EA042260B1 - CRUSHING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus, in particular to a roller crusher in which two generally parallel rollers are separated by a gap and rotate in opposite directions, and in particular to a high pressure roller crusher and a system for distributing deflection in such high pressure roller crushers.

Prerequisites for the creation of the invention

When crushing or grinding rock, ore, cement clinker and other hard materials, roller crushers can be used with two generally parallel rollers that rotate in opposite directions, towards each other, and which are separated by a gap. The material to be shredded is then fed into the slot. Roll crushers of one type are called high pressure grinding rolls or high pressure roll crushers. Grinding of this type is described in US Pat. No. 4,357,287, in which it has been found that it is not really necessary to strive for grinding individual particles when trying to achieve fine and/or very fine grinding of the material. On the other hand, it has been found that by creating such high compression forces that briquetting or agglomeration of particles occurs during grinding, significant energy savings and productivity increases can be achieved. This crushing method is called interparticle crushing. In this patent, the material to be crushed or pulverized is pulverized not only by the crushing surfaces of the rolls, but also by the particles of the pulverized material, hence the name interparticle crushing. US Pat. No. 4,357,287 indicates that such agglomeration can be achieved using much higher compression forces than earlier solutions. For example, forces of up to 200 kg/cm ² have previously been used, while the solution in US Pat. No. 4,357,287 suggests using forces of at least 500 kg/cm ² to 1500 kg/cm ² . In a roll crusher with a roll diameter of 1 m, 1500 kg/cm ² results in a force in excess of 200,000 kg per meter of roll length, whereas previously known solutions could and should achieve only a fraction of these forces. Another property of interparticle crushing is that the material to be crushed must be fed into the roller crusher in bulk, which means that the gap between the two opposite rollers of the roller crusher must always be filled with material along its entire length, and the material must always be loaded to a certain height. above the slot to keep the slot filled at all times and keep the particle compression state. This contributes to an increase in yield and the production of finer material. This is in sharp contrast to older solutions, where it has always been emphasized that breaking into single particles is the only way to obtain fine and very fine particle size reduction.

Interparticle crushing, in contrast to some other types of crushing equipment, such as, for example, sizing machines, has the property that during use it does not create a series of shocks and very different pressures. Instead, equipment using interparticle crushing operates with very high, more or less constant, pressure acting on the material present in the crushing zone created in and around the gap between the rolls.

In this type of roller crusher, the slot width is determined by the pressure characteristics of the feed material. The movement of the crushing rolls away from each other is controlled by a hydraulic system consisting of hydraulic cylinders and accumulators that provide a spring action to control the various material feed characteristics. For example, a higher feed density in a roll crusher will typically result in a larger gap width than a lower feed density, while uneven feed characteristics, such as uneven distribution of material feed along the length of the crusher rolls, will cause the gap width to be vary in the length of the crusher rolls, i.e. distortion will be created. Such uneven feeding characteristics can be caused by uneven feeding of the amount of material along the length of the crusher rolls, but can also be caused by different bulk density in the feed material, different particle size distribution in the feed material, varying moisture content in the feed material and a variety of tensile strengths of minerals in the feed. material, but also when using non-crushable material that can get into the feed material. Attempts have been made to avoid this skew problem, but these attempts usually result in complex systems.

The essence of the invention

The aim of the invention is to overcome or at least reduce the aforementioned problems. A specific goal is to create an upgrade kit for a deflection distributor for a roller crusher. In order to better solve this problem, in a first aspect of the invention, a deflection distributor retrofit kit for a roller crusher is provided, comprising a deflection distribution shaft and rods, each rod having first and second ends. In addition, there are mounting bases for attaching the deflection distribution shaft to the frame of the roller crusher, with the first end of each rod attached to the deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever. The second end of each rod is designed to be attached to the movable bearing housing of the roller crusher. The deflection distribution shaft contains the first and second parts, which are interconnected by means of a shock-absorbing assembly. This design has the advantage that the retrofit kit provides damping in the event of sudden load surges that could otherwise cause damage to the equipment, and at the same time provides a mechanical connection between the bearing housings located on the respective sides of the movable crushing roll. This in turn means that any uneven feed along the length of the discharge slot can be immediately compensated for, so that under normal operating conditions the movable crushing roll will always be parallel to the stationary crushing roll, so that misalignment problems can be avoided. Skewness can be defined as the difference in slot width measured at two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Skewness can also be defined in terms of the gap width difference per unit length, eg mm/m, or as the angle between the center axes of the first and second rolls. In this document, skew is defined as the difference in slot width measured at two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Skewed equipment causes unwanted stress on the roller crusher. The frame of these roll crushers is usually designed to withstand linear forces perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the crusher rolls, with roll misalignment creating forces that the frame cannot handle. In addition, the movable bearing housings of the movable crushing roll often move along the guide structure, and in situations where misalignment occurs, there is a risk that the movable bearing housing will jam in the guide structure and get stuck, resulting in an inability to respond to any necessary reciprocating motion. . It goes without saying that misalignment leads to disproportionate wear on the structure of the roller crusher. Taking into account the fact that the compressive forces applied to the equipment made in accordance with the present invention can be up to 20 MN per meter of crusher roll, any misalignment that occurs will have a very negative effect on the affected parts. In addition, stray (non-crushable) material may enter the feed material and must pass between the crusher rolls, requiring a short-term increase in the gap width. Such foreign material enters the crusher rolls at random points on the rolls. This means that skew can also occur when random material enters the slot. However, as stated above, the main reason for the misalignment of the crushing rolls in roller crushers is related to the uneven supply of material along the length of the discharge gap, different bulk density in the feed material, different particle sizes in the feed material, or different moisture content in the feed material along the length of the discharge gap. The deflection distributor according to the present invention compensates for this and transfers any unbalanced loads between the two sides of the movable crushing roll so that its parallel movement can be ensured. Previously known attempts to solve this problem involve complex hydraulic systems, and one of the main disadvantages of such systems is that they cannot respond quickly enough. To compensate for typical uneven material loading, a significant amount of hydraulic oil must be moved in a fraction of a second. This is, of course, extremely difficult to achieve, especially given the fact that, in addition to moving the oil per se, such a system must first measure how much oil needs to be moved to compensate for uneven loading. On the other hand, the deflection distributor according to the present invention has no difficulty in handling these large loads in short periods of time. The deflection distributor retrofit kit of the disclosed invention further maintains a constant feed pressure profile within the roller crusher, which is not achieved with prior art roller crushers and systems for uneven feed thereto. The advantage of the present invention is that, combined with the benefits of a system using a deflection distribution shaft, a retrofit kit made in accordance with the present invention can still smooth out load spikes that could otherwise potentially cause damage to the roller. crushers. It should be noted that under normal operating conditions, the damping assembly will not work, and the shaft elements will act as a single deflection distribution shaft, and only excessive load surges will cause the damping assembly to work.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the damping assembly is configured to dampen the relative torsional motion between the first and second shaft portions. This allows a single damping assembly located on the deflection distribution shaft to operate under excessive loads from either of the two rods.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the damping assembly has an adjustable damping and/or resilience factor. This allows different threshold values to be set depending on the actual situation in which the roller crusher operates, i.e. the type of material to be ground, the amount of material to be ground, the size of the roller crusher, etc.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the damping assembly comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper. A hydraulic or pneumatic damper can be easily adjusted to the required strength and will retain damping properties over time.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the damping assembly comprises a check valve.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the damping assembly comprises a torque-limiting clutch comprising one or more elastomeric elements. The elastomeric elements can be tuned to provide the correct cushioning properties.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the elastomeric elements are pre-compressed. Due to the precompression, the elastomeric elements can retain their properties over time and hysteresis can be avoided or at least reduced.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the elastomeric elements are incompressible, with the cushioning effect being achieved by deformation of the elastomeric elements.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the deflection distribution shaft is axially divided/divided into first and second parts. This allows the shock-absorbing assembly to be placed between the first and second shaft parts.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, one of the first and second shaft parts at least partially surrounds the other shaft part. This reduces the amount of space required for the damper assembly since it can be located in the space between the first and second shaft portions.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the damping assembly is located on the outside of the deflection distribution shaft. This provides easy access to the equipment for adjustment or maintenance.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, each of the first and second shaft portions includes a lever, and a shock-absorbing assembly is attached to each of said levers. This provides a reliable and very affordable solution.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the mounting bases are configured to be attached to the roll crusher frame.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft, comprising two interconnected first and second shaft parts, is supported in the mounting bases in a rotatable manner. By accommodating the deflection distribution shaft in a rotatable frame, forces can be distributed from one side of the roller crusher to the other due to the twisting movement of the deflection distribution shaft. The deflection distribution shaft, comprising two interconnected first and second shaft parts, can be made with high torsional rigidity so that any resulting loads are transferred without delay or loss.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor retrofit kit further comprises a preloading device that applies bias stress to parts of the deflection distributor retrofit kit. By providing a preloading device that applies a biasing stress to parts of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the wear of the mechanical connection between the bearing housings located on the respective sides of the movable crushing roll can be reduced. In the process of crushing material in a roller crusher, vibrations occur. These vibrations are caused by shock loads that occur when material with different properties is clamped, crushed and discharged from the machine. Thus, even under normal and even optimal conditions, the roller crusher equipment is subject to vibration. These vibrations are detrimental to the equipment, and deflector distributor retrofit kit bearings may have clearance or play, for example, between the bearing and a dowel pin included in the bearing, for example to attach a stem to it. Vibrations combined with clearance cause shock loads on bearings and pins, leading to premature failure of parts. The preloading device of the present invention ensures that, for example, a pin inserted into a bearing is displaced towards the inner surface of the bearing, so that when a vibration load occurs, the pin is already in contact with the inner surface of the bearing, thus avoiding shock loading when the outer surface of the pin hits the inner surface of the bearing.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflector distributor retrofit kit, applying a bias stress includes applying a compressive load to the first of the rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first rod and applying a tensile load to the second rod in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the second rod.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, biasing involves applying a compressive load to the rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, biasing involves applying a tensile load to both rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, biasing involves applying a load to at least one stem in a direction generally perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the lever comprises an element extending from the deflection distribution shaft. The lever converts the generally rectilinear movement of one of the rods into a rotational movement of the deflection distribution shaft and back into a generally rectilinear movement of the other rod.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the lever comprises an off-center rod mounting assembly on the deflection distribution shaft.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the slewing bearings are located between said deflection distributor shaft comprising two interconnected first and second shaft parts and said mounting bases. In one embodiment, the mounting bases contain slewing bearings, and in one embodiment, the slewing bearings are located in the deflection distribution shaft.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the slewing bearings comprise spherical bearings.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each stem is attached to the arm with a pivot bracket. The pivot joint between lever and stem ensures that the generally linear movement of the stem is transmitted to the lever and thus to the deflection distribution shaft without causing unnecessary torsional loads in the stem or lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the second end of each rod is configured to be attached to the movable bearing housing using a pivot bracket. The swivel joint between the bearing housing and the stem ensures that the linear motion of the bearing housing is transmitted to the stem without causing unnecessary torsional loads on the stem or bearing housing.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods are rigidly attached to the bearing housings. A rigid joint has fewer moving parts that are less labor intensive to manufacture and less prone to wear compared to moving joints. The rigid connection provides a different bending load than the swivel arm and this allows the use of reduced stem wall thickness and/or material thickness for the rigid connection.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods are attached to said arms with hemispherical plain bearings. The hemispherical plain bearing represents a very good compromise between rigidity while still allowing for pivoting between the arm and stem, thus reducing or avoiding the creation of torsional loads in the joint.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it further comprises at least one replacement roll for the roll crusher. A flange is attached to each end of one change roll, and these flanges extend in the radial direction of the roll and rise above the outer surface of the roll. By providing flanges at both ends of one of the crusher rolls, a more efficient and uniform loading of the feed material onto the rolls can be achieved. The flanges allow material to be fed in such a way that material pressure is built up along the entire length of the crusher rolls. It has been shown that by using flanges it is possible to increase the capacity of an existing roller crusher by up to 20% and sometimes more. A common problem with cutter rolls without flanges is that the ratio between roll diameter and roll width is very important due to the significant edge effect, i.e. the reduction result is reduced at the edges of the rolls. This is because the material can extend beyond the edges of the rolls, thereby reducing the crushing pressure acting on the material towards the gap at the edges of the rolls. Thus, without flanges, both the material coming out of the rolls and some of the material that has passed the gap at the edges of the crushing rolls must be disposed of due to the lower pressure resulting in less crushing at the edges. Here, the combination of the deflection distribution created by the present invention and the flanges is of great advantage. By ensuring that the movable crushing roll always remains parallel to the stationary crushing roll, the sealing properties of the flanges can be maintained at all times. The misalignment that occurs in prior art solutions requires a large distance between the flange and unflangeed rolls to avoid misalignment that breaks the flanges, and this reduces the efficiency of the flanges. In addition, an innovative combination of flanges on one of the crusher rolls and a deflection spreader to ensure that the crusher rolls are always parallel with any possible fluctuating material feed, provides a unique flat tire wear profile. Thus,

