RU2804954C1 - Trough-shaped welded sheet pile with sectoral shelf - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction; hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal sheet piles and sheet piling walls made from them and can be used in hydraulic engineering in the construction of sea and river berths, as well as in construction when building retaining walls in the ground for various purposes, which do not require additional reinforcement. A trough-shaped sheet pile includes a flange, side walls and locking elements connected by welding. The side walls of the tongue are formed by metal sheets, to the end part of which a shelf is welded at one edge, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal cut or a curved metal sheet obtained by bending a flat metal sheet in a roller. The elements of the locking connection are welded to the other end edge of the metal sheets forming the side walls, while the connection of the edges of the shelf and the metal sheets is made with an oblique joint.

EFFECT: providing a high elastic moment, compactness and convenience for transportation when disassembled, no problems with ovality, it does not require the use of reinforced frames, concreting “plugs”, recycling of soil removed from the pipe, it is possible to use submersible equipment of lower power, availability of materials for sheet piles.

2 cl, 8 dwg, 10 tbl

Description

The invention relates to metal sheet piles and sheet piling walls made from them and can be used in hydraulic engineering in the construction of sea and river berths, as well as in construction when constructing retaining walls for various purposes in the ground, which do not require additional reinforcement.

The construction of sheet piling walls is quite a capital-intensive undertaking. Each project is individual and often uses its own specifically individual tongue and groove. Everyone who counts money should strive to minimize expenses everywhere, and even more so, one should minimize the tongue, which is always expensive. That is why such a huge number of types of sheet piling walls are produced in the world. Every year more efficient sheet piles appear with new shapes and technologies for their production.

More than 406 standard sizes of hot-rolled sheet piles are produced worldwide. The efficiency of use (Keff=W/M) of the proposed sheet piles is quite low, especially in comparison with various welded combined sheet pile systems.

Thus, among the world's leading manufacturer of hot-rolled sheet piles, Arcelor Mittal, among about a hundred of its classical sheet piles produced, only three sheet piles slightly exceeded the limit of Ceff≥21 units.

The only Russian hot-rolled sheet pile Larsen L5-UM (see https://ecotorgm.ru/product/l5-um) has a rather low efficiency coefficient of 15.6 units.

For comparison: the ShTS welded pipe piles widely used in Russia have a maximum efficiency coefficient of 43 units. Russian sector welded sheet piles RShS2-ST have twice as many (up to 86 units).

Another disadvantage of hot-rolled sheet piles is the relatively low elastic moment, which does not even reach 6000 cm ³ /m.

And there are objective reasons for this: the existing beam mills on which hot-rolled sheet piles are rolled do not allow (technologically and economically) to make the required changes for rolling the required hot-rolled sheet piles.

The corner elements of SShK tongue and groove sheet piles are well thought out. SShK tongue piles can always be produced with the necessary parameters to order. But the maximum elastic moment of SShK sheet piles reaches only 12000 cm ³ /m.

The use of SShST-N with reinforcing linings inside the pipe sector makes it possible to achieve such elastic moments (up to 70,000 cm ³ /m) that cannot be achieved by currently existing ShTS sheet pile walls (GOST R 52664-2010 Welded tubular sheet pile).

However, the most important aspect of the advantage of sector sheet piles with an overlay inside the pipe sector is that, unlike ShTS, sector sheet pile walls with overlays (SShST-N) are open systems, there is no cavity in them, therefore, there is no need to equip concrete plugs with a reinforced frame , fill the cavity with special imported soil, solve the problem of burying the excavated soil. All this, in addition to being expensive, requires a lot of time, which, for example, is critical for Arctic conditions.

Since sector sheet pile walls with reinforcing linings are not closed systems, to immerse them (even with sectors of large diameters) less powerful equipment can be used than is required for equal-strength walls of the sheet piling system.

Transportation of compactly packaged SShST-N turns out to be significantly cheaper than transportation of ShTS, since there is no “air transportation” characteristic of ready-made elements of ShTS sheet piles, which cannot be stacked compactly with each other.

There is no problem of ovality, which can be present in STS.

This advantage of SShST-N, described in the closest analogue (patent RU212082U, publication: 2022.07.05), is characteristic of a pile for the construction of a sinusoidal sheet pile wall, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by its longitudinal section, where elements are fixed on the side edges of the body a locking connection, characterized in that in the middle part of the pile, on its inner side, an overlay is welded, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal section of the same diameter as that used in the pile, but having a shorter length than the pile segment.

