RU2767550C1 - Assortment accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: timber industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of the timber industry and can be used in the formation of packs of assortments with the simultaneous determination of the mass of wood in the formed pack. The device works as follows. Accumulator capacity for storing assortments, limited in the direction of feeding the assortments by two vertical posts. The container (1) for placing assortments is equipped with two parallel branches of the ropes (5), one end of which is rigidly connected to the feeder frame, and the other is passed through the block (6) mounted on a vertical rack, and is fastened to the top weight of a set of identical weights lying in guides on the support and connected in series with each other by flexible connection. The total mass of weights in their two sets is equal to the given final mass of the accumulated assortments coming from the feeder, and the mass of a single load is equal to half the average mass of one assortment collected in the container, and on each support of the set of weights there is a sensor for fixing the formation of a gap between the support and the lower weight. In the initial position, two parallel branches of the ropes (5) hang freely over the container (1). The depth of their sagging is determined by the value of H, measured vertically from the horizontal tangent to the arc of the sagging of the ropes and point A of dumping assortments (2) from the feeder located on its frame (3). When rolling assortments (2) on the branches of the ropes 5, the latter discretely sag under their weight. With each subsidence of the ropes, due to the replenishment of the container (1) with one assortment, two single weights are lifted, one from each of their set (7) due to a discretely increasing force in the ropes.

EFFECT: invention provides an orderly, without distortions and scattering of the ends, stacking assortments in a pack into the storage tank, as well as the possibility of accurate weight accounting of wood entering the storage tank, ease of manufacture, and maintenance of the feeder without manual labor.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of timber industry and can be used in the formation of bundles of assortments with the simultaneous determination of the mass of wood in the formed bundle.

The final operation performed during the processing of round timber on slashers, trimmers, sorting conveyors and other types of crosscutting or sorting equipment is the placement of the resulting segments of round timber, called assortments, into drives. From the accumulators, the formed bundles of assortments are sent to the place of further processing or to a timber vehicle for delivery to the consumer. The design of the drives should ensure their full loading without the use of manual labor to correct log distortions, align their ends and cross-roll

Properly shaped packs are easy to remove from storage and transport to areas for their subsequent processing. At the same time, it is desirable to have data on the mass of packs formed in each drive in order to account for wood already at the beginning of the technological process of processing it or sending it to the consumer. The mass of the pack must also correspond to the load capacity of the loading and stacking mechanism.

In practice, the condition for the formation of ordered bundles of assortments is often not fulfilled. Distortions of assortments and spread of ends occur as a result of running forward of the butt end of the assortment when it rolls down slopes. The phenomenon of running is explained by the fact that the wood trunk has a taper, that is, a decrease in the diameter of the trunk from the butt to the top, and the assortments rolled down the slope have the shape of a truncated cone. When such assortments are rolled down a slope (up to three meters long), they are “fired”, that is, they are laid in an inclined and even vertical position, which excludes the possibility of obtaining a general ordered position of the assortments in a pack. It is difficult or impossible to remove a “fired” pack from the drive. Disassembly of such a pack is carried out manually. As the accumulator is loaded and the rolling of assortments along the slopes decreases, the spread of their ends and distortions decrease. It has been established that if the distance of rolling assortments along the slopes does not exceed 1 m, then the spread of the ends is within acceptable limits.

In practice, the condition for obtaining data on the mass of packs formed in the drives is also not fulfilled. Obtaining such data immediately after cutting the logs or sorting assortments, that is, at the first stages of the technological process of wood processing, would be very useful. However, the accumulators used are usually not equipped with weight accounting devices due to the design difficulties in organizing such accounting. Therefore, weight accounting for the mass of packs is carried out by means of a separate, rather laborious operation in the implementation of the subsequent stages of the technological process of processing assortments.

In the prior art, a device for accumulating round timber is known (Patent RU98745 U1, Device for forming timber bundles, publ. 27.10.2010, Bull. No. 30).

The disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of the design. The rope block system used does not solve the problems of forming an ordered bundle of assortments and determining the mass of accumulated assortments.

Known for the design of the transverse sorting conveyor, which includes a drive, in which, to ensure the formation of an ordered pack of assortments, a set of controlled levers forming a container is placed.

As the container is filled, the levers smoothly lower the pack, due to which the height of the fall of the assortments from the bearing surface of the conveyor into the drive remains minimal all the time, ensuring uniform filling of the container and excluding the possibility of “burning” the assortments (Technology and equipment of forest warehouses and woodworking shops: textbook / under V. I. Patyakin, edited by V. I. Patyakin, M.: GOU VPO MGUL, 2008. P. 141, Fig. 6.4, a, p. 142, text).

