EA042399B1 - CRUSHING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention relates to a crushing device, in particular to a roller crusher in which two generally parallel rollers are separated by a gap and rotate in opposite directions, and in particular to a high pressure roller crusher and a system for distributing deflection in such high pressure roller crushers.

Prerequisites for the creation of the invention

When crushing or grinding rock, ore, cement clinker and other hard materials, roller crushers can be used with two generally parallel rollers that rotate in opposite directions, towards each other, and which are separated by a gap. The material to be shredded is then fed into the slot. Roll crushers of one type are called high pressure grinding rolls or high pressure roll crushers. Grinding of this type is described in US Patent No. 4,357,287, in which it has been found that it is not really necessary to strive for grinding individual particles when trying to achieve fine and/or very fine grinding of the material. On the other hand, it has been found that by creating such high compression forces that briquetting or agglomeration of particles occurs during grinding, significant energy savings and productivity increases can be achieved. This crushing method is called interparticle crushing. In this patent, the material to be crushed or pulverized is pulverized not only by the crushing surfaces of the rolls, but also by the particles of the material to be pulverized, hence the name interparticle crushing. US Pat. No. 4,357,287 indicates that such agglomeration can be achieved using much higher compression forces than earlier solutions. For example, forces up to 200 kg/cm ² have previously been used, while the solution in US Pat. No. 4,357,287 suggests using forces of at least 500 to 1500 kg/cm ² . In a roll crusher with a roll diameter of 1 m, 1500 kg/cm ² results in a force in excess of 200,000 1 kg/m of the roll length, while previously known solutions could and should only achieve a fraction of these forces. Another property of interparticle crushing is that the material to be crushed must be fed into the roller crusher in bulk, which means that the gap between the two opposite rollers of the roller crusher must always be filled with material along its entire length, and the material must always be loaded to a certain height. above the slot to keep the slot filled at all times and keep the particle compression state. This contributes to an increase in yield and the production of finer material. This is in sharp contrast to older solutions, where it has always been emphasized that breaking into single particles is the only way to obtain fine and very fine particle size reduction.

Interparticle crushing, in contrast to some other types of crushing equipment, such as, for example, sizing machines, has the property that during use it does not create a series of shocks and very different pressures. Instead, equipment using interparticle crushing operates with very high, more or less constant, pressure acting on the material present in the crushing zone created in and around the gap between the rolls.

In this type of roller crusher, the slot width is determined by the pressure characteristics of the feed material. The movement of the crushing rolls away from each other is controlled by a hydraulic system consisting of hydraulic cylinders and accumulators that provide a spring action to control the various material feed characteristics. For example, a higher feed density in a roll crusher will typically result in a larger gap width than a lower feed density, while uneven feed characteristics, such as uneven distribution of material feed along the length of the crusher rolls, will cause the gap width to be vary in the length of the crusher rolls, i.e. distortion will be created. Such uneven feeding characteristics can be caused by uneven feeding of the amount of material along the length of the crusher rolls, but can also be caused by different bulk density in the feed material, different particle size distribution in the feed material, varying moisture content in the feed material and a variety of tensile strengths of minerals in the feed. material, but also when using non-crushable material that can get into the feed material. Attempts have been made to avoid this skew problem, but these attempts usually result in complex systems.

The essence of the invention

The aim of the invention is to overcome or at least reduce the aforementioned problems. A specific goal is to create an upgrade kit for a deflection distributor for a roller crusher. In order to better solve this problem, in a first aspect of the invention, a deflection distributor retrofit kit for a roller crusher is provided, comprising a deflection distribution shaft and rods, each rod having first and second ends. In addition, there are mounting bases for attaching the deflection distribution shaft to the frame of the roller crusher, with the first end of each rod attached to the deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever. The second end of each rod is made with the possibility of attaching to the movable bearing housing of the roller crusher. The deflection distribution shaft contains at least two shaft elements that can be interconnected. This design has the advantage that the retrofit kit allows for ease of maintenance and installation, as well as the advantage that a mechanical connection is created between the bearing housings located on the respective sides of the movable crushing roll. This in turn means that any uneven feed along the length of the discharge slot can be immediately compensated for, so that under normal operating conditions the movable crushing roll will always be parallel to the stationary crushing roll, so that misalignment problems can be avoided. Skewness can be defined as the difference in slot width measured at two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Skewness can also be defined in terms of the gap width difference per unit length, eg mm/m, or as the angle between the center axes of the first and second rolls. In this document, skew is defined as the difference in slot width measured at two opposite ends of the crusher rolls. Skewed equipment causes unwanted stress on the roller crusher. The frame of these roll crushers is usually designed to withstand linear forces perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the crusher rolls, with roll misalignment creating forces that the frame cannot handle. In addition, the movable bearing housings of the movable crushing roll often move along the guide structure, and in situations where misalignment occurs, there is a risk that the movable bearing housing will jam in the guide structure and get stuck, resulting in an inability to respond to any necessary reciprocating motion. . It goes without saying that misalignment leads to disproportionate wear on the structure of the roller crusher. Taking into account the fact that the compressive forces applied to the equipment made in accordance with the present invention can be up to 20 MN per meter of crusher roll, any misalignment that occurs will have a very negative effect on the affected parts. In addition, stray (non-crushable) material may enter the feed material and must pass between the crusher rolls, requiring a short-term increase in the gap width. Such foreign material enters the crusher rolls at random points on the rolls. This means that skew can also occur when random material enters the slot. However, as stated above, the main reason for the misalignment of the crushing rolls in roller crushers is related to the uneven supply of material along the length of the discharge gap, different bulk density in the feed material, different particle sizes in the feed material, or different moisture content in the feed material along the length of the discharge gap. The deflection distributor according to the present invention compensates for this and transfers any unbalanced loads between the two sides of the movable crushing roll so that its parallel movement can be ensured. Previously known attempts to solve this problem involve complex hydraulic systems, and one of the main disadvantages of such systems is that they cannot respond quickly enough. To compensate for typical uneven material loading, a significant amount of hydraulic oil must be moved in a fraction of a second. This is, of course, extremely difficult to achieve, especially given the fact that, in addition to moving the oil per se, such a system must first measure how much oil needs to be moved to compensate for uneven loading. On the other hand, the deflection distributor according to the present invention has no difficulty in handling these large loads in short periods of time. The deflection distributor retrofit kit of the disclosed invention further maintains a constant feed pressure profile within the roller crusher, which is not achieved with prior art roller crushers and systems for uneven feed thereto.

By providing the deflection distribution shaft with at least two interlockable shaft elements instead of a single shaft, installation and maintenance are simplified.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the deflection distribution shaft comprises at least three interlockable shaft elements. By providing the deflection distribution shaft with at least three interlockable shaft elements instead of two shaft elements or a single shaft, their manufacture is simplified.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, said at least two shaft elements are interconnected by means of a rigid connection, wherein in one embodiment this rigid connection comprises a bolted connection.

In one embodiment of this first aspect, said at least two shaft elements are capable of being connected to each other by means of a pressure hydraulic or pneumatic connection, wherein in one embodiment the pressure hydraulic connection is a hydraulic connection using a turnbuckle. .

In one embodiment of this first aspect, the two shaft elements are configured to

- 2 042399 connections between each other by means of a safety clutch. In one embodiment of this first aspect, the safety clutch is a torque limited safety clutch. Due to the installation of a safety clutch between two shaft elements, in the event of a serious collision, these two shaft elements can be disconnected from each other.

In addition, by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic pressurized connection to connect the two shaft elements, the discharge pressure can be adapted to the specified roller crusher to which the deflection distributor retrofit kit is to be installed.

In another embodiment, the shaft elements are approximately the same length.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the mounting bases are configured to be attached to the roll crusher frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft, comprising at least two interconnected shaft elements, is rotatably supported in mounting bases. By accommodating the deflection distribution shaft in a rotatable frame, forces can be distributed from one side of the roller crusher to the other by the torsional movement of the deflection distribution shaft. The deflection distribution shaft, comprising at least two interconnected elements, can be made with high torsional rigidity so that any resulting loads will be transferred without delay or loss. If the connection between two shaft elements comprises a safety clutch, then the clutch can be configured to disengage if the torsional pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor retrofit kit further comprises a preloading device that applies bias stress to parts of the deflection distributor retrofit kit. By providing a preloading device that applies a biasing stress to parts of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the wear of the mechanical connection between the bearing housings located on the respective sides of the movable crushing roll can be reduced. In the process of crushing material in a roller crusher, vibrations occur. These vibrations are caused by shock loads that occur when material with different properties is clamped, crushed and discharged from the machine. Thus, even under normal and even optimal conditions, the roller crusher equipment is subject to vibration. These vibrations are detrimental to the equipment, and deflector distributor retrofit kit bearings may have clearance or play, for example, between the bearing and a dowel pin included in the bearing, for example to attach a stem to it. Vibrations combined with clearance cause shock loads on bearings and pins, leading to premature failure of parts. The preloading device of the present invention ensures that, for example, a pin inserted into a bearing is displaced towards the inner surface of the bearing, so that when a vibration load occurs, the pin is already in contact with the inner surface of the bearing, thus avoiding shock loading when the outer surface of the pin hits the inner surface of the bearing.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflector distributor retrofit kit, applying a bias stress includes applying a compressive load to the first of the rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first rod and applying a tensile load to the second rod in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the second rod.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, biasing involves applying a compressive load to the rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, biasing involves applying a tensile load to both rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, biasing involves applying a load to at least one stem in a direction generally perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said two shaft elements can be connected to each other by means of a shock-absorbing assembly. This design has the advantage that the retrofit kit provides damping in case of sudden load spikes that could otherwise cause damage to the equipment. It should be noted that under normal operating conditions, the damping assembly will not work, and the shaft elements will act as a single deflection distribution shaft, and only excessive load surges will cause the damping assembly to actuate.

