RU2770934C1 - Furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: furnaces.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a design of furnaces using solid fuel and is intended for use in baths for heating the steam room, generating steam, and for heating residential and non-residential premises. Furnace includes a body in the form of a horizontal steel pipe of a vertically elongated shape in the form of an ellipse with a burner in the internal space. Sections of the pipe are covered by the front and back walls with protrusions at the edges extending beyond the contour of the body. A flue branch pipe is therein located in the upper part of the body, closer to the back wall, and in the lower part, the furnace has support legs in the form of a downward elongation of the front and back walls of the body. The front wall of the body has a fuel-laying window with a door with a handle, and has an ash collector window with a door with a handle in the lower part under the fuel-laying window. The ash collector is made in the structural space of the body in the form of a space separated from the furnace by a grate connected coupled with the walls of the body and the front and back walls.EFFECT: increase in the reliability of the furnace, increase in the duration of burning with unchanged fuel consumption, and increase in the heat transfer.6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The claimed solution relates to the design of stoves using solid fuel and intended for use in baths for heating a steam room, generating steam and for heating residential and non-residential premises.

State of the art

A portable oven is known from the prior art (see RF patent No. 2666954 for an invention, publ. 09/13/2018).

The portable furnace is designed for outdoor use in natural conditions, contains a furnace, a grate, a blower and a window for loading fuel, characterized in that the furnace is made in the form of a gas generating unit with a given profile shape, consisting of a solid fuel gasification compartment separated by a vertical partition , equipped with a bypass hole in the lower part, from the combustion compartment of the generated volatile gases, in the walls of which there are holes for access to the air combustion zone from the outside and which is located under the exhaust pipe, and the fuel loading window is made in the form of a hatch with a tight-fitting lid, while The furnace is equipped with an external shielding casing, inside which elements of the furnace are fixed with a guaranteed gap, and support legs are installed outside.

Known furnace is intended for use only in natural conditions in the open air.

The furnace has a rectangular-section furnace, which negatively affects the efficiency of the design, taking into account the formation of the so-called "dead zones", in which the fuel cannot completely burn out.

The furnace is not characterized by a sufficiently high efficiency, does not provide the duration of the combustion process with a one-time fuel load.

In addition, the furnace has structural complexity and, as a result, the complexity of assembly / disassembly, the complexity of cleaning during operation due to the accumulation of burnt fuel in the corners of the furnace.

A portable stove for heating and cooking in the field is known from the prior art (see RF patent No. 108824 for a utility model, publ. 27.09.2011).

The portable furnace contains a firebox with a grate and a fuel door and a heat sink, characterized in that the firebox and the heat sink are made in the form of truncated cones installed by constrictions opposite each other with the possibility of mutual separation, while a removable nozzle is installed between the cones of the firebox and the heat sink.

Known oven is intended only for heating and cooking in the field. It has a complex design and, as a result, low manufacturability, high material consumption, complexity of assembly / disassembly, impossibility of cleaning during operation, large dimensions and weight, which reduces the transportability of the furnace.

In addition, the furnace is not characterized by a sufficiently high efficiency, does not provide effective heat removal and the duration of the combustion process with a one-time fuel load.

A furnace for a stove or fireplace is known from the prior art (see RF patent No. 174725 for a utility model, publ. 10/30/2017).

The firebox is a box and includes vertical walls, a ceiling and an opening for flue gases, characterized in that it consists of elements that are fireclay blocks, made with the possibility of interconnection by means of vertically located cutouts made in the wall of the block at the point of attachment of an adjacent block, while the elements are interconnected using a heat-resistant binder.

The disadvantages of the known furnace is the design complexity and, as a consequence, low manufacturability, high material consumption, complexity of assembly/disassembly, the inability to clean during operation.

In addition, the well-known furnace has a rectangular cross section, which adversely affects the efficiency of the structure, taking into account the formation of the so-called "dead zones", in which the fuel is not able to completely burn out.

The task to be solved by the claimed furnace is to create a simple, reliable, easy-to-transport and operate design of a compact long-burning furnace, economical in fuel consumption and increased heat transfer.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result of the claimed furnace is a simple design of the furnace, increased reliability, as well as an increase in the duration of combustion at a constant fuel consumption and thereby an increase in heat transfer.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the furnace includes a housing (1) of Fig. 1, 2 in the form of a horizontally located steel pipe of a vertically elongated shape in the form of an ellipse in a profile section. The housing (1) has a firebox and an ash pan (1.1) in the interior space of FIG. 1. Sections of the pipe (body) are closed by the front (2) and rear walls (3) with protrusions at the edges extending beyond the contour of the body of FIG. 1, 2. In the upper part of the housing (1), closer to the rear wall (3), there is a chimney pipe (4) of Fig. 1, 2. The furnace has support legs (2.1), (3.1) in the form of a downward extension of the front (2) and rear (3) walls of the housing (1). The front wall (2) of the body (1) has a window closed by a door (2.2) with a handle (2.2.1) for putting fuel into the furnace space. In the lower part, under the window for loading fuel, the front wall (2) of the body (1) has an ash pan window (1.1) with a door (2.3) with a handle of Fig. 12.

