RU2774714C2 - Upgrading set of deflection distributor for roller crusher, roller crusher and method for installation of such a set - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: grinding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for product grinding. A deflection distributor for a roller crusher is proposed, which contains a shaft of the deflection distributor, rods, each of which has the first and the second ends, and fasteners for fastening the specified shaft of the deflection distributor on the first and the second sides of a frame of the specified roller crusher. In this case, the first end of each of the specified rods is attached to the specified shaft of the deflection distributor by means of a lever, and the second end of each of the specified rods is made with the possibility of attachment to a movable case of a bearing of the specified roller crusher.

EFFECT: invention provides for high efficiency during operation.

75 cl, 18 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus, in particular to a roller crusher in which two generally parallel rollers are separated by a discharge gap and rotate in opposite directions, and in particular to a high pressure roller crusher and to a system for distributing deflection in such high pressure roller crushers. pressure.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

When crushing or grinding rock, ore, cement clinker and other hard materials, roller crushers can be used having two generally parallel rollers that rotate in opposite directions to each other and are separated by a gap. The material to be crushed is then fed into the slot. Roll crushers of one type are called high pressure rolls or high pressure roll crushers. Grinding of this type has been described in US Pat. No. 4,357,287, in which it has been found that it is not really necessary to strive for the destruction of individual particles when trying to achieve fine and/or very fine grinding of the material. On the other hand, it has been found that by applying such high compression forces that briquetting or agglomeration of particles occurs during grinding, significant energy savings and productivity increases can be achieved. This crushing technique is called interparticle crushing. In this document, the material to be crushed or abraded is crushed not only by the crushing surfaces of the rolls, but also by the particles in the crushed material, hence the name interparticle crushing. US Pat. No. 4,357,287 teaches that such agglomeration can be achieved using much higher compression forces than earlier solutions. For example, previously used forces up to 200 kg/cm ² while the solution in US patent No. 4357287 suggests using forces from at least 500 kg/cm ² to 1500 kg/cm ² . In a roll crusher with a roll diameter of 1 meter, 1500 kg/cm ² results in a force in excess of 200,000 kg per meter of roll length, whereas previously known solutions could and should achieve only a fraction of these forces. Another property of interparticle crushing is that the material to be crushed must be fed into the roller crusher in bulk, which means that the gap between two opposite rollers of the roller crusher must always be filled with material along its entire length, and the material must always be loaded up to a certain height above the slot to keep the slot constantly filled and keep the particle-particle compression state. This contributes to an increase in yield and the production of finer material. This is in sharp contrast to older solutions, where it has always been emphasized that the destruction of one particle is the only way to obtain fine and very fine particle size reduction.

Interparticle crushing, in contrast to some other types of crushing equipment, such as, for example, a sizing machine, has the property that during use it does not create a series of shocks and very different pressures. Instead, equipment using interparticle crushing operates with very high, more or less constant, pressure acting on the material present in the crushing zone created in and around the gap between the rolls.

In this type of roller crusher, the gap width is determined by the pressure characteristics of the feed material. The movement of the crushing rolls away from each other is controlled by a hydraulic system containing active hydraulic cylinders and accumulators that provide a spring action to control various material feed characteristics. For example, a higher feed density in a roll crusher will typically result in a larger gap width than a lower feed density, while uneven feed characteristics, such as uneven distribution of material feed along the length of the crusher rolls, will cause the discharge gap width to will vary in the length of the crusher rolls, that is, a skew will be created. Such uneven feed characteristics can be caused by uneven feeding of material along the length of the crusher rolls, but can also be caused by different bulk densities in the feed, varying particle size distribution in the feed, varying moisture content within the feed, and variations in the tensile strength of minerals. when feeding material, but also when using non-crushable material that can get into the feed material. Attempts have been made to avoid this skew problem, but these attempts have usually resulted in complex systems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aim of the invention is to overcome or at least reduce the above problems. A specific goal is to create an upgrade kit for a deflection distributor for a roller crusher. In order to better solve this problem, in a first aspect of the invention, a deflection distributor retrofit kit for a roller crusher is provided, comprising a deflection distributor shaft and rods, each rod having first and second ends. In addition, attachments are provided for attaching the deflection distributor shaft to the frame of the roller crusher, with the first end of each rod attached to the deflection distributor shaft by means of a lever. The second end of each rod is designed to be attached to the movable bearing housing of the roller crusher. This design has the advantage that a mechanical connection is created between the bearing housings located on the respective sides of the crusher's movable roll. This, in turn, means that any uneven feed along the length of the crusher slot can be immediately compensated so that the movable crusher roll is always kept parallel to the stationary crusher roll, so that misalignment problems can be avoided. Skew can be defined as the difference in gap width when measured at two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Skewness can also be determined by the value of the gap width difference per unit length, for example, mm/m, or by the angle between the central axis of the first roll and the axis of the second roll. In this document, skew is defined as the difference in the width of the discharge slot when measured at two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Equipment misalignment leads to undesirable load situations in a roller crusher. The frame of these roll crushers is typically designed to withstand linear forces perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the crusher rolls, with roll misalignment creating forces that the frame cannot support. In addition, the movable bearing housings of the crusher's movable roll often operate on the guide structure, and in situations where misalignment occurs, there is a risk that the movable bearing casing will jam in the guide structure and get stuck, and this casing will therefore be unable to respond to any necessary reciprocating motion. Needless to say, misalignment causes disproportionate wear on the roll crusher structure. Considering the fact that the compression forces applied in the equipment made in accordance with the present invention can be up to 20 MI per meter of crushing roll, any misalignment will have a very negative effect on the damaged parts. In addition, foreign material (non-crushable) can enter the feedstock and have to pass between the crusher rolls, which requires an instantaneous increase in the gap width. Such foreign material will strike the crusher rolls at random points on the rolls. This means that skew can also occur when foreign material enters the slot. However, as stated above, the main cause of roll crusher misalignment is due to uneven material feed along the length of the slot, varying bulk densities in the feed, varying particle size, or varying moisture content in the feed along the length of the discharge slot. The deflection distributor according to the present invention compensates for this difference and transfers any unbalanced loads between the two sides of the movable crushing roll so that it can move in parallel. Previously known attempts to solve this problem were associated with complex hydraulic systems, and one of the main disadvantages of such systems is the fact that they cannot respond quickly enough. To compensate for the typical uneven material loading situation, a significant amount of hydraulic oil must be moved within a fraction of a second. This is, of course, extremely difficult to achieve, especially considering the fact that in addition to moving the oil itself, such a system must first measure how much oil needs to be moved to compensate for uneven loading. On the other hand, the deflection distributor according to the present invention has no difficulty in handling these large loads and short periods of time. The deflection distributor retrofit kit according to the invention also maintains a constant feed pressure profile within the roller crusher, which is not supported by prior art roller crushers and systems due to their uneven feed characteristics.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said attachments are configured to attach to the roll crusher frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor shaft is rotatably suspended in said mounts. By rotatably positioning the deflection distributor shaft in the frame, forces can be distributed from one side of the roller crusher to the other by rotating the deflection distributor shaft. The deflection distributor shaft can be made with high torsional rigidity so that any resulting loads will be transferred without delay or loss.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said lever comprises a shank extending from the deflection distributor shaft. The lever converts the basically straight-line movement of one of the rods into a rotary movement of the deflection distributor shaft and back into a mainly straight-line movement of the other rod.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the lever has an off-center rod attachment to the deflection distributor shaft.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, rotation bearings are disposed between said deflector distributor shaft and said mountings. In one embodiment, the mounts contain rotation bearings, and in one embodiment, the rotation bearings are located in the shaft of the deflection distributor.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rotation bearings comprise spherical bearings.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each of the rods is attached to the arm with a pivot bracket. The movable connection between the lever and the stem will ensure that the substantially linear movement of the stem is transferred to the lever and thus to the deflection distributor shaft without causing unnecessary torsional loads in the stem or lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the second end of each rod is configured to be attached to the movable bearing housing using a pivot bracket. The swivel connection between the bearing housing and the stem will ensure that the straight motion of the bearing housing is transferred to the stem without causing undue torsional loads in the stem or bearing housing.

