RU2773003C1 - Gravity track - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrumentation.

SUBSTANCE: proposed is a reconfigurable gravity track intended for use in instrument manufacture for gravity-based transportation of parts made of non-magnetic materials. The track consists of two opposing side walls and a concave inclined bottom located between said walls. The walls of the track are made perforated, with cylindrical holes, interconnected by cylindrical rods, the ends whereof are placed in the holes of the walls, sleeves covering the rods are installed on said rods with permanent magnets secured thereon. The bottom of the track is made in the form of a flexible steel band placed between the walls of the track so as to be able to interact with the magnets.

EFFECT: increase in the productivity of the track due to the possibility of shaping the track not as a theoretical, but an experimentally selected, more accurate curve of steepest descent.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of instrumentation and is intended for transportation under the action of its own weight of parts made of non-magnetic materials (titanium, bronze, brass, aluminum and various plastics).

Currently, gravity trays are known. Usually they consist of opposite side walls, between which there is a rectilinear inclined bottom (the most common version of such trays is shown in Fig. 4, a in the book "A. N. Malov. Loading devices for metal-cutting machines, - M: Mashinostroenie, 1965" on page 12).

When using such trays, parts are loaded into its upper part, then slide or roll down an inclined bottom, and then unloaded from its lower part.

The described gravity trays are simple, but not always productive enough. Sometimes high performance is required from them. If such trays serve to connect machines (machines) in automatic lines, then it is necessary that they transfer parts from machine to machine as quickly as possible, otherwise they can become the “bottleneck” of the line and limit its productivity.

In order to increase the productivity of gravity trays, they are made concave, in particular, as described in the mentioned book on the same page, and shown in fig. 4 and above. During the operation of such a tray, the part is also loaded from above, but accelerates on a strongly inclined (steep) section of the tray, then goes to a less inclined section and approaches the unloading zone. Unlike straight bottom trays, concave bottom trays are usually more productive, since the time it takes for the part to move through them is less.

It is known that the time of transportation of parts can be significantly reduced if the concavity of the bottom of the tray is performed along a curve that is a segment of the cycloid (see the book by V.P. Bobrov “Design of loading devices for machine tools and automatic lines. - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1964, p. 92-93). Trays with a bottom concave in accordance with the cycloid are called quick descent trays and are used in cases where it is necessary to ensure high performance in transporting parts. However, it should be noted that their performance, after all, is not maximum. This is due to the fact that the cycloid as a line of steepest descent is a theoretical curve. It is obtained from purely geometric and theoretical-mechanical considerations and does not take into account many real factors acting on the part in the process of moving along the tray: its friction and impacts on the elements of the tray, air resistance, etc., and therefore is inaccurate. In order to take into account all these factors, when designing flumes of rapid descent, the profile of their bottom has to be selected experimentally. But the existing trays do not allow to ensure the accuracy of profile selection.

The problem that arises in connection with this is precisely the insufficient accuracy of the profile of gravity flumes. It is especially acute when transporting various parts, when a more or less universal tray is required, suitable for finding the optimal concavity of the bottom, which ensures the minimum time for a part of one type or another to move along the tray.

Technically, the solution to this problem is carried out by the fact that the gravitational tray, consisting of two opposite side walls and a concave inclined bottom located between them, differs from the known ones in that its walls are perforated, with cylindrical holes, interconnected by cylindrical rods, the ends of which are placed in the holes of the walls, on the rods there are bushings covering them with permanent magnets fixed on them, and the bottom of the tray is made in the form of a flexible steel tape placed between the walls of the tray with the possibility of interacting with magnets.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the proposed gravity tray, figure 2 - its view along arrow A.

The tray consists of two opposite side walls 1 fixed on the base 2 and a concave inclined bottom 3 located between them. Its walls are perforated, with cylindrical holes, interconnected by cylindrical rods 4, the ends of which are placed in the holes of the walls. Bushings 5 covering them with permanent magnets 6 fixed on them are installed on the rods, and the bottom 3 of the tray is made in the form of a flexible steel tape placed between the walls 1 of the tray with the possibility of interacting with magnets 6.

When using a tray to find its optimal concavity, which ensures the minimum time for parts to move along it, a representative part of one of the types of parts to be further transported along the tray is selected (recall that it is intended for transporting parts from non-magnetic materials). Then the rods 4 with bushings 5 are installed in the walls 1 of the tray so that the angle of inclination of the initial section of the bottom 3 of the tray, laid on magnets 6, with respect to the horizontal is 80 - 85 degrees, and the entire bottom has some initial concavity. After that, the representative part is loaded onto the tray and released into free movement, measuring the time of movement of the part to the end of the tray. Further, by rearranging the rods 4 with bushings 5, the angle of inclination of the initial section and the concavity of the tray are reduced. The representative part is loaded onto the tray again, released into free movement again, and the time of its movement to the end of the tray is again measured. Such operations are repeated a predetermined number of times, after which the position of the rods is selected, which ensures the minimum time for the movement of the part, and the angle of inclination of the initial part of the tray and its concavity are taken as the desired ones. In the future, for the transportation of parts similar to the representative part, a tray is made with the selected position of the rods.

By performing the operations described above, you can find the optimal parameters of the quickest descent trays. In general, the technical result of the proposal is to increase the accuracy of the experimental determination of the profiles of the bottom of gravity flumes, which ultimately ensures an increase in their productivity.

Claims (1)

Gravity tray, consisting of two opposite side walls and a concave inclined bottom located between them, characterized in that the walls are perforated, with cylindrical holes, connected to each other by cylindrical rods, the ends of which are placed in the holes of the walls, on the rods there are bushings covering them with fixed on them with permanent magnets, and the bottom of the tray is made in the form of a flexible steel tape placed between the walls of the tray with the possibility of interacting with magnets.

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