RU2774489C1 - All-terrain vehicle with low pressure tires - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: all-terrain vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to wheeled all-terrain vehicles. The wheeled all-terrain vehicle is mounted on low-pressure cross-country tires with onboard power distribution. Torque is transmitted through cardan power distribution to the low pressure wheel rims and the low pressure tire inner case. Paddle wheels are installed on the rear axle shafts of the all-terrain vehicle.

EFFECT: increase of cross-country vehicle cross-country ability, reduction of load on the engine.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wheeled all-terrain vehicles. The invention relates to vehicles - all-terrain vehicles designed for movement in particularly difficult off-road conditions at any time of the year on any type of surface and on water.

The objective of this invention is the creation of a wheeled all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure terrain tires, due to high torque and the installation of paddle wheels on the rear axles of the all-terrain vehicle. Reducing the load on the engine when driving on unstable or unstable soils of low density (swamps). Increased water movement speed. Improvement of technical and operational characteristics. Possibility of transportation over long distances on roads on a rigid hitch without a trailer at a speed of 60-80 km/h.

Known wheeled all-terrain vehicle "Sherp" on low-pressure tires and is a vehicle with a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement, one-dimensional closed body, engine, transmission. The transmission with the steering mechanism "onboard clutches" is made in two stages, the first stage is chain, the second stage is made in the form of a wheel reducer and operates in an oil bath with power distribution to the wheels. The steering is made in the form of onboard turning mechanisms with non-steerable wheels. Tires of the low-pressure wheel mover are made with developed lugs and a low degree of tread filling. Wheel disks for fixing low-pressure tires have rims. The wheels are equipped with a tire pressure regulation system, from the driver's seat, with gas supply through the suspension arms. The wheels are rigidly enclosed on the frame, tire inflation is carried out by the exhaust gases of the engine through the frame. The role of shock absorbers is performed by tires interconnected into a single system by tubes. Due to this solution, the gas from one tire is freely transferred to others, creating a kind of air suspension. For example, when hitting a stone, the gas moves to other wheels and people sitting inside do not feel overcoming the obstacle. Currently, there are projects of all-terrain vehicles on low-pressure tires with wheel arrangements 4×4, 6×4, 6×6 on Internet resources (see http://www.pnevmohod.ru/node/14; http://arctictrans .ru/node/101; http://www.vsevezdehody.ru/menu-1-1.htm; http://sdmastera.narod.ru/razdel/pnevmohod/kuznehik/kuznehik.html).

The disadvantages of such designs are the use of transmission units, which are massive and voluminous, the use of chains requires constant lubrication, the chains are subject to stretching, high wear of the sprockets, and a short service life. Torque is transmitted to the low-pressure tire through the wheel axle, which places a large load on it, and often leads to its destruction. Tires are inflated with engine exhaust gases, moisture forms in the frame of the all-terrain vehicle, which contributes to the destruction of rubber by oil residues, the formation of rust, which eventually reduces the strength of the frame. Slow water movement speed. No wheel lock. When driving through a swampy bog, and especially when the all-terrain vehicle is fully loaded, it sits down on the bog, from which it can only be driven out by using a winch.

The closest in its technical essence to the proposed invention is a patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2707431 "Wheeled all-terrain vehicle on low pressure tires". The wheeled all-terrain vehicle on low pressure tires contains: the transmission is made of axles, shafts and angular gearboxes, the torque is transmitted to the disks of the low pressure wheels, consisting of the outer casing of the low pressure tire and the inner casing of the low pressure tire, interconnected by spacer inserts and spacer bushings when welding, through a two-stage cardan power distribution, where the first stage is made in the form of angular gearboxes, and the second stage is made in the form of a wheel gearbox, consisting of a gear of internal engagement of the low-pressure tire disk and gears of angular gearboxes operating in an oil bath, the wheels are equipped with a control system pressure from the driver's seat, with the ability to supply air through the axles of the wheels between the outer and inner housing of the low-pressure disk, the all-terrain vehicle has a gearbox with reduced and increased speeds, the ability to disconnect front, rear or all wheels from the transmission at the same time, the ability to block the wheel c when moving through water when using propellers.

The technical result of the invention is a transmission made with a steering mechanism "onboard clutches" with cardan power distribution to the wheels, the installation of paddle wheels on the rear axle shafts of the all-terrain vehicle.

The torque is supplied to the low-pressure tire of the left front wheel 20: from the differential 24, through the universal joint, to the distribution bevel gearbox 11, the drive gear axle of the distribution bevel gearbox 86, the driven gear 85, the driven gear 83, the driven gear axle of the distribution bevel gearbox 85, the cardan shaft of the left front wheel 13, the front attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the left side of the all-terrain vehicle 16, the splined axle of the drive gear 76, the drive gear 77 and the driven gear 3, fixed in the disk of the low pressure tire. Detachable bursting sleeve 78 is located between the right side of the drive gear 77 and the inner race of the bearing of the attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle 79, ensuring constant engagement of the drive gear 77 with the driven gear 3 (Fig. 5).

