RU2770987C1 - Method for reclamation of lands contaminated with petroleum and petroleum products, and apparatus for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: reclamation of contaminated soil.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the petroleum industry and can be applied in reclamation of lands contaminated with petroleum and petroleum products. Unit for reclamation of lands contaminated with petroleum and petroleum products comprises two hoppers, UHF emitters, two drum mixers, a conveyor, a multi-fuel burner, an evaporator of an absorption refrigeration unit, a cooler. In the first part of the unit above the conveyor, UHF emitters, a drum mixer, the cooler are placed, in the second part of the unit, the multi-fuel burner, a drum mixer, the absorption refrigeration unit are located.

EFFECT: increase in the energy efficiency of the unit.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry and can be used in the remediation of lands contaminated with oil and oil products.

A mobile complex [1] is known from the prior art for cleaning soils and recultivating soils and arable lands from oil pollution, containing a traction power unit, a milling device, a batcher-mixer, a unit for laying cleaned soil, the mobile complex is additionally equipped with a blade in the form of a scraper knife and is located in front of the traction power unit, and the milling device is interconnected with the batcher-mixer and fixed on the platform, where there is also a three-section hopper for bulk materials and a hydraulic tank for a solution of biological products, while the batcher-mixer is made in the form of a container, inside which are located rotating augers, and the cleared soil laying unit is made in the form of a chamber of variable cross section with trapezoidal cutouts. Also, the diameter of the working surface of each auger is a multiple of its length for sandy and sandy loamy soils with a multiplicity factor of 1:10, and for other soils 1:15. The screws are made with a differentiated pitch.

Known technological scheme [2] installation for thermal treatment of industrial oil-containing and municipal solid waste, including the site of supply of waste for processing into the loading chamber, a rotary heat treatment furnace, structurally connected to the specified loading chamber and unloading chamber of the treated waste, a furnace for post-combustion of pyrolysis products, equipped with a system of gas ducts and gas pipelines, while the rotary heat treatment furnace contains a rotating drum with a retort coaxially installed inside it to form an annular gap, which is connected at one end to the loading chamber, and at the other - to the treated waste unloading chamber, while the said unloading chamber is connected by means of a transportation gas duct pyrolysis products with an afterburner, which, in turn, is additionally equipped with an air supply gas duct and is connected by a flue gas supply gas pipeline with an annular gap between the rotating drum and the furnace retort to ensure a counterflow of processing wastes in the retort and flue gases passing through the annular gap, and the said annular gap is also equipped with a gas pipeline for exhaust flue gases, while the waste supply unit for processing is additionally equipped with structural units: a crushing machine, as well as a vibrating screen and / or screens , and the waste processed by means of the indicated structural units and prepared for processing is fed into the loading chamber by at least one conveyor.

Known installation [3] for thermal processing of waste, containing a waste supply unit, a reactor for thermolysis destruction of waste and a combustion chamber for solid products of thermolysis destruction, as well as a reagent supply line connected to the specified combustion chamber for solid products, and a unit for transporting and removing flue gases, which is different the fact that it is equipped with a chamber for combustion of a gas-vapor mixture (VGM) and afterburning of solid products of thermolysis destruction, connected to the outlet of the specified combustion chamber for solid products and to the outlet of the thermolysis destruction reactor for VGM and in the upper part - with a unit for transporting and removing flue gases. Also, the waste thermolysis destruction reactor is made in the form of a sealed container equipped with a combustion device with a screw conveyor in its lower part. The unit for transporting and removing flue gases includes a chemical cleaning scrubber connected to the specified chamber for burning ASG and afterburning solid products and a battery cyclone and a bag filter for mechanical cleaning connected in series with it. A mixer for mixing with a filler is installed between the waste supply unit and the thermolysis destruction reactor.

The closest analogue (prototype) is a device [4] for cleaning the soil from oil products, containing a receiving hopper, a mixing device, a device for loading cleaned soil, a screw conveyor, a vibrator, characterized in that it is equipped with a crusher installed under the receiving hopper connected by a screw conveyor with a mixing device made in the form of a screw mixer horizontally located in the housing, in the upper part of which a dispenser for granular sorbent is installed, the output of the mixing device is connected by a screw conveyor to the hopper of the dryer, which is a housing with belt conveyors located one above the other, through which the material moves along the dryer and pours into the lower belt conveyor, the upper branches of the conveyors are in contact with the vibrators installed under them, made in the form of roller eccentrics with an individual or group drive, in the dryer housing under the conveyors Burners for burning sorbent with oil products were installed, in the upper part of the dryer there is a chamber for collecting exhaust gases connected through a cyclone and an absorber with a smoke exhauster, and a device for unloading cleaned soil is located at the outlet of the last conveyor and is a discharge channel connected to an opening made in side wall of the dryer housing, closed by a gate.