The disadvantage of the known device is the complexity of the lever system, as well as the impossibility of weight accounting for wood formed in packs.

Known design in the form of a double-chain transverse conveyor with folding racks, hinged on the chains. The logs dropped from the timber conveyor fall onto a screw roller table, where they are aligned with the ends along the restrictive shield and, simultaneously moving in the transverse direction, fall into a container formed by slopes and racks. As the container is filled, the conveyor is periodically turned on and the racks are moved away from the slopes in the direction of the logs. At the same time, the capacity increases, the logs settle, and the length of the slope retains its original small value (Zalegaller B.G., Lastochkin P.V., Boikov S.P. Technology and equipment of forest warehouses: Textbook for universities. - 3rd ed., corrected ., add., - M: Lesnaya prom-st, 1984. S. 193, Fig. 104, c).

The disadvantages of such a forest storage are the complexity, relatively high cost, as well as the impossibility of carrying out weight accounting of wood formed in packs.

The closest device to the claimed device is the design of the drive, which is part of the longitudinal sorting conveyor, which is made in the form of a slope that limits the capacity of the drive from the side of the conveyor and vertical racks that limit the capacity of the drive in the direction of supplying assortments (Technology and equipment of timber warehouses and woodworking shops: textbook / edited by V. I. Patyakin - M: GOU VPO MGUL, 2008. P. 136, Fig. 6.2, a) - prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: the formation of distortions ("burning") of assortments when they roll down the slope from the feeder (in this case, the sorting conveyor) into the drive; scatter of ends of assortments in a pack; the use of manual labor to correct distortions of the assortments in the drive; the impossibility of carrying out weight accounting of wood formed in packs; complexity and complexity of maintenance.

The technical task of the invention is: the creation of a new device that provides orderly, without distortions and scatter of ends stacking assortments in a pack in the storage tank; ensuring the possibility of accurate weight accounting of wood received in the storage tank; ease of manufacture; maintenance of the feeder without the use of manual labor.

The task is achieved by the fact that in a device that includes a feeder with a container for accommodating assortments, limited in the direction of supplying assortments by two vertical posts, the container for accommodating assortments is equipped with two parallel branches of ropes, one end of which is rigidly connected to the feeder frame, and the other is passed through the block mounted on a vertical rack and fastened to the top weight of a set of identical weights lying in guides on a support and connected in series by a flexible connection, while the total weight of the weights in their two sets is equal to the specified final weight of the accumulated assortments coming from the feeder, and the weight of a single of the load is equal to half the average weight of one assortment collected in the container, while on each support of the set of goods there is a sensor for fixing the formation of a gap between the support and the lower load.

The device has the following differences from the prototype:

- capacity for placement of assortments is equipped with two parallel branches of ropes;

- one end of the branches of the ropes is rigidly connected to the feeder frame, and the other is passed through a block mounted on a vertical rack and fastened to the upper load of a set of identical loads lying in the guides on the support;

- the loads are connected in series with each other by a flexible connection;

- the total mass of goods in their two sets is equal to the specified final mass of the accumulated assortments coming from the feeder;

- the mass of a single cargo is equal to half of the average mass of one assortment collected in a container;

- on each support of the set of weights there is a sensor for fixing the formation of a gap between the support and the lower weight.

This will ensure: orderly stacking of assortments in a pack into the storage tank without distortions and scatter of ends; the possibility of accurate weight accounting of wood received in the storage tank; ease of manufacture; maintenance of the feeder without the use of manual labor.

Comparative analysis of the proposed device and the prototype reveals the presence of distinctive features of the proposed device in comparison with the closest analogue, which allows us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the criterion of "novelty".

Since the study of the object of the invention in the patent and scientific and technical literature did not reveal solutions containing features of the claimed invention that are different from the prototype, it should be concluded that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "significant differences".

The presence of distinctive features makes it possible to obtain a positive effect. The use of the device according to the claimed invention in the timber industry ensures that it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

in fig. 1 - Accumulator in its original position,

in fig. 2 - Accumulator with a formed bundle of assortments,

in fig. 3 - Section A-A in Fig. 2.

in fig. 4 - Closed single weights in guides.