- 4 042260 the surface of the roll crusher will wear evenly over its entire surface, and this optimizes the crushing efficiency over the entire tire wear life and is essential for optimal use of the wear surface across the entire width of the roll, therefore increasing the life of the roll and thus increases crusher uptime. The fact that the crusher rolls are always kept parallel also allows for a thicker wear profile than prior art solutions. Such prior art solutions, in which roll loading is uneven along the length of the crushing rolls, result in a higher wear rate towards the middle of the crushing rolls, causing a so-called pool effect, i.e. the crusher rolls will wear faster towards the middle than towards their ends. , and create a wear profile having a central recess. This depression, in turn, results in lower material pressure in this area, resulting in unfavorable crushing results, meaning that the crusher rolls need to be replaced or upgraded. Thus, it does not make sense to make the wear surface as thick as possible, because the bath effect will at some point cause the roller crusher to be turned off. On the other hand, in the present invention, the bath effect is eliminated, and the wear thickness can be increased, which greatly increases the uptime. In addition, a deflection distributor retrofit kit maintains a feed pressure profile that limits recirculation of material that has not been crushed to the desired particle size.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the flange extends in the radial direction of the roll and rises above the outer surface of the roll. This height is preferably sufficient for the flange to extend across the slot substantially along the angle of the roll crusher. This is an advantage as the flange eliminates the weak spot at the edge of the rolls. The flange helps to keep the material on the outer surface of the roll. That is, thanks to the flange, material is prevented from falling out of the edge of the roll. This in turn helps to increase the pressure on the material towards the gap between the rolls at the edge of the rolls. Thus, the U-shaped grinding chamber has a roll surface and flanges on each side. In one embodiment, the flange comprises a wear resistant lining on its inside. This wear-resistant lining provides frictional engagement with the feed material to push the feed material into the gap between the rolls. This is an advantage as the design will further increase the pressure on the material towards the gap between the rolls at the edge of the roll. The design will interact with the material that will move inside the crushing zone, while the pressure will be optimized. Thus, the wear lining works as a supply structure.

Thus, in accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the flange comprises a supply structure on the inside of the flange.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it further comprises replaceable bearing housings for the crusher rolls. These interchangeable bearing housings can be adapted for use with a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it further comprises replaceable bearings for the crusher rolls. Again, these replacement bearings can be adapted for use with a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it further comprises replaceable bearings and replaceable bearing housings for the crusher rolls. Again, these interchangeable bearings and interchangeable bearing housings can be adapted for use with a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive. Since the crushing rolls will be held in parallel regardless of the uneven loading profile along the length of the unloading slot, the design of the bearing housing seal and internal bearing seals can be less complex. In addition, the bearings can be changed from spherical bearings to standard bearings. Again, this is made possible by allowing the second crushing roll to move in parallel regardless of uneven loading profile and/or impacts along the length of the discharge gap.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor shaft is shaped and profiled to minimize its deformation. The deflection distribution shaft may have a non-uniform cross section along its length. For example, it may have a large cross-sectional area at the center and decrease in cross-sectional area towards the first and second ends. In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft is rigid.

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft has a torque resistant profile.

- 5 042260

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft is made of steel.

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft is made of a composite material.

According to an embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft is cylindrical and has a diameter of 200 to 1000 mm.