The inventions presented above have the following disadvantages - the complexity of the design due to their bulkiness and low energy efficiency.

The technical objective of the proposed invention is the reclamation of lands contaminated with oil and oil products, in two stages: the first one removes the light fraction of pollution, and the second, the final burning of oil products, while the condensates from the first stage are used as fuel for the needs of this installation, thereby increasing it energy efficiency.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1, which shows a General view of the plant for remediation of lands contaminated with oil and oil products.

The device for reclamation of lands contaminated with oil and oil products includes two bins 1 and 5, microwave emitters 2, two drum baking powder 3, a conveyor 4, a multi-fuel burner 6, a generator 7 of an absorption refrigeration unit, a cooler 8.

The method and device for its implementation is as follows. The layer of earth contaminated with oil and oil products is removed and loaded into the first hopper 1, from which the earth is moved by a conveyor 4 and simultaneously heated to a temperature of 200 ° C by microwave emitters 2. The number of microwave emitters depends on the productivity and power of the installation. Light fractions of oil evaporate and condense in the cooler 8. The collected oil in the cooler is subsequently used as fuel to maintain the operation of the next part of the plant, in which the remaining oil products are burned. The earth with oil product residues enters the second hopper 5, where the residues of oil pollution are burnt out by a multi-fuel burner 6. For better removal of oil pollution from the soil, drum 3 disintegrators are placed in the first and second parts of the device, which mix the soil, thereby increasing the evaporation area and facilitating removal oil products. The heat released during the burning process is used to operate the generator 7 of the absorption refrigeration unit (not shown in the diagram in full) to cool oil vapors after microwave heating. Next, the cleaned land is cooled, mixed with a peat mixture and returned to its place.

Microwave heating in the first part of the device allows for volumetric heating of contaminated soil and removal of flammable fractions of oil pollution, which can lead to an explosion.

In this device, for the condensation of vapors of oil and oil products, a cooler 8 is used, the operation of which is supported by an absorption refrigeration unit (not shown in full in the diagram). For the functioning of the generator 7 of the absorption refrigeration unit, heat is used from burning off the remains of oil pollution by a multi-fuel burner.

The advantage of the proposed installation is a self-sufficient closed process, during which, first of all, a light fraction of contaminants is removed, and then the final burning of oil products occurs, while the condensates formed during the first stage are used as fuel for a multi-fuel burner, and the heat generated by the installation is used to operate the generator of an absorption refrigeration unit that cools oil vapors after microwave heating, which significantly increases the energy efficiency of the unit.

Information sources:

1. RF patent No. 143136U1, February 17, 2014.

2. RF patent No. 75711 U1, 20.08.2008

3. RF patent No. 26665591С1, 10/27/2017

4. RF patent No. 2517 222C1, 08.10.2012.

Claims (2)

1. A method for recultivating lands contaminated with oil and oil products, consisting of two stages, where at the first stage a layer of earth contaminated with oil and oil products is removed and loaded into the first part of the device, into the first bunker, from which the earth is moved by the first conveyor with a drum baking powder and is simultaneously heated to a temperature of 200 ° C by microwave emitters, light fractions of oil evaporate and condense in the cooler, the collected oil in the cooler is subsequently used as fuel to maintain the operation of the second part of the device, getting into the second part of the device, the earth with oil residues passes through the second a bunker in which oil residues are burned with a multi-fuel burner for better removal of oil pollution from the soil, then the earth goes to the second conveyor with a drum baking powder, which mixes the earth, the heat generated during the burning process is used to operate the absorption refrigeration generator tanks for cooling oil vapors after microwave heating, then the cleaned land is cooled, mixed with peat mixture and returned to its place. 2. A device for implementing the land reclamation method according to claim 1, containing two bunkers, two conveyors, a multi-fuel burner, two drum baking powder, characterized in that it consists of the first and second parts of the device arranged in series to perform two successive stages, where in the first part of the device contains the first bunker and the first conveyor with a drum baking powder, while above the first conveyor there are microwave emitters for heating the earth during its movement and a cooler for condensing the evaporated oil fractions, in the second part of the device there is a second hopper and a second conveyor with a drum baking powder , at the same time, a multi-fuel burner is located at the second bunker to burn off the remnants of oil pollution, and a generator of an absorption refrigeration unit is located above the second conveyor, configured to cool oil vapors after microwave heating.

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