CN112394018B - Measuring instrument and method for filtering loss - Google Patents
Measuring instrument and method for filtering loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN112394018B CN112394018B CN202011110134.0A CN202011110134A CN112394018B CN 112394018 B CN112394018 B CN 112394018B CN 202011110134 A CN202011110134 A CN 202011110134A CN 112394018 B CN112394018 B CN 112394018B
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic filtration loss measuring instrument and a method. The invention provides a measure of the amount of fluid loss by motor fluid loss comprising: the device comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a bearing device, a detachable simulation pipe column, a shaft, a first flat flow pump, a first intermediate container, a first common valve, a second flat flow pump, a second intermediate container, a second common valve, a third common valve, a first pressure control one-way valve, a second pressure control one-way valve and a third pressure control one-way valve; the first flat flow pump is connected with a first intermediate container, and the first intermediate container is connected with the inlet end of the first common valve; the outlet end of the first common valve is connected with the detachable simulation pipe column through pipeline threads; the second flat flow pump is connected with the second intermediate container; when a working fluid is injected into the wellbore, a measure of fluid loss is determined via the fluid loss treatment, the fluid loss being indicative of an effect of the working fluid on the formation at the set pressure system. The dynamic filtration loss measuring instrument and the dynamic filtration loss measuring method provided by the invention can be used for measuring the filtration loss of the drilling fluid under the circulating flowing state of the drilling fluid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploitation and drilling, in particular to a dynamic filtration loss measuring instrument and a dynamic filtration loss measuring method.
Background
The drilling fluid has the advantages that the effect of the drilling fluid in the well construction process of oil exploitation is very critical, the performance of the drilling fluid comprises density, viscosity, filtration loss and pH value, the quality of the performance of the drilling fluid directly influences the quality of a well hole, and the performance of the drilling fluid is determined to be important for ensuring that the well hole is suitable for a selected stratum, wherein the determination of the filtration loss of the drilling fluid is an essential link.
In the prior art, a static filtration method is mainly used for measuring the filtration loss of the drilling fluid, and when the filtration loss is measured by the method, the drilling fluid is in a non-flowing state and can only be statically and quantitatively judged; in practical situations, the drilling fluid circulates and interacts with the formation, which can cause unpredictable phenomena such as borehole wall collapse, lost circulation, and shrinkage.
Therefore, how to measure the fluid loss of the drilling fluid under the condition that the drilling fluid circularly flows is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a dynamic filtration loss measuring instrument and a dynamic filtration loss measuring method, which are used for measuring the filtration loss of drilling fluid under the circulating flowing state of the drilling fluid.
The invention provides a measuring instrument for the amount of dynamic fluid loss, which comprises: the device comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a bearing device, a detachable simulation pipe column, a shaft, a first flat flow pump, a first intermediate container, a first common valve, a second flat flow pump, a second intermediate container, a second common valve, a third common valve, a first pressure control one-way valve, a second pressure control one-way valve and a third pressure control one-way valve;
a first perforated prefabricated thread is arranged in the middle of the first cover plate; the second cover plate is provided with a circulating pipeline, and a bearing device is arranged in the middle of the second cover plate; a second perforated prefabricated thread is arranged in the middle of the bearing device; an annular sealing ring is arranged between the first cover plate and the second cover plate for connection; the first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged above the shaft; the detachable simulation pipe column is hollow and is vertically arranged in the middle of the shaft and is in threaded connection with a pipeline outside the shaft through the first perforation preformed thread and the second perforation preformed thread; the lowest end of the detachable simulation pipe column is a miniature detachable hydraulic rotating head; the rotating head is hollow;
the first flat flow pump is connected with a first intermediate container, and the first intermediate container is connected with the inlet end of the first common valve; the outlet end of the first common valve is connected with the detachable simulation pipe column through pipeline threads; the second flat flow pump is connected with the second intermediate container; the second intermediate container is connected with the shaft through a second common valve and a third common valve;
when a working fluid is injected into the wellbore, a measure of fluid loss is determined via the fluid loss treatment, the fluid loss being indicative of an effect of the working fluid on the formation at the set pressure system.
In one possible design, the inlet end of the first pressure control one-way valve is connected with the well bore through a flow pipeline; the outlet end of the first pressure control one-way valve is connected with a waste liquid pool; the first pressure control check valve is used for determining an upper pressure limit of a first pressure in the well bore.
