CN109236269B - Device and method for testing influence of water channeling on well cementation quality - Google Patents
Device and method for testing influence of water channeling on well cementation quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN109236269B CN109236269B CN201710546696.1A CN201710546696A CN109236269B CN 109236269 B CN109236269 B CN 109236269B CN 201710546696 A CN201710546696 A CN 201710546696A CN 109236269 B CN109236269 B CN 109236269B
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- sleeve
- constant temperature
- cement
- well cementation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/007—Measuring stresses in a pipe string or casing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the influence of water channeling on well cementation quality, and belongs to the technical field of oil-gas field well cementation. The device for testing the cement channeling influence on the well cementation quality comprises a sleeve, a constant temperature pool, a loop, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the water channeling process during the well cementation waiting period is simulated, the sleeve filled with cement paste is placed in the constant temperature pool filled with liquid with constant temperature, the sleeve is placed for preset time, after the preset time, the sleeve is taken out from the constant temperature pool, the cement paste is solidified into cement in a cylinder, the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement is obtained by a press machine, the interface cementation strength is further obtained, the well cementation quality under the influence of the water channeling is quantitatively analyzed and evaluated by the aid of the interface cementation strength, and according to the evaluation result, the optimization of the well cementation annular slurry column structure can be realized, so that the well cementation construction on site is guided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas field well cementation, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the influence of water channeling on well cementation quality.
Background
The reservoir of the oilfield water injection development block is developed by long-term water injection, and an atmospheric pressure layer, a low pressure layer and a high pressure water layer exist in the same open hole section, so that stratum water of the high pressure water layer easily flows into an annulus in the well cementation waiting period, namely water channeling occurs, the stratum water erodes or bypasses cement paste, a micro annular gap is generated at a cementing interface of cement and a well wall, and the well cementation quality is influenced. The method is used for testing and evaluating the influence of the water channeling degree of cement slurry in the waiting period in the annular space on the well cementation quality, and is a key for ensuring the well cementation construction safety and improving the well cementation quality of a water injection development block.
In the prior art, no related testing device and method exist for influencing the well cementation quality of water channeling of a water flooding development block.
In carrying out the invention, the present inventors have found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art:
because the prior art does not have the device and the method for testing the water channeling influence on the well cementation quality of the water injection development block, quantitative evaluation can not be carried out on the condition that the water channeling influence on the well cementation quality before actual operation, in actual well conditions, if the same well Duan Nacun is in a high-pressure water layer, a normal-pressure layer and a low-pressure layer, the high well cementation annular slurry column pressure at the bottom of the well is easy to leak the low-pressure layer while the high-pressure water layer is stabilized, so that well leakage occurs in the well cementation process, cement is not enough to return, and an oil well is seriously scrapped.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a device and a method for testing the cementing quality influenced by water channeling, which can be used for quantitatively analyzing the cementing quality under the influence of water channeling so as to guide the on-site cementing construction.
Specifically, the method comprises the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, a testing device for water channeling affecting well cementation quality, the testing device comprising: the device comprises a sleeve, a thermostatic bath, a loop, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein,
the sleeve comprises a cylinder body, an upper cylinder cover and a lower cylinder cover, wherein the upper cylinder cover is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body, and the lower cylinder cover is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body;
the annular sleeve is sleeved on the cylinder body, and an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the annular sleeve so as to form an annular space between the outer wall of the cylinder body and the inner wall of the annular sleeve;
the sleeve sleeved with the ring sleeve is vertically arranged in the constant temperature pond;
the cylinder body is provided with at least one first through hole which enables the inner cavity of the cylinder body to be communicated with the annular space;
the annular sleeve is provided with a second through hole, and the first pipeline is connected to the second through hole and communicated with the annular space; the upper cylinder cover is provided with a third through hole, and the second pipeline is connected to the third through hole and communicated with the inside of the cylinder body.
Further, the first through hole is filled with a dense material capable of passing water.
Further, the testing device further comprises a constant pressure pump, and the constant pressure pump is connected with the first pipeline.
