RU212082U1 - PILE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SINUSOIDAL PILING WALL - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to metal sheet piles and sheet piles made from them and can be used in hydraulic engineering in the construction of sea and river berths, as well as in construction in the construction of various purpose retaining walls in the ground, which do not require additional reinforcement. The technical result is a simplified process of building a sinusoidal sheet piling wall that does not require additional reinforcement, the problem of changing the diameter of piles under loads (the problem of ovality) is reduced, and the cost of materials is reduced when building a sheet piling wall. The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that a pile is claimed for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by its longitudinal section, where elements of the locking connection are fixed on the side edges of the body, characterized in that in the middle part of the pile with its inner On the side, an overlay is welded, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut of the same diameter as that used in the pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment.

Description

The utility model relates to metal sheet piles and sheet piles made from them and can be used in hydraulic engineering in the construction of sea and river berths, as well as in construction in the construction of various purpose retaining walls in the ground, which do not require additional reinforcement.

Known metal sheet piles of various configurations.

Known sheet pile wall, described in the patent RU 59083U, publ.: 12/10/2006, containing sheet piles of pipes with welded to them sheet piles and T-shaped sheet piles placed in the internal cavities of the sheet piles of adjacent piles, characterized in that each mentioned The T-shaped protrusion is made of two corner profiles, welded with some shelves to the pipe, and with the other shelves facing in opposite directions, while a gap is formed between the welded shelves of the corner profiles, the size of which is selected from the condition of ensuring the possibility of bending the welded shelves under the influence of external forces within elastic deformation and is not less than 10% of the height of the welded flange.

Known pile, described in the patent RU 19542U, publ.: 10.09.2001. The pile body has the form of a cylindrical segment with a central angle of not more than 180°, cut from a round pipe along lines parallel to its axis, that is, obtained by a longitudinal section. A female locking element is attached to one of its side edges, and a male locking element is attached to the other.

The manufacture of piles of such a design, in which a male locking element - a rod must be welded to one edge, and a pipe with a longitudinal slot oriented in a strictly defined way - to the other female element is associated with certain technological difficulties. This is due to the fact that for the formation of each of the longitudinal edges of one pile, its own equipment is needed. The presence of "opposite" locking elements on the same pile complicates the automation of the process.

The wall described in this analogue is assembled from identical sheet piles made of pipe segments, while on one side edge of this pile there are male elements, and on the other edge - female elements.

The specialist understands that in order to increase the strength characteristics of the sheet pile wall, it is required to maximize the area of support. This can only be achieved by forming a wavy surface of the wall, that is, by installing piles from cylindrical segments with the crests of adjacent piles facing in opposite directions, when the wall in cross section has a sinus-shaped shape (rather than jagged, unidirectional). In this case, to introduce the male element of one pile into the female element of another (adjacent) pile, each second pile taken from a common stack of identical piles must be turned over not only by orienting the crest, but also unfolded along the length, that is, lowered with a different end. For piles with a length of up to 6 meters or more, this causes significant difficulties during installation, and with limited installation sites, it can be completely excluded. Thus, the problems with the manufacturability of the installation of the pile wall stem from the design of the piles used.

Improving the manufacturability of manufacturing and assembly by unifying the shape of the edges of the piles and dividing them into two types of construction is the solution described in the patent RU 118648U, publ.: 27.07.2012. The solution was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype describes a sheet pile of sinusoidal shape, characterized in that it has a body, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained by its longitudinal section, identical longitudinal female elements of the locking connection are fixed on the side edges of the body.

However, this pile (as in the prototype) is rarely used in this form for the construction of sheet pile walls without reinforcement.

Pipe segments can be reinforced by any element that plays the role of a reinforcing pile: a tee, a beam, segments of the same pipe or other pipes, a strip, a large circle, etc., by analogy with how described in RU 59083U.

But reinforcing piles in such ways significantly complicates the process of installing a sheet pile wall, requires high costs for an additional sheet pile, welding and its installation to reinforce the wall.