In accordance with one embodiment of the modification kit for the deflection distributor, the rods are made with the possibility of their fixed attachment to the bearing housings. A fixed joint means fewer moving parts, is less labor intensive and less prone to wear compared to moving joints. The fixed connection provides a longitudinal critical load different from the longitudinal critical load of the swing arm and this allows the use of reduced stem wall thickness and/or reduced material thickness for the fixed connection.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods are attached to said arms by means of hemispherical plain bearings. The hemispherical plain bearing satisfies a large degree of stiffness requirements, yet allows rotational movement between the arm and stem, thereby reducing or avoiding the creation of torsional loads in the joint.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit, in accordance with one embodiment, comprises at least one replacement roll for a roll crusher. This roll has a flange attached to it at each end, the flanges extending in the radial direction of the roll up to a certain height above its outer surface. By having flanges at both ends of one of the crusher rolls, a more efficient and uniform entry of raw material into the rolls can be achieved. The flanges ensure that the material is fed in such a way that the preferred material pressure is generated along the entire length of the crusher rolls. Flanges have been shown to increase the capacity of a given roller crusher by up to 20% and sometimes even more. A general problem with cutter rolls without flanges is that the ratio between roll diameter and roll width is very important due to the significant edge effect, i.e. the crushing effect at the roll edges is reduced. This is due to the fact that the material can escape over the edges of the rolls, thereby reducing the crushing pressure acting on the material in the direction of the discharge gap at the edges of the rolls. Without flanges, therefore, both the material leaving the rolls and some of the material that has passed the discharge gap at the edges of the crusher rolls must be recycled due to the lower pressure resulting in less breakage at the edges. In this document, the combination of the deflection distributor of the present invention and flanges is very advantageous. By ensuring that the crusher moving roll is always parallel to the crusher stationary roll, the sealing properties of the flanges can always be maintained. Due to misalignment, as occurs in prior art solutions, a large distance is required between flanged and non-flangeed rolls to avoid the misalignment of the flanges, and this reduces the efficiency of the flanges. In addition, the innovative combination of flanges on one of the crusher rolls and a deflection distributor to ensure that the crusher rolls are always kept parallel during all possible material unevenness, provides a unique “flat tire” wear profile. In this way, the roll crusher surface will wear evenly along its length, which optimizes the breaking efficiency over the entire life of the "tire" and is essential for the optimized use of the wear surface across the entire width of the roll, therefore increasing the durability of the roll and thereby improving crusher uptime. The fact that the crusher rolls are constantly parallel also allows for a thicker wear profile than prior art solutions. Such known solutions, in which the supply of material to the rolls is not uniform along the length of the crusher rolls, will cause higher wear rates towards the middle of the crusher rolls, leading to the so-called "bath effect", i.e. the crusher rolls will wear faster closer to the middle. than towards the ends and create a wear profile having a central recess. This depression, in turn, results in a decrease in material pressure in this area, resulting in unfavorable crushing results, which means that the crusher rolls need to be replaced or refurbished. Thus, it makes no sense to make the wear surface as thick as possible, as the effect of the bath will at some point still lead to the need to turn off the roller crusher. On the contrary, in the present invention, the bath effect is eliminated, and the wear thickness can be increased, thereby greatly increasing the uptime. In addition, the deflection distributor retrofit kit provides a maintained feed pressure profile that limits recirculation of material that has not been reduced to the correct particle size.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the flange extends in the radial direction of the roll to a certain height above the outer surface of the roll. This height is preferably sufficient for the flange to pass through the discharge slot substantially along the angle of the roll crusher. This has the advantage that the flange eliminates the weak point at the edge of the rolls. The flange helps keep the material on the outside of the roll. That is, thanks to the flange, the material cannot fall out over the edge of the roll. This, in turn, helps to increase the pressure on the material towards the relief gap between the rolls at the edge of the rolls. Thus, the U-shaped grinding chamber is formed by the roll surface and the flanges on each side. In one embodiment, the flange includes a wear pad located on the inside of the flange. This wear pad provides frictional engagement with the feedstock to push it against the roll gap. This has the advantage that the design further increases the pressure acting on the material in the direction of the roll gap between the rolls at the end of the roll. The design will interact with the material that will move inside the crushing zone and the pressure will be optimized. Thus, the wear pad works as a feeder.

Thus, in accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the flange comprises a feeder on the inside of the flange.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit, in accordance with one embodiment, also includes replacement bearing housings for the crusher rolls. These interchangeable bearing housings can be adapted for use with a deflection distributor according to the invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit, in accordance with one embodiment, also includes replacement bearings for the crusher rolls. These replaceable bearings can also be configured for use with a deflection distributor in accordance with the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit, in accordance with one embodiment, also includes replacement bearings and replacement bearing housings for the crusher rolls. These replaceable bearings and replaceable bearing housings can also be configured for use with a deflection distributor according to the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive. Because the crusher rolls will be held parallel regardless of the uneven load profile along the crusher discharge slot, the design of the bearing housing seal and internal bearing seals can be less complex. In addition, spherical bearings can be replaced with standard bearings. Again, this is due to the parallel movement of the second roll of the crusher, regardless of the uneven loading profile and/or the presence of foreign material along the length of the crusher discharge slot.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the shape and profile of the deflector distributor shaft minimizes its deformation. The shaft of the deflection distributor may have an unequal cross-section along its length. For example, it may have a large cross-sectional area at the center and decrease in cross-sectional area towards its first and second ends. In one embodiment of the deflector distributor retrofit kit, the deflector distributor shaft is rigid.

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflector distributor shaft profile is torque resistant.

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor shaft is made of steel.

In one embodiment of the deflector distributor retrofit kit, the deflector distributor shaft is made of a composite material.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor shaft is cylindrical and has a diameter of 200 to 1000 mm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor shaft is hollow and has a wall thickness of 10 to 200 mm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is at least one accumulator that can be connected to the hydraulic system of the roller crusher and which acts as a spring in the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. This function of the spring can be improved by providing a pressurized gas chamber, using for example nitrogen, air or other suitable gas. In some embodiments, such pressurized gas may be replaced by a steel spring or the like. By using such accumulators, acting as springs, and specifically designed for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, better functionality and performance can be achieved. For example, they can be located in suitable positions and can also be tuned for optimal operation with a deflection distributor retrofit kit, for example, taking into account the extremely fast response provided by the retrofit kit compared to known systems.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least one accumulator is located on fixtures for attaching the deflection distributor shaft to the roll crusher frame. By placing the accumulator on the mounts, it is possible to provide a greater range of movement for the rods and the deflection distributor shaft without interfering with the accumulator.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there are end supports that are configured to be mounted on the frame of the roller crusher on its first and second sides. By using special end supports, it is possible to provide the best possible conditions for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, for example by providing free passage for the rods, by stiffening the frame for the roller crusher, or by providing accumulator attachment points for the hydraulic system of the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflector distributor shaft mounts are installed or located in the end supports.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods may extend past the end supports or may pass through the end supports. By allowing the stems to pass past the end supports, or even through the end supports, optimal operation of the deflection distributor retrofit kit is maintained.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each of the end supports includes a channel through which a respective stem can pass. Due to the fact that the stems can pass through the end supports, the stems can provide a simple and unpretentious design.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the end supports are configured to be connected to at least one hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system of the roller crusher.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the passage is located between two connection points for said hydraulic cylinders, preferably midway between the two connection points. This makes it possible to provide the required deflection distribution inside the roller crusher. When the channel is located between two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby preventing or minimizing the creation of torsional forces in the roller crusher frame. This design also provides excellent access to both the hydraulic system components and the rods and other parts of the deflection distributor retrofit kit.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is a cross beam extending between the movable bearing housings, with the second end of each rod configured to be attached to the cross beam. This provides more flexibility when it comes to stem placement. They can be attached to the cross beam at any point along its entire length.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the cross beam is articulated with each movable bearing housing. The advantage of a swivel joint is that it can accommodate the different movements of the movable bearing housings.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the second end of each rod is pivotally attached to the cross beam. Again, the articulation allows the changing movements of adjacent parts to be matched and compensated for with no or at least less increase in torque.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each stem is positioned offset from its respective end support such that each of said stems extends along the end supports. The advantage of this solution is that the stems can pass close to the end supports without the need for a through hole in the end supports. Instead, the stems run next to the end supports. It is sometimes inconvenient to use end supports with holes, since electrical wires, hydraulic hoses or pipes can be located on or inside the end supports. With this arrangement of stems offset from the end supports, existing end supports can be used without the need to reposition or rearrange wires, hoses, pipes, lines, or similar devices.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor shaft extends along a respective inner surface of each end support. This provides a very compact solution with a minimum footprint.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, a bias bracket can be mounted on each of the movable bearing housings and the other end of each rod is connected to the corresponding bias bracket. By means of such an offset bracket, an offset arrangement of the rods from the supports can be achieved in a reliable manner.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each rod is attached to the lever by means of a rocker arm. The presence of the rocker allows the use of a deflection distributor retrofit kit without significant modification to the roller crusher itself. In addition, this provides advantageous situations when the structure is loaded.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is at least one rocker on each side of the roll crusher. A centrally located rocker is also within the scope of the present invention. However, one rocker on each side of the roller crusher provides better load distribution and better access to the equipment.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, at least two rocker arms are installed on each side of the roll crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first part of the rocker arm is configured to be connected to the frame of the roller crusher, and the second part of the rocker arm is connected to said lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each rod is attached to the rocker arm between said first and second parts.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first part of the rocker is articulated with the lower part of the roller crusher frame, and the second part is articulated with the arm.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is a control system. The control system is configured to control the misalignment between the first and second rolls of the crusher, the control system is also configured to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold. The presence of the control system in accordance with this embodiment of the invention in combination with the deflection distributor reduces the forces acting on the deflection distributor, so that it is possible to reduce the structural dimensions of the parts and reduce the requirements for achieving maximum rigidity without sacrificing anti-skid properties. In accordance with this embodiment of the invention, no complex hydraulic control systems are required. Instead, in response to determining that a predetermined skew threshold has been exceeded, it is sufficient to simply reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the least skewed side. This pressure reduction can be achieved by simply opening a valve with sufficient area to allow hydraulic fluid to drain from the system into a suitable container. When the skew is reduced below a threshold, the valve closes and hydraulic fluid can be returned to the system.