The prototype is characterized by a simplified process for constructing a sinusoidal sheet pile wall, which does not require additional reinforcement, reduces the problem of changing the diameter of piles under loads (ovality problem), and reduces the cost of materials during the construction of a sheet pile wall.

The problem of the prototype is the rather limited shape of the sheet pile wall, linked to the round shape of the pipe, which makes it possible to build only a sinusoidal sheet pile wall.

In addition, transporting pipes is a rather complex task and storing and transporting pipes is less efficient than individual sheet pile elements.

For SSHST-N piles, the use of high-power driving equipment is required due to the presence of linings that do not fit closely to the body of the pile (there is a gap between the pile and the pipe). This circumstance leads to a closed form of connection between the sector shelf and the lining, which complicates immersion.

In this regard, the authors of this solution set the task of finding an alternative option for SShST-N piles, which has the same strength characteristics, but at the same time would be more convenient for transportation and more technologically advanced for installation.

The technical result of the claimed solution is a sheet pile, which:

- has a high elastic moment,

- when disassembled, it is compact and convenient for transportation and storage,

- has no problems with ovality,

- does not require the use of reinforced frames, concreting “plugs”, disposal of soil removed from the pipe,

- it is possible to use submersible equipment of lower power,

- availability of materials for sheet piles.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that a sheet pile of a trough-shaped profile is claimed, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by its longitudinal section, having elements of a locking connection, characterized in that the side walls of the tongue are formed by metal sheets, to the end part of which is welded at one edge shelf, and the elements of the locking connection are welded to the other end edge of the metal sheets, and the connection of the edges of the shelf and the metal sheets is made by an oblique joint, and the shelf is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe or a curved metal sheet obtained by a longitudinal section.

Preferably, in the middle part of the shelf, on its outer or inner side, a plate is welded, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal section of the same diameter as that used in the shelf, but having a smaller area than the shelf.

Brief description of drawings

Figure 1 shows an example of the component elements of a tongue and groove according to the claimed solution.

Figure 2 shows an example of the component elements of a tongue and groove according to the claimed solution with external reinforcement overhead.

Figure 3 shows an example of the components of a tongue and groove according to the claimed solution with internal reinforcement.

Figure 4 shows an example of connecting tongues with locks.

Figure 5 shows an example of the formation of a sheet pile wall based on the claimed device.

Figure 6 and Figure 7 show possible options for making an oblique joint when welding the flange and side walls.

Figure 8 shows a diagram of the replacement of Russian pipe piles with solutions for classic RShS-KS sheet piles.

In the drawings: 1 - metal sheet, 2 - sector shelf, 3 and 4 - locking elements, 5 - fittings for welding, 6 - external lining, 7 - internal lining, h _sys - tongue height, b _sys - tongue width, D _c - flange diameter, t _c - flange thickness, t _f - side wall thickness, α - flange sector angle.

Carrying out the invention

The claimed solution - a sheet pile with a trough-shaped profile (see Figure 1), is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe, obtained by its longitudinal section, having elements of a locking connection 3 and 4.

What is new is that the side walls of the tongue are formed by metal sheets 1, to the end part of which a shelf 2 is welded at one edge, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal section or a curved metal sheet, similar to sheet 1, but bent in rollers.

A curved shelf metal sheet can be produced by bending a flat metal sheet in a roller. Bending of sheet metal on rollers occurs by passing a sheet of metal (for example, sheet 1) through the rollers. Gradually moving them with each pass, a bent angle is obtained. With this bending method, it is possible to obtain cylindrical surfaces with the desired angle α (see Figure 4). In this case, the metal sheet can have a thickness of up to 10 mm. For bending, for example, electric rollers RME-2000x10 mm can be used (see https://keepler.ru/product/valczy-elektro-sfe-2000h10-mm/). Thus, if shelf sheets up to 10 mm thick can be used to create a tongue and groove, then the same metal sheet 1 can be bent, which is taken under the side walls. If a shelf thickness _tc of more than 10 mm is required, a sector cutout from a pipe is used.

The elements of the locking connection 3 and 4 are welded to the other end edge of the metal sheets 1. The connection of the edges of the shelf 2 and the metal sheets 1 is made with an oblique joint.

It is this design of the tongue that provides the stated results.

The elastic moment is enhanced by such an addition to the structure when in the middle part of the shelf from the outer (see example in Fig. 2) or the inner side (see example in Fig. 3) an overlay 6 or 7, respectively, is welded, which is a segment obtained by a longitudinal section a cylindrical metal pipe of the same diameter as that used in shelf 1, but having a smaller area than the shelf.