In addition, there is the so-called "out-of-roundness problem" (change in pile diameter under loads), which occurs due to different loads on different parts of the wall.

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate these technical problems.

The technical result is a simplified process of building a sinusoidal sheet piling wall that does not require additional reinforcement, the problem of changing the diameter of piles under loads (the problem of ovality) is reduced, and the cost of materials is reduced when building a sheet piling wall.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that a pile is claimed for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by its longitudinal section, where elements of the locking connection are fixed on the side edges of the body, characterized in that in the middle part of the pile with its inner On the side, an overlay is welded, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut of the same diameter as that used in the pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment.

It is acceptable that the pile segment is formed by an angle from 90 to 270 degrees.

Preferably, the patch is end-welded to the inner surface of the pile pipe segment.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the principle of connecting the lining to the segment pile.

Figure 2-3 shows diagrams comparing sheet pile walls according to the claimed method and sheet pile walls according to the prototype.

Figure 4 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 180 degrees.

Figure 5 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 270 degrees.

Figure 6 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 120 degrees.

Figure 7 shows an example of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 90 degrees.

In the drawings: 1 - sheet pile segment, 2 - lining segment, 3 - welded joint zone, 4 and 5 - socket and ball interlock elements, respectively.

Implementation of the utility model

The sheet piling wall is mounted from sheet piles (see figure 1), which is a segment 1 of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained by its longitudinal section, where on the side edges of the body are fixed elements of the lock connection 4 and 5, which connect the sheet piles 1 to each other.

When mounting the wall, the fixed element of the next pile 1 is inserted into the fixing element of the previous one. During installation, each pile is rotated so that the crests of the segments of adjacent piles are oriented in opposite directions, and a wall is formed that is symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry (in section - a sinusoid) - see Fig.4-7.

What is new is that in the middle part of the sheet pile, on its inner side, an overlay 2 is welded, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut of the same diameter as that used in the pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment 1.

These linings 2 provide a simplified process for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall that does not require additional reinforcement.

Comparison diagrams of sheet pile walls according to the claimed solution and sheet pile walls according to the prototype are shown in Figs.

The diagrams show that the use of overlays 2 makes it possible to achieve such strength characteristics that cannot be achieved by sheet pile walls existing at the given period in their working range of diameters and thicknesses of pipes.

From the diagrams of Fig.2 and Fig.3 it follows that for any chosen sheet pile wall solution, there will always be many solutions with overlays, in which each kg of mass m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall will give more units of elastic moment than a comparable solution for a wall without overlays (t .e. as in the prototype).

To drive a padded sheet wall, even with a large diameter, a lower driving technique can be used than is required for equal-strength walls without pads, since the padded sheet pile is heavier and easier to drive. Accordingly, this allows a simplified process for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall.

Transportation of compactly packed segmented sheet pile walls with linings is also fast and requires the same amount of transport as transporting prototype sheet piles, since there is no "air transport" as the linings are placed inside the segments of the main sheet pile.

It is important that to obtain the overlay, a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe of the same diameter obtained by a longitudinal cut is used. Since pipes with diameters up to 1420 mm are used for sheet piles, it is possible to apply a lining segment to a pipe without large gaps between the segments (to ensure their tight contact with each other) only in relation to pipe segments of the same diameter.

When applied and welded to the pile, a lining segment on the inside of the pile, and provided that the lining segment has the same diameter as the segment of the pile itself, the lining segment forms a kind of chord on the inside of the pile, which increases the strength of the pile in this area of the segment by analogy with how the elliptical spring gives reinforcement. And this, in turn, reduces the problem of ovality, which may be present in the sheet piles according to the prototype, since the change in the diameter of the piles under loads is significantly reduced by increasing the strength of the pile in the area of the welded segment. The spring effect, which occurs in this case due to the welded segment, allows you to more reliably maintain the shape of the pile.