In one possible design, further comprising: a first metering device and a second metering device;
the wellbore includes: the core comprises a first annular steel sleeve, a second annular steel sleeve, a first annular rubber water bag, a second annular rubber water bag, a first through hole core and a second through hole core; the first annular steel sleeve and the first annular rubber water bag are combined into a first pressure chamber outside the first through hole core; the second annular steel sleeve and the second annular rubber water bag are combined into a second pressure chamber outside the second through hole core; the first through hole core and the second through hole core are positioned on the inner side of the shaft;
a first liquid inlet port and a first liquid outlet port are formed in the first annular steel sleeve; a second liquid inlet port and a second liquid outlet port are formed in the second annular steel sleeve; the outer end of the first liquid inlet port is connected with a second intermediate container through a second common valve; the inner end of the first liquid inlet port is communicated with a first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid inlet port is connected with a second intermediate container through a third common valve; the inner end of the second liquid inlet port is communicated with a second annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the first liquid outlet port is connected with the first metering device through a second pressure control one-way valve, and the inner end of the first liquid outlet port is communicated with the first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid outlet port is connected with a second metering device through a third pressure control one-way valve, and the inner end of the second liquid outlet port is used for being communicated with a second annular rubber water bag; the second pressure control one-way valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of the second pressure of the first pressure chamber; a third pressure control check valve for determining an upper pressure limit of a third pressure of the second pressure chamber;
the bearing device comprises a bearing outer ring steel ring, balls, a special bearing inner ring steel ring, a leather cup and a gasket; the special bearing system is composed of a bearing outer ring steel ring, balls and a special bearing inner ring steel ring and is used for realizing the rotation of the detachable simulation pipe column; the leather cup is used for realizing sealing; shims are used to protect the specialty bearing system.
In one possible design, before determining the measure of fluid loss via the fluid loss treatment when injecting the working fluid into the wellbore, the method further comprises:
opening a first common valve, a second common valve, a third common valve, a first pressure control one-way valve, a second pressure control one-way valve and a third pressure control one-way valve, wherein the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve is preset as a first pressure threshold value; the pressure values of the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve are preset to be a second pressure threshold value; the first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold;
connecting a high-pressure gas source interface with the shaft through a first common valve to inject high-pressure gas into the shaft; and pumping water into the second intermediate container by a second advection pump;
when the first pressure of the well bore is larger than the second pressure of the first pressure chamber, and the first pressure is larger than the third pressure of the second pressure chamber; and closing the first pressure control one-way valve, the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve to finish the pressure test of the dynamic fluid loss measuring instrument until the first pressure reaches a first pressure threshold, the second pressure reaches a second pressure threshold and the third pressure reaches a second pressure threshold.
In one possible design, before determining the measure of fluid loss via the fluid loss treatment when injecting the working fluid into the wellbore, the method further comprises:
performing saturated water pretreatment on the first through hole core and the second through hole core;
opening a first common valve and a first pressure control one-way valve; pumping working fluid into the first intermediate container through a first advection pump;
stopping pumping the working liquid when the working liquid is dripped into the waste liquid pool;
setting the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve as a third pressure threshold value; the pressure values of the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve are both a fourth pressure threshold value; the third pressure threshold is greater than the fourth pressure threshold;
opening a second common valve, a third common valve, a second pressure control one-way valve and a third pressure control one-way valve; pumping water into a second intermediate container through a second advection pump;
when the pressure values of the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve reach a fourth pressure threshold value, closing the second common valve and the third common valve; pumping working fluid into the first intermediate container through a first advection pump; and reading a first reading of the first metering device and a second reading of the second metering device until the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve reaches a third pressure threshold value, wherein the first reading and the second reading are both used for indicating a metering zero point of the working fluid after filtration treatment under a set pressure system.
In one possible design, determining a measure of fluid loss via a fluid loss treatment when injecting a treatment fluid into a wellbore includes:
reading a third reading of the first metering device and a fourth reading of the second metering device according to a preset first time threshold;
determining a first metric of fluid loss based on the third reading and the first reading;
determining a second measure of fluid loss based on the fourth reading and the second reading;
and determining the influence of the dynamic working fluid on the formation under the set pressure system according to the first metering value and the second metering value.
In one possible design, determining a measure of fluid loss via the fluid loss treatment when injecting the treatment fluid into the wellbore further comprises:
closing the first common valve and the first pressure control one-way valve;
reading a fifth reading of the first metering device and a sixth reading of the second metering device according to a preset second time threshold;
determining a third metric value for fluid loss based on the fifth reading and the first reading;
determining a fourth metric for the fluid loss fluid based on the sixth reading and the second reading;
and determining the influence of the static working fluid on the stratum under the set pressure system according to the third metering value and the fourth metering value.