The torque to the low-pressure tire of the left rear wheel 1 is supplied from the differential 24, through the cardan, to the distribution bevel gear 11, the drive gear axle of the distribution bevel gear 86, the driven gear 85, the driven gear 82, the drive gear axle of the distribution bevel gear 80, the cardan of the left the front wheel 9, the rear attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the left side of the all-terrain vehicle 6, the splined axle of the drive gear 76, the drive gear 77 and the driven gear 3, fixed to the disk of the low pressure tire. Detachable bursting sleeve 78 is located between the right side of the drive gear 77 and the inner race of the bearing of the attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle 79, ensuring constant engagement of the drive gear 77 with the driven gear 3 (Fig. 5).

Torque is supplied to the low-pressure tires of the right front wheel 32 and the rear wheel 50 in the same way as low-pressure tires 1, 2.

The front wheel axle assembly 27 connects the ends of the left front wheel axle 22 and the right front wheel axle 29. Through the front wheel axle assembly 27, the front wheels are pumped and jumped, by a compressor with a receiver 51, through internal holes in the axles, with air entering through the front pumping pipeline wheels 26.

For maximum cross-country ability, the wheels are blocked by the blocker unit 54. The blocker unit 54 provides pumping and jumping of the rear wheels with a compressor with a receiver 51, through internal holes in the axes 4, 47, with air supplied through the rear wheel pumping pipeline 52.

The ability to move on an all-terrain vehicle using the front or rear wheels when transporting on a rigid hitch, disconnect all wheels from the transmission (Fig. 6).

On the axle of the left rear wheel 4, an impeller wheel 55 is installed, fixed with an external retaining ring 57 and an inner retaining ring 63, fixed with bolts. Splines 56 prevent the impeller from spinning on the axle.

On the axle of the right rear wheel 47, an impeller wheel 53 is installed, fixed with an external retaining ring 57 and an inner retaining ring 63, fixed with bolts. Splines 56 prevent the impeller from spinning on the axle.

The paddle wheel is made of rubber, reinforced with nylon threads for durability. The blades 60, the left side housing 59 and the right side housing 62 of the impeller are integrally formed. To eliminate the rush of the ends of the blades, a cable 61 is placed above them, fixed on the left 59 and right 62 side casing of the impeller. A splined housing 58 is placed inside the impeller wheel. The impeller blades are located at an angle, providing maximum cross-country ability in the swampy swamp.

To prevent dirt from entering the gears 3,19,31,49, they are placed in protective covers (not shown in the drawing).

The brake disks of the wheels are aligned with the axles of the wheels and work together with the brake disks of the shafts 23, 28, when the all-terrain vehicle turns.

The invention is illustrated by graphic materials, where:

Fig. 1 Scheme of a wheeled all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure tires:

Tire of low pressure of the left back wheel;

Low pressure tire disc of the left rear wheel;

Driven gear of the left rear wheel;

Axis of the left rear wheel;

Mounting unit of the left axle of the rear wheel to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle;

Rear attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the left side of the all-terrain vehicle;

Coupling;

Slotted cardan assembly of the left rear wheel;

Cardan of the left back wheel;

Coupling;

Distribution angular gear of the left side;

Shaft of distributive angular reducer of the left side;

Cardan of the left forward wheel;

Slotted cardan assembly of the left front wheel;

Coupling;

Front attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the left side of the all-terrain vehicle;

Brake drum;

Low pressure tire disc of the left front wheel;

Driven gear of the left front wheel;

Tire of low pressure of the left forward wheel;

Mounting unit of the left axle of the front wheel to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle;

Left front wheel axle;

Brake disk of a shaft of a distributive angular reducer of the left side;

Differential;

Engine;

The pipeline for pumping the front wheels;

Knot of axes of forward wheels;

Brake disk of the distribution shaft of the angular gearbox of the starboard side;

Right front wheel axle;

Attachment of the right axle of the front wheel to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle;

Driven gear of the left front wheel;

Tire of low pressure of the right forward wheel;

Low pressure tire disc of the right front wheel;

Front attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the starboard side of the all-terrain vehicle;

Coupling;

Slotted cardan assembly of the right front wheel;

Cardan of the right front wheel;

Coupling;

Distribution angular gear of the starboard side;

Shaft of distribution angular gear of the starboard side;

Coupling;

Cardan right rear wheel;

Splined cardan assembly of the right rear wheel;

Coupling;

Low pressure tire disc of the right rear wheel;

Rear mount of the drive gear to the frame of the starboard side of the all-terrain vehicle;

Right rear wheel axle;

Attachment of the right axle of the rear wheel to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle;

Driven gear of the left rear wheel;

Tire of low pressure of the right back wheel;

Compressor with receiver;

Rear wheel inflation pipeline;

Wing wheel of the rear axle of the starboard side;

Blocker node;

Wing wheel of the rear axle of the left side.