The claimed tongue and groove, as shown in Figure 1, is assembled by a welded connection: lock elements 3 and 4, metal sheets 1, flange 2. The junction areas of the elements can be welded on both sides using, for example, reinforcing bars 5 or another known welding method. When using external 6 or internal 7 linings on the shelf 1 of the tongue, the linings 6 and 7 are welded, as shown in the examples of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, respectively.

The oblique joint when connecting the edges of the shelf 2 and the metal sheets 1 can be made in different ways, for example, as shown in Fig.6 or Fig.7. Making the joint obliquely ensures an increase in the area of contact between the elements of the tongue and groove, which increases their joint strength at the same thickness of the material, in contrast to a conventional joint with an end cut at a right angle to the surface. In addition, connecting parts end-to-end for soldering elements 1 and 2 will not allow achieving the required elastic moment results, since the mechanical strength of the seam is insufficient, due to the fact that the seam area of such a connection is equal to or slightly less (due to shrinkage of the solder during cooling) of the transverse area cross-sections of connected parts, the metal of which, as a rule, has higher mechanical properties than the solder material. In addition, an obstacle to using a straight butt weld is the need to more carefully adjust the parts before soldering, since the thickness of the sheet t _f is often not equal to the thickness of the pipe t _c if the curved sheet of the shelf is cut out of it in sectors. And oblique welding (oblique joint) gives good results.

The same type of tongues can be connected to each other by locks 3 and 4, as shown in Fig.4. With a variety of similar connections, the tongues can form a sheet pile wall, as shown in the example of Fig. 5.

One of the features of the proposed welded trough sheet piles with a sector flange (hereinafter referred to as RShS-KS sheet piles) is the presence of a sectored shelf instead of the usual flat shelf, which exists in all classic hot-rolled, cold-rolled and welded trough sheet piles.

The role of the sector shelf in RShS-KS sheet piles is played by a pipe sector or a curved metal sheet bent in rollers. The flange sector is uniquely determined by the central angle α, pipe diameter D _c and pipe thickness t _c . With the same thicknesses of both flat and sector shelves, the self-elastic moment of the sector shelf is always higher than the self-elastic moment of the flat shelf.

Undoubtedly, the mass of a sector shelf is always greater than the mass of a flat shelf. But with the same increase in the thickness of both flanges, the natural moments of sector flanges grow faster (in some cases - several times) than the natural moments of flat flanges.

The second feature of the method is the variation of the values of each of the parameters of the RShS-KS sheet pile. By varying the values of each of the parameters of the RShS-KS sheet pile (t _с , t _f , H _sys , D _с , α, b _sys ) for all combinations of their values, it is possible to obtain many possible solutions for the designed RShS-KS sheet pile. Each of the listed parameters has its own range and step of variation.

A number of restrictions have been adopted on some of the input parameters that can be used to control the design of sheet piles.

For example: t _f ≤ t _c x h _sys ≤ b _sys ; ∆t = (t _c -t _f ) ≤ 10

Knowing the characteristics of the object under study, the user can supplement or change the proposed restrictions.

The input parameters are also the desired (projected) values of the elastic moment W _in and the mass of a square meter of wall M _in , which should be achieved using this method (all input parameters are varied for this purpose).

It is the properties of the sector flange that determine the effectiveness of RShS-KS sheet piles in comparison with solutions of similar equal-strength sheet piles with a flat flange.

And varying the parameters makes it possible not to miss a set of parameter values in all their possible combinations, at which the efficiency of the designed sheet pile will be the best.

The used approach of searching through all combinations of values of varied parameters to find solutions makes it possible not to miss a single combination of RSS-KS solutions.

The obtained next values of the parameters W _in i, M _in i, i=1,2..., simultaneously satisfying the conditions: W _in i≥W _in and M _in i≤M _in , are entered into the catalog of found solutions along with the values of the found parameters on this, the next step of variation.

To study the effectiveness of welded classic sheet piles RShS-KS, a number of some classic hot-rolled sheet piles of types Az, Au, Pu, hot-rolled sheet piles L4, L5-UM, L7, a number of welded sheet piles SShK (SShK-Chelyabinsk) and all-Russian pipe tongues were selectively replaced ShTS with diameters 630≤D≤1420 with the main thicknesses of each pipe inherent in these diameters.

In all cases, the efficiency coefficient of the studied (replaced) sheet piles was lower and (or) significantly lower than that of the RShS-KS trough replacement sheet piles (see tables of replacement of hot-rolled hot-rolled and welded sheet piles).