In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, a method is provided for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit on a roller crusher. The roll crusher comprises a frame and first and second rolls that run parallel to each other in the axial direction. The first crusher roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crusher roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable. The roll crusher also includes an active hydraulic system that is configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls. The method includes the steps of attaching the second ends of the rods to the movable bearing housings in an appropriate manner and attaching fixtures for the deflection distributor shaft to the frame. Likewise, and in accordance with said retrofit kit, the method of the present invention provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to one embodiment of a method for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. The term "parallel to a hydraulic system" means that the two systems are functionally parallel to each other. When the deflection distributor retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system, the deflection properties and long response time of the hydraulic system do not affect the properties of the deflector distributor retrofit kit. This provides a much higher system sensitivity where the inherent design rigidity of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can be excellent and respond to uneven loads on the crusher rolls much more quickly than systems dependent on hydraulic system response.

In accordance with one embodiment of the method of installing the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher for each movable bearing housing on the respective sides of the second crusher roller comprises two hydraulic cylinders. Each rod is located between, preferably in the middle, two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll. When the rod is located between two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby minimizing the creation of torsional forces in the roller crusher frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each rod has a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll. By positioning the rods perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll, the balancing of the resulting forces is further improved, and this ensures that the loads generated in the roller crusher are carried in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll. This is advantageous in view of the frame design of most roller crushers, which is best suited for moving in the longitudinal direction of the roller crusher, that is, perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roller.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each rod is attached to the bearing housings in such a way that the common longitudinal central axes of the rods lie in the same plane as the longitudinal central axis of the crusher roll, i.e. they are at the same height. This ensures that the forces transmitted from the crusher rolls acting on the bearing housings can be transferred to the rods without any rotation of the bearing housings. Considering the fact that the forces in the equipment according to the invention can be 10 MN per bearing housing, this is an important advantage of the invention.

In accordance with one embodiment of a method for mounting a deflection distributor retrofit kit, each of the arms is attached to a first end of a respective stem such that the longitudinal axis of the arm is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stem. This has the advantage that only very limited stem bending will occur during use of the equipment. The lever will perform its functions in a position perpendicular to the direction of the stem or near it, and due to this the stem will move more or less rectilinearly. If another design were chosen, eg one not substantially perpendicular, the stem would have to flex more during its back and forth travel. This would be less advantageous and would require the use of appropriately sized stems and stem connections.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the deflector distributor shaft and the pivot point of the lever and stem.

In accordance with one of the embodiments of the method for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, a control system is installed, wherein said control system is configured to control the misalignment of the first and second crusher rolls, and the control system is also configured to reduce pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or to the second side in response to determining that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold. As noted above with respect to the deflection distributor retrofit kit, this has several advantages that also apply to the method. Among other things, the dimensions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can be reduced without compromising the anti-slip properties.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a roller crusher is provided. The roller crusher contains a frame; first and second rolls axially parallel to each other, wherein the first crusher roll is supported in bearing housings that are attached to the frame and the second crusher roll is supported in bearing housings that are movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, the roller crusher also includes a deflection distributor, wherein said deflection distributor comprises a shaft, fasteners attaching said shaft to said roller crusher frame, and rods, each of which has a first and a second end, the first end of each of the specified rods is attached to said deflection distributor shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is attached to the movable bearing housing of said second crusher roll. Likewise, and in accordance with said retrofit kit, the roller crusher of the present invention provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the deflection distributor is connected to the second roll of the crusher in parallel with the hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the movable bearing housings are slidable within the frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the bearing housings of the first roll of the crusher are fixed in the frame of the roll crusher.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, the deflection distributor shaft mounts are attached to the frame of the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on respective sides of the second crusher roller, each of the rods being located between said two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roller, preferably midway between the two hydraulic cylinders. cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roll. This provides an advantageous load distribution inside the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the longitudinal axis of each of the rods essentially lies in the same plane as the longitudinal central axis of the second roll. Again, this provides an advantageous load distribution with no or at least a reduction in the torque generated in the roll crusher.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each of the arms is attached to a first end of a respective rod such that the longitudinal axis of the arm is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod. As mentioned above, this has a number of advantages, including that the rods do not have to bend or bend, but at least to a lesser extent when moving back and forth.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the longitudinal axis of the arm passes through the central axis of the deflector shaft and the pivot points of the arm and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, a flange is attached to each end of one roll of the first and second rolls of the crusher, which extends in the radial direction of the roll to a certain height above the outer surface of the roll.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the flange contains a feeder on its inner side.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the frame also includes end supports.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the hydraulic system is located at least partially between said end supports and said movable bearing housings, with each of said rods passing through a respective end support.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each rod is positioned offset from its respective end support such that each rod is adjacent to its respective end support.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, a cross beam is located between the movable bearing housings, while the second end of each of these rods is attached to the specified movable bearing housing of the second crusher roll through the specified cross beam. The use of a cross beam provides more flexibility when it comes to stem placement. They can be attached to the cross beam at any point along its entire length.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, a cross beam is rotatably connected to each movable bearing housing.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the cross beam can be divided into at least two parts. This makes assembly and disassembly easier.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the second end of each of said rods is pivotally attached to the cross beam. Such swivel joints can accommodate and compensate for various movements of the parts connected by the crossbeam without unnecessarily increasing the torque in the roller crusher.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each rod is offset from a respective end support such that each rod extends along respective end supports. The advantage of this solution is that the stems can pass by the end supports without the need for a through hole in the end supports. Instead, the stems run next to the end supports. It is sometimes inconvenient to use end supports with holes, as there may be electrical wiring, hydraulic hoses or pipes on or inside the end supports. With this offset stem arrangement, existing end supports can be used without the need for repositioning or repositioning of wires, hoses, pipes, leads, or similar devices.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, each rod is located offset inwardly from the corresponding end support, so that each of said rods extends along the inner surface of the corresponding end support.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, the deflector shaft extends along the corresponding inner surface of each end support. This provides a very compact solution with a minimum footprint.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, a bias bracket may be mounted on each of the movable bearing housings, and the second end of each rod is connected to a respective movable bearing housing via a respective bias bracket. By means of such an offset bracket, an offset arrangement of the rods from the supports can be achieved in a reliable manner.