In one possible design, after the first pressure control check valve, the second pressure control check valve and the third pressure control check valve are closed, the method further includes:
determining the first pressure according to a preset third time threshold; the absolute error of the first pressure from the first pressure threshold is less than or equal to a preset pressure difference value.
In a possible design, before the working fluid is pumped into the first intermediate container by the first advection pump, the method further includes:
disconnecting the gas supply end of the high-pressure gas source from the first common valve;
the first intermediate container is connected to a first common valve.
In one possible design, the wellbore further comprises: the M annular steel sleeve, the M annular rubber water bag and the M through hole core; an Mth liquid inlet port and an Mth liquid outlet port are formed in the Mth annular steel sleeve; the outer end of the Mth liquid inlet port is communicated with a second intermediate container; the inner end of the Mth liquid inlet port is communicated with the Mth annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the Mth liquid outlet port is used for being connected with the Mth metering device, the inner end of the Mth liquid outlet port is used for being communicated with the Mth annular rubber water bag, and M is an integer larger than 0.
The invention provides a measuring instrument and a method for the amount of dynamic fluid loss, comprising the following steps: the device comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a bearing device, a detachable simulation pipe column, a shaft, a first flat flow pump, a first intermediate container, a first common valve, a second flat flow pump, a second intermediate container, a second common valve, a third common valve, a first pressure control one-way valve, a second pressure control one-way valve and a third pressure control one-way valve; the first flat flow pump is connected with a first intermediate container, and the first intermediate container is connected with the inlet end of the first common valve; the outlet end of the first common valve is connected with the detachable simulation pipe column through pipeline threads; the second flat flow pump is connected with the second intermediate container; and setting by new assembly to a wellbore comprising: the core comprises a first annular steel sleeve, a second annular steel sleeve, a first annular rubber water bag, a second annular rubber water bag, a first through hole core and a second through hole core; the first annular steel sleeve and the first annular rubber water bag are combined into a first pressure chamber outside the first through hole core; the second annular steel sleeve and the second annular rubber water bag are combined into a second pressure chamber outside the second through hole core; the first through hole core and the second through hole core are positioned on the inner side of the shaft; a first liquid inlet port and a first liquid outlet port are formed in the first annular steel sleeve; a second liquid inlet port and a second liquid outlet port are formed in the second annular steel sleeve; the outer end of the first liquid inlet port is connected with a second intermediate container through a second common valve; the inner end of the first liquid inlet port is communicated with a first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid inlet port is connected with a second intermediate container through a third common valve; the inner end of the second liquid inlet port is communicated with a second annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the first liquid outlet port is connected with the first metering device through a second pressure control one-way valve; the inner end of the first liquid outlet port is communicated with the first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid outlet port is connected with a second metering device through a third pressure control one-way valve, and the inner end of the second liquid outlet port is used for being communicated with a second annular rubber water bag; the second pressure control one-way valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of the second pressure of the first pressure chamber; and the third pressure control one-way valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of the third pressure of the second pressure chamber, a bearing device is arranged in the second cover plate above the shaft to realize the rotation of the detachable simulation pipe column in the shaft, and when working fluid is injected into the shaft, the metering of the filtered fluid is determined through the filtering treatment, so that the filtering loss of the drilling fluid can be determined under the state that the drilling fluid circularly flows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fluid loss measuring apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fluid loss determinator bearing arrangement shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an annular rubber water bladder of a fluid loss meter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the epithelial bowl of a fluid loss meter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a central cup of a fluid loss apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bottom cup of a fluid loss meter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a first cover plate;
2: a bearing device;
3: a second cover plate;
4: a first annular seal ring;
5: a second annular seal ring;
6: a threaded barrel;
7: an upper locking cover plate;
8: an annular seal ring;
9: an annular rubber water bag;
10: a first annular steel jacket;
11: a third annular seal ring;
12: a second annular steel jacket;
13: a fourth annular seal ring;
14: a lower locking cover plate;
15: the outer edge is preset with screw threads;
16: a detachable simulation pipe column;
17: coating a leather cup;
18: an annular gasket;
19: pressing the cap;
20: tabletting;
21: a first through-hole core;
22: a middle leather cup;
23: a fifth annular seal ring;
24: a leather cup at the bottom end;
25: thickening the baffle;
26: a threaded push cylinder;
27: a miniature detachable hydraulic rotating head;
28: a wellbore;
29: a second pressure control one-way valve;
30: a first metering device;
31: a first intermediate container;
32: a first advection pump;
33: a waste liquid tank;
34: a first normal valve;
35: a first pressure control check valve;
36: a second advection pump;
37: a second intermediate container;
38: a second normal valve;
39: a third normal valve;
40: a third pressure control check valve;
41: a second metering device;
42: a second annular rubber water bag;
43: a second through-hole core;
44: a leather cup;
45: a first gasket;
46: a bearing outer ring steel ring;
47: a ball bearing;
48: a second gasket;
49: and (5) specially manufacturing an inner ring steel ring of the bearing.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dynamic fluid loss measuring apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a first annular steel jacket 10 and a first annular rubber water bladder 9 are combined into a first pressure chamber outside a first through-hole core 21; the second annular steel sleeve 12 and the second annular rubber water bag 42 are combined to form a second pressure chamber outside the second through hole core 43; the first through hole core 21 and the second through hole core 43 are positioned inside the shaft 28; the first pressure control check valve 35, the second pressure control check valve 29 and the third pressure control check valve 40 can set pressure to simulate various corresponding pressure systems when working fluid flows in a wellbore. The first intermediate container 31 ensures the stable pumping of the working fluid, and the first flat-flow pump 32 is used as a power system to provide pressure to push the working fluid to be pumped; the second intermediate reservoir 37 ensures smooth pumping of water and the second pump 36 provides pressure to propel the water pump as a power system.