It was accepted that the efficiency coefficient _Keff = W/M shows how many units of elastic moment each kg of mass per square meter delivers to the sheet pile wall. m of wall, and also that the replacement solution has a mass of sq. m. m of the wall is “no more”, and the elastic moment is “no less” than that of the solution being replaced.

It is easier (most convincing) to demonstrate the effectiveness of replacement solutions using the example of replacing ShTS pipe piles, widely known and most often used in our country.

For this purpose, for each solution of the ShTS, multivariate examples of replacing solutions of the RSS-KS have been created (see part in Tables 8 - 10).

To search for RSS-KS solutions that replace the ShTS solutions, about 75.4 million possible RSS-KS solutions were generated and studied programmatically. Of these, only 3,117,994 solutions can, with varying degrees of efficiency, replace the 90 selected solutions of Russian ShTS.

With such a number of solutions, it is quite difficult to assess the effectiveness of the selected replacement solutions for RSS-KS. Therefore, from each multi-thousand catalog of RShS-KS, replacing “its own ShTS”, one solution with the minimum mass ( _min M) and the corresponding elastic moment ( _min W) was selected. Then from the same catalog we select the second solution, but with the maximum elastic moment ( _max W) and the mass corresponding to this moment ( _max M).

From these selected 180 solutions in coordinates W and M, a diagram of the selected replacement solutions of the RSS-KS plus, for comparison, a diagram of the solutions of the ShTS itself, consisting of 90 solutions, was constructed (see the diagram in Fig. 8).

Even with such a small number of selected RShS-KS solutions, it immediately becomes obvious that no matter what solution from the ShTS is taken, there will always be many RShS-KS solutions whose masses are “no more” and whose elastic moments are “no less” than at the ShTS solutions. This means that the efficiency coefficients of RSS-KS solutions are always higher than the efficiency coefficients of ShTS solutions.

For a more detailed, quantitative assessment of the advantages of RShS-KS solutions replacing ShTS solutions, it is convenient to use tables of express characteristics of replacing ShTS (see tables 8-10 for replacing sheet piles).

Each express table reflects substitutions for pipes of one pipe diameter, but with all the main thicknesses inherent in this diameter.

Each express table presents three ways to replace each ShTS solution with RShS-KS solutions:

- replacement in order to maximize mass savings per square meter of wall. With this substitution, the elastic moments of the RSS-KS are close to the elastic moments of the ShTS, but not less than the elastic moments of the studied ShTS, and the masses are significantly (from 20% to 41.4%) less than the masses of the ShTS solutions;

- replacement in order to achieve the maximum possible elastic moments. In this case, the elastic moments of the replacement solutions of the RSS-KS exceed by up to 191%, and the masses are close, but not more than the masses of the corresponding ShTS;

- replacing ShTS solutions with RShS-KS solutions with the minimum possible height h=H _sys /2 of one trough sheet pile. In this case, the masses of the replacing solutions of the RSS-KS are very close to the masses of the replaced ShTS, but not more than that of the ShTS. The elastic moments are also very close to the elastic moments of the ShTS, but no less than the latter.

The minimum possible height of the RShS-KS solutions is always less than the radius of the pipe of the replaced ShTS.

With all the substitutions of ninety solutions of ShTS sheet piles with RShS-KS solutions, the efficiency coefficients of the latter are always greater or significantly greater ( _Keff - up to 55.7 units) than those of the corresponding ShTS solutions, which have a maximum efficiency coefficient of only 43 units.

For ease of comparison, each table of express substitutions of ShTS presents the “native” values of the corresponding ShTS.

RShS-KS trough sheet piles with the minimum possible heights h are less susceptible to deformation than equal-strength but higher RShS-KS sheet piles.

In fact, the advantage of RShS-KS tongue and groove sheet piles with the minimum possible sheet pile height also lies in the fact that these sheet piles, as a rule, have thicker side walls and thicker flange sectors. But the mass savings of such strong sheet piles with the minimum possible sheet pile height are insignificant.

But this is not a pipe like the prototype, but a trough-shaped sheet pile. And a trough with relatively thick side walls and sector shelves with the minimum possible height of trough tongues RShS-KS.