Further, the testing device further comprises a first valve and a second valve, wherein the first valve is arranged on the first pipeline, and the second valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
Further, an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body, an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the ring sleeve, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread.
Further, a bump is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body at a preset position, and the bump is used for blocking the ring sleeve from moving downwards.
Further, the constant temperature pool is filled with liquid with constant temperature, and the value range of the constant temperature is 50-95 ℃.
Further, the extension line of the outer cover surface of the upper cylinder cover is lower than the horizontal line of the pool edge of the constant temperature pool.
On the other hand, a method for testing the cement quality influenced by water channeling, which is applied to the device for testing the cement quality influenced by water channeling, comprises the following steps:
placing the sleeve filled with cement paste in the constant temperature tank filled with liquid with constant temperature, and placing for preset time;
after the preset time, taking out the sleeve from the constant temperature pool, wherein the cement slurry is solidified into cement in the cylinder;
obtaining shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement by using a press;
and obtaining the interfacial cementing strength according to the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement.
Further, before the sleeve containing cement slurry is placed in the constant temperature tank filled with liquid at constant temperature, the method further comprises: and injecting formation water into the cylinder body which is filled with cement paste in advance from the first pipeline through the annular space under the preset pump pressure.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device for testing the influence of water channeling on the well cementation quality is characterized in that a water channeling process during the well cementation waiting period is simulated by using a testing device consisting of a sleeve, a constant temperature pool, a loop, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the sleeve filled with cement paste is placed in the constant temperature pool filled with liquid with constant temperature, the sleeve is placed for a preset time, after the preset time, the sleeve is taken out from the constant temperature pool, the cement paste is solidified into cement in a cylinder, a shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement is obtained by using a press machine, the interface cementation strength is further obtained, the quantitative analysis and the evaluation of the well cementation quality under the influence of the water channeling are realized by using the interface cementation strength, and the optimization of a well cementation annular slurry column structure can be realized according to the evaluation result so as to guide the on-site well cementation construction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing device for water channeling affecting well cementation quality according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for testing the influence of water channeling on the well cementation quality according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings are respectively expressed as:
1. a sleeve;
1-1, a cylinder;
1-2, a lower cylinder cover;
1-3, upper cylinder cover;
1-4, a third through hole;
1-5, a first through hole;
2. a ring sleeve;
2-1, an annular groove;
2-2, second through holes;
3. a constant temperature pool;
4. a first pipeline;
5. a second pipeline;
6. a first valve;
7. a second valve;
8. constant pressure pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a testing device for water channeling affecting well cementation quality, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in figure 1, and the testing device comprises a sleeve 1, a constant temperature pool 3, a loop 2, a first pipeline 4 and a second pipeline 5.
The sleeve comprises a cylinder body 1-1, an upper cylinder cover 1-3 and a lower cylinder cover 1-2, wherein the upper cylinder cover 1-3 is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body 1-1, and the lower cylinder cover 1-2 is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body 1-1.
The annular sleeve 2 is sleeved on the cylinder body 1-1, an annular groove 2-1 is arranged on the inner wall of the annular sleeve 2, and an annular space is formed between the outer wall of the cylinder body 1-1 and the inner wall of the annular sleeve 2.
The sleeve 1 sleeved with the ring sleeve 2 is vertically arranged in the constant temperature pond 3.
The cylinder 1-1 is provided with at least one first through hole 1-5 which enables the inner cavity of the cylinder 1-1 to be communicated with the annular space.
The annular sleeve 2 is provided with a second through hole 2-2, and the first pipeline 4 is connected to the second through hole 2-2 and communicated with the annular space; the upper cylinder cover 1-3 is provided with a third through hole 1-4, and the second pipeline 5 is connected to the third through hole 1-4 and communicated with the inside of the cylinder body 1-1.