According to an embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft is hollow and its wall thickness is between 10 and 200 mm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, at least one accumulator is configured to be connected to the hydraulic system of the roller crusher, said at least one accumulator acting as a spring in the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. This function of the spring can be improved by placing a pressurized gas chamber in the accumulator, for example using nitrogen, air or other suitable gas. In some embodiments, such pressurized gas may be replaced by a steel spring or the like. By providing such accumulators, acting as springs, specifically designed for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, better performance and performance can be achieved. For example, they can be placed in suitable locations and can also be configured to work optimally with the deflection distributor retrofit kit, eg taking into account the extremely fast response provided by the retrofit kit compared to known systems.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least one accumulator is located on mounting bases for attaching the deflection distribution shaft to the roll crusher frame. By installing the accumulator on mounting bases, it is possible to give the rods and the deflection distribution shaft a large range of movement without interfering with the accumulator.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there are end supports that are configured to be mounted on the frame of the roller crusher on its first and second sides. By making special end supports, you can provide the best possible conditions for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, for example by providing free passage of rods, stiffening the roller crusher frame, or providing accumulator attachment points for the roller crusher hydraulic system.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the mounting bases for the deflection distributor shaft are mounted on or housed in end supports.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods may pass side by side or pass through the end supports. Due to the fact that the rods pass near or even through the end supports, the deflection distributor retrofit kit works optimally.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each of the end supports includes a channel through which a respective stem can pass. By allowing the stems to pass through the end supports, the stems can maintain a simple and straight design.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the end supports are configured to be connected to at least one hydraulic cylinder of the roller crusher hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the passage is located between two connection points for said hydraulic cylinders, preferably midway between the two connection points. This allows you to achieve the desired distribution of deflection in the roller crusher. When the passage is located between two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby preventing or minimizing the generation of torsional forces in the roller crusher frame. This arrangement also provides excellent access to both the hydraulic system components and the rods and other parts of the deflection distributor retrofit kit.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is a cross beam extending between the movable bearing housings, and the second end of each rod is configured to be attached to the cross beam. This provides more flexibility in stem placement. They can be attached to the cross beam at any point along its length.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the cross beam is articulated with each of the movable bearing housings. The articulation has the advantage that it allows differentiation of the movements of the movable bearing housings.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the second end of each rod is pivotally attached to the cross beam. Again, the articulation allows the changing movements of neighboring parts to be accommodated and compensated for without torque build-up, or at least with less torque build-up.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each of the rods is positioned offset from the respective end support such that each of said rods is configured to extend adjacent to the end supports. This solution has the advantage that the stems can pass by the end supports without having to place end supports having a through hole. Instead, they run next to the end supports. It is sometimes inconvenient to locate end supports with a hole, since electrical wiring, hydraulic hoses or pipes can be routed on or inside the end supports. With this offset stem solution, the same end supports can be used without the need to reroute or rearrange wires, hoses, pipes, installations, or the like.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft extends along the corresponding inner surface of each end support. This provides a very compact solution with a minimum footprint.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, a bias bracket can be installed on each of the movable bearing housings, and the second end of each rod is connected to the corresponding bias bracket. Offset stem arrangement can be reliably achieved by using such an offset bracket.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each stem is attached to the arm via a rocker arm. The presence of the rocker allows the use of a deflection distributor retrofit kit without any significant modification to the roller crusher itself. In addition, it provides favorable situations of load on the structure.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is at least one rocker for each side of the roll crusher. Within the scope of the present invention, a centrally located rocker arm is possible. However, having one rocker on each side of the roller crusher provides better load distribution and better access to the equipment.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there are at least two rocker arms for each side of the roll crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first part of the rocker arm is configured to be connected to the frame of the roller crusher, and the second part of the rocker arm is connected to said lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each stem is attached to the rocker at a position between the first part and the second part.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first part of the rocker arm is articulated with the lower part of the roller crusher frame, and the second part is articulated with the arm.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is a control system. The control system is configured to monitor the misalignment between the first and second rolls of the crusher, and the control system is further configured to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The implementation of the control system in accordance with this embodiment of the present invention in combination with the deflection distributor reduces the forces acting on the deflection distributor, so that the structural dimensions of the parts can be reduced, and the emphasis on achieving maximum rigidity can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties.

In accordance with this embodiment of the present invention, complex hydraulic control systems are not required. Instead, in response to a certain excess of a predetermined skew threshold, it is sufficient to simply reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the side with the smallest deviation. This pressure reduction can be achieved by simply opening a valve with sufficient area to allow the hydraulic fluid to drain from the system into a suitable container. When the skew is reduced below a threshold, the valve closes and hydraulic fluid can be returned to the system.

In accordance with the second aspect of the invention, a method is provided for installing an upgrade kit for a deflection distributor made in accordance with the first aspect on a windrower.

- 7 042260 crusher. The roll crusher comprises a frame and first and second crushing rolls, which are axially parallel to each other. The first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable. The roll crusher further comprises a hydraulic system which is configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. The method includes the steps of attaching the second ends of the rods, respectively, to the movable bearing housings, and attaching mounting bases for each shaft element to the frame; attaching the deflection distribution shaft to said frame by means of mounting bases, said deflection distribution shaft comprising first and second parts, which are interconnected by means of a shock-absorbing assembly. Similarly, and in accordance with the upgrade kit, the proposed method provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to another embodiment of the method for installing the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the method further includes attaching a preload device and applying a bias voltage to portions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit by means of the preload device.

In accordance with another embodiment of the method for installing the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. The term parallel to a hydraulic system means that the two systems are functionally parallel to each other. If the deflection distributor retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system, the deflection properties and long response time of the hydraulic system do not affect the deflection performance of the deflector distributor retrofit kit. This provides much greater system sensitivity where the inherent rigidity of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can overcome and respond to uneven loads on the crusher rolls much faster than systems based on hydraulic system response.

In accordance with one embodiment of a method for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, the hydraulic system of the roll crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing housing on respective sides of the second crush roll. Each rod is located between, preferably in the middle, two hydraulic cylinders on the corresponding side of the second crushing roll. When the rod is located between the two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby minimizing the generation of torsional forces in the roller crusher frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each rod has a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the central axis of the second crushing roll. By positioning the rods perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll, the balancing of the resulting forces is improved even more and this ensures that the loads generated in the roller crusher are displaced in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll. This is an advantage given the frame design of most roller crushers, which is best suited to withstand forces in the longitudinal direction of the roller crusher, i.e. perpendicular to the center axis of the second crusher roller.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each rod is attached to the bearing housings in such a way that the common longitudinal central axes of the rods lie in the same plane as the longitudinal central axis of the crushing roll, i.e. they are at the same height. This ensures that forces from the crusher rolls acting on the bearing housings can be transferred to the rods without causing the bearing housings to rotate. Taking into account the fact that the forces in the equipment made in accordance with the present invention can be up to 10 MN per bearing housing, this is an important advantage of the invention.

In accordance with one embodiment of a method for mounting a deflection distributor retrofit kit, each arm is attached to a first end of a respective stem such that the longitudinal axis of the arm is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stem. This has the advantage that very limited stem bending will occur during use of the equipment. The lever will perform its function in a position perpendicular to or near the stem, and as such the stem will move in a more or less straight line. If another configuration were chosen, eg not substantially perpendicular, then the stem would have to flex more during its forward and backward stroke. This would be less advantageous and would require appropriate stem sizes and stem connections.

In accordance with one embodiment of the method of installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, the longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the distribution shaft

- 8 042260 deflection and pivot point of lever and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the method for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, a control system is installed that is configured to monitor the misalignment of the first and second crushing rolls, while the control system is further configured to reduce the pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response determining that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold value. As noted above with respect to the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it has several advantages which are accordingly applicable to the method. Among other things, the dimensions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a roller crusher is provided. The roller crusher contains a frame; first and second crushing rolls axially parallel to each other, wherein the first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings that are attached to the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings that are movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, the roller crusher further comprises a deflection distributor, wherein said deflection distributor comprises a deflection distribution shaft, mounting bases attaching said deflection distribution shaft to said frame of said roller crusher, and rods, each of which has first and second ends , wherein the first end of each of said rods is attached to said deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is attached to the movable bearing housing of said second crushing roll, and the deflection distribution shaft comprises first and second shaft parts that are connected with each other by means of a shock-absorbing node. Likewise, and in line with the retrofit kit, the proposed roller crusher provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to one embodiment of a roll crusher, the damping assembly is configured to dampen relative torsional motion between the first and second shaft portions.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorber has an adjustable damping factor and/or elasticity. This allows different threshold values to be set depending on the actual situation in which the roller crusher operates, i.e. type of crushed material; the amount of material to be crushed; roller crusher size, etc.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the damping assembly comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper.

A hydraulic or pneumatic damper can be easily adjusted to the required strength and will retain its damping properties over time.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the damper assembly includes a check valve.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the damping assembly comprises a torque-limiting clutch containing one or more elastomeric elements. The elastomeric elements can be tuned to provide the correct cushioning properties.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the elastomeric elements are pre-compressed. Due to the precompression, the elastomeric elements can retain their properties over time and hysteresis can be avoided or at least reduced.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, the elastomer elements are incompressible, the cushioning effect being achieved due to the deformation of the elastomer elements.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the deflection distribution shaft is axially divided into first and second parts. This allows the shock-absorbing assembly to be placed between the first and second shaft parts.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the shock-absorbing assembly is located between the first and second parts of the shaft.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, one of the first and second shaft parts at least partially surrounds the other shaft part. This reduces the amount of space required for the damper assembly since it can be located in the space between the first and second shaft portions.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, each of the first and second shaft portions includes a lever, and a shock-absorbing assembly is attached to each of said levers. This provides a reliable and very affordable solution.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the damping assembly is located inside the deflection distribution shaft. This reduces the amount of space required for

- 9 042260 damping unit, since it can be located in the space between the first and second parts of the shaft.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the damping assembly is located outside the deflection distribution shaft. This provides easy access to the equipment for adjustment or maintenance.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each of the first and second shaft portions includes a lever, with a damping assembly attached to each of said levers. This provides a reliable and very affordable solution.

