RU2775362C1 - Method for construction of sinusoidal piling wall - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal sheet piles and sheet piles made from them and can be used in hydraulic engineering in the construction of sea and river berths, as well as in construction in the construction of various purpose retaining walls in the ground, which do not require additional reinforcement. The method for erecting a sinusoidal sheet pile wall is characterized in that the sheet pile wall is assembled from sheet piles, which are a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by its longitudinal section, where on the side edges of the body, elements of the interlocking connection are fixed, which connect the sheet piles. In the middle part of sheet piles, pads are welded from the inside, each of which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut of the same diameter as used in a sheet pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment.

EFFECT: providing a simplification of the process of erecting a sinusoidal sheet pile wall that does not require additional reinforcement, reducing the problem of changing the diameter of piles under loads, that is, the problem of ovality, ensuring a reduction in material costs during the construction of a sheet pile wall.

4 cl, 7 dwg, 7 tbl

Description

The invention relates to metal sheet piles and sheet piles made from them and can be used in hydraulic engineering in the construction of sea and river berths, as well as in construction in the construction of various purpose retaining walls in the ground, which do not require additional reinforcement.

Known metal sheet piles of various configurations.

Known sheet pile wall, described in the patent RU59083U, publ.: 12/10/2006), containing sheet piles of pipes with welded to them sheet piles and T-shaped sheet piles placed in the internal cavities of the sheet piles of adjacent piles, characterized in that each of the mentioned The T-shaped protrusion is made of two corner profiles, welded with some shelves to the pipe, and with the other shelves facing in opposite directions, while a gap is formed between the welded shelves of the corner profiles, the size of which is selected from the condition of ensuring the possibility of bending the welded shelves under the influence of external forces within elastic deformation and is not less than 10% of the height of the welded flange.

Known pile, described in the patent RU19542U, publ.: 10.09.2001. The pile body has the form of a cylindrical segment with a central angle of not more than 180°, cut from a round pipe along lines parallel to its axis, that is, obtained by a longitudinal section. A female locking element is attached to one of its side edges, and a male locking element is attached to the other.

The manufacture of piles of such a design, in which a male locking element - a rod must be welded to one edge, and a pipe with a longitudinal slot oriented in a strictly defined way - to the other female element is associated with certain technological difficulties. This is due to the fact that for the formation of each of the longitudinal edges of one pile, its own equipment is needed. The presence of "opposite" locking elements on the same pile complicates the automation of the process.

The wall described in this analogue is assembled from identical sheet piles made of pipe segments, while on one side edge of this pile there are male elements, and on the other edge - female elements.

The specialist understands that in order to increase the strength characteristics of the sheet pile wall, it is required to maximize the area of support. This can be achieved only when forming a wavy wall surface, that is, when installing piles from cylindrical segments with the crests of adjacent piles facing in opposite directions, when the wall in cross section has a sinus-shaped shape (rather than jagged, unidirectional). In this case, to introduce the male element of one pile into the female element of another (adjacent) pile, each second pile taken from a common stack of identical piles must be turned over not only by orienting the crest, but also unfolded along the length, that is, lowered with a different end. For piles with a length of up to 6 meters or more, this causes significant difficulties during installation, and with limited installation sites, it can be completely excluded. Thus, the problems with the manufacturability of the installation of the pile wall stem from the design of the piles used.

Improving the manufacturability of manufacturing and assembly by unifying the shape of the edges of the piles and dividing them into two types of construction is the solution described in patent RU118648U, publ.: 27.07.2012. The solution was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype describes a sheet pile of sinusoidal shape, characterized in that it has a body, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained by its longitudinal section, identical longitudinal female elements of the locking connection are fixed on the side edges of the body.

However, this pile (as in the prototype) is rarely used in this form for the construction of sheet pile walls without reinforcement.

Pipe segments can be reinforced by any element that plays the role of a reinforcing pile: a tee, a beam, segments of the same pipe or other pipes, a strip, a large circle, etc., by analogy with how described in RU59083U.

But reinforcing piles in such ways significantly complicates the process of installing a sheet pile wall, requires high costs for an additional sheet pile, welding and its installation to reinforce the wall.

In addition, there is the so-called "out-of-roundness problem" (change in pile diameter under loads), which occurs due to different loads on different parts of the wall.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate these technical problems.

The technical result is a simplified process of building a sinusoidal sheet piling wall that does not require additional reinforcement, the problem of changing the diameter of piles under loads (the problem of ovality) is reduced, and the cost of materials is reduced when building a sheet piling wall.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed method of erecting a sinusoidal sheet pile wall, characterized in that the sheet pile wall is mounted from sheet piles, which are a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained by its longitudinal section, where on the side edges of the body the locking elements are fixed, with which sheet piles are connected, characterized in that in the middle part of the sheet piles, linings are welded from the inside, each of which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut of the same diameter as used in a sheet pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment .

It is acceptable that when forming a sheet pile, the pile segment is formed at an angle of 90 to 270 degrees.

Preferably, when forming a sheet pile, a segment of the remnant of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained after its longitudinal cut, is used as an overlay, either in its entirety or by longitudinal cutting into equal parts.

Preferably, the patch is end-welded to the inner surface of the pile pipe segment.

Brief description of the drawings

On FIG. 1 shows the principle of connecting the lining to the segment pile.

On FIG. 2 - Fig. 3 shows diagrams comparing sheet pile walls according to the claimed method and sheet pile walls according to the prototype.

On FIG. 4 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 180 degrees.

On FIG. 5 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 270 degrees.

On FIG. 6 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 120 degrees.

On FIG. 7 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 90 degrees.

In the drawings: 1 - sheet pile segment, 2 - lining segment, 3 - welded joint zone, 4 and 5 - socket and ball interlock elements, respectively.

Implementation of the invention

The method of erecting a sinusoidal sheet pile wall is characterized by the fact that the sheet pile wall is mounted from sheet piles (see Fig. 1), which are segment 1 of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained by its longitudinal section, where elements of the locking connection 4 and 5 are fixed on the side edges of the body, which connect the sheet piles 1 to each other.

When mounting the wall, the fixed element of the next pile 1 is inserted into the fixing element of the previous one. During installation, each pile is rotated so that the crests of the segments of adjacent piles are oriented in opposite directions and a wall is formed that is symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry (in section - a sinusoid) - see Fig. 4 - Fig. 7.

What is new is that in the middle part of the sheet piles on their inner side, pads 2 are welded, each of which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut of the same diameter as used in a sheet pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment 1 .

These pads 2 provide a simplified process for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet piling wall that does not require additional reinforcement.

Diagrams comparing sheet pile walls according to the claimed method and sheet pile walls according to the prototype are shown in Fig. 2 - Fig. 3 for different pipe diameters and different loads with the same type of ball-in-socket tool joint.

The diagrams show that the use of overlays 2 makes it possible to achieve such strength characteristics that cannot be achieved by sheet pile walls existing at the given period in their working range of diameters and thicknesses of pipes.

From the diagrams of Fig. 2 - Fig. 3 it follows that for any chosen sheet pile wall solution there will always be a set of solutions with pads, in which each kg of mass m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall will give more units of elastic moment than a commensurate solution for a wall without pads (i.e., as in the prototype).

To drive a padded sheet wall, even with a large diameter, a less powerful driving technique can be used than is required for equal-strength walls without pads, since the padded sheet pile is heavier and easier to drive. Accordingly, this allows a simplified process for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall.

Transportation of compactly packed segmented sheet pile walls with linings is also fast and requires the same amount of transport as transporting prototype sheet piles, since there is no "air transport" as the linings are placed inside the segments of the main sheet pile.

It is important that to obtain the overlay, a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe of the same diameter obtained by a longitudinal cut is used. Since pipes with diameters up to 1420 mm are used for sheet piles, it is possible to apply a lining segment to a pipe without large gaps between the segments (to ensure their tight contact with each other) only in relation to pipe segments of the same diameter.

When applied and welded to the pile, a lining segment on the inside of the pile, and provided that the lining segment has the same diameter as the segment of the pile itself, the lining segment forms a kind of chord on the inside of the pile, which increases the strength of the pile in this area of the segment by analogy with how the elliptical spring gives reinforcement. And this, in turn, reduces the problem of ovality, which may be present in the sheet piles according to the prototype, since the change in the diameter of the piles under loads is significantly reduced by increasing the strength of the pile in the area of the welded segment. The spring effect, which occurs in this case due to the welded segment, allows you to more reliably maintain the shape of the pile.

The practical verification of the claimed solution consisted in the study of more than 5600 solutions of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall with overlays (SSHST-N) inside the main sector. The properties and capabilities of sector sheet pile walls with a reinforcing lining inside the selected pipe sector can be most easily and more clearly demonstrated by replacing well-known and widely used in Russia tubular welded sheet piles (SHTS) with welded locks (prototype).

Initial data and explanations based on the results of the study.

The central pipe angle α (see Fig. 1, Fig. 4 - Fig. 7) uniquely defines the segment of the selected sheet pile for a sinusoidal sheet pile wall with overlays.

The central angle β of the same pipe uniquely defines another segment, which characterizes the reinforcement patch.

An overlay with an angle β reinforces the segment with an angle α.

Conclusions about the properties of solutions depending on the angles α and β are obtained on the basis of the study of solutions for a sinusoidal sheet pile wall with overlays (SSHST-N) from a pipe 1420 × 20 for all angles α and β presented in Table 1.