- 3 042399

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the damping assembly is configured to dampen the relative torsional motion between the first and second shaft portions.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the damping assembly has an adjustable damping and/or resilience factor.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the damping assembly comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the damping assembly includes a check valve.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the shock absorbing assembly comprises a torque limited clutch containing one or more elastomeric elements.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the elastomeric elements are pre-compressed.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the elastomer elements are incompressible and the cushioning effect is achieved by deformation of the elastomer elements.

In accordance with one embodiment of the modification kit for the deflection distributor, the shock-absorbing assembly is located in the connection between the said at least two shaft elements.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the damping assembly is located on the outside of the deflection distribution shaft.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each shaft end includes a lever, and a shock-absorbing assembly is attached to each of said levers.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the lever comprises an element extending from the deflection distribution shaft. The lever converts the generally rectilinear movement of one of the rods into a rotary movement of the deflection distribution shaft and back into a generally rectilinear movement of the other rod.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the lever comprises an off-center rod mounting assembly on the deflection distribution shaft.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the slewing bearings are located between said deflector distributor shaft and said mounting bases. In one embodiment, the mounting bases contain slewing bearings, and in one embodiment, the slewing bearings are located in the deflection distribution shaft.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the slewing bearings comprise spherical bearings.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each stem is attached to the arm with a pivot bracket. The pivot joint between lever and stem ensures that the generally linear movement of the stem is transmitted to the lever and thus to the deflection distribution shaft without causing unnecessary torsional loads in the stem or lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the second end of each rod is configured to be attached to the movable bearing housing using a pivot bracket. The swivel joint between the bearing housing and the stem ensures that the linear motion of the bearing housing is transmitted to the stem without causing unnecessary torsional loads on the stem or bearing housing.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods are rigidly attached to the bearing housings. A rigid joint has fewer moving parts that are less labor intensive to manufacture and less prone to wear compared to moving joints. The rigid connection provides a different bending load than the swivel arm and this allows the use of reduced stem wall thickness and/or material thickness for the rigid connection.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods are attached to said arms with hemispherical plain bearings. The hemispherical plain bearing represents a very good compromise between rigidity while still allowing for pivoting between the arm and stem, thus reducing or avoiding the creation of torsional loads in the joint.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it further comprises at least one replacement roll for the roll crusher. TO

- 4 042399 a flange is attached to each end of one change roll, and these flanges extend in the radial direction of the roll and rise above the outer surface of the roll. By providing flanges at both ends of one of the crusher rolls, a more efficient and uniform loading of the feed material onto the rolls can be achieved. The flanges allow material to be fed in such a way that material pressure is built up along the entire length of the crusher rolls. It has been shown that by using flanges it is possible to increase the capacity of an existing roller crusher by up to 20% and sometimes more. A common problem with cutter rolls without flanges is that the ratio between roll diameter and roll width is very important due to the significant edge effect, i.e. the reduction result is reduced at the edges of the rolls. This is because the material can extend beyond the edges of the rolls, thereby reducing the crushing pressure acting on the material towards the gap at the edges of the rolls. Thus, without flanges, both the material coming out of the rolls and some of the material that has passed the gap at the edges of the crushing rolls must be disposed of due to the lower pressure resulting in less crushing at the edges. Here, the combination of the deflection distribution created by the present invention and the flanges is of great advantage. By ensuring that the movable crusher roll always remains parallel to the stationary crusher roller, the sealing properties of the flanges can be maintained at all times. The misalignment that occurs in prior art solutions requires a large distance between the flange and unflangeed rolls to avoid misalignment that breaks the flanges, and this reduces the effectiveness of the flanges. In addition, an innovative combination of flanges on one of the crusher rolls and a deflection spreader to ensure that the crusher rolls are always parallel with any possible fluctuating material feed, provides a unique flat tire wear profile. In this way, the surface of the roller crusher will wear evenly over its entire surface, and this optimizes the crushing efficiency over the life of the tire and is essential for optimal use of the wear surface across the entire width of the roll, therefore increasing the life of the roll and thus increases crusher uptime. The fact that the crusher rolls are always kept parallel also allows for a thicker wear profile than prior art solutions. Such prior art solutions, in which roll loading is uneven along the length of the crushing rolls, result in a higher wear rate towards the middle of the crushing rolls, causing a so-called pool effect, i.e. the crusher rolls will wear faster towards the middle than towards their ends. , and create a wear profile having a central recess. This depression, in turn, results in lower material pressure in this area, resulting in unfavorable crushing results, meaning that the crusher rolls need to be replaced or upgraded. Thus, it does not make sense to make the wear surface as thick as possible, because the bath effect will at some point cause the roller crusher to be turned off. On the other hand, in the present invention, the bath effect is eliminated, and the wear thickness can be increased, which greatly increases the uptime. In addition, a deflection distributor retrofit kit maintains a feed pressure profile that limits recirculation of material that has not been crushed to the desired particle size.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the flange extends in the radial direction of the roll and rises above the outer surface of the roll. This height is preferably sufficient for the flange to extend across the slot substantially along the angle of the roll crusher. This is an advantage as the flange eliminates the weak spot at the edge of the rolls. The flange helps to keep the material on the outer surface of the roll. That is, thanks to the flange, material is prevented from falling out of the edge of the roll. This in turn helps to increase the pressure on the material towards the gap between the rolls at the edge of the rolls. Thus, the U-shaped grinding chamber has a roll surface and flanges on each side. In one embodiment, the flange comprises a wear resistant lining on its inside. This wear-resistant lining provides frictional engagement with the feed material to push the feed material into the gap between the rolls. This is an advantage as the design will further increase the pressure on the material towards the gap between the rolls at the edge of the roll. The design will interact with the material that will move inside the crushing zone, while the pressure will be optimized. Thus, the wear lining works as a supply structure.

Thus, in accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the flange comprises a supply structure on the inside of the flange.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it further comprises replaceable bearing housings for the crusher rolls. These interchangeable bearing housings can be adapted for use with a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it additionally contains replaceable bearings for the crusher rolls. Again, these replacement bearings can be adapted for use with a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it further comprises replaceable bearings and replaceable bearing housings for the crusher rolls. Again, these interchangeable bearings and interchangeable bearing housings can be adapted for use with a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention and can make assembly work less labor intensive. Since the crushing rolls will be held in parallel regardless of the uneven loading profile along the length of the unloading slot, the design of the bearing housing seal and internal bearing seals can be less complex. In addition, the bearings can be changed from spherical bearings to standard bearings. Again, this is made possible by allowing the second crushing roll to move in parallel regardless of uneven loading profile and/or impacts along the length of the discharge gap.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least two shaft elements are shaped and profiled to minimize their deformation. Said at least two shaft elements may have a non-uniform cross section along their length. They may, for example, have a large cross-sectional area at the center and decrease in cross-sectional area towards one or both ends. In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the at least two shaft members are rigid.

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least two shaft elements have torque-resistant profiles.

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least two shaft elements are made of steel.

In one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least two shaft elements are made of a composite material.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least two shaft elements are cylindrical in shape and have a diameter of 200 to 1000 mm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least two shaft elements are hollow and have walls with a thickness of 0 to 100% of the shaft radius. In another embodiment, the wall thickness of the shaft elements is from 10 to 200 mm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, at least one accumulator is configured to be connected to the hydraulic system of the roller crusher, said at least one accumulator acting as a spring in the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. This function of the spring can be improved by placing a pressurized gas chamber in the accumulator, for example using nitrogen, air or other suitable gas. In some embodiments, such pressurized gas may be replaced by a steel spring or the like. By providing such accumulators, acting as springs, specifically designed for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, better performance and performance can be achieved. For example, they can be placed in suitable locations and can also be configured to work optimally with the deflection distributor retrofit kit, eg taking into account the extremely fast response provided by the retrofit kit compared to known systems.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, said at least one accumulator is located on mounting bases for attaching the deflection distribution shaft to the roll crusher frame. By installing the accumulator on mounting bases, it is possible to give the rods and the deflection distribution shaft a large range of movement without interfering with the accumulator.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there are end supports that are configured to be mounted on the frame of the roller crusher on its first and second sides. By making special end supports, you can provide the best possible conditions for the deflection distributor retrofit kit, for example by providing free passage of rods, stiffening the roller crusher frame, or providing accumulator attachment points for the roller crusher hydraulic system.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the mounting bases for the respective shaft end elements of said at least two shaft elements are mounted on or housed in the end supports.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the rods may pass side by side or pass through the end supports. Thanks to

