominal collapse pressure; nominal burst pressure; comparison of the maximum actual and passport pressure values at which there is no loss of the filter's ability to retain mechanical impurities during fluid filtration; hydraulic resistance of the filter.

Based on the test results, a conclusion is made on the conformity of the hydromechanical characteristics of the tested filter declared by the manufacturer with the actual one. After testing, the top cover 2 (or the top cover (2) and the bottom cover (3)) opens and the filter (4) is removed.

If necessary, the test chamber (1) can be dismantled and reassembled.

If necessary, a new filter sample is installed in the test chamber (1) and the tests are repeated.

Tests of the proposed utility model were carried out as follows.

Before the study, the test sample of the well filter (4) was installed in a horizontal position and the working fluid was prepared. Then the stand was filled with working fluid to a pressure of up to 2 atmospheres. At the same time, the performance of the manometers was checked. According to the readings of pressure sensors (20, 21), the tightness of the system was recorded (pressure value equal to 2 atmospheres is maintained for 10-15 minutes). Further, by turning on the pumping unit (5), the pressure value was raised to a sharp jump, i.e. determined by the conditions of the experiment, for example, up to 120 atmospheres, which was also recorded according to the readings of the pressure sensor (20 or 21) at the entrance to the test chamber (1). The stand worked up to a sharp pressure jump for 1 hour. At the same time, with a frequency of 1 minute, pressure sensors (20, 21) recorded the pressure value at the inlet to the test chamber (1), which amounted to 120 atmospheres, and at the outlet, the value of which corresponded to 100 atmospheres. The pressure drop across the filter (4) was - 20 atmospheres. To repeat the study, the conditions of the experiment can be changed. Studies were also carried out with a changed pressure value at the entrance to the test chamber (1), for example, from 120 atmospheres to 170 atmospheres, as a result of which a loss of control over sand filtration was obtained (estimated by a sharp decrease in inlet pressure and an increase in the outlet of the filter , which changed from 170 to 140 atmospheres at the inlet and from 120 to 140 atmospheres at the outlet).

The proposed stand has a design that allows you to quickly change the angles of inclination of the test chamber (1) and test the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters (4).

Thus, there is an expansion of the bench's functionality, which consists in the possibility of testing borehole filters in conditions typical of both vertical wells and horizontal and directional wells. In other words, testing using the proposed stand allows you to determine the efficiency of the well filter, determine the conditions and their duration under which the filter is clogged, and also obtain a comparison of the maximum actual and passport pressure values at which there is no loss of the filter's ability to retain mechanical impurities during filtration fluid.

Claims (1)

The stand for studying the hydromechanical characteristics of well filters includes a test chamber with top and bottom covers at the ends, covering the upper and lower ends of the test chamber, respectively, serving as both the inlet of the working fluid and the outlet of the waste fluid from the test chamber, depending on the direction of fluid movement, tested filter installed in the test chamber, pumping unit, container for preparation of the working fluid, in the upper part of which there is an electric motor with a stirrer on the shaft, a container with flushing liquid, a container for the waste liquid, pressure sensors installed at the ends of the test chamber and equipped with shutoff valves the first, second and third pipelines for supplying the working fluid, the first, second and third pipelines for the removal of the working fluid, the first and second pipelines, made with the possibility of supplying the working fluid to the test chamber or removing waste from the test chamber this fluid, the flushing fluid supply pipeline and the first and second pipelines for draining the used fluid, wherein the outlet of the flushing fluid supply tank through the flushing fluid supply pipeline is connected to the inlet of the pumping unit, to which the outlet of the reservoir for preparing the working fluid is connected through the third working fluid supply pipeline, the outlet of the pumping unit through the first pipeline for supplying the working fluid and the first pipeline, configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the waste fluid from the test chamber, is connected through the top cover and, accordingly, the upper end of the test chamber with one of the ends of the tested filter, while the lower end of the test chamber with a bottom cover through the second pipeline, which is configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the waste fluid from the test chamber, and the first pipeline for draining the waste fluid line with the inlet to the waste liquid container, wherein the test chamber with its upper end and, accordingly, the upper cover through the first pipeline, configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the waste liquid from the test chamber, is connected to the second pipeline for draining the waste liquid, which in its the queue is connected with the inlet of the waste liquid into the container, and by its lower end with the bottom cover, the test chamber through the second pipeline, configured to supply the working fluid to the test chamber or drain the waste fluid from the test chamber, is connected to the second pipeline for supplying the working fluid, which in its turn the turn through the first and third pipelines for supplying the working fluid is connected to the outlet of the tank for preparing the working fluid, in addition, the inlet of the tank for preparing the working fluid through the third and liquid and the flushing fluid supply pipeline is connected to the outlet of the flushing fluid container.

Images