RU2764917C1 - Method for increasing the productivity of broiler chickens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method for increasing the productivity of broiler chickens. The method is characterized by the fact that in the age period from 1 to 38 days, broiler chickens’ basic diet includes lactulose-containing additive Lactuvet-1 in a dose of 0.4 g/kg of live weight or lactulose-containing additive Lactuvet-1 in a dose of 0.4 g/kg of live weight and chlorella suspension in a dose of 5 ml/kg of feed. The use of the invention will optimize the productivity of broiler chickens, the digestibility of nutrients and normalize metabolic processes.

EFFECT: expansion of the range of solutions to increase broiler chickens’ productivity.

1 cl, 5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to poultry farming, and can be used to increase the meat productivity of broiler chickens and improve the quality of the products obtained.

An effective means of correcting dysbiosis, normalizing microbiological processes in the digestive tract, increasing the intensity of growth and productivity of young birds by improving the digestibility and use of dietary nutrients, and reducing feed costs per unit of growth is the use of safe and new natural feed additives [1; 2].

As modern studies show, lactulose-containing drugs have an impact on health as prebiotic agents and an immune system enhancer [3; 4]. At the same time, the effect of chlorella on improving the growth of birds of various species and, as a result, on the quality characteristics of poultry products has been scientifically confirmed [5; 6].

There is a known method of using chlorella in quail diets, which contributed to an increase in growth rates, an improvement in the modulated immune response [7]. Chlorella vulgaris in its composition contains polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, which contribute to the development and increase in the resistance of young animals and birds [8; 9].

There is a known method of growing broiler chickens using feed additives based on lactulose, which contributed to more intensive growth and improving the productive qualities of broiler chickens by optimizing the digestibility and use of feed nutrients by the body [10].

The objective of the invention is to study the effect of a new feed additive from a suspension of chlorella (Chlorella vulgaris strain IGF No. C-111) separately, as well as in combination with a lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1, on growth and development indicators and meat productivity of broiler chickens.

EFFECT: optimization of productivity indicators of broiler chickens, digestibility of nutrients, normalization of metabolic processes, increase in quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the products obtained, expansion of the range of feed additives for broiler chickens.

This is achieved by introducing a suspension of chlorella 5 ml/kg of feed and a lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1 0.4 g/kg of live weight into the diet of broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross in the age period from 1 to 38 days.

For research, chlorella of the strain Chlorella vulgaris IGF no. C-111 was cultivated in special devices designed for the cultivation of algae [11].

The basis of the nutrient medium (the main mother culture) included per 1 liter of water: ammonium nitrate - 1 g, superphosphate (10% solution) - 1 ml, ferric chloride (1 solution) - 0.15 ml, nitrate cobalt - 1 mg, copper sulfate - 1 mg and bacterial suspension - 40 ml. A control batch of chlorella was grown on this nutrient medium.

The prepared suspension to extend the period of use was subjected to primary processing according to the developed method [12]. The method of primary processing of biomass included the introduction of a preservative into it no later than 4 hours after collection, which is a mixture of aminoacetic acid in an amount of 0.4-0.6% and whey protein concentrate in an amount of 0.8-0.9% to algae biomass.

The lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1 is a light yellow powder made from molasses, a milk sugar processing product. Contains 97.5% solids, incl. disaccharide lactulose - not less than 14.5%, and its mineral part contains salts of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, trace elements - zinc, selenium, necessary for the growth and development of farm animals and poultry.

Example.

The experiment was carried out in the vivarium of the GNU NIIMMP (Russia, Volgograd), equipped in accordance with SP 2.2.1.3218-14. The object of research was broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 cross, imported from the poultry farm "Zavolzhskaya" of the Krasnokutsky district of the Saratov region. Were formed 4 groups of broiler chickens daily age of 50 heads each. The duration of the experiment was 38 days. The scheme of the experiment is presented in Table 2. During this time, the experimental bird received a balanced diet according to the feeding norms developed by the FSC VNITIP RAS, taking into account the actual nutritional value of the feed ingredients.

In the course of the experimental work, we studied the effect of feed additives on the productivity of poultry, which are a suspension of chlorella strain Chlorella Vulgaris IGF No. C-11, a lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1 and their composition. During the experiment, a suspension of planktonic strains (cell density from 50 to 500 million/ml), as well as a lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1, were dosed directly into the granulator receiver, which contributed to uniform moistening of grain raw materials up to 20%. Composition control and distribution were carried out manually. Control slaughter was carried out on the 38th day of detention. During the experiment, the live weight of the experimental birds was determined by individual weighing on an electronic scale of the VK-3000 brand with an accuracy of ± 0.1 g weekly from the daily age to slaughter.