A first perforated prefabricated thread is arranged in the middle of the first cover plate 1; the second cover plate 3 is provided with a circulating pipeline, and the bearing device 2 is arranged in the middle; a second perforated prefabricated thread is arranged in the middle of the bearing device 2; a second annular sealing ring 5 is arranged between the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 3 for connection; the second cover plate 3 is arranged above the shaft 28; the detachable simulation pipe column 16 is hollow, is vertically arranged in the middle of the shaft 28, and is in threaded connection with a pipeline outside the shaft 28 through a first perforation preformed thread and a second perforation preformed thread; the lowest end of the detachable simulation pipe column 16 is provided with a miniature detachable hydraulic rotating head 27; the rotating head is hollow; the cover plate 3 is in threaded connection with a threaded cylinder 6 of the shaft 28 and is sealed by a first annular sealing ring 4. The lower end of the threaded cylinder 6 is in threaded connection with a locking cover plate 7 on the first pressure chamber and forms a seal with the upper leather bowl 17. A test core 21 is placed between the upper leather cup 17 and the middle leather cup 22, the test core can be expanded as a main test area, the middle leather cup 22 is a middle leather cup and can divide the core and a rubber water bag to simulate various stratum conditions.
The annular steel jacket in the shaft 28 comprises a first annular steel jacket 10 and a second annular steel jacket 12, and the first annular steel jacket 10 is provided with a first liquid inlet port and a first liquid outlet port; the second annular steel sleeve 12 is provided with a second liquid inlet port and a second liquid outlet port; the first inlet port is connected to a second intermediate container 37 through a second common valve 38; the second inlet port is connected to a second intermediate container 37 through a third common valve 39; the first liquid outlet port is connected with a first metering device 30 through a second pressure control one-way valve 29; the second liquid outlet port is connected with a second metering device 41 through a third pressure control one-way valve 40; in order to ensure the connection tightness of the first annular steel sleeve 10 and the first annular rubber water bag 9, an annular sealing ring 8, an annular gasket 18, a pressure cap 19 with threads and a pressure sheet 20 are arranged between the first annular steel sleeve and the first annular rubber water bag, and the threads of the first liquid inlet port are connected with the pressure cap 19 to form a pressurizing closed loop; the third ring seal 11 seals the connecting surface between the ring steel sleeve 10 and the ring steel sleeve 12, and ensures that the pressure chamber can bear high pressure, wherein the first liquid outlet port, the second liquid inlet port and the second liquid outlet port are all provided with a pressing cap and a pressing sheet with threads, which are not described again.
The inlet end of the first pressure control one-way valve 35 is connected with the well bore 28 through a flow pipeline; the outlet end of the first pressure control one-way valve 35 is connected with the waste liquid pool 33; the first pressure control check valve 35, the second pressure control check valve 29 and the third pressure control check valve 40 are used for determining the upper pressure limit in the wellbore 28; the first flat flow pump 32 is connected to the first intermediate tank 31, and the first intermediate tank 31 is connected to an inlet end of a first normal valve 34; the outlet end of the first normal valve 34 is connected with the detachable simulation pipe string 16 through pipeline threads; the second flat flow pump 36 is connected to a second intermediate tank 37; the second intermediate container 37 is connected with the shaft 28 through a second common valve 38 and a third common valve 39; as the wellbore 28 is filled with the working fluid, a measure of fluid loss is determined via the fluid loss treatment, the fluid loss treatment being indicative of the effect of the working fluid on the formation at the set pressure system.