Fig. 2 Paddle wheel:

56. Splines;

57. External retaining ring;

58. Splined case of the impeller;

59. Left side housing of the impeller;

60. Paddle wheel;

61. Safety cable;

62. Right side case of the impeller;

63. Internal retaining ring.

Fig. 3 blocker assembly:

4. Left rear wheel axle;

64. V-belt;

65. Body blocker assembly;

66. Internal lever;

67. Left blocking disc;

68. Pressure roller;

69. Axis;

70. External lever;

71. Roller;

72. Slots;

47. The axis of the right rear wheel;

73. Right blocking disc;

Fig. 4 Front wheel axle assembly:

22. Left front wheel axle;

26. Front wheel inflation pipeline;

29. Right front wheel axle;

74. Front wheel axle housing;

Fig. 5 Constant engagement of drive and driven gears. Fig. 6 Output of the drive gear due to engagement with the driven gear:

1. Low pressure tire;

2. Low pressure tire disc;

3. Driven gear;

7. Coupling;

9. Cardan;

75. Clamping ring;

76. Splined axle of the drive gear;

77. Drive gear;

78. Detachable expanding sleeve.

79. Attachment of the drive gear to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle.

Fig. 7 Distribution bevel gear:

80. The axis of the driven gear of the distribution angular gearbox;

81. Housing of distribution angular gear;

82. Driven gear;

83. Driven gear;

84. The axis of the driven gear of the distribution angular gearbox;

85. Drive gear;

86. The axis of the drive gear of the distribution angular gearbox.

The operation of a wheeled all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure tires is carried out as follows. In the initial position, before the start of the movement of the all-terrain vehicle, the transmission from the wheels is connected, the torque is supplied to the low-pressure tires of the wheels from the differential 24, through the universal joints, to the distribution angular gearboxes 11, 39, the axles of the drive gears of the distribution angular gearboxes 86, the driven gears 85, the driven gears 82 , axes of the driven gear of the distribution angular gearbox 80, universal joints 9, 13, 37, 42, attachment points of the drive gears to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle 6, 16, 34, 46 splined axles of the drive gears 76, drive gears 77 and driven gears 3, 19, 31, 49 low-pressure tires fixed in the disc.

Detachable bursting sleeve 78 is located between the right side of the drive gear 77 and the inner race of the bearing, the attachment point of the drive gear to the frame of the all-terrain vehicle 79, ensuring constant engagement of the drive gear 77 with the driven gears 3, 19, 31, 49. Fig. 5. What provides the movement of the all-terrain vehicle.

For the movement of the all-terrain vehicle, front or rear wheels can be used.

When using rear wheel drive, the split rear wheel hub 78 is in the position shown in FIG. 5, and the front wheel expansion sleeve 78 in the position shown in FIG. 6. When using front wheel drive, the split rear wheel hub 78 is in the position shown in FIG. 6, and the front wheel expansion sleeve 78 in the position shown in FIG. 5. When transporting the ATV on a rigid hitch, all expanding sleeves 78 are in the position shown in FIG. 6.

When the all-terrain vehicle is moving, the paddle wheels do not touch the solid ground.

When the wheels of the all-terrain vehicle move and dive, on liquid swampy soil, bog, the paddle wheel of the rear axle of the starboard side 53 and the paddle wheel of the rear axle of the left side 55 come into operation. This significantly improves the cross-country vehicle's cross-country ability on marshy ground. Safety cable 61 protects the ends of the blades from damage. When moving through water, the speed will increase significantly.

If it is necessary to increase the cross-country ability of the all-terrain vehicle, the blocker assembly 54 is used. The blocking is carried out by moving the external lever 70, which, through the axis 69 and the pressure roller 68, presses the V-belt 64, to the side of the left blocking disk 67 and to the side of the right blocking disk 73. Thus, blocking is carried out all-terrain vehicle wheels.

Turns of the all-terrain vehicle to the left are carried out: by braking the brake drums of the left rear, left front wheels and the brake disk of the distribution angular gearbox shaft of the left side 23. To the right: braking by the brake drums of the right rear, right front wheels and the brake disk of the distribution angular gearbox shaft of the right side 28.

Braking is carried out by simultaneous braking of the brake drums of wheels 1,20,32,50 and brake discs 23,28.

Low pressure tires are inflated by compressor 51 through the receiver through the front wheel inflation line 26, the rear wheel inflation line 52, the front wheel axle assembly 27, the blocker assembly 54 and along the hollow axles 4, 22, 29, 47. The pressure in the wheel tires is reduced by a crane located on the compressor.

The proposed technical solution is not known from available sources of information about all-terrain vehicles on low-pressure tires, from which it follows that it can be practically implemented in production, that is, it meets the patentability criteria.

Claims (1)

A wheeled all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure tires, which is a vehicle with a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement with non-steerable wheels, characterized in that the transmission is made of axles, shafts and angular gearboxes, the torque is transmitted to the disks of the low-pressure wheels, vane wheels are installed on the rear axles of the all-terrain vehicle wheels made of rubber reinforced with kapron threads, moreover, the blades, the left side housing and the right side housing of the impeller are made as one piece, a safety cable is placed above them, a spline housing is placed inside the impeller, the impeller blades are located at an angle to the axis, the wheels are equipped with pressure control system from the driver's seat, the transmission is made with the ability to turn off the front, rear or all wheels at the same time, and with the ability to block the wheels.

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