To study the mutual influence of angles α and β on the parameters of solutions of segmental sheet piles, it is convenient to use the generally accepted coefficient of efficiency (utility) Keff, which simultaneously links two main parameters M kg/m ² and W cm ³ /m.

The coefficient Keff shows how many units of elastic moment are delivered by each kg of mass of 1 m ^{2 of} the wall.

Research results

On the change in the efficiency coefficient with the growth of pile segments and overlay segments.

In all seven studied segments, solutions with zero overlay (β=0) have the lowest efficiency ratio relative to solutions in their segments, which confirms the inefficiency of using segmental solutions in sinusoidal sheet pile walls without overlays (SSHST).

In each segment, the efficiency coefficient of solutions continuously grows along with the growth of the overlap angle β, but only up to a certain value. In each segment, the value of this parameter is individual and depends on the angle α: β=α/2. With a further increase in the overlap angle β, the value of the Keff parameter in the segment under study decreases.

The lowest Keff in each segment will be obtained when the overlap angle β becomes equal to the angle α of the segment under study (α=β).

When comparing two segments with angles α ₁ <α ₂ , all solutions from segment α ₂ are always more efficient than all solutions from segment α ₁ with the same overlays, including even the most efficient solutions from segment α ₁ and inefficient solutions from segment α ₂ (for β =0 and β=α).

On the change in masses and elastic moments with the growth of pile segments and overlay segments.

In each segment, for all solutions with overlays, with an increase in the angle β (for overlays), the elastic moments W (cm ³ /m) and masses m ² (kg/m ² ) only increase.

In each segment, despite the lowest efficiency coefficient, the solution at α=β always has the largest elastic moment W and mass M among the solutions in its segment.

When comparing solutions of two segments with angles α ₁ <α ₂ , all elastic moments and masses of solutions from segment α ₂ are always greater than elastic moments and masses from segment α ₁ with the same overlays, including solutions with angles β=0 and β=α.

The results of the comparison are shown in the diagrams of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, which reflect a comparison of SSHST-N solutions with an internal arrangement of linings and ShTS solutions with pipe diameter D up to 1420 mm and wall thickness t up to 20 mm.

For comparison, STS solutions are selected in their main operating range.

630 ≤ D ≤ 1420; 7 ≤ t ≤ 20

where D are the most common pipe diameters with thicknesses t inherent in each diameter.

Competing SSHST-N solutions with a reinforcing lining inside the pipe sector use the same range of pipe diameters with the same thicknesses t inherent in each diameter.

All competing solutions were obtained in sectors α=90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 270° with reinforcing pads suitable for each sector β=60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210° , 270°.

Comparison in the diagram of FIG. 2 is shown in eternal coordinates W cm ³ /m and M kg/m ² , where W is the reduced elastic moment, M is the mass m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall. The selected coordinates are the main parameters of any sheet pile wall and do not depend on any conjuncture (therefore they are eternal).

Benefits of sector sheet pile walls with overlays inside the pipe sector

The results of the study according to the diagram of Fig. 2 showed that all SShST-N solutions are unique : each solution has its own sector, its own overlay, diameter and thickness of the selected pipe. Each SSST-N solution differs from the other by at least one input parameter.

For any chosen SHTS solution with its own mass M and elastic moment W, there will always be a set of SHST-N solutions with a mass not exceeding M, whose elastic moments are always higher than those of SHTS solutions.

In other words, each STS solution can always be replaced by a set (up to several hundred unique STS-N solutions) that are more efficient than the corresponding compared STS solutions.

From the diagram of Fig. It also follows from Table 2 that each SHTS solution with mass M and elastic moment W can be replaced by a set of SHST-N solutions (in many ways):

with a maximum elastic moment, but with a mass M, as in the STS;

упругим моментом, чем W, но с меньшей массой М;With

elastic moment than W, but with a smaller mass M;

with the same elastic moment W as that of the STS, but with a significantly lower mass.

The ability to replace ShTS solutions with SShST-N solutions in many unique ways provides a wide choice of solutions that are most suitable for the project requirements, which contributes to cost savings.

эффективностью (т.е. меньшей массой), замещая при этом

количество классических шпунтов, чем это возможно с помощью ШТС.It is known that a number of classical sheet piles can be replaced by the solution of the STS. Moreover, this can be done with the help of SShST-N solutions.

efficiency (i.e. less weight), while replacing

the number of classical sheet piles than is possible with the help of PCS.

The use of SSHST-N with reinforcing pads inside the pipe sector makes it possible to achieve such elastic moments (up to 70,000 cm ³ /m) that cannot be achieved with currently existing sheet pile walls of the ShTS.