The bottom cup 24 has the function of sealing and fixing the core position. A thickened baffle plate 25 is arranged at the lower end of a bottom end leather cup 24, a sealing system is formed by a fourth annular sealing ring 13 and a pressure chamber lower locking cover plate 14, the pressure chamber lower locking cover plate 14 is connected with an annular steel sleeve 12 through threads, and a fifth annular sealing ring 23 is used for sealing the joint; the threaded pusher 26 is threadedly connected to the lower lock cover 14 of the pressure chamber and the upper member is compacted by turning the threaded pusher 26 to form a closed system. The rotating head 27 is a miniature detachable hydraulic rotating head; the first metering device 30 and the second metering device 41 are used for metering the fluid loss filter obtained after fluid loss treatment of the working fluid, and data preparation work is done for subsequent quantitative analysis of the fluid loss condition of the working fluid under a set pressure system. The waste liquid pool 33 pumps out the working liquid after collecting the experiment, and the working liquid is reserved for post-treatment.
In one possible design, the first normal valve 34, the second normal valve 38, the third normal valve 39, the first pressure control check valve 35, the second pressure control check valve 29 and the third pressure control check valve 40 are opened, wherein the pressure value of the first pressure control check valve 35 is preset to be a first pressure threshold value; the pressure values of the second pressure control check valve 29 and the third pressure control check valve 40 are preset to be a second pressure threshold value, and the first pressure threshold value is larger than the second pressure threshold value; for example, the first pressure threshold is 70.7MPa, and the second pressure threshold is 70 MPa; connecting a high pressure gas source interface to the wellbore 28 through a first common valve 34 to inject high pressure gas into the wellbore 28; and water is pumped into the second intermediate tank 37 by the second advection pump 36; when the first pressure of the wellbore 28 is greater than the second pressure of the first pressure chamber, and the first pressure is greater than the third pressure of the second pressure chamber; and closing the first pressure control one-way valve 35, the second pressure control one-way valve 29 and the third pressure control one-way valve 40 to finish the pressure test of the dynamic fluid loss tester until the first pressure reaches the first pressure threshold, the second pressure reaches the second pressure threshold and the third pressure reaches the second pressure threshold.
More specifically, according to the preset third time threshold, it is determined that the absolute error of the first pressure of the wellbore 28 from the first pressure threshold is smaller than or equal to the preset pressure difference, for example, the third time threshold is 10 minutes, the pressure difference is 0.02MPa, and when the pressure difference between the first pressure in the wellbore 28 and the first pressure threshold is kept within 0.02MPa within 10 minutes, the sealing performance in the wellbore 28 is considered to be good.
In one possible design, the wellbore 28 further includes: the M annular steel sleeve, the M annular rubber water bag and the M through hole core; an Mth liquid inlet port and an Mth liquid outlet port are formed in the Mth annular steel sleeve; the outer end of the Mth liquid inlet port is communicated with a second intermediate container; the inner end of the Mth liquid inlet port is communicated with the Mth annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the Mth liquid outlet port is used for being connected with an Mth metering device, the inner end of the Mth liquid outlet port is used for being communicated with an Mth annular rubber water bag, wherein M is an integer larger than 0 and used for flexibly configuring a pressure passage device of the dynamic filtration loss measuring instrument according to the actual situation, and the corresponding detachable simulation pipe column 16 is used for flexibly adjusting and matching the actual height requirement of the shaft 28.
In one possible design, the first through-hole core 21 and the second through-hole core 43 are pretreated with saturated water;
opening the first normal valve 34 and the first pressure control check valve 35; pumping the working fluid into the first intermediate container 31 by the first advection pump 32;
when the working liquid drops into the waste liquid tank 33, stopping pumping the working liquid;
setting the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve 35 as a third pressure threshold value; the pressure values of the second pressure control check valve 29 and the third pressure control check valve 40 are both a fourth pressure threshold value; the third pressure threshold is greater than the fourth pressure threshold;
opening the second common valve 38, the third common valve 39, the second pressure control check valve 29 and the third pressure control check valve 40; pumping the water into the second intermediate container 37 by the second advection pump 36;
when the pressure values of the second pressure control check valve 29 and the third pressure control check valve 40 both reach the fourth pressure threshold value, the second common valve 38 and the third common valve 39 are closed; and the working fluid is pumped into the first intermediate container 31 by the first flat-flow pump 32; and when the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve 35 reaches the third pressure threshold value, reading a first reading of the first metering device 30 and a second reading of the second metering device 41, wherein the first reading and the second reading are both used for representing a metering zero point of the working fluid after filtration treatment under the set pressure system.