According to other roll crusher embodiments, the deflection distributor may have the same features as the deflection distributor of the deflection distributor retrofit kit described above.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the first end of each rod is attached to the lever by means of a rocker.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, at least one rocker is located on each side of the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the first part of the rocker is connected to the frame of the roller crusher, and the second part of the rocker is connected to the lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the first end of each rod is connected to a rocker at a location between said first and second parts.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the first part of the rocker is pivotally connected to the lower part of the frame, and the second part of the rocker is pivotally connected to the arm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the rocker is located essentially vertically.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the rods and lever are located essentially perpendicular to the rocker.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the rocker is located outside the frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the rocker is located inside the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, at least two rocker arms are located on each side of the roll crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, on each side of the roller crusher, one rocker is located outside the frame, and the other one rocker is located inside the frame.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the shaft of the deflection distributor is located on top of the frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, it has a control system that is configured to control the misalignment of the first and second crusher rolls, while the control system is also configured to reduce the pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining whether that the skew exceeds the specified threshold. As noted above with regard to the Diverter Distributor Upgrade Kit, this has several advantages that also apply to the Roller Crusher. Among other things, the dimensions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can be reduced without compromising the anti-slip properties.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, another roll crusher is provided. The roller crusher contains a frame; first and second rolls axially parallel to each other, said first crusher roll being supported in bearings that are movable relative to the frame, said second crusher roll being supported in bearings that are also movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the crusher rolls and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, the roller crusher also includes at least one deflection distributor, wherein said at least one deflection distributor comprises a shaft, the fasteners attaching said deflection distributor shaft to said roller crusher frame, each rod having a first and second ends, wherein the first end of each of said rods is attached to said deflection distributor shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is attached to the movable bearing housing of said crusher rolls.

Similarly, and in accordance with the retrofit kit, a roller crusher made in accordance with this fourth aspect will provide significant advantages over prior art solutions. According to one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, said at least one deflection distributor is connected to the second roll of the crusher in such a way that it is parallel to the hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are slidable in the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are rotatable relative to the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the deflection distributor shaft mounts are attached to the frame of the roller crusher.

According to other embodiments of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, said at least one deflection distributor may have the same characteristics as the deflection distributor of the deflection distributor retrofit kit described above.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on respective sides of the second crusher roller, with each rod located between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller. .

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, each rod is located between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller, preferably midway between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, each arm is attached to a first end of a respective rod such that the longitudinal axis of the arm is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, said longitudinal axis of the arm passes through the central axis of the deflector distributor shaft and the pivot point of the arm and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, a flange is attached to each end of one roll of the first and second rolls of the crusher, which extends in the radial direction of the roll to a certain height above the outer surface of the roll.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the flange includes a feeder on the inside of the flange.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, one deflection distributor is located on each roll of the crusher.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher of this fourth aspect, a control system is installed, wherein said control system is configured to control misalignment of the first and second crusher rolls, wherein the control system is also configured to reduce pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side. in response to determining that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a deflection distributor retrofit kit for a roll crusher having a fixed roll and a movable roll that create a discharge slot between them, the movable roll having first and second ends. According to this aspect, the deflection distributor retrofit kit comprises first and second rods, each having a first end and a second end, the second end of each rod being connected to one of the first or second ends of the movable roll to move with the movable roll; first and second levers, each of which is connected to the first end of one of the first and second rods; and a rotating deflection distributor shaft connected between the first and second arms, wherein movement of one of the first or second arms rotates the deflection distributor shaft and the other of the first or second arms.

According to other embodiments of the deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with this fifth aspect, the deflection distributor may have the same characteristics as disclosed for the deflection distributor made in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention.

Similarly, and in accordance with the upgrade kit disclosed above, this upgrade kit, made in accordance with this fifth aspect, provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, a method for controlling a roller crusher is provided. The roll crusher comprises a frame and first and second rolls that run parallel to each other in the axial direction. The first crusher roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crusher roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable. The roll crusher also includes an active hydraulic system that is configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two rolls. The roller crusher also includes a control system, wherein the control system is configured to control misalignment between the first and second rolls, wherein the control system is also configured to reduce pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment is greater than a predetermined threshold value.

The method includes the steps

- determination of one or more threshold values for misalignment between crusher rolls;

- skew control;

- reducing the pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a misalignment that exceeds one or more certain threshold values.

Likewise, and in accordance with the retrofit kit and other aspects of the present invention, the method of the present invention provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, from the appended claims, as well as from the drawings. It is also noted that the invention relates to all possible combinations of features. In particular, it should be noted that all embodiments of any aspect of the invention may apply, respectively, to all other aspects.

As such, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted in accordance with their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless otherwise indicated herein. All references in the singular [element, device, component, means, step, etc.] are to be construed explicitly as referring to at least one instance of the specified element, device, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly otherwise not indicated.

As used herein, the term "comprising" and variations thereof are not intended to exclude other additives, components, integral structures, or steps.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a roller crusher according to the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a deflector distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor in accordance with one embodiment of the third aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a device with a deflection distributor and first and second crusher rolls.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of variation of the deflector distributor with uneven feed characteristics along the length of the crusher discharge slot within a roller crusher with a deflector distributor, in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 6 shows a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 7 depicts a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 8 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 9 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 10 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 11 shows a portion of a deflector distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 12 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 13 depicts a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 14 depicts a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 15 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a deflection distributor and control system retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Fig. 18 is a side view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit, in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, the present invention is described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show illustrative embodiments of the invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are presented for completeness and completeness and to fully convey the scope of the invention to the skilled artisan. The same position numbers refer to all the same elements.

Fig. 1 shows a roller crusher 1 according to the prior art. Such a roller crusher 1 comprises a frame 2 in which a first fixed roller 3 is located in bearings 5, 5'. The housings 35, 35' of these bearings 5, 5' are rigidly attached to the frame 2 and are thus fixed. The second roll 4 crusher is located in the frame 2 in bearings 6, 6', which are located in the frame 2 for sliding movement. The bearings 6, 6' can move in the frame 2 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first and second rolls 3, 4 of the crusher. As a rule, the guide structure 7, 7' is located in the frame on the first and second sides 50, 50' along the upper and lower longitudinal frame elements 12, 12', 13, 13' of the crusher 1. The bearings 6, 6' are located in the movable housings 8 , 8' bearings that can slide along the guide structure 7, 7'. In addition, between the movable bearing housing 8, 8' and the first and second end supports 11, 11', there are several hydraulic cylinders 9, 9', which are located near the first end 51 or at the first end 51 of the crusher 1. These end supports 11, 11 ' attach the upper and lower longitudinal elements 12, 12', 13, 13' of the frame, and also act as supports for the forces generated on the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9', as they regulate the width of the crusher's discharge slot and respond to the forces generated in the crusher rolls due to the material fed into the crusher 1. Such roller crushers operate in accordance with the previously described crushing technique called interparticle crushing, while the discharge gap between the crushing rolls 3, 4 is controlled by the interaction of the feed raw material and the hydraulic system, which affects on the position of the second roll 4 crushers. As mentioned above, such a roller crusher of the prior art has the disadvantage of delaying the adjustment of the second roller 4. , the second crushing roll 4 may become skewed and the hydraulic system 10, 10' is too slow to adjust the position of the movable bearing housing to maintain a constant feed pressure, while the movable bearing housings may become wedged in the guides 7, 7', and in the case material, the surface of the crushing rolls can be damaged by this material, and the entire frame 2 of the crusher 1 can be skewed.