The practical verification of the claimed solution consisted in the study of more than 5600 solutions of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall with overlays (SSHST-N) inside the main sector. The properties and capabilities of sector sheet pile walls with a reinforcing lining inside the selected sector of the pipe can be most easily and more clearly demonstrated by replacing the well-known and widely used in Russia pipe welded sheet piles (SHTS) with welded locks (prototype).

Initial data and explanations based on the results of the study.

The central angle of the pipe α (see figure 1, figure 4-7) uniquely defines the segment of the selected sheet pile for a sinusoidal sheet wall with overlays.

The central angle β of the same pipe uniquely defines another segment, which characterizes the reinforcement patch.

An overlay with an angle β reinforces the segment with an angle α.

Conclusions about the properties of solutions depending on the angles α and β are obtained on the basis of the study of solutions for a sinusoidal sheet pile wall with overlays (SSHST-N) from a pipe 1420X20 for all angles α and β presented in Table 1.

Table 1

Segment overlays β
α 0 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 90 X X X 120 X X X X 150 X X X X X 180 X X X X X X 210 X X X X X X X 240 X X X X X X X X 270 X X X X X X X X X

To study the mutual influence of angles α and β on the parameters of solutions of segmental sheet piles, it is convenient to use the generally accepted coefficient of efficiency (utility) Keff, which simultaneously links two main parameters M kg/m ² and W cm ³ /m.

The coefficient Keff shows how many units of elastic moment are delivered by each kg of mass of 1 m ^{2 of} the wall.

Research results

On the change in the efficiency coefficient with the growth of pile segments and overlay segments.

In all seven studied segments, solutions with zero overlay (β=0) have the lowest efficiency ratio relative to solutions in their segments, which confirms the inefficiency of using segmental solutions in sinusoidal sheet pile walls without overlays (SSHST).

In each segment, the efficiency coefficient of solutions continuously grows along with the growth of the overlap angle β, but only up to a certain value. In each segment, the value of this parameter is individual and depends on the angle α: β=α/2. With a further increase in the overlap angle β, the value of the Keff parameter in the segment under study decreases.

The lowest Keff in each segment will be obtained when the overlap angle β becomes equal to the angle α of the segment under study (α=β).

When comparing two segments with angles α ₁ <α ₂ , all solutions from segment α ₂ are always more efficient than all solutions from segment α ₁ with the same overlays, including even the most efficient solutions from segment α ₁ and inefficient solutions from segment α ₂ (for β =0 and β=α).

On the change in masses and elastic moments with the growth of pile segments and overlay segments.

In each segment, for all solutions with overlays, with an increase in the angle β (for overlays), the elastic moments W (cm ³ /m) and masses m ² (kg/m ² ) only increase.

In each segment, despite the lowest efficiency coefficient, the solution at α=β always has the largest elastic moment W and mass M among the solutions in its segment.

When comparing solutions of two segments with angles α ₁ <α ₂ , all elastic moments and masses of solutions from segment α ₂ are always greater than elastic moments and masses from segment α ₁ with the same overlays, including solutions with angles β=0 and β=α.

The results of the comparison are shown in the diagrams of figure 2 and figure 3, which reflects a comparison of solutions SShST-N with an internal location of the linings and solutions of the STS with a pipe diameter D up to 1420 mm and a wall thickness t up to 20 mm.

For comparison, STS solutions are selected in their main operating range.

630 ≤ D ≤ 1420; 7 ≤ t ≤ 20

where D are the most common pipe diameters with thicknesses t inherent in each diameter.

Competing SSHST-N solutions with a reinforcing lining inside the pipe sector use the same range of pipe diameters with the same thicknesses t inherent in each diameter.

All competing solutions were obtained in sectors α=90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210°, 270° with reinforcing pads suitable for each sector β=60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210° , 270°.