According to one embodiment of a roll crusher, the first and second shaft portions are rigid.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the first and second parts of the shaft are hollow and have a wall thickness of 10 to 200 mm.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, there are end supports which are configured to be mounted on the frame of the roller crusher from said first and second sides thereof.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the deflection distributor is connected to the second roll in parallel with the hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, one roll of the first and second crushing rolls has a flange attached to each end thereof, and this flange extends in the radial direction of the roll and rises above the outer surface of the roll.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the preloading device is configured to create a biasing stress in the rod or in the deflection distribution shaft.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, applying a bias stress includes applying a compressive load to the first rod in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first rod and applying a tensile load to the second rod in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the second rod.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, biasing involves applying a compressive load to the rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, biasing involves applying a compressive load to both rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the deflection distributor is connected to a second crushing roll in parallel with the hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the movable bearing housings are slidable and moveable within the frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the bearing housings of said first crushing roll are fixed in the frame of the roll crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, mounting bases for the deflection distribution shaft are attached to the frame of the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher, the hydraulic system of the roll crusher for each movable bearing comprises two hydraulic cylinders located on respective sides of the second crushing roll, with each rod located between two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crushing roll, preferably midway between the two hydraulic cylinders on the corresponding side of the second crushing roll. In this way, a preferential distribution of the load within the roller crusher is achieved.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the longitudinal axis of each rod generally lies in the same plane as the longitudinal central axis of the second roll. Again, this provides an advantageous load distribution with no roll crusher torque build-up, or at least reduced roll crusher torque build-up.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each lever is attached to a first end of a respective rod such that the longitudinal axis of the lever is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod. As stated above, this has several advantages, including that the rods do not have to flex or flex at least to a lesser degree during forward and reverse motion.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the longitudinal axis of the arm passes through the central axis of the deflection distribution shaft and the pivot point of the arm and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, a flange is attached to each end of one roll of the first and second crushing rolls, extending in the radial direction of the roll and rising above the outer surface of the roll.

- 10 042260

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the flange includes a feed structure located on its inner side.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the frame further comprises end supports.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the hydraulic system is located at least partially between said end supports and said movable bearing housings, with each of said rods passing through a respective end support.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each rod is positioned offset from its respective end support such that each rod is adjacent to its respective end support.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher, a cross beam is located between the movable bearing housings, with the second end of each of said rods attached to said movable bearing housing of said second crushing roll through said cross beam. The use of a cross beam provides more flexibility in stem placement. They can be attached to the cross beam at any point along its length.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the cross beam is pivotally connected to each of the movable bearing housings.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the cross beam can be divided into at least two parts. This simplifies assembly and disassembly.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the second end of each said rod is rotatably attached to said cross beam. Such swivel joints can adapt and compensate for the different movements of the parts connected to each other through the cross beam, without unnecessarily increasing the torque in the roller crusher.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each rod is offset from a respective end support such that each rod extends adjacent to the respective end supports. This solution has the advantage that the stems can pass by the end supports without having to make the end supports with a through hole. Instead, they run next to the end supports. It is sometimes inconvenient to make end supports with a hole, since electrical wiring, hydraulic hoses or pipes can be located on or inside the end supports. With this offset stem solution, the same end supports can be used without the need for rerouting or rearranging wires, hoses, pipes, installation or anything like that.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, each rod is located offset inwardly from the respective end support, so that each said rod can extend along the inner surface of the respective end support.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, a deflection distribution shaft extends between a respective inner surface of each end support. This provides a very compact solution with a minimum footprint.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, each movable bearing housing is provided with an offset bracket, with the second end of each rod connected to a respective movable bearing housing via a respective offset bracket. Offset stem arrangement can be reliably achieved by using such an offset bracket.

According to other embodiments of the roller crusher, the deflection distributor may have the same characteristics as the deflection distributor of the deflection distributor retrofit kit described above.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the first end of each rod is attached to the lever using a rocker.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, at least one rocker is placed on each side of the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the first part of the rocker is connected to the frame of the roller crusher, and the second part of the rocker is connected to the lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the first end of each rod is connected to a rocker at a position between the first part and the second part.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the first part of the rocker arm is pivotally connected to the lower part of the frame, and the second part of the rocker arm is pivotally connected to the arm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the rocker is located essentially vertically.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the rods and lever are located essentially perpendicular to the rocker.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the rocker is located outside the frame.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the rocker is located on the inside of the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, at least two rocker arms are located on each side of the roll crusher.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, for each side of the roller crusher, one rocker is located outside the frame and one rocker is located inside the frame.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the deflection distribution shaft is located on top of the frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher, a control system is installed that is configured to monitor the misalignment of the first and second rolls of the crusher, while the control system is further configured to reduce pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining whether that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold. As noted above with regard to the Diverter Distributor Upgrade Kit, it has several advantages that apply accordingly to the Roll Crusher. Among other things, the dimensions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, another roll crusher is provided. The roller crusher contains a frame; first and second crushing rolls axially parallel to each other, wherein the first crushing roll is supported in bearings that are movable relative to the frame, the second crushing roll is supported in bearings that are also movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the positions of the crushing rolls and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, the roller crusher further comprises at least one deflection distributor, wherein said at least one deflection distributor comprises a deflection distribution shaft, mounting bases attaching said deflection distribution shaft to said roller crusher frame, and rods, each of which it has first and second ends, wherein the first end of each of said rods is attached to said deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever, while the second end of each of said rods is attached to the movable bearing housing of said crushing rolls, and the shaft comprises first and second parts, which are interconnected by means of a shock-absorbing assembly.

Similarly, and in accordance with the retrofit kit, a roller crusher made in accordance with this fourth aspect provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, at least one deflection distributor is connected to the second crushing roll in parallel with the hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are slidable and movable within the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are rotatable relative to the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the mounting bases for the deflection distribution shaft are attached to the frame of the roller crusher.

According to other embodiments of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, said at least one deflection distributor may have the same characteristics as the deflection distributor of the deflection distributor retrofit kit described above.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on respective sides of the second crusher roller, with each rod located between two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roller. roll.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, each rod is located between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller, preferably midway between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, each arm is attached to the first end of a respective rod such that

- 12 042260 the longitudinal axis of the lever is located essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stem.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, said longitudinal axis of the arm passes through the central axis of the deflection distribution shaft and the pivot point of the arm and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, a flange is attached to each end of one roll of the first and second crushing rolls, extending in the radial direction of the roll and rising above the outer surface of the roll.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the flange includes a feed structure on its inner side.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, one deflection distributor is installed on each roll of the crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher made in accordance with this fourth aspect, a control system is installed that is configured to monitor the misalignment of the first and second rolls of the crusher, while the control system is further configured to reduce the pressure in the specified hydraulic system on the first or to the second side in response to determining that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold.

In accordance with a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a deflection distributor retrofit kit for a roll crusher having a fixed roll and a movable roll between which a discharge gap is provided, the movable roll having first and second ends. According to this aspect, the deflection distributor retrofit kit comprises first and second rods, each having a first end and a second end, the second end of each rod being connected to one of the first or second ends of the movable roll to move with the movable roll; first and second levers, each of which is connected to the first end of one of the first and second rods; and a rotating deflection distribution shaft connected between the first and second levers, wherein the movement of one of the first or second levers causes rotation of the deflection distribution shaft and the other of the first or second levers, while the deflection distribution shaft comprises first and second parts that are interconnected through a shock absorber.

According to other embodiments of the deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with this fifth aspect, the deflection distributor may have the same features as those described for the deflection distributor of the first aspect of the present invention.

Similarly, and in accordance with the upgrade kit described above, this upgrade kit according to the fifth aspect provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, a method for controlling a roller crusher is provided. SUBSTANCE: roll crusher comprises a frame and first and second crushing rolls, which are located in the axial direction parallel to each other. The first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable. The roll crusher further comprises an active hydraulic system which is configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. The roller crusher also includes a control system that is configured to monitor misalignment between the first and second crusher rolls, wherein the control system is further configured to reduce pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment is greater than a predetermined threshold. meaning.

The method includes the steps:

determining one or more threshold values of misalignment between the rolls of the crusher; skew tracking;

reducing the pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a misalignment that exceeds one or more predetermined thresholds.

Likewise, and in accordance with the retrofit kit and other aspects of the present invention, the method of the present invention provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, from the appended claims, as well as from the drawings. It should be noted that the invention applies to all possible combinations of features. In particular, it should be noted that all embodiments of any aspect of the invention may apply, respectively, to all other aspects.

In general, all terms used in the claims should be interpreted in accordance with their usual meaning in the technical field, unless expressly stated in this document.

- 13 042260 otherwise specified. All references to one (element, device, component, means, step, etc.) should be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of the specified element, device, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly otherwise indicated.

As used herein, the term "comprising" and variations of this term are not intended to exclude other additions, components, entire assemblies, or steps.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a roller crusher according to the prior art;

fig. 2A is a perspective view of a deflector distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 2B is a perspective view of a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 2C is a perspective view of a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 2D is a perspective view of a deflector distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 2E shows a perspective view of a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with yet another embodiment;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a device with a deflection distributor and first and second crushing rolls;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of deflection distributor changes during uneven feeding along the length of the discharge gap in a roller crusher with a deflection distributor constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 6 shows a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 7 depicts a deflector distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 8 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 9 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 10 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 11 shows part of a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 12 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 13 depicts a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed invention;

fig. 14 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of a deflection distributor and control system retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed invention;

fig. 16 is a perspective view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 17 is a side view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with an embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Detailed description

Hereinafter, the present invention is described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show illustrative embodiments of the invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for the sake of detail and completeness and to fully convey the scope of the invention to the skilled artisan. The same position numbers refer to the same elements throughout.