Fig. 2 depicts a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with the present invention. First, the components of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 will be described, and then its advantages will be detailed. The retrofit kit 100 includes a deflection distributor shaft 20 and levers 25, 25' attached to respective ends of the shaft 20. In addition, a mount 24, 24' is provided at each end of the shaft 20, which is used to mount the shaft 20 of the retrofit kit 100 onto the roller frame 2. crushers 1. The shaft of the deflection distributor contains at each end rotating bearings, preferably spherical bearings, allowing the shaft 20 to rotate relative to the mountings. Each of the levers 25, 25' includes a shank 26, 26', which are attached at their first end to the shaft 20 and which extend in the radial or tangential direction of the shaft 20. The first end 27, 27' of the rod 21, 21' is attached to the second end of each of levers 26, 26'. The second ends 28, 28' of the rods are designed to be attached to the movable housings 8, 8' of the roller crusher bearing 1. Each lever 25, 25' is attached to the first end 27, 27' of the corresponding rod 21, 21' in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the lever 25 , 25' is located essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stem 21, 21'. In addition, the longitudinal axis of the lever 25, 25' passes through the central axis of the shaft 20 and the pivot point of the lever 25, 25' and the stem 21, 21'.

A retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with the present invention can be installed in known roller crushers 1 as shown in FIG. 1. By using the retrofit kit 100, problems in known roller crushers 1 can be avoided, more specifically, misalignment problems that occur in roller crusher 1. The width of the discharge gap between rollers 3, 4 of the crusher will change during use depending on the characteristics and amount of material supplied to the roller crusher, while the width of the discharge gap can also vary along the length of the rolls 3, 4, depending on how the material is fed to the roller crusher 1 and its characteristics. For example, if more material is located near the first side 50 of the crusher 1, then there is a risk that the discharge gap becomes wider towards the first end 50 than towards the second side 50' of the roller crusher 1. The movable second roller 4 of the crusher will be skewed. This has several disadvantages. For example, misalignment creates forces that the roller crusher 1 cannot handle. The frame 2 is mainly designed to receive forces directed in the longitudinal direction of the roller crusher 1. In addition, the forces acting at an angle can cause jamming in the guide structure 7, 7', while the movable bearing housings 8, 8' get stuck and thus become unable to react and move as required by the material supply situation. In order to avoid distortion, it is required that both ends of the second crusher roll 4, 4' travel the same distance in the same time in response to a situation involving uneven feeding, that is, a feeding situation in which the load at one end of the second crusher roll 4 is greater than loading at the second end of the second roll 4 crusher. The hydraulic system 10, 10' containing the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' cannot respond quickly enough to these misalignment situations. This situation requires a large amount of hydraulic fluid to move within a fraction of a second. This requires not only a hydraulic system to displace this amount of hydraulic fluid in such a short time, but above all it is necessary to measure the correct amount of fluid displaced. On the other hand, the deflection distributor according to the present invention does not have such problems. It can immediately transfer an unbalanced load from one movable bearing housing 8, 8' located on one side of the crusher 1 to the movable bearing housing 8, 8' on the other side of the crusher 1. In response to the displacement of one of the movable bearing housings 8, 8' , the corresponding rod 21, 21' is attached to this movable bearing housing 8, 8', will cause the corresponding lever 25, 25' to move, which in turn will cause the shaft 20 of the deflection distributor in the rotation bearings in the mounts 24, 24' to rotate, thereby causing a corresponding movement of another lever 25, 25', another rod 21, 21' and finally another movable bearing housing 8, 8'. This can also be seen in the schematic plan view shown in FIG. 5. Here, a situation is described in which the uneven feeding between the rolls 3, 4 of the crusher is offset from the center, more towards the first side 50 of the roll crusher. This causes the first rod 21 to move towards the first end 51 of the crusher 1, which in turn causes the first arm 25 to also move towards the first end 51 and, due to its connection to the shaft 20, the shaft 20 will be forced to rotate in the rotation bearings in the mounts 24, 24'. This rotation causes the second lever 25' to move like the first lever 25, and the movement of the second lever 25' causes the second rod 21' to move identically to the first rod 21, thereby facilitating the parallel movement of the two movable bearing housings 8, 8', so that the second movable crusher roll 4 is constantly maintained parallel to the first crusher stationary roll 3.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, the resulting forces acting on the bearings of the bearing housings 8, 8' are directed in the same direction, but the force acting on the first bearing housing 8 will be greater. It is precisely this difference in resulting loads that could otherwise cause the second crusher roll 4 to become misaligned and the movable bearing housings 8, 8' to jam in the guide structure, as well as cause excessive wear of the crusher 1 as a whole. A deflection distributor 100 in accordance with the disclosed invention will act on an excessive load at one end and automatically deflect the same distance at the other end and thereby maintain parallelism as well as parallel return and a constant feed pressure profile within the crusher 1 .

On FIG. 3 you can see a roller crusher 1 with a deflection distributor retrofit kit, made in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, and in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 shows a roller crusher 1 with a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Mounts 24, 24' for shaft 20 are attached to end supports 11, 11' of frame 2, and rods 21, 21' pass through channels 29, 29' in end supports 11, 11'. It can be readily understood that other solutions besides channels are possible, for example recesses or the like in the outer or inner side walls of the end supports 11, 11'. In the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 18, the hydraulic system 10 comprises four hydraulic cylinders 9, 9', two on each side 50, 50' of the crusher 1, with each rod 21, 21' extending between two hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' respectively. This is an advantage in that it helps to achieve a balanced load. Attachments 24, 24' are bolted to respective end supports 11, 11', but other attachment options, such as welding, will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In these embodiments, the rods 21, 21' are attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' by means of the first pivot bracket 31, 31', and to the levers 25, 25' by the second pivot brackets 30, 30'. The advantages of these swivel arms will be discussed in detail with reference to FIG. 6. Other fastening means are also possible, for example, the rods 21, 21' can be rigidly bolted to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' and can be attached to the levers 25, 25' by hemispherical plain bearings.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 17 may also comprise four hydraulic cylinders, two on each side of the crusher 1, with each rod 21 extending respectively between said two hydraulic cylinders 9. The hydraulic cylinders 9 are shown in position for the embodiment shown in FIG. eighteen.

Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a deflection distributor made in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosed invention, located and connected to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' of the second crushing roll 4, with which the first crushing roll 3 is located in parallel. according to the disclosed invention, a mechanical connection is created between the bearing housings 8, 8' located at the respective two ends of the second crusher roll 4. Thus, any uneven supply of material (foreign material or feed characteristics) which is unevenly distributed along the length of the crusher discharge gap) acting on the second roller 4, by means of the deflection distributor made in accordance with the invention, leads to a parallel movement of both bodies 8, 8' bearings, regardless of the position of this material or the uneven supply of material along the length of the crusher's discharge gap.

On FIG. 6 shows a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed invention. The retrofit kit 100 includes a deflector shaft 20 with shanks 25, 25' and rods 21, 21', and also includes end supports 11, 11', on which the shaft 20 is mounted with fasteners 24, 24'. The rods 21, 21' are located in the channels 29, 29', which are formed in each end support 11, 11' to allow the rods 21, 21' to move in a substantially straight line through the channels 29, 29'. Rods 21, 21' are attached by swivel brackets 30, 30' at their first ends 27, 27' to shanks 25, 25', and are also made with swivel brackets 31, 31' at their second ends 28, 28' for future attachment to movable bearing housings 8, 8' in a roller crusher 1. The swivel 30, 30' of the stem 21, 21' and the shank 25, 25' ensures that the linear or mostly rectilinear movement in the stem 21, 2D is transmitted to the lever 25, 25' and, thereby, the shaft 20 without causing an unnecessary torsional load on the stem 21, 21' or the lever 25, 25'. The articulation 31, 31' of the stem 21, 21' and the movable bearing housing 8, 8' will ensure that the linear movement of the bearing housing 8, 8' is transferred to the stem without causing unnecessary torsional loading of the stem 21, 21' or housing 8, 8 ' bearing.

End supports 11, 11' are arranged so that they can be easily mounted on the frame 2 of the crusher 1 on its first side 50 and second side 50', while they can also be made with the possibility of connection with at least one hydraulic cylinder 9 , 9' of the hydraulic system 10, 10' of the crusher 1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the channels 29, 29' for the rods 21, 21' on each side 50, 50' are located between the two connection points 32, 32' for the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' and in a position to be aligned perpendicularly and in the same horizontal plane. with the central axis of the second roll 4 in the crusher 1. With this arrangement, the deflection distributor 100 will work in parallel with the hydraulic system 10, 10', as described above, and provide optimal load distribution when installed on the crusher 1, while the load can be distributed in one vertical plane and thus create less tension and torsional force in the frame 2 of the crusher 1.