The ash pan (1.1) is made in the structural space of the housing (1), in the form of a space separated from the furnace by a grate (4) coupled with the walls of the housing (5) and with the front (2) and rear (3) walls of Fig. one.

The ellipsoidal shape of the body (1) with a furnace in the internal space ensures the functional use of the internal volume (cavity) of the furnace tube without the formation of so-called "dead zones", when fuel is placed in which it is not completely burned out (in the corners), the fuel burns through and slides along the walls and and as one part of the fuel burns out, the next one falls into the center. In addition, the vertically elongated shape of the body increases the vertical space of the furnace, which increases the space for combustion, allows you to make a bookmark of a larger volume, saves space in the room.

The execution of the body (1) in the form of a horizontally located pipe makes it possible to simplify production, in addition, it makes it possible to manufacture furnaces with different depths of the furnace without changing the production units and operations by changing the length of the pipe section used for the body (1).

In a particular case, the ash pan (1.1) can be fitted with a drawer that repeats the shape of the ash pan (1.1) to ensure quick cleaning of the ash pan.

In a particular case of execution, the furnace in the internal structural space of the body (1) has a chipper tooth (6). The chipper tooth (6) is located in front of the chimney pipe (4) at an angle to the upper edge of the body, so that an acute angle is formed towards the chimney pipe, while the blade of the chipper tooth (6) partially overlaps the inlet of the chimney pipe (the hole from the side furnaces, which include flue gases). The chipper tooth (6) increases the duration of combustion and restrains the rapid release of heat and flue gases into the chimney (4).

In a particular case of execution, on the lateral upper longitudinal surfaces (sides) of the body (1), handles (1.2) are fixed, consisting of two bases located parallel to each other and connected in the upper part by a holder in the form of a cylindrical element.

In a particular case of execution, on the rear wall of the body there is an additional removable grate-heater of a hinged type with the formation of a space for laying stones (not shown in the figures).

In another particular case, the stove in the upper part of the body (1) with coverage of its lateral longitudinal surfaces (sides) has an open U-shaped grate-heater (7) of square or rectangular shape for laying stones. The side sides of the heater grate (7) are located with a ledge above the upper part of the body (1) with the formation of a space for laying stones from above, while the chimney pipe (4) is located inside the open U-shaped heater grate. The lateral sides of the grill-heater (7) are equidistant relative to the lateral longitudinal surfaces (sides) of the body (1) with the possibility of laying stones from the side.

The features and essence of the claimed solution are explained in the following detailed description, illustrated by drawings (see figures 1 and 2).

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 - a variant of the design of the furnace for space heating.

In FIG. 2 - a variant of the design of the stove for a bath.

Brief description of structural elements

1 - body

1.1 - ash pan;

1.2 - handle;

2 - front wall;

3 - back wall;

4 - chimney pipe;

5 - grate;

6 - chipper tooth;

7 - grate-heater.

The principle of operation and examples of the implementation of the furnace (see figures 1 and 2).

Slightly open the ash pan window (2.3) by the handle and open the door (2.2) of the window with the help of the handle (2.2.1) for loading (loading) fuel into the furnace furnace. Put fuel (for example, chocks, chips, firewood, peat briquettes, coal, etc.) through the door (2.2) into the internal cavity of the furnace through the loading window in the front wall (2) of the furnace body in such a way that the furnace is loaded, not interfering with the free opening/closing of the door (2.2). The fuel is ignited and the air supply is regulated by slightly opening the window (2.3) of the ash pan (1.1), upon completion, the door (2.2) of the window is closed for loading (loading) fuel into the furnace furnace. The ignition of the furnace, in the preferred embodiment, is carried out in the upper part of the fuel, since the design of the body in the form of a vertically elongated pipe in the form of an ellipse with a furnace in the internal space provides for the combustion of fuel from top to bottom. Flue gases exit into the chimney through the chimney pipe (4) located in the upper part of the furnace body (1), closer to the rear wall (3) of the furnace body. After the start of kindling and a decrease in the amount of fuel, the fuel is reloaded through the loading window in the front wall (2) of the furnace body by opening the door (2.2) by the handle (2.2.1). Then, using the handle (2.2.1), close the door (2). After active burning of the fuel, the furnace is switched to the slow smoldering mode by stopping the air supply through the window (2.3) of the ash pan (1.1). Between the firebox and the ash pan (1.1) in the inner lower part of the body (1) there is a grate (5) with holes connecting the firebox with the ash pan (1.1). The ash pan (1.1) is used to collect ash and slag resulting from the combustion of fuel. In a particular case of execution by the degree of extension of the ash pan (14), in addition to the speed of cleaning, it is possible to regulate the draft (air supply) and thereby control the combustion process of the fuel. The best combustion mode is ensured when the furnace is fully loaded with fuel. The more densely the internal space of the furnace is filled with fuel, the better the combustion mode is ensured, and the longer the furnace works with one refueling. The heat released during fuel combustion heats the front (2), side, back (3), upper and lower walls and parts of the furnace body (1), thereby heat is removed from the furnace body and heats the room.