Fig. 1 shows a roller crusher 1 according to the prior art. Such a roller crusher 1 comprises a frame 2 in which a first fixed crushing roller 3 is mounted in bearings 5, 5'. The housings 35, 35' of these bearings 5, 5' are rigidly attached to the frame 2 and are thus fixed. The second crushing roller 4 is located in the frame 2 on bearings 6, 6', which are mounted in the frame 2 with the possibility of sliding. Bearings 6, 6' can move in the frame 2 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first and second crushing rolls 3, 4. Usually in the frame on the first and second sides 50, 50' along the upper and lower longitudinal elements 12, 12', 13, 13' frame roller crusher 1 is the guide structure 7, 7'. The bearings 6, 6' are located in movable bearing housings 8, 8' which can slide along the guide structure 7, 7'. In addition, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' are disposed between the movable bearing housing 8, 8' and the first and second end supports 11, 11', which are located adjacent or not to the first end 51 of the roller crusher 1. These end supports 11, 11' attach the upper and lower longitudinal members 12, 12', 13, 13' of the frame and also act as a support for the forces generated in the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' as they adjust the gap width and respond to forces acting on the crusher rolls due to the material fed into the roll crusher 1. Such roll crushers operate in accordance with the crushing technology described above, called interparticle crushing, while the gap between the crushing rolls 3, 4 is controlled by the interaction of the supplied feed material and the hydraulic system, affecting the position of the second crushing roll 4. As mentioned above, such a roller crusher of the prior art has the disadvantage of delaying the adjustment of the position of the second crushing roll 4. , especially if it hits an off-center slot, the second crushing roll 4 may warp and the hydraulic system 10, 10' will be too slow to adjust the position of the movable bearing housings to maintain a constant supply pressure, and the movable bearing housings may become wedged in the guides 7, 7', and in the case of non-crushable material, the surface of the crushing rolls may be damaged by this material and the entire frame 2 of the roller crusher 1 may be warped. In FIG. 2A and 2B show a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with the present invention. First, the components of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 will be described, and then its advantages will be detailed. The deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 comprises a deflection distribution shaft 20 and levers 25, 25' attached to respective ends of the shaft 20. The deflection distribution shaft 20 comprises two interlockable shaft elements 201 and 202, wherein FIG. 2A and 2B, two shaft members 201, 202 are shown connected to each other by means of a damping assembly 204. In addition, a mounting base 24, 24' is located at each end of shaft 20, which is used to mount shaft 20 or shaft members 201 and 202 of retrofit kit 100. of the deflection distributor on the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1. The deflection distribution shaft 20 includes swivel bearings, preferably spherical bearings, which at each end allow the shaft 20 to rotate relative to the mounting bases. Each lever 25, 25' includes a rod 26, 26', which is attached at its first end to the deflection distribution shaft 20 and extends in the radial or tangential direction of the shaft 20. Attached to the second end of each lever 26, 26' is the first end 27, 27' of the rod. 21, 21'. The second ends 28, 28' of the rods are intended to be attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' of the roller crusher 1. Each lever 25, 25' is attached to the first end 27, 27' of the corresponding rod 21, 21', so that the longitudinal axis of the lever 25, 25' is located essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stem 21, 21'. In addition, the longitudinal axis of the lever 25, 25' passes through the central axis of the deflection distribution shaft 20 and the pivot point of the lever 25, 25' and the stem 21, 21'.

Cushioning node 204 contains two elements 205, 205', each of which is attached to the corresponding element 201, 202 of the shaft. A shock absorber 206 is attached to one end of each element 205, 205'. This shock absorber may include, for example, elastic elements that are pre-set to deform or expand under a given load, so that the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 can perform its functions under normal load conditions, that is, keep the roller crusher rolls parallel to each other, but as soon as forces in the mechanical connection between the movable bearing housings will exceed a predetermined threshold, the shock-absorbing assembly 204 allows relative rotational movement between the elements 201, 202 of the shaft. This prevents damage to the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 and to the roller crusher on which the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 is installed. It should be noted that shock absorber 206 can only be limited in travel to eliminate load surges that can sometimes occur in roll crushers, but the roll crusher rolls can remain in a more or less parallel orientation, so that any flanges

- 15 042260 located on any roll will not come into contact with the outer surface of another roll, potentially damaging the flanges. Thus, the shock absorber assembly 204 specifically allows only limited non-parallelism. This will still be sufficient to stop load spikes that could cause structural damage to the deflector distributor retrofit kit 100 or roller crusher. The elastic elements of the shock absorber 206 can be pre-compressed to avoid fatigue over time and to avoid or at least reduce hysteresis. The shock absorber may also comprise a hydraulic component using a damping medium and valves, optionally adjustable, which will have the desired damping function. Fig. 2B illustrates the function of the present invention. The compression force F1 acts on the first rod 21 and the tension force F2 acts on the second rod 21'. If these forces exceed a predetermined threshold, with forces exceeding this threshold being considered likely to damage equipment, a small relative rotational movement R1-R2 is allowed between the shaft members 201, 202. If the above threshold event has passed, the shock absorber resets when the rollers of the roller crusher are again parallel to each other.

Fig. 2C depicts one embodiment in which the shaft element 201 is inserted into the shaft element 202 and the damping assembly 204 is located within the shaft element 202. This provides the great advantage that the deflection distribution shaft as a whole will not take up any additional space compared to a rigid single shaft. In addition, the cushion assembly 204 is protected from dirt, etc.

Fig. 2D depicts one embodiment in which the damper assembly 204 comprises a torsion joint, comprising a first hub 207 attached and rotatably attached to the first shaft member 201 via, for example, a splined joint 210, a second hub 208 attached and secured with pivotable to the second shaft element 202, and a plurality of elastic elements 209. The second hub 208 includes pockets 211, each of which can accommodate two elastic elements 209 and one flange element 212 of the first hub 207. When these two shaft elements 201, 202 are connected, in In this embodiment, by inserting the first hub and elastic members 209 into the second hub 208, the shaft members 201, 202 will function as a deflection distribution shaft until a predetermined force is reached. This means that the mechanical connection will distribute the movements of the bearing housings so that the rolls are kept parallel. However, when this threshold value is exceeded, the flanges 212 of the first hub 207 will cause deformation or expansion of the elastic elements 210 between which the flange is clamped. Similar to previous embodiments, elastic members 210 can be pre-compressed to avoid fatigue over time and to avoid or at least reduce hysteresis. The elastic members may be incompressible so that the cushioning effect is caused by deformation rather than compression. As soon as the event above the threshold has passed, the shock absorber returns to its original state, in which the rolls of the roll crusher are again parallel to each other. The embodiment shown in FIG. 2D has the advantage that the external dimensions of the damping assembly are the same or substantially the same as those of the deflection distribution shaft as such, allowing it to be installed also in situations with limited space for additional equipment.

Fig. 2E depicts an alternate deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 further comprising a preload device that biases portions of the deflector distributor retrofit kit. In this embodiment, the stems 21, 21' have means for adjusting their length. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2E, this length adjustment is provided as a threaded solution similar to how a turnbuckle or pinch screw works. The first end 27, 27' and the second end 28, 28' are threaded and are connected to the threads through the central part 22, 22'. The two ends of the center portion 22, 22' comprise one left-hand thread and one right-hand thread so that when the center portion 22, 22' rotates, both the first end 27, 27' and the second end 28, 28' will retract, or both ends will be pulled out. This means that the overall length of the rods 21, 21' can be adjusted. This, in turn, means that by shortening one of the rods 21, 21' and lengthening the other, a bias stress can be created in the mechanical connection between the bearing housings 8, 8', so that a bias stress is generated at the mechanical connection points in one direction. . For example, a pin 30, 30' inserted into a bearing will move towards the inner surface of the bearing. When vibrations occur, the pin 30, 30' already abuts against the bearing surface and shock loads can be eliminated or at least reduced. It is believed that this bias stress, which is directed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rods 21, 21', will be more effective in reducing the detrimental effect of vibration loads in one direction only and less so in relation to vibrations in other directions. For example, a stem 21, 21' that has been elongated such that it is subjected to a compressive load will be less susceptible to damage due to the forces of vibration acting to further compress the stem 21, 21'. This is due to the fact that any gap between the parts of the connections, for example, the pin 30, 30' and the inner surface of the bearing of the rotary krone

- 16 042260 matte 31, 31', has already been eliminated, so that when the force from vibration acts on the connection, the parts abut against each other, which avoids shock loading. Thus, assuming that the forces are evenly distributed between the events causing the rods 21, 21' to compress and the rods 21, 21' to stretch, the effect of at least 50% of the vibration events can be reduced. The length adjustment in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2E can be made by rotating the central part 22, 22' using a tool that fits into the hole 23, 23'. This is only an example and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this rotation can be performed in many other ways. The locking elements 36, 36' are also designed to maintain the preferred length of the stems 21, 21'. These locking elements 36, 36' must be located both at the first ends 27, 27' and at the second ends 28, 28'. Similar to, for example, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A, the shaft 20 is divided into two elements 201, 202 and has a cushion assembly 204. The cushion assembly 204 comprises two members 205, 205', each of which is attached to a respective shaft member 201, 202. A shock absorber 206 is attached to one end of each element 205, 205'.

A deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with the present invention can be installed on known roller crushers 1 as shown in FIG. 1. By using the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100, the problems in known roller crushers 1 are eliminated, in particular, the misalignment problem in the roller crusher 1 can be avoided. fed into the roller crusher, and the width of the slot can also vary along the length of the crushing rollers 3, 4, depending on how the material is fed to the roller crusher 1 and on the characteristics of this feed. For example, if more material is located closer to the first side 50 of the roller crusher 1, then there is a risk that the gap becomes wider at the first end 50 than at the second side 50' of the roller crusher 1. The movable second crushing roller 4 is skewed. This has several drawbacks. For example, misalignment creates forces that the roller crusher 1 may not be able to handle. The frame 2 as a whole is designed to withstand forces directed in the longitudinal direction of the roller crusher 1. In addition, forces in the oblique directions may cause jamming in the guide structure 7, 7', with the movable bearing housings 8, 8' being stuck, thus becoming unable to react and move as required by the situation with the supply of material. In order to avoid distortion, it is necessary that both ends of the second crushing roll 4, 4' travel the same distance in the same time in response to an uneven feed event, that is, a feed situation where the load at one end of the second crushing roll 4 is greater than than the load at the second end of the second crushing roll 4. The hydraulic system 10, 10' containing the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' cannot adequately quickly respond to these distortions. In such situations, a large amount of hydraulic fluid is required to move in a fraction of a second. Not only does the hydraulic system need to displace this amount of hydraulic fluid in such a short time, but it must also first measure the correct amount of fluid to be displaced. On the other hand, the deflection distributor according to the present invention does not have these problems. It can immediately transmit an unbalanced load event from one movable bearing housing 8, 8' located on one side of the roller crusher 1 to a movable bearing housing 8, 8' located on the other side of the roller crusher 1. In response to the displacement of one of the movable housings 8, 8' bearings, a corresponding rod 21, 21' attached to this movable bearing housing 8, 8' will move the corresponding lever 25, 25', which in turn will cause the deflection distribution shaft 20 in the slewing bearings to rotate in mounting bases 24, 24', thereby causing a corresponding movement of the other arm 25, 25', the other rod 21, 21', and finally the other movable bearing housing 8, 8'. This can also be seen in the schematic plan view shown in FIG. 5. Here, a situation has been described in which the uneven feeding event between the crushing rolls 3, 4 is off-center, more toward the first side 50 of the roll crusher. This causes the first rod 21 to move towards the first end 51 of the roller crusher 1 and this in turn causes the first arm 25 to also move towards the first end 51 and, due to its connection with the deflection distribution shaft 20, the shaft 20 will be forced to turn in the rotary bearings in mounting bases 24, 24'. This rotation moves the second lever 25' similarly to the first lever 25, and the movement of the second lever 25' causes the second rod 21' to move identically to the movement of the first rod 21, thereby facilitating the parallel movement of the two movable bearing housings 8, 8', so that the second movable crushing roller 4 is kept parallel to the first stationary crushing roller 3 all the time.

As can be seen in FIG. 5, the resultant forces acting on the bearings of the bearing housings 8, 8' are directed in the same direction, but the force acting on the first bearing housing 8 will be greater. It is this difference in resultant loads that would otherwise cause the second crushing roll 4 to skew and the movable bearing housings 8, 8' to jam in the guide structure, as well as cause excessive wear of the roll crusher 1 as a whole. The deflection distributor 100, made in accordance with the disclosed invention, will affect

- 17 042260 overload at one end and automatically deflect the other end by the same distance and thus maintain parallelism and will also provide a parallel return as well as a constant feed pressure profile in the roller crusher 1. FIG. 3, a roller crusher 1 can be seen with a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 a roller crusher 1 with a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, it can be seen that the mounting bases 24, 24' of the deflection distribution shaft 20 are attached to the end supports 11, 11' of the frame 2, while the rods 21, 21' pass through channels 29, 29' in the end supports 11, 11'. It is easy to understand that other solutions than channels are possible, for example recesses or the like provided in the outer or inner side walls of the end supports 11, 11'.

In the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 and 17, the hydraulic system 10 comprises four hydraulic cylinders 9, 9', two on each side 50, 50' of the roller crusher 1, with each rod 21, 21' extending respectively between two hydraulic cylinders 9, 9'. This is an advantage in that it can help achieve a balanced load. The mounting bases 24, 24' are bolted to the respective end supports 11, 11', but other mounting options, such as welding, will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In these embodiments, the rods 21, 21' are attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' by a first pivot bracket 31, 31' and to the arms 25, 25' by a second pivot bracket 30, 30'. The advantages of these swivel arms are discussed in detail below with reference to FIG. 6. Other means of fastening are also possible, for example, the rods 21, 21' may be rigidly bolted to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' and may be attached to the arms 25, 25' by hemispherical plain bearings.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 16 may also comprise four hydraulic cylinders, two on each side of the roller crusher 1, each rod 21, 21' extending respectively between two hydraulic cylinders 9. The hydraulic cylinders 9 are shown in position for the embodiment shown in FIG. 17.

Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a deflection distributor according to one embodiment of the disclosed invention mounted and connected to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' of a second crushing roll 4 with the first crushing roll 3 parallel to it. By means of a deflection distributor according to the disclosed invention, a mechanical connection is created between the bearing housings 8, 8' located at the respective two ends of the second crushing roll 4. Thus, any uneven supply of material (grip or feed characteristics) that is unevenly distributed along the length of the discharge gap acting on the second crushing roll 4, by means of a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention, leads to a parallel movement of both bearing housings 8, 8', regardless of the position of this uneven supply of material along the length of the discharge gap.

Fig. 6 shows a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed invention. The deflection distributor upgrade kit 100 includes a shaft 20 with elements 25, 25' and rods 21, 21', as well as end supports 11, 11', on which the deflection distribution shaft 20 is mounted with mounting bases 24, 24'. Rods 21, 21' are located in channels 29, 29' which are provided in each end support 11, 11' to allow rods 21, 21' to move substantially in a straight line through channels 29, 29'. The rods 21, 21' are located with swivel brackets 30, 30' at their first ends 27, 27' on the elements 25, 25', as well as with swivel brackets 31, 31' at the second end 28, 28' for further attachment to the movable housings 8, 8' bearings in a roller crusher 1. The articulation 30, 30' of the stem 21, 21' and the member 25, 25' results in a rectilinear or generally rectilinear movement in the stem 21, 21' being transmitted to the lever 25, 25 ' and thus onto the deflection distribution shaft 20 without causing unnecessary torsional load in the stem 21, 21' or in the lever 25, 25'. The articulation 31, 31' of the stem 21, 21' and the movable bearing housing 8, 8' will ensure that the linear motion of the bearing housing 8, 8' is transmitted to the stem 21, 21' without causing unnecessary torsional loads in the stem 21, 21' or in housing 8, 8' bearings.

The end supports 11, 11' are designed to be easily mounted on the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1 on the first side 50 and the second side 50', and can also be configured to be connected to at least one hydraulic cylinder 9, 9' of the hydraulic system 10, 10' of the roller crusher 1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the channels 29, 29' for the rods 21, 21' on each side 50, 50' are located between the two connection points 32, 32' for the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' and are located in a position that must be aligned perpendicularly and in the same horizontal plane as the central axis of the second crushing roll 4 in the roll crusher 1. With this arrangement, the deflection distributor 100 will operate in parallel with the hydraulic system 10, 10', as described above, and ensures optimal load distribution when mounted on

- 18 042260 roller crusher 1, while the load can be distributed in the same vertical plane and thus lead to less stress and torsional forces in the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1.

Fig. 7 depicts a deflector distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed invention. This deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 contains, in addition to the parts shown in FIG. 6, also accumulators 33, 33', which are designed to be connected to the hydraulic system 10, 10' on the roller crusher. By using the accumulators in conjunction with the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100, the position of the accumulators 33, 33' can be optimized so as not to interfere with the attachment position of the deflection distributor shaft and rods, and to keep the accumulators as close as possible to the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9', so that minimize the number of pipelines for transporting hydraulic fluid back and forth from the accumulators 33, 33' and hydraulic cylinders 9, 9'. The accumulators 33, 33' may additionally be configured to operate in parallel with the deflection distributor of the disclosed invention.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 shown in FIG. 7 further comprises one or more change rolls 3, 4 for the roll crusher 1. A flange 34, 34' is attached to each end of one of the rolls 3. The flanges 34, 34' extend in the radial direction of the roll and rise above the outer surface of the roll. Since the parallel movement of the second crushing roll 4 is provided by a deflection distributor retrofit kit according to the disclosed invention, the first roll 3 can be provided with such flanges without any risk of displacement and thus without the risk of damage to the flanges or the surface of the roll crusher. The presence of flanges 34, 34' mounted on one of the crushing rolls 3 provides a much better crushing result and higher overall crushing pressure, as well as increasing the capacity of the roller crusher by about 10-20% or sometimes even more.