Since RShS-KS are trough sheet piles, unlike ShTS pipe piles, when using RShS-KS in polar night conditions (when it is often below minus 40°), there is no need to “treat plugs”. That is, there is no need to weld reinforced frames, no need to remove soil from pipes, no need to dispose of this soil, no need to concrete “plugs” (and even at a positive temperature in the pipe). And before this, there is no need to “carry air” to the installation site of future berths (i.e., transport pipes) and there is no need to struggle with ovality, since disassembled transportation of the elements of the stated sheet pile RShS-KS is quite simple, they are compactly stacked and transported with minimal transport costs. And ovality is solved by the presence of a sector (part of a pipe or curved sheet), which is welded at an oblique joint to the end of the side wall, which eliminates the need to install additional stops or overlays as in the prototype in the form of mandatory tongue and groove elements.

Overlays can be installed as described above to enhance the elastic moment or when the thickness of the flange is small (i.e. when a pipe of insufficient wall thickness or a thin pipe of small diameter is used).

Consequently, for such sheet piles there are significantly fewer problems with driving due to soil compaction and there is no need for heavy driving equipment; there are no excessive requirements for locks.

RShS-KS sheet piles are also an absolute alternative to ShTS sheet piles, which, with all their advantages, are quite expensive not only in terms of the cost of work and transportation, but also costly in terms of the time it takes to construct sheet pile walls from pipe tongue and groove (especially in the Arctic).

Below, to prove the effectiveness of the RShS-KS sheet pile solutions, tables of substitutions for other various types of sheet piles, including RShS-KS solutions with overlays, are also attached (see Tables 1-7).

As the example tables show, the use of RShS-KS sheet piles makes it possible to achieve such elastic moments W that cannot be achieved even with ShTS sheet pile walls. And even more so, with existing hot-rolled and existing welded trough sheet piles.

RShS-KS sheet piles with their W values cover the entire line (entire range) of elastic moments of the known trough sheet piles and ShTS sheet piles up to the elastic moment W=25000 cm ³ /m. And the number of overlapping solutions is enormous.

RShS-KS trough sheet piles successfully replace (optimize) ShTS sheet piles. Depending on the problem statement, substitution can be carried out in three ways:

- replacement in order to save mass (mass savings vary from 20% to 41.1% without reducing the elastic moments of the ShTS);

- replacement in order to achieve the maximum possible elastic moments, the increment of which ranges from 17.84% to 191.2% (at the same time, the masses of the square meter of the wall remain slightly less than the corresponding masses of the replaced STS);

- replacing ShTS solutions with solutions for RShS-KS trough sheet piles with the minimum possible height h (one sheet pile). In this case, the masses of the replaced solutions always remain slightly less (or practically coincide) with the masses of the corresponding STS, and the elastic moments are always no less than the corresponding moments of the “native” STS solutions.

For the production of RShS-KS sheet piles, it is always sufficient to use only Russian components (availability of materials), due to the use of sheets for the side walls and parts of pipes for the shelves.

Thus, RShS-KS sheet piles are an effective solution for implementing the import substitution program and have high potential for export.

The use of reinforcing linings in RShS-KS sheet piles causes a sharp increase in the efficiency of the replacement RShS-KS trough sheet piles with a sector flange.

The increased interlock distance b _sys in comparison with the prototype (for similar forms of construction of a sheet pile wall, which in the prototype is typical for a sinusoidal sheet pile wall made of piles with a segment angle of 270 degrees), allows for faster insertion of the sheet pile, reducing the amount of materials for painting due to the smaller perimeter and increase water resistance due to fewer locks per meter of sheet pile wall.

Despite the large width of one sheet pile, the energy required to drive piles with a larger interlocking distance remains the same thanks to the smooth and open shape of the connection between the wall and the sector flange.

Below is a new type of multi-variant welded trough sheet piles with a sector flange. A comparative analysis of the main strength characteristics of a number of well-known hot-rolled, welded sheet piles and replacement sheet piles RShS-KS, including all ShTS pipe piles, is given.

The declared RShS-KS sheet piles effectively replace the entire range of elastic moments up to W=25000 cm ³ /m inclusive.

Table 1. Examples of solutions for welded trough sheet piles RShS-KS with a sector flange for replacing hot-rolled sheet piles L5-UM with sheet pile parameters L5-UM: M=227.8 kg/m ² , W=3555 cm ³ /m, k _eff =15.6; t _fl =11 mm; t _p =23 mm; H _sys =430 mm (where t _fl is the thickness of the side wall, t _p is the thickness of the shelf).

According to Table 1, the result for the examples of substitution: mass savings - up to 17.9%, excess of the elastic moment from 33.6 to 63.3%.

Table 2. Examples of solutions for welded trough sheet piles RShS-KS with a sector flange to replace the hot-rolled sheet pile L5-UM 550 ≤ bsys ≤ 750 with the parameters of the sheet pile L5-UM: M=227.8 kg/m ² , W=3555 cm ³ /m, _keff = 15.6; t _fl =11 mm; t _p =23 mm (where t _fl is the thickness of the side wall, t _p is the thickness of the shelf).