We have developed a technology for the preparation of complete granular compound feed with a suspension of chlorella:

1. Grain components are extruded (feed extruder EK-40), where the feed product is thermally treated under pressure with simultaneous mechanochemical deformation and "explosion" in the front of shock discharge when the product exits the extruder die. As a result of such processing, the palatability of the feed is improved, since various aromatic substances are formed, digestibility increases significantly due to the breakdown of complex components into simpler ones, and some toxins are neutralized and their producers die.

2. Feed components that require grinding are ground on a hammer mill (ADM-0.3) to a particle size of not more than 1-1.5 mm.

3. All components are evenly mixed in a vertical mixing hopper (BSSH-0.5) and then fed into a horizontal mixer with the possibility of introducing liquid components (SGU-0.61), where the chlorella suspension is introduced into the mixture prepared for granulation at the rate of 0.5 l/10 kg.

4. The mass is brought to a high homogeneity and is fed by a batcher into the receiving hopper of the granulator (GM-100).

5. The obtained granules are cooled and sieved (AM-4).

The digestibility and use of nutrients in the rations were determined based on the results of the experiment according to the methodological recommendations of VNITIP. The cultivation efficiency index was determined by the formula:

where C - safety,%; m _w - live pre-slaughter weight, kg; t - growing period; K - feed conversion, kg.

The chemical composition of the pectoral muscles was studied in accordance with GOST 9793-74; 25011-81 and 23042-86.

In our studies, in the course of determining the live weight of broiler chickens, it was revealed that in the process of fattening by the end of the first week, the use of feed additives contributed to a more intensive growth of broiler chickens, and by the end of the second week there was a significant difference in live weight between the experimental and control chickens. groups (table 3).

Experience shows that at 14 days of age, the live weight of broiler chickens I; II and III experimental groups significantly exceeded control peers by 38.5 g (7.88%; p<0.05) 39 g (7.98%; p<0.05) and 40.8 g (8.35% ; p<0.05), respectively.

The absolute increase in live weight for the fattening period (1-38 days) in the experimental groups was 2269.8; 2277.6 and 2327.6 g against 2176.7 g in the control, which is by 4.27; 4.64 and 6.93% (p<0.01) more, respectively. The safety of birds by the end of the experiment in the experimental groups was 100%, in the control - 96%.

Studies have shown that the inclusion of a new feed additive in the diet of birds somewhat improved the digestive processes and digestibility of the feed due to the activation of lactic acid bacteria. As a result, an increase in the animals of the III experimental group in comparison with the experimental groups of the following indicators was reliably established:

- coefficient of digestibility of dry matter by 1.42; 0.72 and 0.61% (p<0.05);

- crude protein - by 1.93; 0.84 and 0.71% (p<0.05);

- raw fat - by 1.56; 0.73 and 0.62% (p<0.05);

- nitrogen-free extractives - by 1.73; 0.69 and 0.64% (p<0.05), respectively.

At the end of the experiment, a control slaughter and anatomical cutting of carcasses of broiler chickens was carried out (table 4).

As the control slaughter data show, the use of feed additives in poultry diets had a positive effect on the increase in the weight of the gutted carcass compared to the control group: by 73.1 g (4.6%), 82.8 g (5.2%), respectively , while the advantage was noted in the III experimental group by 137.5 g (8.7%). In terms of slaughter yield, the carcasses from the third experimental group were also superior.

According to the available data indicating a direct effect of lactulose-containing additives on the diet of poultry [13-15], our studies also indicate that chlorella in combination with the lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1 affects digestibility and can have a positive effect on the digestibility of feed by poultry.

To determine the nutritional value of the meat of experimental broiler chickens, the chemical composition of the pectoral muscles was studied (table 5).

The use of feed additives in feeding broiler chickens contributed to a decrease in moisture and an increase in protein in the experimental groups by 0.49; 0.60 and 1.57% (p<0.001), respectively, against the background of a decrease in the mass fraction of fat by 0.30; 0.35 and 0.55% (p<0.001), respectively, while the ash content in the pectoral muscle samples differed slightly.

In the study of organoleptic, physico-chemical, microbiological and safety indicators of meat of broiler chickens of the experimental groups, it corresponded to the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TP CU 034/2013 "On the safety of meat and meat products".

Thus, as a result of the studies, it was found that the use of new feed additives based on chlorella and the lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1, especially when they are used together, when growing broiler chickens, contributed to the improvement of the digestibility of nutrients, the normalization of metabolic processes in the body of chickens, which in turn, had a positive impact on the safety of livestock and productivity, minimizing the use of chemical therapeutic drugs, including antibiotics, in the growing process.