- 6 042399 the stems run next to or even through the end supports, ensuring optimum operation of the deflection distributor retrofit kit.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each of the end supports includes a channel through which a respective stem can pass. By allowing the stems to pass through the end supports, the stems can maintain a simple and straight design.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the end supports are configured to be connected to at least one hydraulic cylinder of the roller crusher hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the passage is located between two connection points for said hydraulic cylinders, preferably midway between the two connection points. This allows you to achieve the desired distribution of deflection in the roller crusher. When the passage is located between two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby preventing or minimizing the generation of torsional forces in the roller crusher frame. This arrangement also provides excellent access to both the hydraulic system components and the rods and other parts of the deflection distributor retrofit kit.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is a cross beam extending between the movable bearing housings, and the second end of each rod is configured to be attached to the cross beam. This provides more flexibility in stem placement. They can be attached to the cross beam at any point along its length.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the cross beam is articulated with each of the movable bearing housings. The articulation has the advantage that it allows differentiation of the movements of the movable bearing housings.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the second end of each rod is pivotally attached to the cross beam. Again, the articulation allows the changing movements of adjacent parts to be accommodated and compensated for without torque build-up, or at least with less torque build-up.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each of the rods is positioned offset from the respective end support such that each of said rods is configured to extend adjacent to the end supports. This solution has the advantage that the stems can pass by the end supports without having to place end supports having a through hole. Instead, they run next to the end supports. It is sometimes inconvenient to locate end supports with a hole, since electrical wiring, hydraulic hoses or pipes can be routed on or inside the end supports. With this offset stem solution, the same end supports can be used without the need to reroute or rearrange wires, hoses, pipes, installations, or the like.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distribution shaft extends along the corresponding inner surface of each end support. This provides a very compact solution with a minimum footprint.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, a bias bracket can be installed on each of the movable bearing housings and the other end of each rod is connected to the corresponding bias bracket. Offset stem arrangement can be reliably achieved by using such an offset bracket.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each stem is attached to the arm via a rocker arm. The presence of the rocker allows the use of a deflection distributor retrofit kit without any significant modification to the roller crusher itself. In addition, it provides favorable situations of load on the structure.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is at least one rocker for each side of the roll crusher. Within the scope of the present invention, a centrally located rocker arm is possible. However, having one rocker on each side of the roller crusher provides better load distribution and better access to the equipment.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there are at least two rocker arms for each side of the roll crusher.

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In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first part of the rocker arm is configured to be connected to the roller crusher frame, and the second part of the rocker is connected to said lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first end of each stem is attached to the rocker at a position between the first part and the second part.

In accordance with one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first part of the rocker arm is articulated with the lower part of the roller crusher frame, and the second part is articulated with the arm.

According to one embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, there is a control system. The control system is configured to monitor the misalignment between the first and second rolls of the crusher, wherein the control system is further configured to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold. The implementation of the control system in accordance with this embodiment of the present invention in combination with the deflection distributor reduces the forces acting on the deflection distributor, so that the structural dimensions of the parts can be reduced, and the emphasis on achieving maximum rigidity can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties.

In accordance with this embodiment of the present invention, complex hydraulic control systems are not required. Instead, in response to a certain excess of a predetermined skew threshold, it is sufficient to simply reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the side with the smallest deviation. This pressure reduction can be achieved by simply opening a valve with sufficient area to allow the hydraulic fluid to drain from the system into a suitable container. When the skew is reduced below a threshold, the valve closes and hydraulic fluid can be returned to the system.

In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, a method is provided for installing an upgrade kit for a deflection distributor made in accordance with the first aspect on a roller crusher. The roll crusher comprises a frame and first and second crushing rolls, which are axially parallel to each other. The first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable. The roll crusher further comprises a hydraulic system which is configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. The method includes the steps of attaching the second ends of the rods, respectively, to the movable bearing housings and attaching mounting bases for each shaft element to the frame; connection of the corresponding elements of the shaft with the corresponding mounting bases and rods; and connecting the elements of the shaft to each other. Similarly, and in accordance with the upgrade kit, the proposed method provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the first and second crushing rolls are arranged axially parallel to each other by pushing the second crushing roll against the first crushing roll by a hydraulic system.

According to another embodiment of the method for installing the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the method further includes attaching a preload device and applying a bias voltage to portions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit by means of the preload device.

In accordance with another embodiment of the method for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, the method includes attaching the deflection distribution shaft to said frame using mounting bases, said deflection distribution shaft comprising at least two elements that are interconnected by means of a shock absorber.

In accordance with another embodiment of the method for installing the deflection distributor retrofit kit, the deflection distributor retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. The term parallel to a hydraulic system means that the two systems are functionally parallel to each other. If the deflection distributor retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system, the deflection properties and long response time of the hydraulic system do not affect the deflection performance of the deflector distributor retrofit kit. This provides a much more responsive system where the inherent rigidity of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can overcome and respond to uneven loads on the crusher rolls much faster than systems based on hydraulic response.

In accordance with one embodiment of the retrofit kit installation method

- 8 042399 deflection distributor, the hydraulic system of the roll crusher contains two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing housing on the respective sides of the second crushing roll. Each rod is located between, preferably in the middle, two hydraulic cylinders on the corresponding side of the second crushing roll. When the rod is located between the two hydraulic cylinders, the loads can be balanced and they can also be distributed in the same vertical plane, thereby minimizing the generation of torsional forces in the roller crusher frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each rod has a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the central axis of the second crushing roll. By positioning the rods perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll, the balancing of the resulting forces is improved even more and this ensures that the loads generated in the roller crusher are displaced in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the second crusher roll. This is an advantage given the frame design of most roller crushers, which is best suited to withstand forces in the longitudinal direction of the roller crusher, i.e. perpendicular to the center axis of the second crusher roller.

In accordance with one embodiment of the installation method of the deflection distributor retrofit kit, each rod is attached to the bearing housings in such a way that the common longitudinal central axes of the rods lie in the same plane as the longitudinal central axis of the crushing roll, i.e. they are at the same height. This ensures that forces from the crusher rolls acting on the bearing housings can be transferred to the rods without causing the bearing housings to rotate. Taking into account the fact that the forces in the equipment made in accordance with the present invention can be up to 10 MN per bearing housing, this is an important advantage of the invention.

In accordance with one embodiment of a method for mounting a deflection distributor retrofit kit, each lever is attached to a first end of a respective stem such that the longitudinal axis of the lever is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. This has the advantage that very limited stem bending will occur during use of the equipment. The lever will perform its function in a position perpendicular to or near the stem, and as such the stem will move in a more or less straight line. If another configuration were chosen, eg not substantially perpendicular, then the stem would have to flex more during its forward and backward stroke. This would be less advantageous and would require appropriate stem sizes and stem connections.

In accordance with one embodiment of the method for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, the longitudinal axis of the lever passes through the central axis of the deflection distribution shaft and the pivot point of the lever and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the method for installing a deflection distributor retrofit kit, a control system is installed that is configured to monitor the misalignment of the first and second crushing rolls, while the control system is further configured to reduce the pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response determining that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold value. As noted above with respect to the deflection distributor retrofit kit, it has several advantages which are accordingly applicable to the method. Among other things, the dimensions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a roller crusher is provided. The roller crusher contains a frame; first and second crushing rolls axially parallel to each other, wherein the first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings that are attached to the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings that are movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, the roller crusher further comprises a deflection distributor, wherein said deflection distributor comprises a deflection distribution shaft, mounting bases attaching said deflection distribution shaft to said frame of said roller crusher, and rods, each of which has first and second ends , wherein the first end of each of said rods is attached to said deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is attached to the movable bearing housing of said second crushing roll, and the deflection distribution shaft comprises at least two interconnected elements . Like and consistent with the retrofit kit, the roller crusher of the present invention provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

In one embodiment of a roller crusher, the deflection distribution shaft contains

- 9 042399 at least three interconnected elements.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, said two shaft elements are connected to each other by means of a rigid connection.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, said two shaft elements are connected to each other by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure connection.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, two shaft elements are connected to each other by means of a safety clutch.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, the safety clutch is a torque limiting safety clutch.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the rigid connection comprises a bolted connection.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the pressurized hydraulic connection is a turnbuckle hydraulic connection.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the preloading device is configured to create a biasing stress in the rod or in the deflection distribution shaft.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, applying a bias stress includes applying a compressive load to the first rod in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first rod and applying a tensile load to the second rod in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the second rod.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, biasing involves applying a compressive load to the rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, biasing involves applying a compressive load to both rods in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of each rod.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, said at least two shaft elements are connected to each other by means of a shock absorber.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the shock-absorbing assembly is configured to dampen the relative torsional motion between said at least two shaft elements.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the shock absorber has an adjustable damping factor and/or elasticity.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the damping assembly comprises a pneumatic or hydraulic damper.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the damping assembly includes a check valve.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the damping assembly comprises a torque-limiting clutch containing one or more elastomeric elements.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the elastomeric elements are pre-compressed.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, the elastomer elements are incompressible, the cushioning effect being achieved due to the deformation of the elastomer elements.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the shock-absorbing assembly is located in the connection between said at least two shaft elements.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the damping assembly is located outside the deflection distribution shaft.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, each end element of the shaft contains a lever, and a shock absorber is attached to each of these levers.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the deflection distributor is connected to a second crushing roll in parallel with the hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the movable bearing housings are slidable and moveable within the frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the bearing housings of said first crushing roll are fixed in the frame of the roll crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, mounting bases for the deflection distribution shaft are attached to the frame of the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher, the hydraulic system of the roll crusher for each movable bearing comprises two hydraulic cylinders located on respective sides of the second crushing roll, with each of the rods located between the two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crushing roll. , preferably in the middle between two hydraulic cylinders on the corresponding side of the second crushing roll. In this way, a preferential distribution of the load within the roller crusher is achieved.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the longitudinal axis of each rod generally lies in the same plane as the longitudinal central axis of the second roll. Again, this provides an advantageous load distribution with no roll crusher torque build-up, or at least reduced roll crusher torque build-up.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each lever is attached to a first end of a respective rod such that the longitudinal axis of the lever is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod. As stated above, this has several advantages, including that the rods do not have to flex, or flex at least to a lesser extent during forward and reverse motion.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, the longitudinal axis of the arm passes through the central axis of the deflection distribution shaft and the pivot point of the arm and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, a flange is attached to each end of one roll of the first and second crushing rolls, extending in the radial direction of the roll and rising above the outer surface of the roll.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the flange includes a feed structure located on its inner side.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the frame further comprises end supports.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, the hydraulic system is located at least partially between said end supports and said movable bearing housings, with each of said rods passing through a respective end support.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, each rod is positioned offset from its respective end support such that each rod is adjacent to its respective end support.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher, a cross beam is located between the movable bearing housings, while the second end of each of said rods is attached to the specified movable bearing housing of the specified second crushing roll through the specified cross beam. The use of a cross beam provides more flexibility in stem placement. They can be attached to the cross beam at any point along its length.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, the cross beam is pivotally connected to each of the movable bearing housings.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the cross beam can be divided into at least two parts. This simplifies assembly and disassembly.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the second end of each of said rods is rotatably attached to said cross beam. Such articulated joints can adapt and compensate for the different movements of the parts connected to each other via the crossbeam without unnecessarily increasing the torque in the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, each rod is offset from a respective end support such that each rod extends adjacent to the respective end supports. This solution has the advantage that the stems can pass by the end supports without having to make the end supports with a through hole. Instead, they run next to the end supports. It is sometimes inconvenient to make end supports with a hole, since electrical wiring, hydraulic hoses or pipes can be located on or inside the end supports. With this offset stem solution, the same end supports can be used without the need for rerouting or rearranging wires, hoses, pipes, installation or anything like that.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, each rod is located offset inwardly from the respective end support, so that each of said rods can extend along the inner surface of the respective end support.