In one possible design, the connection of the gas supply end of the high-pressure gas source to the first normal valve 34 is disconnected before the working fluid is pumped into the first intermediate container 31 by the first constant-flow pump 32; the first intermediate container 31 is connected to a first common valve 34.
In one possible design, the third reading of the first metering device 30 and the fourth reading of the second metering device 41 are taken according to a preset first time threshold, for example a first time threshold of 7.5 minutes or 30 minutes; determining a first metric of fluid loss based on the third reading and the first reading; determining a second measure of fluid loss based on the fourth reading and the second reading; and determining the influence of the dynamic working fluid on the formation under the set pressure system according to the first metering value and the second metering value, wherein the first time threshold is flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation.
In one possible design, the first normal valve 34 and the first pressure control check valve 35 are closed; reading a fifth reading of the first metering device and a sixth reading of the second metering device according to a preset second time threshold; determining a third metric value for fluid loss based on the fifth reading and the first reading; determining a fourth metric for the fluid loss fluid based on the sixth reading and the second reading; and determining the influence of the static working fluid on the formation under the set pressure system according to the third metering value and the fourth metering value, wherein the second time threshold is flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation.
The dynamic filtration loss obtained by filtration treatment of the working fluid in the circulating flow process is simulated by the method, and the obtained dynamic filtration loss can be used for qualitatively evaluating the interaction between the rock core and the working fluid, so that data preparation work is provided for judging the invasion depth of the working fluid, observing the thickness of formed mud cakes and knowing whether different discharge volumes can cause rock core collapse at the later stage; meanwhile, the method can also be used for measuring the static filtration loss, so that the dynamic filtration loss or the static filtration loss can be flexibly adjusted by the same measuring instrument according to actual requirements.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fluid loss determinator bearing arrangement shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention; as shown in fig. 2, the bearing device 2 includes a leather cup 44, a first gasket 45, a bearing outer ring steel ring 46, balls 47, a second gasket 48 and a special bearing inner ring steel ring 49; wherein, the bearing outer ring steel ring 46, the ball 47 and the special bearing inner ring steel ring 49 form a special bearing system for realizing the rotation of the detachable simulation pipe column 16; the leather cup 44 is used for realizing sealing; the first shim 45 and the second shim 48 are used to protect the specialty bearing system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an annular rubber water bladder of a fluid loss meter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; as shown in FIG. 3, the left side 3a is a plan view of the annular rubber water bladder 9; the right side 3b is a side view of the annular rubber water bladder 9.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the epithelial bowl of a fluid loss meter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 4, the left side 4a is a top view of the epithelial bowl 17; the right side 4b is a cross-sectional view of the epithelial bowl 17.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a central cup of a fluid loss apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; as shown in FIG. 5, the left side 5a is a top view of the middle cup 22; the middle 5b is a side view of the middle cup 22; the right side 5c shows a cross-sectional view of the middle cup 22.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bottom cup of a fluid loss meter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; as shown in FIG. 6, the left side 6a is a top view of the bottom cup 24; the right side 6b is a cross-sectional view of the bottom cup 24.