However, the most important aspect of the advantage of sector sheet piles with an overlay inside the pipe sector is that, unlike ShTS, sector sheet pile walls with overlays (SSHST-N) are open systems, there is no cavity in them, therefore, there is no need to equip concrete plugs with reinforced frame, fill the cavity with special imported soil, solve the problem of burying the extracted soil. All this, in addition to being expensive, requires a lot of time, which, for example, is critical for the conditions of the Arctic.

Since sector sheet pile walls with reinforcing strips are open systems, then for their immersion (even with sectors of large diameters) it is possible to use a less powerful technique than is required for equal-strength walls of the ShTS.

Transportation of compactly packed SSHST-N turns out to be much cheaper than transportation of STS, since there is no “air transportation”, which is typical for ready-made elements of STS sheet piles, which cannot be stacked compactly with each other.

There is no out-of-roundness problem that can be present in PCS.

Unlike known sheet piles of the "sinusoid" type (prototype), sheet piles SShST-N with an overlay inside the main sector allow for multiple use, accelerate and simplify immersion.

It is possible to use an overlay with a variable section, which can significantly save the mass of m ^{2 of} the wall.

Examination according to the results of the chart in FIG. 3 shows the following.

Diagram Fig. 3 is presented in coordinates k _eff =W/M and the parameter M - the mass m ^{2 of} the wall in comparison with the solutions of the STS. The Keff parameter shows how many units of elastic moment are delivered by each kg of mass m ^{2 of} the wall.

From the diagram of Fig. It follows from Table 3 that the maximum efficiency coefficients of the SSST-N solutions are twice as high as the efficiency coefficients of the STS.

From the diagram of Fig. It also follows from Table 3 that any SHTS solution can always be replaced by a set of more efficient SShST-N solutions, i.e. with a higher efficiency ratio than any comparable STS solution.

From the diagram of Fig. It also follows from Table 3 that there are many SSHST-N solutions using small diameter pipes that can replace large diameter STS solutions without reducing the efficiency factor, which also helps to reduce the cost of a sheet pile wall.

Comparative research results

The substitution of STS solutions for SSHST-N solutions with linings inside to minimize the masses m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall was carried out with minimum pipe thicknesses with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced STS solutions.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype of the STS are shown in table 2.

The substitution of STS solutions for SSHST-N solutions with linings inside to minimize the masses m2 ^of the sheet pile wall was carried out at maximum pipe thicknesses with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced STS solutions.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype of the STS are shown in table 3.

The range of weight saving m ^{2 of} a sheet pile wall when replacing the ShTS solutions with sector solutions SSHST-N with an overlay inside with moments W and J not less or of the same order as those of the replaced ShTS solutions is shown in Table 4.

where:

- D - diameters of pipes from the working range in the solutions of the ShTS;

- tmin, tmax - minimum and maximum pipe thicknesses most often encountered in SHTS solutions;

- the values of mass savings per m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall from replacing the SHTS with SShST-N at intermediate values tmin<t<tmax are in the above saving ranges for each pipe diameter.

The substitution of STS solutions for SSHST-N solutions with overlays on the outside to minimize the mass m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall was carried out at maximum pipe thicknesses with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced STS solutions.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype of the STS are shown in table 5.

The replacement was carried out at minimum thicknesses of pipes with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the SHTS solutions to be replaced.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype of the STS are shown in table 6.

The range of weight savings m ^{2 of} a sheet pile wall when replacing ShTS solutions with sector solutions SSHST-N with an overlay on the outside with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced ShTS solutions are shown in Table 7.

where:

- D - diameters of pipes from the working range in the solutions of the ShTS;

- tmin, tmax - minimum and maximum pipe thicknesses most often encountered in SHTS solutions;

- the values of mass savings per m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall from replacing the SHTS with SShST-N at intermediate values tmin<t<tmax are in the above saving ranges for each pipe diameter.

The conducted studies show that the claimed method of erecting a sinusoidal sheet pile wall with overlays provides high-quality reinforcement of the sheet pile wall only due to the optimal selection of the angles of the segments for the pile and the overlay without the need for additional reinforcement. Savings on the mass of m ^{2 of} the wall reaches from 21% to 53.6%, which confirms the result of reducing the cost of materials during the construction of the sheet pile wall.

Claims (4)

1. A method for erecting a sinusoidal sheet pile wall, characterized in that the sheet pile wall is mounted from sheet piles, which are a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by its longitudinal section, where on the side edges of the pile body, elements of the locking connection are fixed, which connect the sheet piles, characterized in that that in the middle part of the sheet piles from the inside, linings are welded, each of which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut of the same diameter as that used in the sheet pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when forming a sheet pile, the pile segment is formed at an angle of 90 to 270 degrees. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when forming a sheet pile, a segment of the remnant of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained after its longitudinal section, is used as an overlay either entirely or by a longitudinal section into equal parts. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lining is butt welded to the inner surface of the pile pipe segment.

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