According to one embodiment of a roller crusher, a deflection distribution shaft extends between a respective inner surface of each end support. This provides a very compact solution with a minimum footprint.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roller crusher, a bias bracket is located on each movable bearing housing, with the second end of each rod connected to a respective movable bearing housing via a respective bias bracket. Offset stem arrangement can be reliably achieved by using such an offset bracket.

- 11 042399

According to other embodiments of the roller crusher, the deflection distributor may have the same characteristics as the deflection distributor of the deflection distributor retrofit kit described above.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the first end of each rod is attached to the lever using a rocker.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, at least one rocker is placed on each side of the roller crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the first part of the rocker is connected to the frame of the roller crusher, and the second part of the rocker is connected to the lever.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher, the first end of each rod is connected to a rocker at a position between the first part and the second part.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the first part of the rocker is pivotally connected to the lower part of the frame, and the second part of the rocker is pivotally connected to the arm.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the rocker is located essentially vertically.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the rods and lever are located essentially perpendicular to the rocker.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roller crusher, the rocker is located outside the frame.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the rocker is located on the inside of the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher, at least two rocker arms are located on each side of the roll crusher.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher, for each side of the roller crusher, one rocker is located outside the frame and one rocker is located inside the frame.

In accordance with one implementation of the roller crusher, the deflection distribution shaft is located on top of the frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher, a control system is installed that is configured to monitor the misalignment of the first and second rolls of the crusher, while the control system is further configured to reduce pressure in said hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining whether that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold. As noted above with regard to the Diverter Distributor Upgrade Kit, it has several advantages that apply accordingly to the Roll Crusher. Among other things, the dimensions of the deflection distributor retrofit kit can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, another roll crusher is provided. The roller crusher contains a frame; first and second crushing rolls axially parallel to each other, the first crushing roll being supported in bearings that are movable relative to the frame, and the second crushing roll being supported in bearings that are also movable; and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the positions of the crushing rolls and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, the roller crusher further comprises at least one deflection distributor, wherein said at least one deflection distributor comprises a deflection distribution shaft, mounting bases attaching said deflection distribution shaft to said roller crusher frame, and rods, each of which it has first and second ends, wherein the first end of each of said rods is attached to said deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever, while the second end of each of said rods is attached to the movable bearing housing of said crushing rolls, and the deflection distribution shaft contains at least two interconnected shaft elements.

Similarly, and in accordance with the retrofit kit, a roller crusher made in accordance with this fourth aspect provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, at least one deflection distributor is connected to the second crushing roll in parallel with the hydraulic system.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are slidable and movable within the frame.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the movable bearing housings are rotatable relative to the frame.

- 12 042399

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the mounting bases for the deflection distribution shaft are attached to the frame of the roller crusher.

According to other embodiments of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, said at least one deflection distributor may have the same characteristics as the deflection distributor of the deflection distributor retrofit kit described above.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the hydraulic system of the roller crusher comprises two hydraulic cylinders for each movable bearing on respective sides of the second crusher roller, with each rod located between two hydraulic cylinders on the respective side of the second crusher roller. roll.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, each rod is located between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller, preferably midway between two hydraulic cylinders on a respective side of the second crusher roller.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, each arm is attached to a first end of a respective rod such that the longitudinal axis of the arm is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rod.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, said longitudinal axis of the arm passes through the central axis of the deflection distribution shaft and the pivot point of the arm and stem.

In accordance with one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, a flange is attached to each end of one roll of the first and second crushing rolls, extending in the radial direction of the roll and having a height above the outer surface of the roll.

According to one embodiment of the roller crusher according to this fourth aspect, the flange includes a feed structure on its inner side.

According to one embodiment of the roll crusher according to this fourth aspect, one deflection distributor is installed on each roll of the crusher.

In accordance with one embodiment of a roll crusher made in accordance with this fourth aspect, a control system is installed that is configured to monitor the misalignment of the first and second rolls of the crusher, while the control system is further configured to reduce the pressure in the specified hydraulic system on the first or to the second side in response to determining that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold.

In accordance with a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a deflection distributor retrofit kit for a roll crusher having a fixed roll and a movable roll between which a discharge gap is provided, the movable roll having first and second ends. According to this aspect, the deflection distributor retrofit kit comprises first and second rods, each having a first end and a second end, the second end of each rod being connected to one of the first or second ends of the movable roll to move with the movable roll; first and second levers, each of which is connected to the first end of one of the first and second rods; and a rotary deflection distribution shaft connected between the first and second levers, wherein the movement of one of the first or second levers causes rotation of the deflection distribution shaft and the other of the first or second levers, while the deflection distribution shaft contains at least two connected between an element.

According to other embodiments of the deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with this fifth aspect, the deflection distributor may have the same features as those described for the deflection distributor of the first aspect of the present invention.

Similarly, and in accordance with the upgrade kit described above, this upgrade kit according to the fifth aspect provides significant advantages over prior art solutions.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, a method for controlling a roller crusher is provided. The roll crusher comprises a frame and first and second crushing rolls, which are axially parallel to each other. The first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable. The roll crusher further comprises an active hydraulic system which is configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls. The roller crusher also includes a control system that is configured to monitor misalignment between the first and second crusher rolls, wherein the control system is further configured to reduce pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold. The method includes the steps of determining one or more misalignment thresholds between crusher rolls; skew tracking;

reducing the pressure in the hydraulic system on the first or second side in response to a misalignment that exceeds one or more predetermined thresholds.

Likewise, and in accordance with the retrofit kit and other aspects of the present invention, the roller crusher and method of the present invention provide significant advantages over prior art solutions.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, from the appended claims, as well as from the drawings. It should be noted that the invention applies to all possible combinations of features. In particular, it should be noted that all embodiments of any aspect of the invention may apply, respectively, to all other aspects.

In general, all terms used in the claims should be interpreted in accordance with their usual meaning in the technical field, unless otherwise expressly defined herein. All references to one [element, device, component, tool, step, etc.] should be construed explicitly as referring to at least one instance of the specified element, device, component, tool, step, etc., unless expressly otherwise indicated.

As used herein, the term comprising and variations of this term are not intended to exclude other additions, components, subassemblies, or steps.

As used herein, the term rigid connection means a mechanical connection that mechanically connects two shaft elements together to form a deflection distribution shaft. One example of a rigid connection is a bolted connection.

As used herein, the term torque-limiting safety clutch means a connection that, when a predetermined torsional load is reached, disconnects the connection between the shaft elements.

As used herein, the term hydraulic or pneumatic pressure connection means a connection controlled by hydraulic or pneumatic pressure. Examples of such connections are hydraulic connections with a turnbuckle and pneumatic connections with a turnbuckle.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a roller crusher according to the prior art;

fig. 2A is a perspective view of a deflector distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 2B is a perspective view of a deflector distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with another embodiment;

fig. 2C is a perspective view of a deflector distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with another embodiment;

fig. 2D is a perspective view of a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with another embodiment;

fig. 2E is an exploded view of a deflection distribution shaft according to another embodiment;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a device with a deflection distributor and first and second crushing rolls;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of deflection distributor changes during uneven feeding along the length of the discharge gap in a roller crusher with a deflection distributor constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 6 shows a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 7 depicts a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with yet another embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 8 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

- 14 042399 fig. 9 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 10 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 11 shows part of a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 12 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 13 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 14 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed invention;

fig. 15 shows a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of a deflection distributor and control system retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the disclosed invention;

fig. 17 is a perspective view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit in accordance with a further embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention;

fig. 18 is a side view of a roller crusher with a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with an embodiment of the first aspect of the disclosed invention.