In a particular example of the execution of a furnace for space heating (see Fig. 1), on the lateral upper longitudinal surfaces (sides) of the body (1) of the furnace, handles (1.2) are welded, consisting of two bases located parallel to each other and connected in the upper part by a holder in the form of a cylindrical element. The handles (1.2) are designed to make it easier to carry the stove, for example, from indoors to outdoors or to another room. This embodiment of the furnace can be used in the summer - for burning garbage, and in the winter - for heating the house.

In a particular case of execution, when the furnace has a chipper tooth (6) of Fig. 2 it serves as a flame arrester (does not allow it to go out into the chimney pipe). In addition, the chipper tooth partially blocks the inlet of the chimney pipe, which prevents flue gases from escaping immediately and more efficiently heating the walls of the furnace and the heater with stones.

In a particular case of making a furnace (see Fig. 2) in the upper part of the body (1) with an installed open grate-heater (7) U-shaped square during installation, the space formed by the grate-heater (7) is filled with stones, from above and from the side.

In a particular case of execution, when an additional removable grate-heater of a hinged type (not shown in the figures) is installed on the back wall (7) of the body with the formation of a space for laying stones at the back, during installation, the space formed by the grate-heater (7) is filled with stones.

Used grills-heaters allow you to lay stones not only from above, but also from the side and behind, which allows you to increase the productivity of steam in the bath when pouring water on them.

The claimed furnace is a highly efficient long-burning heating device, can heat large rooms, can provide fast heating, long-term fuel burning and long-term heat retention in the room.

Profitability in fuel consumption is ensured due to slow and long burning of fuel (from top to bottom).

The increase in heat transfer is achieved due to the placement of an open grate-heater, both from the upper part of the furnace body covering the side outer longitudinal surfaces of the body, and from the rear wall of the furnace body.

The stove can be installed and placed both in a bathhouse, and in residential and non-residential premises, as well as on the street for burning garbage in the summer. The oven can be easily moved with the help of handles to the required place and installed on supporting metal legs.

It should be noted that the presented embodiments of the furnace are not the only ones. The main distinguishing feature of the claimed furnace is the production of a furnace structure, including a body in the form of a horizontally located pipe made of vertically elongated steel in the form of an ellipse with a furnace in the inner space. On the basis of this form of housing, various modifications of stoves are made both for baths and for heating residential and non-residential premises.

The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish: there are no analogues with a set of essential features identical to the essential features of the claimed utility model, which indicates that the claimed utility model complies with the patentability condition “novelty.

Although the claimed furnace is shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments (executions), it will be clear to specialists in the art that various changes in form and content can be made without deviating from the essence and scope of the utility model. , which are defined by the attached formula, taking into account the description and drawings.

Claims (6)

1. Furnace, including a body in the form of a horizontally located steel pipe of a vertically elongated shape in the form of an ellipse with a furnace in the inner space, the pipe sections are closed by front and rear walls with protrusions along the edges extending beyond the contour of the body, while in the upper part of the body, closer to the back wall, there is a chimney pipe, in the lower part the furnace has support legs in the form of a downward extension of the front and rear walls of the body, the front wall of the body has a window for loading fuel with a door with a handle, and in the lower part under the window for loading fuel has a window an ash pan with a door with a handle, while the ash pan is made in the structural space of the housing in the form of a space separated from the firebox by a grate associated with the walls of the housing and with the front and rear walls. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, in which handles are fixed on the lateral upper longitudinal surfaces-sides of the body, consisting of two bases arranged parallel to each other and connected in the upper part by a holder in the form of a cylindrical element. 3. The furnace according to claim 1, in which in the upper part of the body, covering its lateral longitudinal surfaces-sides, there is an open U-shaped grate-heater of a square or rectangular shape from a wire rod for laying stones in such a way that its sides are located with a ledge on a certain distance above the upper part of the body with the formation of a space for laying stones from above, while the chimney pipe is located inside an open U-shaped grate-heater. 4. The furnace according to claim 3, in which the lateral sides of the open U-shaped grate-heater are equidistant relative to the lateral longitudinal surfaces-sides of the body and are bent in the shape of a pipe in such a way that there is space between them for laying stones on the side. 5. The stove according to claim 1, in which a box is installed in the ash pan, repeating the shape of the ash pan. 6. The stove according to claim 1, in which the inlet of the chimney pipe is partially blocked by a chipper tooth web located at an angle to the upper edge of the body, with an acute angle towards the chimney pipe.

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