Comparison in the diagram of figure 2 is shown in the eternal coordinates W cm ³ /m and M kg/m ² where W is the reduced elastic moment, M is the mass m ² sheet pile wall. The selected coordinates are the main parameters of any sheet pile wall and do not depend on any conjuncture (therefore they are eternal).

Benefits of sector sheet pile walls with overlays inside the pipe sector

The results of the study according to the diagram of Fig.2 showed that all solutions of the SSHST-N are unique: each solution has its own sector, its own overlay, diameter and thickness of the selected pipe. Each SSST-N solution differs from the other by at least one input parameter.

For any chosen SHTS solution with its own mass M and elastic moment W, there will always be a set of SShST-N solutions with a mass not exceeding M, whose elastic moments are always higher than those of SHTS solutions.

In other words, each STS solution can always be replaced by a set (up to several hundred unique STS-N solutions) that are more efficient than the corresponding compared STS solutions.

From the diagram of figure 2 it also follows that each solution of the STS with mass M and elastic moment W can be replaced by a set of solutions STS-N (many ways):

with a maximum elastic moment, but with a mass M, as in the STS;

with a larger elastic moment than W, but with a lower mass M;

with the same elastic moment W as that of the STS, but with a significantly lower mass.

The ability to replace ShTS solutions with SShST-N solutions in many unique ways provides a wide choice of solutions that are most suitable for the project requirements, which contributes to cost savings.

It is known that a number of classical sheet piles can be replaced by the solution of the STS. Moreover, this can be done with SSHST-N solutions with greater efficiency (i.e., less weight), while replacing a greater number of classical sheet piles than is possible with the help of STS.

The use of SSHST-N with reinforcing pads inside the pipe sector makes it possible to achieve such elastic moments (up to 70,000 cm ³ /m) that cannot be achieved with currently existing sheet pile walls of the ShTS.

However, the most important aspect of the advantage of sector sheet piles with an overlay inside the pipe sector is that, unlike ShTS, sector sheet pile walls with overlays (SSHST-N) are open systems, they do not have a cavity, therefore, there is no need to equip concrete plugs with a reinforced frame , fill the cavity with special imported soil, solve the problem of burying the extracted soil. All this, in addition to being expensive, requires a lot of time, which, for example, is critical for the conditions of the Arctic.

Since sector sheet pile walls with reinforcing strips are open systems, then for their immersion (even with sectors of large diameters) it is possible to use a less powerful technique than is required for equal-strength walls of the ShTS.

Transportation of compactly packed SSHST-N turns out to be much cheaper than transportation of STS, since there is no “air transportation”, which is typical for ready-made elements of STS sheet piles, which cannot be stacked compactly with each other.

There is no out-of-roundness problem that can be present in PCS.

Unlike known sheet piles of the "sinusoid" type (prototype), sheet piles SShST-N with an overlay inside the main sector allow for multiple use, accelerate and simplify immersion.

It is possible to use an overlay with a variable section, which can significantly save the mass of m ^{2 of} the wall.

An examination of the results of the chart in Fig. 3 shows the following.

The diagram of figure 3 is presented in the coordinates k _eff =W/M and parameter M - mass m ^{2 of} the wall in comparison with the solutions of the STS. The Keff parameter shows how many units of elastic moment are delivered by each kg of mass m ^{2 of} the wall.

From the diagram of figure 3 it follows that the maximum coefficients of efficiency of solutions SShST-N is twice as high as the coefficients of efficiency of the STS.

From the diagram of figure 3 it also follows that any solution of the STS can always be replaced by a set of solutions STS-N more efficient, i.e. with a higher efficiency ratio than any comparable STS solution.

It also follows from the diagram of Figure 3 that there are many SShST-N solutions using small diameter pipes that can replace large diameter STS solutions without reducing the efficiency factor, which also contributes to lowering the cost of a sheet pile wall.