Fig. 7 depicts a deflector distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed invention. This upgrade kit 100 contains, in addition to the parts shown in FIG. 6, also the accumulators 33, 33', which are arranged in a way that can be connected to the hydraulic system 10, 10' on the roller crusher. By using the accumulators in conjunction with the retrofit kit 100, the arrangement of the accumulators 33, 33' can be optimized so that they do not interfere with the mounting position of the shaft 20 and rods, and to keep the accumulators as close as possible to the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' to minimize piping for transporting hydraulic fluid back and forth from accumulators 33, 33' and hydraulic cylinders 9, 9'. The accumulators 33, 33' can also be adapted to operate in parallel with a deflection distributor according to the invention.

The upgrade kit 100 shown in FIG. 7 also comprises one or more change rolls 3, 4 for the crusher 1. One of the rolls 3 has flanges 34, 34' attached to both ends thereof. The flanges 34, 34' extend in the radial direction of the roll up to a certain height above the outer surface of the roll. Since the parallel movement of the second crusher roll 4 is provided by a deflection distributor retrofit kit according to the disclosed invention, the first roll 3 can be fitted with such flanges without any risk of displacement and therefore without risk of damage to the crusher's flanges or surface. The presence of flanges 34, 34' mounted on one of the crusher rolls 3 provides a much higher crushing result in a roller crusher and a higher resulting crushing pressure, and also provides an increase in productivity of 10-20%, and sometimes even more.

In an alternative embodiment, the flanges are located not on the first roll 3 of the crusher, but on the second roll 4.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 shown in FIG. 7 also contains replaceable bearings 5, 5', 6, 6' for the rolls 3, 4. The bearings 5, 5', 6, 6' used in the crusher 1 wear out after a period of time and need to be replaced while being the replacement at the same time as the replacement of the crushing rolls 3, 4 is advantageous and efficient for refurbishment and maintenance work. In addition, these replaceable bearings can be optimized for a roller crusher with a deflection distributor system located thereon, as disclosed in the Summary of the Invention section above.

On FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of the deflection distributor kit 100, in which a cross beam 60 is attached to and connects the swing arms 31, 31'. The cross beam 60 allows the rods 21, 21' to be attached to the end supports 11, 11' and/or to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' in an offset manner. This allows the invention to be applied without the need to provide channels 29, 29' in the end supports 11, 11'. In some situations, such channels 29, 29' are undesirable due to the presence of, for example, hydraulic hoses or pipes or electrical installations on or within the end supports 11, 11'. Through the use of the cross beam 60, it is possible to position the stems 21, 21' close to the end supports 11, 11', which can be left unaffected. The cross beam 60 can be attached to the swing arms 31, 31' with a pin 61, referred to here as a vertical pin. In this embodiment, the cross beam has a circular cross section. Of course, other cross sections are also possible. The rods 21, 21' are rotatably attached to the cross beam 60 by, for example, spherical bearings or bushings or any other suitable means that can withstand the forces and maintain a pivotal connection. The shaft 20 here is intended to be mounted in the frame of the crusher 1, but, of course, the shaft 20 could be positioned at the rear instead, as shown in FIG. 3, or on top of the frame 2. As can be seen in FIG. 8, the shaft 20 is rotatably positioned between the inner surfaces of the end supports 11, 11'. This provides a very compact design that takes up only a small area where it is used. In fact, this solution ensures that the footprint of a roller crusher with a deflector retrofit kit made in accordance with the invention is exactly the same as the footprint of a roller crusher without a deflector kit. This is an important aspect, since space is always limited in sites where this type of equipment is used.

On FIG. 9 and 10 show alternative embodiments of the deflection distributor assembly 100 in which the offset brackets 131, 131' are located on the movable bearing housings 8, 8'. Similar to the cross beam 60 shown in FIG. 8, these offset brackets 131, 131' allow the rods 21, 21' to be attached to the end supports 11, 11' and/or to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' in an offset manner. This allows the rods 21, 21' to pass along the end supports 11, 11'. Preferably, the rods 21, 21' pass through the end supports 11, 11' from the inside. This reduces the footprint of the roller crusher compared to a solution where the rods run from the outside. As can be seen in FIG. 9, the shaft 20 is located on the rear side of the frame 2, while the shaft 20 shown in FIG. 10 is located within the frame 2. Both of these embodiments have their specific advantages. For example, the solution in Fig. 10 has a smaller footprint, while the solution in FIG. 9 requires less headroom.

Fig. 11 depicts an alternative embodiment of a deflector assembly 100 that includes a cross beam 60. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the cross beam 60 in this embodiment extends between two adjacent movable bearing housings 8, 8'. The transverse beam 60 in this embodiment comprises two adjacent, substantially flat members 62 located on the upper and lower sides of the swing arms 31 and 31', respectively, and pivotally connected to the swing arms 31, 31' by a vertical pin 61. The pin 61 may, however, extend in directions other than vertical, such as, in addition to or instead, in a horizontal direction. The rods 21, 21' are pivotally connected to the crossbeam 60 via a vertical pin 81, with the rods 21, 21' at their respective first ends being pivotally connected to the arms via a swing arm 30, 30', similar to the previous embodiments. The technical solution in this embodiment has, similarly to the embodiments shown in FIG. 8 and 9, the advantage is that the rods 21, 21' can extend along the end supports 11, 11'. This embodiment also allows the cross beam 60 to be assembled from smaller individual parts, such as upper and lower, essentially flat cross beam members 62. This facilitates the installation and removal of the cross beam. To this end, the flat members 62 of the transverse beam have excellent structural rigidity without excessive use of material.

Fig. 12 shows an embodiment similar to that shown in FIG. 11. In this embodiment, the stems 21, 21' are more compact and preferably made of one piece with bushings or bearings 64 through which the pin 81 is inserted. This solution provides improved rigidity and, due to its simple design, has a long service life.

Fig. 13 shows an embodiment having a cross beam 60. At its ends, the cross beam 60 includes brackets 65, 65', which can be attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' by pivot brackets 31, 31' using a vertical pin 61. Similar to the embodiment execution shown in Fig. 11, the stems 21, 21' are compact and made from one piece with bushings or bearings 64 to ensure a long service life. Between the brackets 65, 65', the cross beam 60 has a tubular portion 66 fixed to the brackets 65, 65'. The tubular part 66 can also be made up of two parts, forming a separable cross beam. This has the advantage that assembly and disassembly is simplified. Instead of using the tubular portion 66, other cross sections are possible, such as rectangular, oval, or any other suitable shape.

Fig. 14 and 15 show an embodiment in which a rocker arm 70 is provided. The first part of the rocker arm 70, referred to here as the end portion, is pivotally connected to the lower frame 2 of the roller crusher. The second part, here referred to as the second end part of the rocker arm 70, is pivotally connected to the lever 25, 25' by means of connecting elements 71, 71', and the rods are connected to the rocker arm 70 at a location located between these first and second parts. The rods 21, 21' are attached to the movable bearing housings by bias brackets 131, 131' which allow the rods 21, 21' to extend along both the inside and outside of the roller crusher frame 2, therefore without the need for any or at least in a very small modification of the roller crusher itself. Placing the pivot point at the bottom of the frame 2 has the advantage that the resulting forces can be perfectly absorbed by the frame 2, since the action of the forces can be separated into the top and bottom of the frame 2 in a very convenient way. Moreover, as can be seen in FIG. 14 and 15, the shaft 20 can be positioned on top of the roller crusher frame 2 without creating any additional footprint. Even in the situation where the second roller 4 is in the fully retracted position, i. e. when the gap between the rolls 3, 4 is at its maximum, none of the parts of the deflection distributor upgrade kit increase the length of the roll crusher on which this kit is installed. On FIG. 14 and 15 show a total of four rocker arms 70 and four rods 21, 21'. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the number and specific arrangements of these elements may be chosen as seems appropriate. For example, one rocker 70 for each side of the roll crusher is also possible, and even one centrally located rocker 70 is possible. may vary. This embodiment also maintains the rods 21, 21' substantially horizontal throughout their travel, which is advantageous as this arrangement reduces the forces applied to the frame 2. As with the other embodiments described herein, spherical bearings are suitable for hinged connections between frame 2, rocker arm 70, rods 21, 21', movable bearing housings, connecting elements 71, 71', levers 25, 25'.