According to Table 2, the result for the examples of substitution: mass savings - from 18.2 to 29.7%, excess of the elastic moment from 64.9 to 142.6%.

Table 3. Examples of solutions for welded trough sheet piles RShS-KS with a sector flange for replacing hot-rolled sheet piles L4 with sheet pile parameters L4: M = 185 kg/m ² , W = 2200 cm ³ /m, J = 37837, _keff = 11 ,9; t _fl = 9.5 mm; t _c = 14.8 mm; H _sys = 409 mm (where t _fl is the thickness of the side wall, t _p is the thickness of the shelf).

According to Table 3, the result for the examples of substitution: mass savings - from 5.6 to 33.2%, excess of the elastic moment from 25.1 to 217.5%.

Table 4. Examples of replacing welded trough sheet pile SShK35-500 (Chelyabinsk) with RShS-KS solutions.

option Type H _sys height of a pair of tongues assembled, mm b _sys interlock distance of one tongue, mm Flange thickness _tf , mm Diameter of the tongue flange sector D, mm Sector thickness t _s , mm Flange sector angle α, degree β, degree F, cm ² /m M, kg/m J, cm ⁴ /m W, cm ³ /m K ^eff , Weight savings, % SShK 35-500 430 500 10 20 216.6 75968 3,533 16.3 - 1 RShS-KS 490 500 10 820 20 60 72.3 275.3 216.1 86614 3 535 16.4 0.2 2 RShS-KS 510 500 10 720 21 60 66.9 271.0 212.7 90565 3,552 16.7 1.8 3 RShS-KS 530 500 10 720 20 60 68.1 267.8 210.2 95681 3 611 17.2 2.9 4 RShS-KS 550 500 10 630 21 60 64.4 264.4 207.5 99150 3 605 17.4 4.2 5 RShS-KS 560 500 10 630 20 60 65.1 260.3 204.3 99935 3,569 17.5 5.7 6 RShS-KS 580 500 10 530 22 60 61.4 259.6 203.8 103850 3,581 17.6 5.9 7 RShS-KS 590 500 10 530 21 60 62.1 256.4 201.3 104875 3 555 17.7 7.1 8 RShS-KS 620 500 10 430 23 60 59.5 254.6 199.8 109875 3,544 17.7 7.7 9 RShS-KS 640 500 10 430 22 60 60.6 254.2 199.6 115532 3 610 18.1 7.9 10 RShS-KS 650 500 10 430 21 60 61.2 252.1 197.9 116699 3 591 18.1 8.6 eleven RShS-KS 700 500 10 325 23 60 59.7 250.8 196.9 125470 3 585 18.2 9.1 12 RShS-KS 730 500 10 325 20 60 61.3 247.8 194.5 130182 3,567 18.3 10.2 13 RShS-KS 870 500 10 325 21 60 65.6 275.6 216.4 207041 4,760 22.0 0.1

Table 5. Examples of solutions for welded trough sheet piles RShS-KS with a sector flange for replacing some sheet piles of types AZ, AU, PU.

According to Table 5, the result for the examples of substitution: mass savings - from 6 to 30%, excess of the elastic moment from 10 to 154%.

Table 6. Replacement of some SShK solutions with solutions for welded trough sheet piles RShS-KS with a sector flange.

Table 7. Some solutions for welded trough sheet piles RShS-KS with a sector flange to replace the sheet pile L5UM with bsys = 1000 mm. Parameters of sheet pile L5-UM: M = 227.8 kg/ ^m2 , W= 3555 ^cm3 /m, _keff = 15.6; t _fl =11 mm; t _p =23 mm; H _sys = 430 mm.

The set of solutions for RShS2-KS sheet piles was obtained as a result of varying the values of each of its parameters for all possible combinations of parameters. Each parameter has its own range and step of change. The following restrictions are accepted: ∆t= tc -tф ≤ 10; hкс ≤ bsys; 11≤ tf ≤ 28; 12 ≤ tс ≤ 28. Solutions were excluded for which Wks < Wshts and (or) Mks > Mshts

The results are shown in Table 8.