Therefore, the testing device for the water channeling influence on the well cementation quality provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for quantitatively analyzing the well cementation quality under the influence of the water channeling through the sleeve 1, the constant temperature pool 3, the annular sleeve 2, the first pipeline 4 and the second pipeline 5, so that stratum water can be introduced into the sleeve 1 filled with cement slurry of the constant temperature pool 3 filled with constant temperature liquid, an annular space is formed between the outer wall of the cylinder body 1-1 and the inner wall of the annular sleeve 2 by utilizing the annular groove 2-1 in the annular sleeve 2, a buffer area before the stratum water enters the sleeve 1 is realized, and the water channeling process during the well cementation waiting period is simulated.
In the testing device for the influence of water channeling on the well cementation quality, the first through holes 1-5 are filled with the dense material capable of being filled with water, and the material can be an artificial rock core or a resin material with permeability, so that the first through holes 1-5 have certain permeability, and the value of the permeability is the same as or similar to the value of the stratum permeability, so that the situation that the water channeling influences the well cementation quality in real situations is simulated.
In the testing device for the water channeling effect on the well cementation quality, the testing device comprises the sleeve 1, the constant temperature pool 3, the annular sleeve 2, the first pipeline 4 and the second pipeline 5, the testing device further comprises the constant pressure pump 8, the constant pressure pump 8 is connected with the first pipeline 4, the constant pressure pump 8 can set a pumping pressure, under the condition of the preset pumping pressure, stratum water with the preset pumping pressure is injected into the sleeve 1 through the first pipeline 4, the preset pumping pressure is the difference value between the stratum pressure value at a high-pressure water layer in an actual stratum and the bottom hole pressure value when cement slurry in a shaft is in a 'weightlessness', wherein the stratum pressure value at the high-pressure water layer in the actual stratum is obtained through field testing, and the bottom hole pressure value when cement slurry in the shaft is in the 'weightlessness' is obtained through calculation.
Meanwhile, the testing device also comprises a first valve 6 and a second valve 7, wherein the first valve 6 is arranged on the first pipeline 4 and is used for controlling the communication of the first pipeline 4; the second valve 7 is disposed on the second pipeline 5 and is used for controlling the communication of the second pipeline 5, so that when the test starts, the constant pressure pump 8 can inject formation water into the sleeve 1 containing cement slurry by opening the first valve 6 and the second valve 7, and when the PH value of the mixture flowing out of the second pipeline 5 is equal to 7, the first valve 6 and the second valve 7 are closed, so that the waiting coagulation of the sleeve 1 containing cement slurry can be realized.
In the testing device for the water channeling influence on the well cementation quality, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the outer wall of the cylinder body 1-1 is provided with the external thread, the inner wall of the annular sleeve 2 is provided with the internal thread, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread, so that the annular sleeve 2 can rotate from the upper end of the cylinder body 1-1 to a preset position, and the preset position can be positioned at the middle lower part of the cylinder body 1-1.
It should be noted that, the outer wall of the cylinder 1-1 is provided with a bump at a preset position, and the bump is used for blocking the ring sleeve 2 from moving downwards, so that the positions of the cylinder 1-1 and the ring sleeve 2 can be ensured to be relatively fixed.
In the testing device for the water channeling influence on the well cementation quality, the upper cylinder cover 1-3 and the cylinder body 1-1, and the lower cylinder cover 1-2 and the cylinder body 1-1 can be connected through screw threads.
In the testing device for the water channeling influence on the well cementation quality, the constant temperature pool 8 is filled with the liquid with constant temperature, the value range of the constant temperature is 50-95 ℃, the waiting solidification of the sleeve 1 filled with cement paste is ensured to be carried out at the stratum temperature, and the well cementation condition under the actual stratum water channeling influence can be truly simulated.
In the testing device for the water channeling influence on the well cementation quality, the extension line of the outer cover surface of the upper cylinder cover 1-3 is lower than the horizontal line of the pool edge of the constant temperature pool 3, so that the whole sleeve 1 is positioned in the constant temperature pool 3, and the cement slurry in the sleeve 1 is ensured to be waiting to be coagulated at the stratum temperature.