The device (Fig. 1) includes a container 1 for placing assortments 2, limited by the frame of the feeder 3 and vertical posts 4, equipped with two parallel ropes 5, one end of which is fixed on the frame of the feeder 3, and the other end is passed through the block 6 and connected to the top load a set of weights 7 placed in the guides 8. The weights are connected by flexible connections 9 (Fig. 2, 4) located in the cavities 10 (Fig. 4), and the sets of weights in the initial position lie on the supports 11, in which the sensors 12 are installed, fixing the moment the formation of a gap h (Fig. 2, 3) between the lower weights and the reference plane of the supports.

The device works as follows.

In the initial position (Fig. 1), two parallel branches of the ropes 5 freely sag above the tank 1. The depth of their sagging is determined by the value H, measured vertically from the horizontal tangent to the arc of the sagging ropes and the point A of the discharge of assortments 2 from the feeder located on its frame 3 The value of H is experimentally set to the minimum possible from the conditions of moving the assortments 2 along the branches of the ropes 5 without distortions, without spreading the ends and without them rolling out of the container in the feed direction due to inertia forces. Single weights in their set 7 in guides 8 lie on supports 11 closed on top of each other. Their flexible connections (in the form of ropes or chains) are placed in cavities 10 (Fig. 4).

When rolling the assortments 2 onto the branches of the ropes 5, the latter discretely sag under their weight. With each subsidence of the ropes, due to the replenishment of the container 1 with one assortment, two unit loads are lifted, one from each of their set 7, due to a discretely increasing force in the ropes. This force is transmitted by ropes 5 to single weights through blocks 6 mounted on vertical racks 4, which leads to the lifting of a pair of single weights, one from each of their set 7.

The subsidence is adjustable in depth, since the average mass of one assortment known in advance for a given drive is balanced by the corresponding mass of two unit loads.

A discrete increase in the masses of goods with a successive fall of assortments into the tank is ensured by the presence of flexible connections 9 between unit loads in their set 7. Thus, when the number N of assortments is accumulated in the tank, we have the number 2N of individual goods hanging in guides 8, connected by flexible connections 9, unit loads.

Due to the weight balance between the weight of the assortments on the ropes 5 and the weight of the loads hanging in the guides 8, the height of their fall H from the feeder into the tank remains practically the same, since subsequent assortments fall on a number of previously fallen and sagging assortments. Thus, while maintaining the depth of fall H, it is possible to solve the problem of placing the assortments coming from the feeder in the storage tank without distortions and scatter of the ends.

When the container 1 is completely filled with assortments (Fig. 2, 3), the entire set of 7 unit loads connected by flexible connections 9 rises above the supports 11, forming a clearance h (Fig. 2, 3), the presence of which is recorded by sensors 12. The operation of sensors 12 determines the moment of completion of the replenishment of the container 1 with assortments 2 from the feeder.

Setting a certain number of unit loads of a certain mass in their sets 7 and using sensors that determine the moment of completion of the replenishment of the drive, allows us to solve the set technical problem of weight accounting for the assortments that have fallen into the drive. The solution of this problem makes it possible to keep records of the wood entering the processing almost at the very beginning, which is important, of the subsequent technological process for the production of the final product.

Data on the mass of the formed pack of assortments is also necessary when selecting the cargo-transport mechanisms required for extraction from the drive, moving to workshops, stacking wood, as well as when loading assortments onto the vehicles of the consumer who transports wood in a round form.

Currently, the labor-intensive accounting of round wood, most often carried out by the weight method, is a separate, rather costly operation carried out on specialized equipment. A separate operation, carried out in end levelers of various designs, is the alignment of the ends of assortments in packs.

The design of the device, in comparison with the prototype, ensures its maintenance without the use of manual labor. The device is easy to manufacture and maintain.

The device can be used in the timber industry when sorting round timber, when forming packs of assortments coming from uncouplers of various designs. It is possible to use the device in the formation and accounting of packs of lumber.

Claims (1)

Assortment accumulator, including a feeder with a capacity for accommodating assortments, limited in the direction of supplying assortments by two vertical posts, characterized in that the capacity for accommodating assortments is equipped with two parallel branches of ropes, one end of which is rigidly connected to the feeder frame, and the other is passed through a block installed on a vertical stand, and fastened with the upper load of a set of identical loads lying in guides on a support and connected in series by a flexible connection, while the total mass of loads in their two sets is equal to the specified final mass of the accumulated assortments coming from the feeder, and the mass of a single load is equal to half the average weight of one assortment collected in the container, moreover, a sensor for fixing the formation of a gap between the support and the lower load is placed on each support of the set of weights.

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