List of sources taken into account in the examination:

1. Tufarelli, V. Baghban-Kanani, P., Azimi-Youvalari, S., Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad, V., Slozhenkina, M., Gorlov, I. et al Effects of horsetail (equisetum arvense) and spimlina (spirulina platensis ) dietary supplementation on laying hens productivity and oxidative status // Animals. 2021. 11. 335. https://doi.org/10.3390/anill020335.

2. Kosey A.G. The effectiveness of the use of lactulose-containing feed additives in the cultivation of broiler chickens // Proceedings of the Kuban State Agrarian University. 2013. No. 45. pp. 174-176.

3. Increasing the productivity of pork production using lactulose-containing drugs / V. I. Vodyannikov, V. V. Shkalenko, F. V. Ruzheinikov, D. Yu. Makarov. // Pig breeding. 2012. №3. pp. 45-47.

4. Knyazhechenko O.A., Semenova I.A., Mosolov A.A., Frolova M.V., Slozhenkina M.I. Efficiency of new feed additives based on lactulose when growing rabbits // Agrarian and food innovations. 2020 T. 12, N 4 S. 51-59. DOI: 10.31208/2618-7353-2020-12-51-59

5. The effectiveness of the use of lactulose-containing drugs in the cultivation of turkey poults / Gorlov I.F., Komarova Z.B., Baranikov V.A., Kaidalov A.F., Lysenko S.N. // Proceedings of the Nizhnevolzhsky agro-university complex: Science and higher professional education. 2015. No. 3 (39). pp. 109-114.

6. Skvortsova L.N. Improving the state of the intestinal microflora of birds when using a lactulose-containing prebiotic in feeding // Poultry and poultry products. 2015. №3. pp. 33-35.

7. The use of chlorella suspension in quail breeding and its influence on the hatchability and safety of quail / Melikhov V.V., Frolova M.V., Moskovets M.V., Toropov A.Yu. // Proceedings of the Nizhnevolzhsky agro-university complex: Science and higher professional education. 2020. No. 2 (58). pp. 214-222.

8. Growth intensity and metabolic characteristics in young pigs fed with chlorella suspension / Niyazov N.S.A. // Problems of biology of productive animals. 2020. №2. pp. 82-89.

9. Bogdanov N.I. The use of chlorella in the diet of farm animals // Reports of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. - 2004. - No. 1. - S. 34-36.

10. Growing broiler chickens using new feed additives based on lactulose / M.I. Slozhenkina, I.F. Gorlov, A.G. Khramtsov, Z.B. Komarova, M.V. Frolova, S.S. Kurmasheva, A.V. Rudkovskaya // Poultry and poultry products. - 2021. №1. pp. 17-20.

11. Melikhov, V.V. Device for cultivating microalgae / Melikhov V.V., Kuznetsov P.I., Bogdanov N.I., Yakovlev S.V., Melikhova M.V. [and others] // Official Bulletin “Inventions. Utility models”, RU 2315805, 2008. - No. 3 (III). - S. 732.

12. Melikhov, V.V. Method for primary processing of biomass of blue-green algae / Melikhov V.V., Kuznetsov P.I., Moskovets M.V., Karengina T.V., Frolova M.V. // Official bulletin “Inventions. Utility models”, RU 2374187, 2009. - No. 2 (II). - S. 684.

13. Gorlov I.F., Slozhenkina M.I. The use of lactulose-containing drugs in animal husbandry and in the processing of animal products. Monograph / Volga Research Institute of Production and Processing of Meat and Dairy Products; Volgograd State Technical University; Volgograd: SPHERE LLC. Volgograd, 2020. 152 p.

14. The effectiveness of the use of non-traditional feed in the feeding of poultry / S.I. Nikolaev, A.K. Karapetyan, M.V. Struk, I.G. Pleshakova, Kh.B. Baimishev // Proceedings of the Nizhnevolzhsky agro-university complex: science and higher professional education. 2018. No. 4 (52). pp.272-279.

15. Slozhenkina M I et al The effectiveness of the Madufor® feed additive in hyperthermia conditions for broiler chickens2020 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. sci. 548 082045.

Claims (1)

A method for increasing the productivity of broiler chickens, characterized in that the main diet of broiler chickens includes a lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1 at a dose of 0.4 g/kg of live weight in the age period from 1 to 38 days or a lactulose-containing additive Laktuvet-1 at a dose of 0 .4 g/kg of live weight and chlorella suspension at a dose of 5 ml/kg of feed.