Detailed description

Hereinafter, the present invention is described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show illustrative embodiments of the invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for the sake of detail and completeness, and to fully convey the scope of the invention to the skilled artisan. The same position numbers refer to the same elements throughout.

Fig. 1 shows a roller crusher 1 according to the prior art. Such a roller crusher 1 comprises a frame 2 in which a first fixed crushing roller 3 is mounted in bearings 5, 5'. The housings 35, 35' of these bearings 5, 5' are rigidly attached to the frame 2 and are thus fixed.

The second crushing roller 4 is located in the frame 2 on bearings 6, 6', which are mounted in the frame 2 with the possibility of sliding. Bearings 6, 6' can move in the frame 2 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first and second crushing rolls 3, 4. Usually in the frame on the first and second sides 50, 50' along the upper and lower longitudinal elements 12, 12', 13, 13' frame roller crusher 1 is a guide structure 7, 7'. The bearings 6, 6' are located in movable bearing housings 8, 8' which can slide along the guide structure 7, 7'. In addition, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' are disposed between the movable bearing housings 8, 8' and the first and second end supports 11, 11', which are located adjacent or not to the first end 51 of the roller crusher 1. These end supports 11, 11' attach the upper and lower longitudinal members 12, 12', 13, 13' of the frame and also act as a support for the forces generated in the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' as they adjust the gap width and respond to forces acting on the crusher rolls due to the material fed into the roll crusher 1. Such roll crushers operate in accordance with the crushing technology described above, called interparticle crushing, while the gap between the crushing rolls 3, 4 is controlled by the interaction of the supplied feed material and the hydraulic system, affecting the position of the second crushing roll 4. As mentioned above, such a roller crusher of the prior art has the disadvantage of delaying the adjustment of the position of the second crushing roll 4. , especially if it hits an off-center gap, the second crushing roll 4 may warp and the hydraulic system 10, 10' will be too slow to adjust the position of the movable bearing housings 8, 8' while maintaining a constant supply pressure, and the movable bearing housings 8, 8' may become wedged in the guides 7, 7', and in case material that cannot be crushed, the surface of the crushing rolls can be damaged by this material, and the entire frame 2 of the roller crusher 1 can be warped.

In FIG. 2A shows a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with the present invention. First, the components of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 will be described, and then its advantages will be detailed. The deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 comprises a deflection distribution shaft 20 and levers 25, 25' attached to respective ends of the deflection distribution shaft 20. The deflection distribution shaft 20 comprises two interconnectable shaft elements 201 and 202, wherein in FIG. 2A, the two shaft members 201, 202 are shown connected to each other by means of a coupling 203. In addition, at each end of the deflection distribution shaft 20 is a mounting base 24, 24', which is used to mount the shaft 20 or the shaft members 201 and 202 of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100. on the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1. The deflection distribution shaft 20 comprises swivel bearings, preferably spherical bearings, which at each end allow the shaft 20 to rotate relative to the mounting bases. Each lever 25, 25' includes a rod 26, 26', which is attached at its first end to the shaft 20 and extends in the radial or tangential direction of the shaft 20. Attached to the second end of each lever 26, 26' is the first end 27, 27' of the rod 21, 21'. The second ends 28, 28' of the rods are intended to be attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' of the roller crusher 1. Each lever 25, 25' is attached to the first end 27, 27' of the corresponding rod 21, 21', so that the longitudinal axis of the lever 25, 25' is located essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stem 21, 21'. In addition, the longitudinal axis of the lever 25, 25' passes through the central axis of the deflection distribution shaft 20 and the pivot point of the lever 25, 25' and the stem 21, 21'.

Fig. 2B shows an alternative deflection distribution shaft in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Compared to the deflection distributor shaft shown in FIG. 2A, this deflection distribution shaft comprises three interlockable shaft elements 201, 202 and 220 connected to each other by a connection 203 and 203'. The deflection distribution shaft shown in FIG. 2B may replace the deflection distribution shafts 20 comprising the two shaft members 201, 202 shown in all other embodiments.

Fig. 2C shows an alternative offset distributor retrofit kit 100 in which the stems 21, 21' have a means for adjusting their length. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2C, this length adjustment is in the form of a threaded solution similar to how a pinch screw or tension screw works. The first end 27, 27' and the second end 28, 28' are threaded and connected via the threaded central part 22, 22'. The two ends of the center portion 22, 22' comprise one left-hand thread and one right-hand thread so that when the center portion 22, 22' rotates, both the first end 27, 27' and the second end 28, 28' will retract or extend. This means that the overall length of the rods 21, 21' can be adjusted. This in turn means that by shortening one of the rods 21, 21' and lengthening the other, a bias stress can be created in the mechanical connection between the bearing housings 8, 8', so that a bias stress is generated at the mechanical connection in one direction. For example, a pin 37, 37' inserted into a bearing will be pressed against the inner surface of the bearing. When vibrations occur, the pin 37, 37' already abuts against the bearing surface and shock loads can be eliminated or at least reduced. It is believed that this bias stress, which is directed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rods 21, 21', will be more effective in reducing the detrimental effect of vibration loads in one direction only and less so in relation to vibration in other directions. For example, a stem 21, 21' that has been elongated such that it is subjected to a compressive load will be less susceptible to damage due to vibrational forces acting to further compress the stem 21, 21'. This is due to the fact that any gap between the parts of the joints, for example, the pin 37, 37' and the inner surface of the bearing of the swivel arm 31, 31', has already been eliminated, so that the parts abut against each other when the vibration force acts on the joint, which allows avoid shock loading. Thus, the effect of at least 50% of the vibration events can be reduced by assuming that the forces are evenly distributed between the events causing the rods 21, 21' to compress and the rods 21, 21' to stretch. The length adjustment in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2C can be done by rotating the central part 22, 22' using a tool that can be inserted into the hole 23, 23'. This is only an example and one skilled in the art will appreciate that this rotation can be performed in many other ways. In FIG. 2A also shows the locking elements 36, 36' to maintain the preferred length of the stems 21, 21'. These locking elements 36, 36' must be located both at the first ends 27, 27' and at the second ends 28, 28'. Also in this example, the deflection distribution shaft 20 comprises two interlockable elements 201 and 202 connected to each other by a connection 203. FIG. 2D depicts an alternative deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment, the two shaft elements 201, 202 are shown connected to each other by means of a shock-absorbing assembly 204.

- 16 042399

Cushioning node 204 contains two elements 205, 205', each of which is attached to the corresponding element 201, 202 of the shaft. A shock absorber 206 is attached to one end of each element 205, 205'. This shock absorber may include, for example, elastic elements that are pre-set to deform or expand under a given load, so that the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 can perform its functions under normal load conditions, that is, keep the roller crusher rolls parallel to each other, but as soon as forces in the mechanical connection between the movable bearing housings will exceed a predetermined threshold, the shock-absorbing assembly 204 will allow relative rotational movement between the elements 201, 202 of the shaft. This prevents damage to the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 and to the roller crusher on which the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 is installed. It should be noted that shock absorber 206 can only be limited in travel to eliminate load surges that can sometimes occur in roll crushers, but the roll crusher rolls can remain in a more or less parallel orientation so that any flanges located on any rolls are not will come into contact with the outer surface of another roll, potentially damaging the flanges. Thus, the damping assembly 204 definitely allows only limited non-parallelism. This will still be enough to stop load spikes that could cause structural damage to the deflector distributor or roller crusher retrofit kit 100. The elastic elements of the shock absorber 206 can be pre-compressed to avoid fatigue over time and to avoid or at least reduce hysteresis. The damper may also comprise a hydraulic component using a damping medium and valves, optionally adjustable, which will have the desired damping function. Fig. 2B illustrates the function of the present invention. The compression force F1 acts on the first rod 21 and the tension force F2 acts on the second rod 21'. If these forces exceed a predetermined threshold, with forces exceeding this threshold being considered likely to damage equipment, a small relative rotational movement R1-R2 is allowed between the shaft members 201, 202. If the above threshold event has passed, the shock absorber returns to its original state when the rolls of the roll crusher are again parallel to each other.

Fig. 2E shows an exploded view of an embodiment of two shaft elements connected by a torsionally coupled damping assembly 204 comprising a first hub 207 attached and rotatably attached to the first shaft element 201 via, for example, a spline connection 210, a second hub 208 attached and rotatably fixed to the second shaft member 202, and a plurality of elastic members 209. The second hub 208 includes pockets 211, each of which can accommodate two elastic members 209 and one flange member 212 of the first hub 207. When said two members 201, The shafts 202 are connected, in this embodiment, by inserting the first hub and elastic elements 209 into the second hub 208, the shaft elements 201, 202 will function as a deflection distribution shaft until a predetermined force is reached. This means that the mechanical connection will distribute the movements of the bearing housings so that the rolls are kept parallel. However, when this threshold value is exceeded, the flanges 212 of the first hub 207 will cause deformation or weakening of the compression of the elastic elements 210 between which the flange is clamped. Similar to previous embodiments, elastic members 210 may be pre-compressed to avoid fatigue over time and to avoid or at least reduce hysteresis. The elastic members may be incompressible so that the cushioning effect is caused by deformation rather than compression. As soon as the event above the threshold has passed, the shock absorber returns to its original state, in which the rolls of the roll crusher are again parallel to each other. The embodiment shown in FIG. 2D has the advantage that the external dimensions of the damping assembly are the same or substantially the same as those of the deflection distribution shaft as such, allowing it to be installed also in situations with limited space for additional equipment.

A deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with the present invention can be installed on known roller crushers 1 as shown in FIG. 1. By using the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100, the problems in known roller crushers 1 are eliminated, in particular, the misalignment problem in the roller crusher 1 can be avoided. fed into the roller crusher, and the width of the slot can also vary along the length of the crushing rollers 3, 4, depending on how the material is fed to the roller crusher 1 and on the characteristics of this feed. For example, if more material is located closer to the first side 50 of the roller crusher 1, then there is a risk that the gap will become wider at the first end 50 than at the second side 50' of the roller crusher 1. The movable second crushing roller 4 will skew. This has several disadvantages. For example, misalignment creates forces that the roller crusher 1 may not be able to handle. Frame 2 as a whole is designed to withstand forces directed in the longitudinal direction of the roller crusher 1. In addition, the forces

- 17 042399 in oblique directions can cause jamming in the guide structure 7, 7', with the movable bearing housings 8, 8' getting stuck, thus becoming unable to respond and move as required by the material supply situation. In order to avoid distortion, it is necessary that both ends of the second crushing roll 4, 4' travel the same distance in the same time in response to an uneven feed event, that is, a feed situation where the load at one end of the second crushing roll 4 is greater than than the load at the second end of the second crushing roll 4. The hydraulic system 10, 10' containing the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' cannot adequately respond quickly to these distortions. In such situations, a large amount of hydraulic fluid is required to move in a fraction of a second. Not only does the hydraulic system need to displace this amount of hydraulic fluid in such a short time, but it must also first measure the correct amount of fluid to be displaced. On the other hand, the deflection distributor according to the present invention does not have these problems. It can immediately transmit an unbalanced load event from one movable bearing housing 8, 8' located on one side of the roller crusher 1 to a movable bearing housing 8, 8' located on the other side of the roller crusher 1. In response to the displacement of one of the movable housings 8, 8' bearings, a corresponding rod 21, 21' attached to this movable bearing housing 8, 8' will move the corresponding lever 25, 25', which in turn will cause the deflection distribution shaft 20 in the slewing bearings to rotate in mounting bases 24, 24', thereby causing a corresponding movement of the other arm 25, 25', the other rod 21, 21', and finally the other movable bearing housing 8, 8'. This can also be seen in the schematic plan view shown in FIG. 5. Here, a situation has been described in which the uneven feeding event between the crushing rolls 3, 4 is off-center, more toward the first side 50 of the roll crusher. This causes the first rod 21 to move towards the first end 51 of the roller crusher 1 and this in turn causes the first arm 25 to also move towards the first end 51 and due to its connection with the deflection distribution shaft 20, the shaft 20 will be forced to turn in the rotary bearings in mounting bases 24, 24'. This rotation moves the second lever 25' similarly to the first lever 25, and the movement of the second lever 25' causes the second rod 21' to move identically to the movement of the first rod 21, thereby facilitating the parallel movement of the two movable bearing housings 8, 8', so that the second movable crushing roller 4 is kept parallel to the first stationary crushing roller 3 all the time.

As can be seen in FIG. 5, the resultant forces acting on the bearings of the bearing housings 8, 8' are directed in the same direction, but the force acting on the first bearing housing 8 will be greater. It is this difference in resultant loads that would otherwise cause the second crushing roll 4 to skew and the movable bearing housings 8, 8' to jam in the guide structure, as well as cause excessive wear of the roll crusher 1 as a whole. A deflection distributor 100 in accordance with the disclosed invention will act on an excessive load at one end and automatically deflect the other end by the same distance and thus maintain parallelism and will also provide a parallel return as well as a constant supply pressure profile. in roller crusher 1.

The presence of the deflection distribution shaft 20, divided into at least two interconnected shaft elements 201, 202, ensures easy maintenance and installation of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 on the roller crusher 1. In addition, the presence of a safety clutch 203 located between these two elements 201 , 202 of the shaft, ensures, in the event of a serious collision, disengagement of the safety clutch and ensuring the distortion of the crushing roll, which, of course, can cause damage to the flanges of the crushing rolls, but at least the structural elements of the rods 21, 21', end supports 11, 11 ' etc.

In FIG. 3, a roller crusher 1 can be seen with a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 shows a roller crusher 1 with a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, it can be seen that the mounting bases 24, 24' of the deflection distribution shaft 20 are attached to the end supports 11, 11' of the frame 2, while the rods 21, 21' pass through channels 29, 29' in the end supports 11, 11'. It is easy to understand that other solutions than channels are possible, for example recesses or the like provided in the outer or inner side walls of the end supports 11, 11'.

In the embodiments shown in FIG. 3 and 18, the hydraulic system 10 comprises four hydraulic cylinders 9, 9', two on each side 50, 50' of the roller crusher 1, with each rod 21, 21' extending respectively between two hydraulic cylinders 9, 9'. This is an advantage in that it can help achieve a balanced load. Mounting bases 24, 24' are bolted to respective end supports 11, 11', but other attachment options, such as welding, will be apparent to one skilled in the art. In these embodiments, the rods 21, 21' are attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' by a first pivot bracket 31, 31', and to the arms 25, 25' by a second pivot bracket 30, 30'.

- 18 042399

The advantages of these swivel arms are discussed in detail below with reference to FIG. 6. Other means of fastening are also possible, for example, the rods 21, 21' may be rigidly bolted to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' and may be attached to the arms 25, 25' by hemispherical plain bearings.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 17 may also comprise four hydraulic cylinders, two on each side of the roller crusher 1, each rod 21, 21' extending respectively between two hydraulic cylinders 9. The hydraulic cylinders 9 are shown in position for the embodiment shown in FIG. 18.

Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a deflection distributor according to one embodiment of the disclosed invention mounted and connected to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' of a second crushing roll 4 with the first crushing roll 3 parallel to it. By means of a deflection distributor according to the disclosed invention, a mechanical connection is created between the bearing housings 8, 8' located at the respective two ends of the second crushing roll 4. Thus, any uneven supply of material (grip or feed characteristics) that is unevenly distributed along the length of the discharge gap acting on the second crushing roll 4, by means of a deflection distributor made in accordance with the disclosed invention, leads to a parallel movement of both bearing housings 8, 8', regardless of the position of this uneven supply of material along the length of the discharge gap.

Fig. 6 shows a deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed invention. The deflection distributor upgrade kit 100 includes a shaft 20 with elements 25, 25' and rods 21, 21', as well as end supports 11, 11', on which the deflection distribution shaft 20 is mounted with mounting bases 24, 24'. The deflection distribution shaft 20 comprises at least two shaft elements 201 and 202 connected to each other, wherein in FIG. 6, these two shaft elements 201, 202 are shown connected to each other by a coupling 203. The rods 21, 21' are located in the channels 29, 29', which are made in each end support 11, 11', in order to provide a substantially rectilinear movement of the rods 21, 21 ' through channels 29, 29'. The rods 21, 21' are located with swivel brackets 30, 30' at their first ends 27, 27' on the elements 25, 25', as well as with swivel brackets 31, 31' at the second end 28, 28' for further attachment to the movable housings 8, 8' bearings in a roller crusher 1. The articulation 30, 30' of the stem 21, 21' and the member 25, 25' results in a rectilinear or generally rectilinear movement in the stem 21, 21' being transmitted to the lever 25, 25 ' and thus onto the deflection distribution shaft 20 without causing unnecessary torsional load in the stem 21, 21' or in the lever 25, 25'. The swivel joints 31, 31' of the rods 21, 21' and the movable bearing housings 8, 8' will ensure that the linear motion of the bearing housings 8, 8' is transferred to the rods 21, 21' without causing unnecessary torsional loads in the rods 21, 21' or in housings 8, 8' bearings.

The end supports 11, 11' are made with the possibility of easy installation on the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1 from the first side 50 and the second side 50, and can also be made with the possibility of connection with at least one hydraulic cylinder 9, 9' of the hydraulic system 10, 10 ' roller crusher 1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the channels 29, 29' for the rods 21, 21' on each side 50, 50' are located between the two connection points 32, 32' for the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9' and are located in a position that must be aligned perpendicularly and in the same horizontal plane as the central axis of the second crushing roller 4 in the roller crusher 1. With this arrangement, the deflection distributor 100 will operate in parallel with the hydraulic system 10, 10', as described above, and ensures optimal load distribution when installed on the roller crusher 1, when In this way, the load can be distributed in the same vertical plane and thus lead to less stress and torsional forces in the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1.

Fig. 7 depicts a deflector distributor retrofit kit 100 made in accordance with another embodiment of the disclosed invention. This deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 contains, in addition to the parts shown in FIG. 6, also accumulators 33, 33', which are designed to be connected to the hydraulic system 10, 10' on the roller crusher. By using the accumulators in conjunction with the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100, the position of the accumulators 33, 33' can be optimized so as not to interfere with the attachment position of the deflection distributor shaft and rods, and to keep the accumulators as close as possible to the hydraulic cylinders 9, 9', so that minimize the number of pipelines for transporting hydraulic fluid back and forth from the accumulators 33, 33' and hydraulic cylinders 9, 9'. The accumulators 33, 33' may additionally be configured to operate in parallel with the deflection distributor of the disclosed invention.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 shown in FIG. 7 further comprises one or more change rolls 3, 4 for the roll crusher 1. A flange 34, 34' is attached to each end of one of the rolls 3. The flanges 34, 34' extend in the radial direction of the roll and rise above the outer surface of the roll. Since the parallel movement of the second crushing roll 4 is provided by a deflection distributor retrofit kit according to the disclosed invention, the first roll 3 can be provided with such flanges without any risk of displacement and thus without the risk of damage to the flanges or the surface of the roll. crushers. The presence of flanges 34, 34' mounted on one of the crushing rolls 3 provides a much better crushing result and higher overall crushing pressure, as well as increasing the capacity of the roller crusher by about 10-20% or sometimes even more.