Designations in the table:

econ M % mass savings in the replacement solution RShS-KS in comparison with the mass of the replaced solution ShTS M _h mass in the replacement solution RShS-KS with a minimum height of one sheet pile h _ks W _h elastic moment in the replacement solution RShS-KS with a minimum height of one sheet pile h _ks min Keff _ks = min W _ks /min M _ks ; Max. Keff _ks = max. W _x /max. M _x ; Keff _h = W _h / Mh; Keff _pcs = W _pcs / M _pcs b _sys , mm interlock distance of the designed classic tongue and groove h _ks , mm the minimum possible height of one replacement sheet pile RShS-KS. (Always: h _ks ≤ b _sys ) t _s , mm thickness of the sector (flange) of the tongue _tf , mm tongue flange thickness α, deg. central angle of a sector shelf with diameter Dc DC, mm sector flange diameter

Table 8. Express characteristics of replacing ShTS 630x(7:14) pipe sheet piles with bsys=750 with welded trough sheet pile solutions RShS-KS with sector shelves.

ShTS replacement solutions RShS-KS with min M _ks replacement solutions RShS-KS with max. W _x replacement solutions RShS-KS with min h _ks replaceable ShTS solutions other parameters in replacement solutions economy M % min M _ks (kg/m ² ) min W _x (cm ³ /m) min kaff _ks Max. M _ks (kg/m ² ) Max. Wks (cm ³ /m) Max. Kaff _ks min h _x (mm) Mh (kg/ ^m2 ) Wh (cm ³ /m) Keff _h M _pcs (kg/m ² ) W _pcs (cm ³ /m) Kaff _shts Max. J _x (cm ⁴ /m) Max. Kaff _ks number of decisions of the Constitutional Court 630*7 20 143.4 3073 21.4 179.1 5493 30.7 250 179.1 3088 17.2 179.24 3059 17.06 323708 30.7 16198 630*8 20.9 159.2 3494 21.9 201.1 6447 32.1 255 200.7 3545 17.7 201.21 3479 17.3 331405 28.9 11718 630*8 28.7 143.4 3073 21.4 200.7 7196 35.9 250 178.14 3059 11.3 201.21 3479 17.3 323708 28.9 16198 630*9 29.8 156.7 3901 24.9 222.7 9136 41 250 222.7 3897 17.5 223.1 3895 17.5 680602 41 62992 630*10 29.6 172.4 4364 25.3 244.5 10169 41.6 255 244.4 4354 17.8 244.93 4307 17.6 757577 41.6 71862 630*11 33.3 177.8 4739 26.7 266.6 12119 45.5 260 266.3 4824 18.1 266.69 4715 17.7 908932 45.5 101803 630*12 36.4 183.3 5119 27.9 287.9 13929 48.4 260 286.6 5161 18 288.37 5119 17.75 1044690 48.4 130883 630*13 39.1 188.8 5526 29.3 309.4 15742 50.9 270 305.7 5654 18.5 309.98 5519 17.8 1180646 50.9 38509 630*14 41.4 194.4 5937 30.5 327.7 17228 52.6 280 329.5 6051 18.4 331.52 5916 17.85 1292072 52.6 178111 total number of satisfactory solutions → ∑∑=636188

Table 9. Express characteristics of replacing ShTS 1020x(9:20) with b _sys =750 with welded trough sheet pile solutions RShS-KS with sector shelves.

ShTS replacement solutions RShS-KS with min M _ks replacement solutions RShS-KS with max. W _x replacement solutions RShS-KS with min h _ks replaceable ShTS solutions other parameters in replacement solutions economy M % min M _ks (kg/m ² ) min W _x (cm ³ /m) min kaff _ks Max. M _ks (kg/m ² ) Max. W _x (cm ³ /m) Max. Kaff _ks min h _x (mm) M _h (kg/m ² ) W _h (cm ³ /m) Keff _h M _pcs (kg/m ² ) W _pcs (cm ³ /m) Kaff _shts Max. J _x (cm ⁴ /m) Max. Kaff _ks RShS-KS 1020*9 8.5 203.7 6645 32.62 222.4 8177 36.8 430 222.5 6663 29.9 222.65 6631 29.78 576547 36.8 3870 1020*10 13.3 212.7 7373 34.7 245.3 10240 41.7 420 243.8 7411 30.4 245.49 7346 29.92 757577 41.7 11863 1020*11 17.5 221.2 8082 36.5 268.2 12261 45.7 420 265.4 8123 30.6 268.29 8057 30.03 919575 45.7 21451 1020*12 21.2 229.4 8770 38.2 290.8 14106 48.5 420 286.9 8824 30.8 291.05 8764 30.11 1050953 48.5 30584 1020*13 24.4 237.3 9493 40.0 311.8 15910 51 425 313.8 9468 30.2 313.76 9466 30.17 1193213 51.0 38454 1020*14 27.3 244.5 10169 41.6 335.6 17883 53.3 430 331.0 10275 31.0 336.42 10164 30.21 1341197 53.3 44832 1020*15 29.6 252.9 10885 43.0 356.2 18830 52.9 430 358.3 11031 30.8 359.04 10858 30.24 1412253 53.3 49616 1020*16 31.8 260.2 11554 44.4 376.7 19772 52.5 440 380.4 11585 30.5 381.61 11548 30.26 1482926 53.3 52605 1020*17 33.6 268.2 12261 45.7 397.2 20710 52.1 455 399.8 12302 30.8 404.14 12233 30.27 1553216 52.1 53717 1020*18 35.0 277.1 12917 46.6 417.7 21642 51.8 465 424.6 12925 30.4 426.62 12915 30.27 1623126 53.3 52830 1020*19 36.5 285.0 13662 47.8 449.0 22639 50.4 480 446.6 13720 30.7 449.05 13592 30.27 1692655 53.3 49992 1020*20 37.8 293.1 14325 48.9 471.1 23780 50.5 495 455.4 14378 31.6 471.44 14265 30.26 1783487 53.3 45541 total number of satisfactory solutions → ∑∑=455355