Fig. 16 discloses an embodiment having a control system 200 in combination with a deflection distributor. The control system 200 is configured to control the misalignment between the first and second rolls 3, 4 of the crusher, and the system 200 is also configured to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system 10, 10' on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The presence of such a control system reduces the forces acting on the deflection distributor so that it is possible to reduce the structural dimensions of the parts and pay less attention to achieving maximum rigidity without sacrificing anti-skid properties. In this embodiment, no complex hydraulic control systems are required. Instead, in response to a certain excess of a predetermined misalignment threshold, it is sufficient to only reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the side with the smallest deviation. This pressure reduction can be achieved by simply opening a valve with sufficient orifice to allow the hydraulic fluid to drain from the system into a suitable container. When the skew is reduced below a threshold value, the valve closes and hydraulic fluid can be returned to the hydraulic system 10, 10'. On FIG. 16, it can be seen that an uneven load situation has occurred and that the crushing force acting on the movable roller 4 is larger towards the first side 50 of the roller crusher. The deflection distributor compensates for this and minimizes skew, but if the resulting forces are too great, at some point the deflection distributor may reach its limit. In such a case, the control system 200 will notice that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold. In response, the control system will depressurize the second side 50' which has less deflection, which aids the deflection distributor in its attempts to minimize skew. Pressure reduction can be achieved in many ways, one of them being to simply open a valve to drain the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic system 10, allowing it to flow into vessel 300. Once the skew returns below a predetermined threshold, the valve can be closed and the hydraulic fluid can be returned to the hydraulic system 10'. It should be noted that the control system according to this embodiment can be integrated into an already existing roller crusher control system. It can also be a completely separate system, or it can be manual.

As stated above, FIG. 17 and 18 are perspective and side views of a roller crusher of one embodiment of the present invention. The two hydraulic cylinders 9 in FIG. 18 are shown with stem 21 located between them, while in FIG. 17 hydraulic cylinders are not shown to show other details more clearly. In this embodiment, the fasteners 24 are bolted to the respective end supports 11, but, as previously stated, other fastening options, such as welding, will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In this embodiment, the rods 21 are attached to the movable bearing housings 8 by a first pivot bracket 31 and to the arms 25 by a second pivot bracket 30. Other attachment methods are possible, as described elsewhere in the application. In this embodiment, the shaft 20 with levers 25 and fasteners is mounted at the lower end of the frame 2 of the crusher 1, while in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the shaft 20 with levers 25 and fasteners is mounted on the upper end of the frame 2. The location of the shaft 20 with levers 25 and fasteners 24 at or near the lower end of the frame 2, as shown in FIG. 16 and 17 is sometimes preferred. This facilitates maintenance of the bearings of the shaft 20 and the arms 25 as they are accessible from the lower end of the frame, i.e. at or near ground level. In addition, installation is less labor intensive as the parts do not have to be lifted far from the ground. Often there is a top platform at the upper end of the frame 2 from which the equipment is accessed from above. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 and 17, such a platform does not need to be modified to make room for, for example, shaft 20 and attachment 24. In FIG. 16 and 17 show that the rods 21 pass through the holes in the end supports 11. However, other means are possible, as disclosed elsewhere in this application, for example, as disclosed in FIG. 8-13, in which the rods are shown passing next to the end supports 11.

A person skilled in the art will understand that a number of modifications to the embodiments described herein are possible without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.

When installed in the roller crusher 1, the deflection distributor 100 according to the disclosed invention operates at idle (no force or pressure applied) during balanced feeding and uniform distribution of material, and operates only during unstable feeding situations such as uneven feeding characteristics. material along the length of the crusher discharge slot and/or feeding non-crushable material entering the crusher discharge slot off-center. Thus, the deflection distributor 100 controls the deflection of each bearing housing individually, controlling the spring rate of the roller crusher accumulator while maintaining a constant feed pressure profile.

The deflection distributor 100 according to the invention provides the required instantaneous parallel deflection response time to cope with non-uniform material feed characteristics along the length of the crusher discharge slot.

Prior art solutions for dealing with non-uniform supply characteristics and/or foreign material involve moving oil from one side to the other using valves and pumps to compensate for the distortions that result from uneven supply. However, these systems are not fast enough to limit misalignment to an acceptable level, allowing flanges to be used on one of the crusher's rolls and still maintain the damping spring effect without overloading or underloading the system. In addition, when compensating for uneven feed characteristics, the hydraulic systems in these prior art solutions typically move the second crusher roll 4 away from the center of the crusher's discharge slot, which reduces crushing pressure and results in inadequate crushing within the roller crusher. This increases the amount of material that needs to be fed back to the crusher.

Keeping the crusher rolls parallel and more or less constant crusher feed pressure along the length of the crusher rolls as well as over time is key and important for uniform production. In addition, the inventive position of the deflection distributor and suspension in the roll crusher, together with its design, minimizes inertia and the resulting forces from it during the rapid movement of the second roll 4 of the crusher.

Further, as discussed in the Summary of the Invention, a deflection distributor may also be located in a roll crusher having two rolls that can move within the frame, in which case one deflection distributor may be located for each crusher roll. In addition, it is possible to position the deflection distributor on a roller crusher having crusher rollers with bearing housings that can be rotated relative to the frame. It is also possible to position the upgrade distributor shaft mounts on a separate post near the end side of the roll crusher frame holding the crusher movable shaft, instead of connecting it directly to the frame, and still attach the rods to the movable crusher movable roll bearing housings.

One of skill in the art will also appreciate that leverage, as described herein, should generally be interpreted as a function provided by leverage. For example, it is possible to attach the first end of the stem to the shaft of an off-center deflection distributor in such a way that the necessary linkage is created. In general, the lever can be obtained in various ways by creating a distance between the attachment of the first end of the rod and the axis of rotation of the shaft of the deflection distributor.

It should also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that depressurization of a hydraulic system, as described in one embodiment herein, may refer to only partial depressurization or complete depressurization, depending on requirements.

Claims (84)