In an alternative embodiment, the flanges are located on the second crushing roll 4 and not on the first crushing roll 3.

The deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 shown in FIG. 7 further comprises replaceable bearings 5, 5', 6, 6' for the crushing rolls 3, 4. The bearings 5, 5', 6, 6' used in the roll crusher 1 wear out after a certain period of time and need to be replaced, moreover, replacing them simultaneously with the replacement of crushing rolls 3, 4 is beneficial and effective for repair and service work. In addition, these replaceable bearings can be optimized for a roll crusher with a deflection distributor system located thereon, as disclosed in the Summary section of the description above.

Fig. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100, in which the cross beam 60 is attached to and interconnects the swing arms 31, 31'. The transverse beam 60 allows the rods 21, 21' to be offset relative to the end supports 11, 11' and/or the movable bearing housings 8, 8'. This allows the invention to be applied without the need to provide channels 29, 29' in the end supports 11, 11'. In some situations, such channels 29, 29' are unfavorable due to the presence of, for example, hydraulic hoses or pipes, or electrical installations on or within the end supports 11, 11'. Using the cross beam 60, it is possible to position the rods 21, 21' next to the end supports 11, 11', which can be left intact. The cross beam 60 can be attached to the swing arms 31, 31' by means of a pin 61, referred to here as vertical pins. In this embodiment, the cross beam has a circular cross section. Of course, other cross sections are also possible. The rods 21, 21' are hinged to the cross member 60 by, for example, spherical bearings or bushings or any other suitable means that can withstand the forces and maintain the articulation. In the present document, the deflection distribution shaft 20 is shown to fit into the frame of the roller crusher 1, but of course the deflection distribution shaft 20 could be positioned at the rear, similar to that shown in FIG. 3, or instead on top of the frame 2. As seen in FIG. 8, the deflection distribution shaft 20 is rotatably positioned between the inner surfaces of the end supports 11, 11'. This provides a very compact design that occupies a small footprint at the site where it is used. In fact, this solution ensures that the footprint of a roller crusher equipped with a deflection distributor retrofit kit made in accordance with the invention will be the same as a roller crusher without a deflection distributor retrofit kit. This is an important aspect, since space is always limited at sites where such equipment is used.

Fig. 9 and 10 disclose alternative embodiments of the deflection distributor retrofit kit 100 in which the offset brackets 131, 131' are located on the movable bearing housings 8, 8'. Like the cross beam 60 shown in FIG. 8, these offset brackets 131, 131' enable the rods 21, 21' to be mounted on end supports 11, 11' and/or movable bearing housings 8, 8' in an offset manner. This allows the rods 21, 21' to pass next to the end supports 11, 11'. Preferably, the rods 21, 21' pass through the end supports 11, 11' from the inside. This reduces the footprint of the roller crusher compared to a solution where they run on the outside. As can be seen in FIG. 9, the deflection distribution shaft 20 is located on the rear side of the frame 2, while the deviation distribution shaft 20 in FIG. 10 is located inside the frame 2. Both alternatives have their own particular advantages. For example, the solution shown in Fig. 10 takes up less space, while the solution shown in FIG. 9 requires less free height. The embodiments shown in FIG. 9 and 10 show the deflection distribution shaft 20 with its two elements 201, 202 connected to each other by means of a coupling 203.

In FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of the deflector distributor retrofit kit 100 that includes a cross beam 60. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the cross beam 60 in this embodiment extends between two adjacent movable bearing housings 8, 8'. The transverse beam 60 in this embodiment comprises two adjacent, substantially flat, members 62 located respectively on the upper and lower sides of the swing arms 31, 31' and pivotally connected to the swing arms 31, 31' via a vertical pin 61. However the pin 61 can be located not in the vertical direction, but in other directions, for example, also or instead, in the horizontal direction.

- 20 042399

The rods 21, 21' are pivotally connected to the crossbeam 60 by a vertical pin 81, and the rods 21, 21' at their respective first ends are pivotally connected to the arms by a pivoting arm 30, 30', similarly to the previous embodiments. The solution of this embodiment has, like the embodiments shown in FIG. 8 and 9, with the advantage that the rods 21, 21' can extend adjacent to the end supports 11, 11'. This embodiment also allows the cross beam 60 to be assembled from smaller individual parts, such as upper and lower substantially flat members 62. This simplifies the installation and removal of the cross beam. The flat members 62 of the transverse beam provide excellent structural rigidity for this purpose without excessive use of material.

Fig. 12 shows an embodiment similar to that shown in FIG. 11. Here, the stems 21, 21' are more compact and preferably made from a single piece provided with bushings or bearings 64 through which the pin 81 is inserted. This solution provides increased rigidity and, due to its simple design, has a long service life.

Fig. 13 shows an embodiment having a cross beam 60. At its ends, the cross beam 60 includes brackets 65, 65' which are attached to the movable bearing housings 8, 8' by pivot brackets 31, 31' via a vertical pin 61. Like the embodiment, shown in FIG. 11, the stems 21, 21' are compact and made from one piece, fitted with bushings or bearings 64 for increased life. Between the brackets 65, 65', the transverse beam 60 includes a tubular section 66 rigidly connected to the brackets 65, 65'. The tubular section 66 may also be in two pieces forming a split cross beam. This has the advantage that assembly and disassembly is simplified. Instead of using tubular section 66, other cross sections are of course possible, such as rectangular, oval, or any other suitable shape.

Fig. 14 and 15 show an embodiment in which a rocker arm 70 is provided. The first part of the rocker arm 70, referred to here as the end portion, is pivotally connected to the lower frame 2 of the roller crusher. The second part, here referred to as the second end part of the rocker arm 70, is pivotally connected to the lever 25, 25' via links 71, 71', and the rods are connected to the rocker arm 70 in a position lying between these first and second parts. The rods 21, 21' are attached to the movable bearing housings by offset brackets 131, 131', which allow the rods 21, 21' to run along both the inside and the outside of the roller crusher frame 2, hence not requiring any modifications to the roller crusher. crusher as such, or at least requires very few modifications. The location of the pivot point at the bottom of the frame 2 has the advantage that the resulting forces can be perfectly compensated by the frame 2, since the forces can be divided into the upper and lower parts of the frame 2 in a convenient way. Moreover, as can be seen in FIG. 14 and 15, the deflection distribution shaft 20 can be positioned on top of the roller crusher frame 2 without occupying additional space. Even in the situation where the second roller 4 is in the fully retracted position, i. e. when the gap between rolls 3, 4 is at its maximum, no part of the deflection distributor retrofit kit increases the length of the roll crusher in which it is installed. In FIG. 14 and 15 show a total of four rocker arms 70 and a total of four rods 21, 21'. For a person skilled in the art it is obvious that the number and specific arrangement of these elements can be chosen as deemed appropriate. For example, one rocker 70 could also be used for each side of the roll crusher, and even one rocker 70 located centrally. The same applies to the rods 21, 21' and links 71, 71', namely that the number of elements and their position can be changed. This embodiment also maintains the substantially horizontal position of the rods 21, 21' throughout their entire stroke, which is advantageous as it reduces the forces generated in the frame 2. Like the other embodiments described herein, spherical bearings are suitable for swivel joints. between frame 2, rocker arm 70, rods 21, 21', movable bearing housings, links 71, 71' and levers 25, 25'.

Fig. 16 shows an embodiment with a control system 200 in combination with a deflection distributor. The control system 200 is configured to monitor the misalignment between the first and second crushing rolls 3, 4, while the control system 200 is further configured to reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system 10, 10' on the first or second side in response to determining that the misalignment exceeds a predetermined threshold. The presence of such a control system reduces the forces acting on the deflection distributor, so that the structural dimensions of the parts can be reduced, and the emphasis on achieving maximum rigidity can be reduced without compromising the anti-skew properties. It does not require complex hydraulic control systems. Instead, in response to a certain excess of a predetermined skew threshold, it is sufficient to simply reduce the pressure in the hydraulic system on the side with the smallest deviation. This pressure reduction can be achieved by simply opening a valve with sufficient area so that the hydraulic fluid can be drained from the system into a suitable container. When the misalignment decreases below the threshold value, the valve closes and the hydraulic

- 21 042399 The hydraulic fluid can be returned to the hydraulic system 10, 10'. In FIG. 16, it can be seen that an uneven load has occurred and that the crushing force acting on the movable crushing roller 4 is greater towards the first side 50 of the roller crusher. The deflection distributor compensates for this and minimizes skew, but if the resulting forces are too great, at some point the deflection distributor may be pushed to its limits. In such a case, the control system 200 notices that the skew exceeds a predetermined threshold. In response, the control system will reduce the pressure on the second side 50' that has deviated less, thereby assisting the deflection distributor in its attempts to minimize skew. Reducing the pressure can be done in many ways, one of which can be as simple as opening a valve to drain hydraulic fluid from hydraulic system 10', allowing it to flow into vessel 300'. Once the skew is below a predetermined threshold again, the valve may be closed and hydraulic fluid may be returned to the hydraulic system 10'. It should be noted that the control system according to this embodiment can be integrated into an already existing roller crusher control system. It can also be done as a completely separate system, or even done manually.