In the actual use process, the operation of the testing device is realized in six steps, and the method is as follows:
firstly, connecting a lower cylinder cover 1-2 with a cylinder body 1-1, ensuring tight sealing between the lower cylinder cover 1-2 and the cylinder body 1-1, pouring drilling fluid into the cylinder body 1-1, filling the cylinder body 1-1 with the drilling fluid, pouring out the drilling fluid, ensuring that part of the drilling fluid can realize wall hanging, naturally airing for 5 minutes, and pouring cement slurry into the cylinder body 1-1.
Second, the ring sleeve 2 is rotated to a preset position from the upper end of the cylinder body 1-1, and the upper cylinder cover 1-3 is connected with the cylinder body 1-1 to form the complete sleeve 1.
Thirdly, connecting the first pipeline 4 with the annular sleeve 2 through the second through hole 2-2, and connecting the first pipeline 4 with the constant pressure pump 8; the second pipeline 5 is connected with the upper cylinder cover 1-3 through the third through hole 1-4.
Fourth, the assembled device comprising sleeve 1, collar 2, first line 4 and second line 5 is placed into the thermostatic bath 3, ensuring that sleeve 1 is placed upright in thermostatic bath 3.
Fifth, the first valve 6 and the second valve 7 are opened so that formation water in the constant pressure pump flows from the first line 4 into the annular space.
Sixth, when it is detected that the pH of the mixture flowing out of the second line 5 is 7, the first valve 6 and the second valve 7 are closed and left for a preset time.
Example two
The embodiment provides a method for testing the cement quality influenced by water channeling, which is implemented by using a device for testing the cement quality influenced by water channeling, wherein the flow of the testing method is shown in a figure 2, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 101: the sleeve filled with cement paste is placed in a constant temperature tank filled with liquid with constant temperature and is placed for a preset time.
Before this step, under the preset pump pressure, the stratum water is injected into the cylinder body which is filled with cement paste in advance from the first pipeline through the annular space, the mixture of the stratum water and the cement paste can flow out from the second pipeline, the PH value of the mixture is detected at the outlet of the second pipeline, as the cement paste is alkaline, namely the PH value is greater than 7, when the PH value of the mixture flowing out from the second pipeline is equal to 7, the cement paste is determined to have influenced the well cementation, at the moment, the first valve 6 and the second valve 7 are closed, so that the mixture of the cement paste and the stratum water is waiting to be coagulated in the sleeve 1, and the waiting coagulation state is waiting to be the waiting coagulation under the influence of the water paste.
It should be noted that, the preset pumping pressure value is a difference value between a formation pressure value at a high-pressure water layer in an actual formation and a bottom hole pressure value when cement slurry in a shaft is "weightless", wherein the value of the formation pressure value at the high-pressure water layer in the actual formation is obtained by field test, and the bottom hole pressure value when cement slurry in the shaft is "weightless" is obtained by calculation.
Specifically, the sleeve filled with cement paste in the waiting state is placed in a constant temperature pool filled with constant temperature liquid, well cementation in the stratum state is simulated, the preset time is placed, the value range of the preset time is 24-72 hours, and the solidification of the cement paste in the cylinder is ensured.
Step 102: after a preset time, the sleeve is removed from the thermostatic bath, wherein the cement slurry sets to cement in the cylinder.
Step 103: and (5) obtaining the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement by using a press.
Specifically, the upper cylinder cover, the lower cylinder cover and the annular sleeve are removed, only the cylinder body solidified with cement is left, a solid cylinder with the radius identical to the inner diameter of the cylinder body is selected to be placed below the cylinder body, and the solid cylinder and the cylinder body are placed on a press together.
And the solid cylinder and the cylinder body are applied with pressure from bottom to top by using a press, and when the solidified cement is separated from the cylinder body, the pressure peak value measured by the press is the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder body and the cement.
Step 104: and obtaining the interfacial cementing strength according to the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement.
Specifically, according to the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement and the inner surface area of the cylinder, calculating the interfacial cementing strength through a formula of the interfacial cementing strength, and quantitatively evaluating the influence degree of water channeling on the well cementation quality through the interfacial cementing strength of the cement in the cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder.