Comparative research results

The substitution of STS solutions for SSHST-N solutions with linings inside to minimize the masses m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall was carried out with minimum pipe thicknesses with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced STS solutions.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype STS are shown in table 2.

table 2

D xt _max ShTS Solutions SShST-N solutions Comparison results M, kg/ ^m2 W cm ³ /m J
cm ⁴ /m M, kg/ ^m2 W, ^cm3 /m J
cm ⁴ /m Saving M, % 630x7 179 3059 96 345 141 3043 101 817 21.5 720x8 201 4039 145 396 146 4631 223 618 27.1 820x9 223 5 226 214 258 201 5 571 246 401 28.4 920x9 223 5 928 272 694 160 5 952 332 161 28.4 1020x9 223 6 631 338 195 161 6 720 430 249 27.6 1120x9 223 7335 410 764 175 6 948 412 151 21.5 1220x9 223 8039 490 399 176 8 640 640 444 21 1320x10 246 9 693 639 766 188 9 563 761 388 23.6 1420x10 246 10 477 743 838 192 9 921 739 372 21.9

The substitution of STS solutions for SSHST-N solutions with linings inside to minimize the masses m2 ^of the sheet pile wall was carried out at maximum pipe thicknesses with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced STS solutions.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype of the STS are shown in table 3.

Table 3

D xt _max ShTS Solutions SShST-N solutions Comparison results M, kg/ ^m2 W cm ³ /m J
cm ⁴ /m M, kg/ ^m2 W cm ³ /m J
cm ⁴ /m Saving M, % 630x14 332 5 916 186 340 160 5 952 332 161 51.9 720x14 333 6 892 248 130 161 6 720 430 249 51.6 820x16 379 9054 371 226 176 8 640 640 444 53.6 920x16 380 10 300 473 801 192 9 921 739 372 49.5 1020x20 471 14 265 727 519 224 13 504 1 247 606 52.5 1120x20 473 15 825 886 197 248 15 098 1 393 574 47.6 1220x20 475 17 387 1 060 585 255 17 575 1 917 264 46.3 1320x20 476 18 950 1 250 676 279 19 913 2172274 41.4 1420x20 477 20 514 1 456 741 279 19 913 2172274 41.5

The range of weight saving m ^{2 of} a sheet pile wall when replacing the ShTS solutions with sector solutions SSHST-N with an overlay inside with moments W and J not less or of the same order as those of the replaced ShTS solutions is shown in Table 4.

Table 4

Mass savings, % tmin, mm D, mm tmax, mm Mass savings, % from 21.5 7 630 fourteen up to 51.9 from 27.1 eight 720 fourteen up to 51.6 from 28.4 9 820 16 up to 53.4 from 28.4 9 920 16 up to 49.5 from 27.6 9 1020 twenty up to 52.5 from 21.5 9 1120 twenty up to 47.6 from 21.0 9 1220 twenty up to 46.3 from 23.6 ten 1320 twenty up to 41.4 from 21.9 ten 1420 twenty up to 41.5

where:

D - pipe diameters from the working range in the solutions of the ShTS;

tmin, tmax are the minimum and maximum pipe thicknesses most often encountered in SHTS solutions;

the values of mass savings per m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall from the replacement of ShTS with SShST-N at intermediate values tmin<t<tmax are in the above saving ranges for each pipe diameter.

The substitution of STS solutions for SSHST-N solutions with overlays on the outside to minimize the mass m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall was carried out at maximum pipe thicknesses with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced STS solutions.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype STS are shown in table 5.