Table 10. Express characteristics of replacing ShTS 1420x(11:20) with bsys=750 with welded trough sheet pile solutions RShS-KS with sector shelves.

ShTS replacement solutions RShS-KS with min M _ks replacement solutions RShS-KS with max. W _x replacement solutions RShS-KS with min h _ks replaceable ShTS solutions other parameters in replacement solutions economy M % min M _ks (kg/m ² ) min W _x (cm ³ /m) min kaff _ks Max. M _ks (kg/m ² ) Max. W _x (cm ³ /m) Max. Kaff _ks min h _x (mm) M _h (kg/m ² ) W _h (cm ³ /m) Keff _h M _pcs (kg/m ² ) W _pcs (cm ³ /m) Kaff _shts Max. J _x (cm ⁴ /m) Max. Kaff _ks RShS-KS 1420*11 3.3 260.2 11554 44.4 269.0 12314 45.8 655 267.0 11530 43.18 269.06 11500 42.74 754555 43.1 281 1420*12 7 272.0 12567 46.2 291.9 14243 48.8 600 291.3 12602 43.1 292.33 12519 42.82 1068198 48.8 1285 1420*13 9.7 285 13622 47.8 314.8 16172 51.4 575 314.9 13620 43.3 315.56 13533 42.88 1212898 51.4 2619 1420*14 12.7 295.7 14592 49.3 338.0 18132 53.6 565 334.5 14585 43.6 338.76 14543 42.93 1359894 53.6 3936 1420*15 14.8 308.2 15594 50.6 361.3 19947 55.2 570 358.0 15653 43.7 361.93 15549 42.96 1487361 55.2 4731 1420*16 17.1 319.3 16573 51.9 382.8 21756 56.8 590 381.5 16700 43.8 385.06 16551 42.98 1631721 56.8 4790 1420*17 18.7 331.8 17615 53.1 403.2 22680 56.2 605 405.1 17610 43.5 408.16 17548 42.99 1701034 57.3 4267 1420*18 20.4 343.4 18575 54.1 428.4 23256 54.3 620 429.8 18570 43.2 431.23 18541 43.00 1744216 57.3 3422 1420*19 21.4 356.9 19691 55.2 453.6 23832 52.5 640 447.7 19621 43.8 454.26 19529 42.99 1787398 57.3 2481 1420*20 22.8 368.6 20541 55.7 476.9 24173 50.7 655 474.9 20691 43.6 477.26 20514 42.98 1808989 57.3 1612 total number of satisfactory solutions → ∑∑=29424

Claims (2)

1. A sheet pile of a trough-shaped profile, including a shelf, side walls and elements of the locking connection, connected by welding, characterized in that the side walls of the sheet pile are formed by metal sheets, to the end part of which a shelf is welded at one edge, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal section or a curved metal sheet obtained by bending a flat metal sheet in a roller, and the locking joint elements are welded to the other end edge of the metal sheets forming the side walls, while the connection of the edges of the shelf and the metal sheets is made with an oblique joint. 2. The tongue according to claim 1, characterized in that in the middle part of the shelf, on its outer or inner side, an overlay is welded, which is a segment of a cylindrical metal pipe obtained by a longitudinal section of the same diameter as that used in the shelf, but having a smaller area than a shelf.