In an alternative embodiment, the flanges are located on the second crushing roll 4 and not on the first crushing roll 3.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 shown in FIG. 7 further comprises replaceable bearings 5, 5', 6, 6' for the crushing rolls 3, 4. The bearings 5, 5', 6, 6' used in the roll crusher 1 wear out after a certain period of time and need to be replaced, moreover, replacing them simultaneously with the replacement of crushing rolls 3, 4 is beneficial and effective for repair and service work. In addition, these replaceable bearings can be optimized for a roller crusher with a deflection distributor system located thereon, as disclosed in the Summary section of the description above.

Fig. 10 shows an alternative embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100, in which the cross beam 60 is attached to and interconnects the swing arms 31, 31'. The transverse beam 60 allows the rods 21, 21' to be offset relative to the end supports 11, 11' and/or the movable bearing housings 8, 8'. This allows the invention to be applied without the need to provide channels 29, 29' in the end supports 11, 11'. In some situations, such channels 29, 29' are unfavorable due to the presence of, for example, hydraulic hoses or pipes, or electrical installations on or within the end supports 11, 11'. Using the cross beam 60, it is possible to position the rods 21, 21' next to the end supports 11, 11', which can be left intact. The cross beam 60 can be attached to the swing arms 31, 31' by means of a pin 61, referred to here as vertical pins. In this embodiment, the cross beam has a circular cross section. Of course, other cross sections are also possible. The rods 21, 21' are hinged to the cross member 60 by, for example, spherical bearings or bushings or any other suitable means that can withstand the forces and maintain the articulation. In the present document, the deflection distribution shaft 20 is shown to fit into the frame of the roller crusher 1, but of course the deflection distribution shaft 20 could be positioned at the rear, similar to that shown in FIG. 3, or instead on top of the frame 2. As seen in FIG. 10, the deflection distribution shaft 20 is rotatably positioned between the inner surfaces of the end supports 11, 11'. This provides a very compact design that occupies a small footprint at the site where it is used. In fact, this solution ensures that the footprint of a roller crusher equipped with a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with the invention will be the same as a roller crusher without a deflection distributor retrofit kit. This is an important aspect, since space is always limited at sites where such equipment is used.

Fig. 8 and 9 disclose alternative embodiments of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 in which the offset brackets 131, 131' are located on the movable bearing housings 8, 8'. Like the cross beam 60 shown in FIG. 10, these offset brackets 131, 131' allow the rods 21, 21' to be mounted on end supports 11, 11' and/or movable bearing housings 8, 8' in an offset manner. This allows the rods 21, 21' to pass next to

- 19 042260 end supports 11, 11'. Preferably, the rods 21, 21' pass through the end supports 11, 11' from the inside. This reduces the footprint of the roller crusher compared to a solution where they run on the outside. As can be seen in FIG. 8, the deflection distribution shaft 20 is located on the rear side of the frame 2, while the deviation distribution shaft 20 in FIG. 9 is located inside frame 2. Both alternatives have their own particular advantages. For example, the solution shown in Fig. 9 takes up less space, while the solution shown in FIG. 8 requires less free height.

In FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of the deflector distributor retrofit kit 100 that includes a cross beam 60. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the cross beam 60 in this embodiment extends between two adjacent movable bearing housings 8, 8'. The transverse beam 60 in this embodiment comprises two adjacent, substantially flat, members 62 located respectively on the upper and lower sides of the swing arms 31, 31' and pivotally connected to the swing arms 31, 31' via a vertical pin 61. However the pin 61 can be located not in the vertical direction, but in other directions, for example, also or instead, in the horizontal direction. The rods 21, 21' are pivotally connected to the crossbeam 60 by a vertical pin 81, and the rods 21, 21' at their respective first ends are pivotally connected to the arms by a pivoting arm 30, 30', similarly to the previous embodiments. The solution of this embodiment has, like the embodiments shown in FIG. 8 and 10, with the advantage that the rods 21, 21' can extend adjacent to the end supports 11, 11'. This embodiment also allows the cross beam 60 to be assembled from smaller individual parts, such as upper and lower substantially flat members 62. This simplifies the installation and removal of the cross beam. The flat members 62 of the transverse beam provide excellent structural rigidity for this purpose without excessive use of material.

Fig. 12 shows an embodiment having a cross beam 60. At its ends, the cross beam 60 includes brackets 65, 65' which are attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' by pivot brackets 31, 31' via a vertical pin 61. Like the embodiment, shown in FIG. 11, the stems 21, 21' are compact and made from one piece, fitted with bushings or bearings 64 for increased life. Between the brackets 65, 65', the transverse beam 60 includes a tubular section 66 rigidly connected to the brackets 65, 65'. The tubular section 66 may also be in two pieces forming a split cross beam. This has the advantage that assembly and disassembly is simplified. Instead of using tubular section 66, other cross sections are of course possible, such as rectangular, oval, or any other suitable shape.

Fig. 13 and 14 show an embodiment in which a rocker arm 70 is provided. The first part of the rocker arm 70, referred to here as the end portion, is pivotally connected to the lower frame 2 of the roller crusher. The second part, here referred to as the second end part of the rocker arm 70, is pivotally connected to the lever 25, 25' via links 71, 71', and the rods are connected to the rocker arm 70 in a position lying between these first and second parts. The rods 21, 21' are attached to the movable bearing housings by offset brackets 131, 131', which allow the rods 21, 21' to run along both the inside and the outside of the roller crusher frame 2, hence not requiring any modifications to the roller crusher. crusher as such, or at least requires very few modifications. The location of the pivot point at the bottom of the frame 2 has the advantage that the resulting forces can be perfectly compensated by the frame 2, since the forces can be divided into the upper and lower parts of the frame 2 in a convenient way. Moreover, as can be seen in FIG. 13 and 14, the deflection distribution shaft 20 can be positioned on top of the roller crusher frame 2 without occupying additional space. Even in the situation where the second roller 4 is in the fully retracted position, i. e. when the gap between rolls 3, 4 is at its maximum, no part of the deflection distributor retrofit kit increases the length of the roll crusher in which it is installed. In FIG. 13 and 14 show a total of four rocker arms 70 and a total of four rods 21, 21'. For a person skilled in the art it is obvious that the number and specific arrangement of these elements can be chosen as deemed appropriate. For example, one rocker 70 could also be used for each side of the roll crusher, and even one rocker 70 located centrally. The same applies to the rods 21, 21' and links 71, 71', namely that the number of elements and their position can be changed. This embodiment also maintains the substantially horizontal position of the rods 21, 21' throughout their entire stroke, which is advantageous as it reduces the forces generated in the frame 2. Like the other embodiments described herein, spherical bearings are suitable for swivel joints. between frame 2, rocker arm 70, rods 21, 21', movable bearing housings, links 71, 71' and levers 25, 25'.

Fig. 15 shows an embodiment with a control system 200 in combination with a deflection distributor. The control system 200 is configured to monitor the misalignment between the first and second crushing rolls 3, 4, and the control system 200 further performs

- 20 042260 nena with the possibility of reducing the pressure in the hydraulic system 10, 10' on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The presence of such a control system reduces the forces acting on the deflection distributor, so that the structural dimensions of the parts can be reduced, and the emphasis on achieving maximum rigidity can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties. It does not require complex hydraulic control systems. Instead, in response to a certain excess of a predetermined skew threshold, it is sufficient to simply reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the side with the smallest deviation. This pressure reduction can be achieved by simply opening a valve with sufficient area to allow the hydraulic fluid to drain from the system into a suitable container. When the skew is reduced below a threshold value, the valve closes and hydraulic fluid can be returned to the hydraulic system 10, 10'. In FIG. 15, it can be seen that an uneven load has occurred and that the crushing force acting on the movable crushing roller 4 is greater towards the first side 50 of the roller crusher. The deflection distributor compensates for this and minimizes skew, but if the resulting forces are too great, at some point the deflection distributor may be pushed to its limits. In such a case, the control system 200 notices that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold. In response, the control system will reduce the pressure on the second side 50' that has deviated less, thereby assisting the deflection distributor in its attempts to minimize skew. Reducing the pressure can be done in many ways, one of which can be as simple as opening a valve to drain hydraulic fluid from hydraulic system 10', allowing it to flow into vessel 300'. Once the skew is below a predetermined threshold again, the valve may be closed and hydraulic fluid may be returned to the hydraulic system 10'. It should be noted that the control system according to this embodiment can be integrated into an already existing roller crusher control system. It can also be done as a completely separate system, or even done manually.