The invention provides a measuring instrument for the amount of dynamic fluid loss, which comprises: the device comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a bearing device, a detachable simulation pipe column, a shaft, a first flat flow pump, a first intermediate container, a first common valve, a second flat flow pump, a second intermediate container, a second common valve, a third common valve, a first pressure control one-way valve, a second pressure control one-way valve and a third pressure control one-way valve; the first flat flow pump is connected with a first intermediate container, and the first intermediate container is connected with the inlet end of the first common valve; the outlet end of the first common valve is connected with the detachable simulation pipe column through pipeline threads; the second flat flow pump is connected with the second intermediate container; and setting by new assembly to a wellbore comprising: the core comprises a first annular steel sleeve, a second annular steel sleeve, a first annular rubber water bag, a second annular rubber water bag, a first through hole core and a second through hole core; the first annular steel sleeve and the first annular rubber water bag are combined into a first pressure chamber outside the first through hole core; the second annular steel sleeve and the second annular rubber water bag are combined into a second pressure chamber outside the second through hole core; the first through hole core and the second through hole core are positioned on the inner side of the shaft; a first liquid inlet port and a first liquid outlet port are formed in the first annular steel sleeve; a second liquid inlet port and a second liquid outlet port; the outer end of the first liquid inlet port is connected with a second intermediate container through a second common valve; the inner end of the first liquid inlet port is communicated with a first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid inlet port is connected with a second intermediate container through a third common valve; the inner end of the second liquid inlet port is communicated with a second annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the first liquid outlet port is connected with the first metering device through a second pressure control one-way valve; the inner end of the first liquid outlet port is communicated with the first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid outlet port is connected with a second metering device through a third pressure control one-way valve, and the inner end of the second liquid outlet port is used for being communicated with a second annular rubber water bag; the second pressure control one-way valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of the second pressure of the first pressure chamber; and the third pressure control one-way valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of the third pressure of the second pressure chamber, a bearing device is arranged in the second cover plate above the shaft to realize the rotation of the detachable simulation pipe column in the shaft, and when working fluid is injected into the shaft, the metering of the filtered fluid is determined through the filtering treatment, so that the filtering loss of the drilling fluid can be determined under the state that the drilling fluid circularly flows. The dynamic filtration loss measuring instrument and the method provided by the invention have the advantages that 1) the universality is strong, various combinations can be carried out, various experimental parameters can be measured, and the application range is wide; 2) the operation is simple, and the pressure system of the pump control equipment can be started and stopped only after the pressure is preset and adjusted; 3) the simulation effect is accurate, the simulation is carried out based on the flowing condition of fluid in the shaft, the simulation is more fit with the actual working condition, and the interaction between the working fluid and the stratum can be reflected more truly, so that the data base work is made for the subsequent quantitative and qualitative analysis; 4) the cost is low, and all the accessories are mostly assembled parts, so that batch production can be carried out.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "axial", "circumferential", and the like, as used herein, indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the position or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be of particular construction and operation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, such as through internal communication or through an interaction between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A dynamic fluid loss measuring apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a bearing device, a detachable simulation pipe column, a shaft, a first flat flow pump, a first intermediate container, a first common valve, a second flat flow pump, a second intermediate container, a second common valve, a third common valve, a first pressure control one-way valve, a second pressure control one-way valve, a third pressure control one-way valve, a first metering device and a second metering device; a first perforated prefabricated thread is arranged in the middle of the first cover plate; the second cover plate is provided with a circulating pipeline, and the bearing device is placed in the middle of the second cover plate; a second perforated prefabricated thread is arranged in the middle of the bearing device; an annular sealing ring is arranged between the first cover plate and the second cover plate for connection; the first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged above the shaft; the detachable simulation pipe column is hollow and is vertically arranged in the middle of the shaft, and is in threaded connection with a pipeline outside the shaft through the first perforation preformed thread and the second perforation preformed thread; the lowest end of the detachable simulation pipe column is a miniature detachable hydraulic rotating head; the rotating head is hollow;
the first flat flow pump is connected with the first intermediate container, and the first intermediate container is connected with the inlet end of the first common valve; the outlet end of the first common valve is connected with the detachable simulation pipe column through the pipeline threads; the second flat flow pump is connected with the second intermediate container; the second intermediate container is connected with the well bore through the second common valve and the third common valve;
the inlet end of the first pressure control one-way valve is connected with the wellbore through the flow pipeline; the outlet end of the first pressure control one-way valve is connected with a waste liquid pool; the first pressure control one-way valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of a first pressure in the well bore;
the wellbore includes: the core comprises a first annular steel sleeve, a second annular steel sleeve, a first annular rubber water bag, a second annular rubber water bag, a first through hole core and a second through hole core; the first annular steel sleeve and the first annular rubber water bag form a first pressure chamber outside the first through hole core; the second annular steel sleeve and the second annular rubber water bag are combined into a second pressure chamber outside the second through hole core; the first through hole core and the second through hole core are positioned on the inner side of the shaft;
the first annular steel sleeve is provided with a first liquid inlet port and a first liquid outlet port; a second liquid inlet port and a second liquid outlet port are formed in the second annular steel sleeve; the outer end of the first liquid inlet port is connected with the second intermediate container through the second common valve;