The interfacial bond strength was calculated as follows:
wherein: m is interfacial bond strength, and the unit is Pa; f is the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement, and the unit is N; s is the inner surface area of the cylinder body, and the unit is m 2 。
It should be noted that, by changing the pumping pressure of the constant pressure pump and repeating steps 101-104, the influence of different high-pressure water layer pressures and different slurry column structures on the well cementation quality can be simulated.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the sleeve filled with cement paste is placed in the constant temperature tank filled with liquid with constant temperature, the sleeve is placed for a preset time, and after the preset time, the sleeve is taken out of the constant temperature tank, wherein the cement paste is solidified into cement in the cylinder, a press machine is used for obtaining the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement, so that the interface cementing strength is obtained, quantitative analysis and evaluation of the cementing quality under the influence of water channeling are realized by using the interface cementing strength, and the optimization of the annular space of the cementing slurry column structure can be realized according to the evaluation result, so that the on-site cementing construction is guided.
The foregoing description is only for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A testing device for water channeling affecting well cementation quality, the testing device comprising: the constant temperature pool, the loop, the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the constant pressure pump, wherein,
the sleeve comprises a cylinder body, an upper cylinder cover and a lower cylinder cover, wherein the upper cylinder cover is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body, the lower cylinder cover is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder body, and cement paste is contained in the sleeve;
the annular sleeve is sleeved on the cylinder body, and an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the annular sleeve so as to form an annular space between the outer wall of the cylinder body and the inner wall of the annular sleeve;
the sleeve sleeved with the ring sleeve is vertically arranged in the constant temperature pond;
the cylinder body is provided with at least one first through hole which enables the inner cavity of the cylinder body to be communicated with the annular space;
the annular sleeve is provided with a second through hole, the first pipeline is connected to the second through hole and communicated with the annular space, and the first pipeline is used for introducing stratum water into the sleeve;
the upper cylinder cover is provided with a third through hole, the second pipeline is connected to the third through hole and communicated with the inside of the cylinder body, and the second pipeline is used for enabling the mixture of the cement paste and the formation water to flow out of the sleeve;
the constant pressure pump is connected to the first line.
2. The test device of claim 1, wherein the first through-hole is filled with a water-permeable dense material.
3. The test device of claim 1, further comprising a first valve disposed on the first line and a second valve disposed on the second line.
4. The test device of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the barrel is provided with external threads and the inner wall of the collar is provided with internal threads, the internal threads mating with the external threads.
5. The test device of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the barrel is provided with a protrusion at a predetermined location, the protrusion being configured to block the collar from moving downward.
6. The test device of claim 1, wherein the constant temperature cell is filled with a liquid of a constant temperature ranging from 50 to 95 ℃.
7. The test device of claim 1, wherein the outer lid surface of the upper lid extends below a horizontal line along which the pool of the thermostatic pool is located.
8. A method for testing the quality of well cementation by water channeling, characterized in that the device for testing the quality of well cementation by water channeling according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is applied, and the method comprises the following steps:
placing the sleeve filled with cement paste in the constant temperature tank filled with liquid with constant temperature, and placing for preset time;
after the preset time, taking out the sleeve from the constant temperature pool, wherein the cement slurry is solidified into cement in the cylinder;
obtaining shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement by using a press;
and obtaining the interfacial cementing strength according to the shearing force between the inner wall of the cylinder and the cement.
9. The method of testing of claim 8, wherein prior to placing the sleeve containing cement slurry in the constant temperature cell filled with a liquid of constant temperature, the method further comprises: and injecting formation water into the cylinder body which is filled with cement paste in advance from the first pipeline through the annular space under the preset pump pressure.
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| CN110376360B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2022-07-19 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Device for testing water channeling prevention performance of cement slurry |
| CN111691874B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2023-11-21 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Cement paste water channeling prevention effect evaluation device and evaluation method |
| CN112881265B (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-04-12 | 西南石油大学 | Quantitative in-situ evaluation method for pore connectivity in well cementation cement slurry solidification process |
| CN113075265B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-02-08 | 西南石油大学 | Method for rapidly and quantitatively testing water invasion resistance of cement slurry |
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