Table 5

D xt _max ShTS Solutions SShST-N solutions Comparison results M, kg/ ^m2 W cm ³ /m J
cm ⁴ /m M, kg/ ^m2 W cm ³ /m J
cm ⁴ /m Saving M, % Excess W, % Excess J, % 630x14 331.5 5916 186340 159.5 6332 353363 51.9 7.0 89.6 720x14 333.1 6892 248130 161.3 7149 457712 51.6 3.7 84.5 820x16 378.7 9054 371226 175.8 9192 681323 53.6 1.5 83.5 920x16 380.3 10300 473801 192.1 10554 786566 49.5 2.5 66.0 1020x20 471.4 14265 727519 224.2 14366 1327240 52.5 0.7 82.4 1120x20 473.3 15825 886197 247.8 16062 1482525 47.6 1.5 67.3 1220x20 474.8 17387 1060585 254.8 18697 2039643 46.3 7.5 92.3 1320x20 476.1 18950 1250676 279.0 21184 2310930 41.4 11.8 84.8 1420x20 477.3 20514 1456741 279.0 21184 2310930 41.5 3.3 58.7

The replacement was carried out at minimum thicknesses of pipes with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the SHTS solutions to be replaced.

The results of the comparison of the claimed solution and the prototype STS are shown in table 6.

Table 6

D xt _max ShTS Solutions SShST-N solutions Comparison results M, kg/ ^m2 W cm ³ /m J
cm ⁴ /m M, kg/ ^m2 W cm ³ /m J
cm ⁴ /m Saving M, % Excess W, % Excess J, % 630x7 179.2 3059 96345 140.6 3237 108316 21.5 5.8 12.4 720x8 200.7 4039 145396 146.2 4927 237891 27.1 21.9 63.6 820x9 222.8 5226 214258 200.7 5927 262129 28.4 13.4 22.3 920x9 222.7 5928 272694 159.5 6332 353363 28.4 6.8 29.6 1020x9 222.6 6631 338195 161.3 7149 457712 27.6 7.8 35.3 1120x9 222.6 7335 410764 174.6 7391 438458 21.5 0.7 3.7 1220x9 222.5 8039 490399 175.8 9192 681323 21.0 14.3 38.9 1320x10 245.7 9693 639766 187.9 10173 809987 23.6 4.9 26.6 1420x10 245.7 10477 743838 192.1 10554 786566 21.9 0.7 5.7

The range of weight savings m ^{2 of} a sheet pile wall when replacing ShTS solutions with sector solutions SSHST-N with an overlay on the outside with moments W and J not less than or of the same order as those of the replaced ShTS solutions are shown in Table 7.

Table 7

Weight savings, % tmin, mm D, mm tmax, mm Weight savings, % from 21.5 7 630 fourteen up to 51.9 from 27.1 eight 720 fourteen up to 51.6 from 28.4 9 820 16 up to 53.4 from 28.4 9 920 16 up to 49.5 from 27.6 9 1020 twenty up to 52.5 from 21.5 9 1120 twenty up to 47.6 from 21.0 9 1220 twenty up to 46.3 from 23.6 ten 1320 twenty up to 41.4 from 21.9 ten 1420 twenty up to 41.5

where:

D - pipe diameters from the working range in the solutions of the ShTS;

tmin, tmax are the minimum and maximum pipe thicknesses most often encountered in SHTS solutions;

the values of mass savings per m ^{2 of} the sheet pile wall from the replacement of ShTS with SShST-N at intermediate values tmin<t<tmax are in the above saving ranges for each pipe diameter.

The conducted studies show that the claimed utility model makes it possible to ensure, when erecting a sinusoidal sheet pile wall with overlays, high-quality reinforcement of the sheet pile wall only due to the optimal selection of segment angles for the pile and overlay without the need for additional reinforcement. Savings on the mass of m ^{2 of} the wall reaches from 21% to 53.6%, which confirms the result of reducing the cost of materials during the construction of the sheet pile wall.

Claims (3)

1. A pile for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained by its longitudinal section, where the elements of the locking joint are fixed on the side edges of the body, characterized in that in the middle part of the pile on its inner side, an overlay is welded, which is obtained by longitudinal section of a cylindrical metal pipe of the same diameter as that used in the pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment. 2. The pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the pile segment is formed at an angle of 90 to 270 degrees. 3. Pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the pad is butt welded to the inner surface of the pile pipe segment.

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