As indicated above, FIG. 10 and 11 are perspective and side views of a roller crusher constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Two hydraulic cylinders 9 are shown in FIG. 11 with the stem 21 located between them, while in FIG. 10 hydraulic cylinders are not shown to show other details in more detail. In this embodiment, the mounting bases 24 are bolted to the respective end posts 11, but as noted above, other mounting options, such as welding, will be apparent to one skilled in the art. In this embodiment, the rods 21 are attached to the movable bearing housings 8 by a first pivot bracket 31 and to the arms 25 by a second pivot bracket 30. Other attachment methods are also possible, as described elsewhere in this application. In this embodiment, the deflection distribution shaft 20 with arms 25 and mounting bases 24 is mounted on the lower end of the frame 2 of the roller crusher 1, whereas in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the deflection distribution shaft 20 with arms 25 and mounting bases 24 is mounted at the upper end of frame 2. Positioning the deflection distribution shaft 20 with arms 25 and mounting bases 24 at or near the lower end of frame 2, as shown in FIG. 17 and 18 is sometimes preferred. This facilitates maintenance of the deflection shaft bearings 20 and the arms 25 since they are accessed from the lower end of the frame, ie at or near ground level. In addition, installation becomes less labor intensive as parts do not need to be lifted high off the ground. Often there is a top platform at or near the upper end of the frame 2 which provides access to the equipment from above. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17 and 18, such a platform does not need to be modified to make room for, for example, the deflection distribution shaft 20 and support 24. In FIG. 17 and 18 show rods 21 passing through holes in end supports 11. However, other means are possible, as disclosed elsewhere in this application, such as shown in FIG. 8-13, where the rods run along the end supports 11. In addition, the deflection distribution shaft, divided into at least two shaft elements 201, 202 connected to each other, makes installation and maintenance even less laborious.

It will be apparent to the skilled person that a number of modifications to the embodiments described herein are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

When installed in the roller crusher 1, the deflection distributor 100 according to the disclosed invention operates at idle (no force or pressure applied) during balanced feeding and even distribution of the feed material, and operates only during unstable feeding situations such as uneven feeding. material along the length of the discharge slot and/or ingress of non-crushable material not in the center of the discharge slot. Thus, the deflection distributor 100 controls the deflection of each bearing housing individually, controlling the spring rate of the roll crusher accumulator while maintaining a constant feed pressure profile.

The deflection distributor 100 of the disclosed invention provides the required instantaneous parallel deflection response time to cope with uneven material feed characteristics along the length of the discharge slot.

Prior art solutions for dealing with non-uniform supply characteristics and/or random oil movement involve moving oil with valves and pumps from one side to the other to compensate for skew events resulting from uneven supply. However, these systems are not fast enough to limit the misalignment to an acceptable level that would allow flanges to be used on one of the crusher rolls and still maintain the damping spring effect without overloading or underloading the system. In addition, when compensating for uneven feed characteristics, the hydraulic systems in these prior art solutions typically move the second crushing roll 4 away from the center of the discharge slot, which reduces crushing pressure and results in inadequate crushing within the roll crusher. This

-

Claims (27)

increases the amount of material that needs to be recycled. Maintaining the parallelism of the crusher rolls and a more or less constant crushing pressure on the feed material along the entire length of the crusher rolls, as well as over time, is key and important for a homogeneous production. In addition, the proposed position and fastening of the deflection distributor in the roller crusher, together with its design, minimizes the inertia and resulting forces during the rapid movement of the second roller 4 of the crusher. In addition, as disclosed in the Summary of the Invention, the deflection distributor may also be located in a roll crusher having two crushing rolls that can move within the frame, and in such cases, one deflection distributor may be installed for each crushing roll. In addition, the deflection distributor can be installed on a roller crusher in which the bearing housings of the crushing rollers can be moved in a rotatable manner relative to the frame. It is also possible to position the deflection shaft mounting bases on a separate stand just outside the end side of the roller crusher frame holding the crusher movable roll, instead of attaching it directly to the frame, and still attach the rods to the movable crusher's movable bearing housings. roll. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the lever described herein should generally be interpreted as the function it performs. For example, it is possible to attach the first end of the rod to the off-center deflection distribution shaft, thereby creating the necessary linkage. In general, the lever can be obtained in many ways by creating a distance between the attachment of the first end of the rod and the rotary axis of the deflection distribution shaft. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that depressurization of a hydraulic system, as described in one embodiment herein, may refer to only partial depressurization, or to depressurization entirely, depending on requirements. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the various embodiments described herein are compatible with each other, and the benefits discussed herein with respect to the various embodiments are equally applicable when the embodiments are combined with each other. For example, all embodiments described with respect to the split shaft shown in FIG. 2A-2E can be combined with the individual embodiments described in FIG. 3-18. CLAIM 1. An upgrade kit for a deflection distributor for a roller crusher, characterized in that it comprises a deflection distribution shaft, rods, each of which has first and second ends, and mounting bases for attaching said deflection distribution shaft to the first and second sides of the frame of said roller crusher, wherein the first end of each of said rods is attached to said deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each of said rods is adapted to be attached to the movable bearing housing of said roller crusher, wherein the deflection distribution shaft comprises at least two elements configured to connections with each other. 2. The retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least two shaft elements are capable of being connected by means of a rigid connection. 3. A retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least two shaft elements are configured to be connected by means of a pressure hydraulic or pneumatic connection. 4. The retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least two shaft elements are configured to be connected by means of a safety clutch. 5. The retrofit kit of claim 4 wherein the safety clutch comprises a torque limiting safety clutch. 6. The retrofit kit of claim 2, wherein the rigid connection comprises a bolted connection. 7. The retrofit kit of claim 1, wherein said deflection distribution shaft comprising said at least two members is rotatably supported in respective mounting bases. 8. A retrofit kit as claimed in claim 1, further comprising at least one change roll for a roll crusher, wherein flanges are attached to both ends of one of said rolls extending in the radial direction of the roll and projecting above the outer surface of the roll. 9. An upgrade kit as claimed in claim 8, further comprising replaceable bearings for said at least one replaceable roll. - 23 042399 10. The retrofit kit of claim 1, wherein said at least two shaft elements are rigid. 11. A retrofit kit according to claim 1, which has end supports that are configured to be mounted on the frame of the roller crusher from its specified first and second sides. 12. A method of installing a retrofitting deflection distributor kit according to claim 1 on a roller crusher, wherein the roller crusher comprises a frame, first and second crushing rollers axially parallel to each other, and the first crushing roller is supported in bearing housings located in the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable, and a hydraulic system, configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls, the method comprising attaching the second ends of the rods, respectively, to the movable bearing housings ; attaching mounting bases for each shaft end of said at least two shaft elements to said frame; connecting respective shaft end elements of said at least two shaft elements with their respective mounting bases and stems and connecting said at least two shaft elements to each other. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the first and second crushing rolls are placed axially parallel to each other, pushing the second crushing roll towards the first crushing roll using a hydraulic system. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein said deflection distributor retrofit kit is installed in parallel with the hydraulic system of the roller crusher. 15. Roll crusher containing a frame, the first and second crushing rolls, located in the axial direction parallel to each other, and the first crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are located in the frame, and the second crushing roll is supported in bearing housings, which are movable , and a hydraulic system configured to adjust the position of the second crushing roll and the crushing pressure between the two crushing rolls, while the roll crusher further comprises a deflection distributor, which contains a deflection distribution shaft, mounting bases for attaching said deflection distribution shaft to said roller crusher frame, and rods, each of which has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of each rod is attached to the specified deflection distribution shaft by means of a lever, and the second end of each rod is attached to the movable bearing housing of the second crushing roll, wherein the deflection distribution shaft comprises at least two elements configured to be connected to each other. 16. A roller crusher as claimed in claim 15, wherein said at least two shaft members are capable of being connected by means of a rigid connection. 17. A roller crusher according to claim 15, wherein said at least two shaft elements are configured to be connected by means of a safety clutch. 18. Roll crusher according to claim 17, wherein the safety clutch comprises a pressure hydraulic or pneumatic connection. 19. The roller crusher of claim 18, wherein the safety clutch comprises a torque limiting safety clutch. 20. Roll crusher according to claim 16, wherein the rigid connection comprises a bolted connection. 21. The roller crusher of claim 15, wherein the deflection distribution shaft, comprising said at least two shaft members, is rotatably supported in respective mounting bases. 22. Roll crusher according to claim 15, wherein said at least two shaft elements are approximately the same length. 23. Roll crusher according to claim 15, wherein said at least two shaft elements are rigid. 24. Roll crusher according to claim 15, wherein said at least two shaft elements are hollow and their wall thickness is 10-200 mm. 25. Roll crusher according to claim 15, wherein the deflection distributor is connected to the second roll in parallel with the hydraulic system. 26. A roller crusher according to claim 17, wherein flanges are attached to both ends of one of the first and second crushing rollers, extending in the radial direction of the roller and rising above the outer surface of the roller. 27. Roll crusher according to claim 17, further comprising end supports. -