the inner end of the first liquid inlet port is communicated with the first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid inlet port is connected with the second intermediate container through the third common valve, and the inner end of the second liquid inlet port is communicated with the second annular rubber water bag;
the outer end of the first liquid outlet port is connected with the first metering device through the second pressure control one-way valve, and the inner end of the first liquid outlet port is communicated with the first annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the second liquid outlet port is connected with the second metering device through the third pressure control one-way valve, and the inner end of the second liquid outlet port is communicated with the second annular rubber water bag; the second pressure control one-way valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of the second pressure of the first pressure chamber; the third pressure control check valve is used for determining the upper pressure limit of the third pressure of the second pressure chamber;
the wellbore further comprises: the M annular steel sleeve, the M annular rubber water bag and the M through hole core; an Mth liquid inlet port and an Mth liquid outlet port are formed in the Mth annular steel sleeve; the outer end of the Mth liquid inlet port is communicated with the second intermediate container; the inner end of the Mth liquid inlet port is communicated with the Mth annular rubber water bag; the outer end of the Mth liquid outlet port is used for being connected with an Mth metering device, the inner end of the Mth liquid outlet port is used for being communicated with the Mth annular rubber water bag, wherein M is an integer larger than 0;
when a working fluid is injected into the wellbore, a measure of fluid loss is determined via a fluid loss treatment, the fluid loss treatment being indicative of an effect of the working fluid on the formation at a set pressure system.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bearing assembly comprises an outer ring steel ring, balls, a special inner ring steel ring, a cup, and a gasket; the special bearing system is composed of the bearing outer ring steel ring, the balls and the special bearing inner ring steel ring and is used for realizing the rotation of the detachable simulation pipe column; the leather cup is used for realizing sealing; the shim is used to protect the tailored bearing system.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein prior to determining the measure of fluid loss via fluid loss processing when injecting a treatment fluid into the wellbore, further comprises: opening the first common valve, the second common valve, the third common valve, the first pressure control one-way valve, the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve, wherein the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve is preset to be a first pressure threshold value; the pressure values of the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve are preset to be a second pressure threshold value; the first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold;
connecting a high-pressure gas source interface with the wellbore through the first common valve to inject high-pressure gas into the wellbore; and pumping water into the second intermediate vessel by the second advection pump;
when the first pressure of the wellbore is greater than the second pressure of the first pressure chamber, and the first pressure is greater than the third pressure of the second pressure chamber; and closing the first pressure control one-way valve, the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve to finish the pressure test of the dynamic filtration loss tester until the first pressure reaches the first pressure threshold, the second pressure reaches the second pressure threshold and the third pressure reaches the second pressure threshold.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the fluid loss measurement apparatus further comprises, prior to determining a measure of fluid loss via a fluid loss treatment when injecting a treatment fluid into the wellbore: performing saturated water pretreatment on the first through hole core and the second through hole core;
opening the first common valve and the first pressure control one-way valve; pumping the working fluid into the first intermediate container by the first advection pump;
stopping pumping the working liquid when the working liquid drops into the waste liquid pool;
setting the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve as a third pressure threshold value; the pressure values of the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve are both a fourth pressure threshold value; the third pressure threshold is greater than the fourth pressure threshold;
opening the second common valve, the third common valve, the second pressure control check valve and the third pressure control check valve; pumping the water into the second intermediate vessel by the second advection pump;
when the pressure values of the second pressure control one-way valve and the third pressure control one-way valve reach the fourth pressure threshold value, closing the second common valve and the third common valve; pumping the working fluid into the first intermediate container through the first flat-flow pump; and reading a first reading of the first metering device and a second reading of the second metering device until the pressure value of the first pressure control one-way valve reaches the third pressure threshold, wherein the first reading and the second reading are both used for representing a metering zero point of the working fluid after filtration treatment under the set pressure system.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said determining a measure of fluid loss via a fluid loss treatment when injecting a working fluid into the wellbore comprises:
reading a third reading of the first metering device and a fourth reading of the second metering device according to a preset first time threshold;
determining a first metric of the fluid loss from the third reading and the first reading;
determining a second metric of the fluid loss fluid based on the fourth reading and the second reading;
and determining the influence of the dynamic working fluid on the stratum under the set pressure system according to the first metering value and the second metering value.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fluid loss measurement is determined via a fluid loss treatment when a fluid is injected into the wellbore, further comprising:
closing the first normal valve and the first pressure control one-way valve;
reading a fifth reading of the first metering device and a sixth reading of the second metering device according to a preset second time threshold;
determining a third metric value for the fluid loss based on the fifth reading and the first reading;
determining a fourth metric for the fluid loss fluid based on the sixth reading and the second reading;
and determining the influence of the static working fluid on the stratum under the set pressure system according to the third metering value and the fourth metering value.
7. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising, after closing the first, second, and third pressure-controlling check valves:
determining the first pressure according to a preset third time threshold; the absolute error between the first pressure and the first pressure threshold is less than or equal to a preset pressure difference value.
8. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising, prior to pumping the working fluid into the first intermediate reservoir via the first pump, a pump assembly configured to:
disconnecting the gas supply end of the high-pressure gas source from the first common valve;
connecting the first intermediate container with the first common valve.
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