1. A deflection distributor for a roller crusher, characterized in that it comprises a deflection distributor shaft, rods, each of which has first and second ends, and fasteners for attaching said deflection distributor shaft to the first and second sides of the frame of said roller crusher, the first end each of said rods is attached to said deflection distributor shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is adapted to be attached to the movable bearing housing of said roller crusher. 2. The deflection distributor according to claim 1, wherein the deflection distributor shaft is rotatably suspended in said fixtures. 3. The deflection distributor according to claim 1, wherein said lever comprises a shank extending from the deflection distributor shaft. 4. The deflection distributor according to claim 2, in which rotation bearings are located between the deflection distributor shaft and the specified fasteners. 5. The deflection distributor according to claim 4, wherein said rotation bearings comprise spherical bearings. 6. The deflection distributor according to claim 1, wherein said first end of each of said rods is attached to said lever by means of a swing arm. 7. The deflection distributor according to claim 1, wherein said second end of each of said rods is configured to be attached to said movable bearing housing by means of a pivot bracket. 8. The deviation distributor according to claim 1, in which said rods are made with the possibility of fixed attachment to said movable bearing housings. 9. The deviation distributor according to claim 1, in which said rods are attached to said levers by means of hemispherical plain bearings. 10. The deflection distributor according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the deflection distributor shaft is rigid. 11. Distributor deviation according to any one of paragraphs. 1-9, in which the deflection distributor shaft is hollow and has a wall thickness of 10 to 200 mm. 12. A deflection distributor according to any one of the preceding claims, which has at least one accumulator configured to be connected to the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. 13. The deflection distributor according to claim 12, wherein said at least one accumulator is mounted on said fixtures to secure the deflection distributor shaft to the roll crusher frame. 14. A deflection distributor according to any one of the preceding claims, which has end supports configured to be mounted on a roller crusher frame on said first and second sides thereof. 15. The deflection distributor according to claim 14, wherein said rods can pass adjacent to or through said end supports. 16. The deflection distributor according to claim 15, wherein each of said end supports includes a channel through which a respective stem can pass. 17. The deflection distributor according to claim 14, wherein said end supports are configured to be connected to at least one hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. 18. The deflection distributor according to claim 17, wherein each of said end supports comprises a channel through which a respective rod can pass, said channel being located between two connection points for said hydraulic cylinders, preferably midway between said two connection points for said hydraulic cylinders . 19. A deflection distributor according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a cross beam extending between the movable bearing housings, said second end of each rod being attachable to said cross beam. 20. The deflection distributor according to claim 19, wherein said cross beam is articulated with each movable bearing housing. 21. The deflection distributor of claim 19, wherein said second end of each rod is pivotally attached to said cross member. 22. The deflection distributor of claim 1, wherein each rod is staggered relative to a respective end support of the roller crusher so that it extends along the end supports. 23. The deflection distributor according to claim 22, wherein the rods are configured to extend along a respective inner surface of each end support. 24. The deflection distributor of claim 22, wherein a bias bracket can be mounted on each movable bearing housing, said second end of each rod being connected to a corresponding bias bracket. 25. The deflection distributor according to claim 1, wherein said first end of each stem is attached to said lever by means of a rocker arm. 26. The deflection distributor according to claim 25, wherein at least one rocker is located on each side of the roller crusher. 27. The deflection distributor according to claim 25, in which at least two rocker arms are located on each side of the roller crusher. 28. The deflection distributor according to claim 25, wherein the first part of said rocker arm is configured to be attached to the frame of the roller crusher, and the second part of said rocker arm is connected to said arm. 29. The deflection distributor according to claim 28, wherein said first end of each rod is attached to said rocker at a location between said first and second parts. 30. The deflection distributor according to claim 29, in which the first part of the rocker arm is articulated with the lower part of the roller crusher frame, and the second part is articulated with the lever. 31. The deviation distributor according to claim 1, also containing a control system configured to control the misalignment of the first and second rolls of the crusher and with the possibility of reducing the pressure in the specified hydraulic system on the specified first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold meaning. 32. The deflection distributor according to claim 31, in which the control system is configured to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the side on which the movable roll of the crusher has the smallest deviation. 33. The deflection distributor of claim 31, wherein the pressure is reduced by removing hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic system. 34. Upgrading kit for the deflection distributor, containing: a deflection distributor according to any one of the preceding claims; and at least one change roll for a roll crusher, each end of said roll having a flange attached to it which extends in the radial direction of the roll to a certain height above the outer surface of the roll. 35. The retrofit kit of claim 34, wherein the flange on its inside contains a feeder. 36. Upgrading kit according to item 34 or 35, also containing replacement roller bearings. 37. The installation method of the deflection distributor, made according to any one of paragraphs. 1-33, in a roller crusher that includes a frame, first and second rollers that run axially parallel to each other, and of which the first roller is supported in bearing housings located in the frame, and the second roller is supported in bearing housings made with movable, and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls, the method comprising attaching the second ends of the rods, respectively, to the movable bearing housings, and attaching the deflection distributor shaft to said frame using said fasteners. 38. The method of claim 37 wherein the deflection distributor is installed parallel to the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. 39. The method of claim 37 or 38, wherein the roller crusher hydraulic system comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on respective sides of the second crusher roller, each rod being positioned between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein each rod is positioned midway between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roll. 41. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 37-40, wherein the longitudinal axis of each rod is substantially perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll. 42. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 37-41, in which each lever is attached to the first end of the corresponding rod in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the lever is located essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein said longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the deflector distributor shaft and the pivot point of the lever and stem. 44. The method of claim 37 further comprising installing a control system for the hydraulic system, said control system being configured to control the misalignment of the first and second crusher rolls to reduce pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining whether that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold. 45. Roll crusher, containing: frame, first and second rolls axially parallel to each other, wherein the first crusher roll is supported in bearing housings that are located in the frame, and the second crusher roll is supported in bearing housings that are movable, and an active hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crusher roll and the crushing pressure between the two crusher rolls, wherein the roller crusher also contains a deflection distributor, which contains a shaft, attachments for attaching said shaft to said frame of the roller crusher, and rods, each of which has first and second ends, moreover, the first end of each of the specified rods is attached to the specified shaft of the deflection distributor using a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is attached to the movable bearing housing of the second crusher roll. 46. Roll crusher according to claim 45, in which the deflection distributor is connected to the second roll in parallel with the active hydraulic system. 47. Roll crusher according to claim 45, in which the active hydraulic system includes two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on the respective sides of the second crusher roll, each rod being positioned between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roll, preferably midway between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roll. 48. Roll crusher according to claim 45, in which the longitudinal axis of each rod essentially lies in the same plane as the longitudinal axis of the second roll. 49. Roll crusher according to claim 45, in which each lever is attached to the first end of the corresponding rod in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the lever is located essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod. 50. Roll crusher according to claim 45, in which the longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the deflector distributor shaft and the pivot point of the lever and rod. 51. Roll crusher according to any one of paragraphs. 45-50, in which a flange is attached to each end of one roll of the first and second rolls of the crusher, which extends in the radial direction of the roll to a certain height above the outer surface of the roll. 52. Roll crusher according to claim 51, in which the flange on its inner side contains a feeder. 53. Roll crusher according to claim 45, additionally containing end supports. 54. Roll crusher according to claim 48, in which the specified hydraulic system is located, at least partially, between the specified end supports and the specified movable bearing housings, with each rod passing through the corresponding end support. 55. The roller crusher of claim 53, wherein each of said rods is offset from said respective end support such that each rod is adjacent to a respective end support. 56. Roll crusher according to claim 53, in which a cross beam extends between the movable bearing housings, and the second end of each of said rods is attached to the specified movable bearing housing of the second crusher roll through the specified cross beam. 57. Roll crusher according to claim 56, in which the specified cross beam is connected to each movable bearing housing with the possibility of rotation. 58. Roll crusher according to claim 57, in which the specified second end of each rod is hinged to the specified cross beam. 59. The roller crusher of claim 55, wherein each of said rods is offset inwardly from a respective end support such that each rod extends along a respective end support. 60. Roll crusher according to claim 53, in which the shaft of the deflection distributor passes between the respective inner surfaces of the end supports. 61. Roll crusher according to claim 55, in which a bias bracket is located on each movable bearing housing, while said second end of each rod is connected to a corresponding movable bearing housing through a corresponding bias bracket. 62. Roll crusher according to claim 45, comprising a control system configured to control the misalignment of the first and second crusher rolls, and the control system is also configured to reduce the pressure in the specified hydraulic system on the specified first or second side in response to determining that skew exceeds the specified threshold. 63. Roll crusher according to claim 62, in which the control system is configured to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the side on which the movable roll of the crusher has the smallest deviation. 64. Roll crusher according to claim 62, in which the pressure is reduced by removing hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic system. 65. Roll crusher according to claim 45, in which the specified first end of each rod is attached to the specified lever by means of a rocker arm. 66. Roll crusher according to claim 65, in which at least one rocker is located on each side of the roll crusher. 67. Roll crusher according to claim 65 or 66, in which the first part of the specified rocker is connected to the frame of the roller crusher, and the second part of the specified rocker is connected to the specified lever. 68. The roller crusher of claim 67, wherein said first end of each rod is connected to said rocker at a location between said first part and said second part. 69. Roll crusher according to claim 68, in which the first part of the rocker is connected to the lower part of the frame with the possibility of rotation, and the second part of the rocker is connected to the lever with the possibility of rotation. 70. Roll crusher according to claim 65, in which the rocker is located essentially vertically. 71. Roll crusher according to any one of paragraphs. 65-70, in which the rocker is located on the outer side of the frame. 72. Roll crusher according to any one of paragraphs. 65-70, in which the rocker is located on the inside of the frame. 73. Roll crusher according to any one of paragraphs. 65-72, in which at least two rocker arms are located on each side of the roller crusher. 74. Roll crusher according to claim 73, in which on each side of the roll crusher one rocker is located on the outside of the frame and one rocker is located on the inside of the frame. 75. Roll crusher according to any one of paragraphs. 65-74, in which the deflection distribution shaft is located on top of the frame.

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