As indicated above, FIG. 16 and 17 are perspective and side views of a roller crusher made in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Two hydraulic cylinders 9 are shown in FIG. 17 with the stem 21 located between them, while in FIG. 16 hydraulic cylinders are not shown to show other details in more detail. In this embodiment, the mounting bases 24 are bolted to the respective end posts 11, but as noted above, other mounting options, such as welding, will be apparent to one skilled in the art. In this embodiment, the rods 21 are attached to the movable bearing housings 8 by a first pivot bracket 31 and to the arms 25 by a second pivot bracket 30. Other attachment methods are also possible, as described elsewhere in the present invention. In this embodiment, the deflection distribution shaft 20 with arms 25 and mounting bases 24 is mounted at the lower end of the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1, whereas in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the deflection distribution shaft 20 with arms 25 and mounting bases 24 is mounted at the upper end of frame 2. Positioning the deflection distribution shaft 20 with arms 25 and mounting bases 24 at or near the lower end of frame 2, as shown in FIG. 15 and 16 is sometimes preferred. This facilitates maintenance of the deflection shaft bearings 20 and the arms 25 since they are accessed from the lower end of the frame, ie at or near ground level. In addition, installation becomes less labor intensive as parts do not need to be lifted high off the ground. Often there is a top platform at or near the upper end of the frame 2 which provides access to the equipment from above. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 and 17, such a platform does not need to be modified to make room for, for example, the deflection distribution shaft 20 and support 24. In FIG. 16 and 17 show rods 21 passing through holes in end supports 11. However, other means are possible, as disclosed elsewhere in this invention, such as shown in FIG. 8-12 where the rods run along the end supports 11.

It will be apparent to the skilled person that a number of modifications to the embodiments described herein are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

When installed in the roller crusher 1, the deflection distributor 100 according to the disclosed invention operates at idle (no force or pressure acting) during balanced feeding and uniform distribution of the feed material, and operates only during unstable feeding situations such as uneven feeding. material along the length of the discharge slot and/or ingress of non-crushable material not in the center of the discharge slot. Thus, the deflection distributor 100 regulates the deflection of each bearing housing individually, controlling the spring rate of the roll crusher accumulator while maintaining a constant feed pressure profile.

The deflection distributor 100 of the disclosed invention provides the required instantaneous parallel deflection response time to cope with uneven material feed characteristics along the length of the discharge slot.

- 21 042260

Prior art solutions for dealing with non-uniform supply characteristics and/or random oil movement involve moving oil with valves and pumps from one side to the other to compensate for skew events resulting from uneven supply. However, these systems are not fast enough to limit the misalignment to an acceptable level that would allow flanges to be used on one of the crusher rolls and still maintain the damping spring effect without overloading or underloading the system. In addition, when compensating for uneven feed characteristics, the hydraulic systems in these prior art solutions typically move the second crushing roll 4 away from the center of the discharge slot, which reduces crushing pressure and results in inadequate crushing within the roll crusher. This increases the amount of material that needs to be recycled.

Maintaining the parallelism of the crusher rolls and a more or less constant crushing pressure on the feed material along the entire length of the crusher rolls, as well as over time, is key and important for a homogeneous production. In addition, the proposed position and fastening of the deflection distributor in the roller crusher, together with its design, minimizes the inertia and resulting forces during the rapid movement of the second roller 4 of the crusher.

In addition, as disclosed in the summary of the description, the deflection distributor can also be located in a roll crusher having two crushing rolls that can move inside the frame, and in such cases, one deflection distributor can be installed for each crushing roll. In addition, the deflection distributor can be installed on a roller crusher in which the bearing housings of the crushing rollers can be moved to rotate relative to the frame. It is also possible to position the deflection shaft mounting bases on a separate stand just outside the end side of the roller crusher frame holding the crusher movable roller, instead of attaching it directly to the frame, and still attach the rods to the movable crusher bearing housings. roll.

It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the lever described herein should generally be interpreted as the function it performs. For example, it is possible to attach the first end of the rod to the off-center deflection distribution shaft, thereby creating the necessary linkage. In general, the lever can be obtained in many ways by creating a distance between the fastening of the first end of the rod and the rotary axis of the deflection distribution shaft.

It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that depressurization of a hydraulic system, as described in one embodiment herein, may refer to only partial depressurization, or to depressurization entirely, depending on requirements.

It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the various embodiments described herein are compatible with each other, and the benefits discussed herein with respect to the various embodiments are equally applicable when the embodiments are combined with one another. For example, all embodiments described with respect to the damper assembly shown in FIG. 2A-2E can be combined with the individual embodiments described in FIG. 3-17.

Claims (40)

CLAIM 1. An upgrade kit for a deflection distributor for a roller crusher, characterized in that it comprises a deflection distribution shaft, rods, each of which has first and second ends, and mounting bases for attaching said deflection distribution shaft to the first and second sides of the frame of said roller crusher, wherein the first end of each of said rods is attached to said deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is configured to be attached to the movable bearing housing of said roller crusher, wherein the deflection distribution shaft comprises first and second parts that are interconnected through a shock absorber. 2. The retrofit kit of claim 1, wherein the damping assembly is configured to dampen the relative torsional motion between the first and second shaft portions. 3. The retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the damping assembly has an adjustable damping and/or resilience factor. 4. The retrofit kit of claim 1, wherein the damping assembly comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper. 5. The retrofit kit of claim 4, wherein the shock absorber assembly includes a check valve. 6. The retrofit kit of claim 1, wherein the damping assembly comprises a torque limited clutch comprising one or more elastomeric elements. 7. The retrofit kit of claim 6, wherein the elastomeric elements are pre-compressed. 8. The retrofit kit according to claim 6, wherein the elastomer elements are incompressible and the cushioning effect is achieved by deforming the elastomer elements. - 22 042260 9. A retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deflection distribution shaft is axially divided/divided into said first and second parts. 10. The retrofit kit as claimed in claim 9, wherein the damping assembly is located between the first and second shaft portions. 11. The retrofit kit of claim 1, wherein one of the first and second shaft portions surrounds the other shaft portion at least partially. 12. The retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the damping assembly is located within the deflection distribution shaft. 13. The retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shock absorbing assembly is located on the outside of the deflection distribution shaft. 14. The retrofit kit as claimed in claim 10, wherein each of the first and second shaft portions includes a lever, and a damping assembly is attached to each of said levers. 15. A retrofit kit according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one change roll for a roll crusher, at each end of which is attached a flange extending in the radial direction of the roll and rising above the outer surface of the roll. 16. A retrofit kit according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising replaceable roller bearings. 17. The retrofit kit of claim 1, wherein the first and second shaft portions are rigid. 18. Upgrading kit according to claim 1, in which the first and second parts of the shaft are hollow and their wall thickness is from 10 to 200 mm. 19. A retrofit kit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein there are end supports configured to be mounted on the roller crusher frame from said first and second sides thereof. 20. A method of installing an upgrade kit for a deflection distributor according to any one of the preceding claims on a roller crusher, wherein the roller crusher comprises a frame, first and second crushing rollers axially parallel to each other, the first crushing roller being supported in bearing housings located in the frame , and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable, and a hydraulic system, configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls, characterized in that the method includes attaching the second ends of the rods, respectively, to the movable housings bearings; and attaching the deflection distribution shaft to said frame by means of mounting bases, said deflection distribution shaft comprising first and second parts that are interconnected by means of a damping assembly. 21. The method of installing the deflection distributor retrofit kit according to claim 20, wherein said retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. 22. Roll crusher containing a frame, the first and second crushing rolls, located in the axial direction parallel to each other, and the first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable , and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls, while the roll crusher further comprises a deflection distributor, which contains a deflection distribution shaft, mounting bases for attaching said deflection distribution shaft to said frame of said roller crusher and rods, each of which has a first end and a second end, and the first end of each rod is attached to the specified deflection distribution shaft using a lever, and the second end of each rod is attached to the movable bearing housing of the second crusher roll, while the deflection distribution shaft contains the first and second parts connected to each other by means of a shock-absorbing assembly. 23. The roller crusher of claim 22, wherein the damping assembly is configured to dampen the relative torsional motion between the first and second shaft portions. 24. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein the damping assembly has an adjustable damping factor and/or elasticity. 25. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein the damping assembly comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper. 26. The roller crusher of claim 25, wherein the cushion assembly includes a check valve. 27. The roller crusher of claim 22, wherein the damping assembly comprises a torque limiting clutch comprising one or more elastomeric elements. 28. Roll crusher according to claim 27, wherein the elastomeric members are precompressed. - 23 042260 29. Roll crusher according to claim 27, wherein the elastomer elements are incompressible and the cushioning effect is achieved by deformation of the elastomer elements. 30. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein the deflection distribution shaft is divided/divided in the axial direction into said first and second parts. 31. Roll crusher according to claim 30, in which the shock-absorbing unit is located between the first and second parts of the shaft. 32. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein one of the first and second shaft portions surrounds the other shaft portion at least partially. 33. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein the damping assembly is located inside the deflection distribution shaft. 34. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein the damping assembly is located outside the deflection distribution shaft. 35. Roll crusher according to claim 34, in which each of the first and second parts of the shaft contains a lever, and a shock-absorbing assembly is attached to each of said levers. 36. Roll crusher according to claim 22, in which the first and second parts of the shaft are made rigid. 37. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein the first and second shaft parts are hollow and their wall thickness is from 10 to 200 mm. 38. A roller crusher as claimed in claim 22, wherein there are end supports that are configured to be mounted on the frame of the roller crusher at said first and second sides thereof. 39. Roll crusher according to claim 22, wherein the deflection distributor is connected to the second roll in parallel with the hydraulic system. 40. A roller crusher according to claim 22, wherein a flange is attached to each end of one of the first and second crushing rollers, extending in the radial direction of the roller and rising above the outer surface of the roller.