RU2763712C1 - Device for lifting and lowering the furnace door - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: non-ferrous metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for lifting and lowering the furnace door, in particular, in heating, bath and bath furnaces of a reflective type designed for melting non-ferrous metals and alloys. The device consists of a device for bringing the door to the furnace window, a mechanism for pressing the door to the furnace window and a device for cooling the door with air during the operation of the furnace. The device for bringing the door to the furnace window consists of an electric drive, two counterweights, four welded steel brackets with four rolling bearings located in them, mounted on two shafts with rollers welded to them, while a gear wheel, two cables, two safety chains, a door and a window sill with three cast-iron stops mounted on one drive shaft. The mechanism of pressing the door to the furnace window consists of four rollers, the shafts of which are welded to the shutter frame, four brackets welded to the horizontal channels of the furnace, four guides welded to the brackets, and two devices for fixing the door in the furnace window, made on both sides of the door, while each locking device includes a hardened steel guide U-shaped plate, along which a hardened steel latch slides, made in the form of a wedge with a welded handle and held by two steel brackets, steel stop, as well as bracket, welded to the horizontal channel of the furnace, and the bracket is made with a rectangular hole into which the latch enters and presses the door to the furnace window. A device for cooling it with air during the operation of the furnace is mounted in the door, which is made in the form of a coil welded from channel No. 10, the shelves of which are welded along the perimeter to the steel back wall of the flap frame.

EFFECT: simplicity and high operational reliability of the device is provided.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The device for raising and lowering the furnace damper belongs to the field of heating furnace equipment, in particular, to devices that provide effective sealing when the furnace damper is closed, and can be used in bath and bath furnaces of a reverberatory type designed for melting non-ferrous metals and alloys.

An analogue is known - "Device for lifting the damper of the heating furnace" (Source of information A.S. No. 1252638), containing a damper as in the claimed device, which moves up and down, closing and opening the furnace window. The damper in the lower position, as in the filed application for the alleged invention, rests on the sill of the furnace window. The disadvantages are that:

- the device has a damper that does not fit snugly against the frame of the furnace window, and this leads to large heat losses;

- the use of a system of two-arm levers with counterweights makes the design large in size;

An analogue is known - “A device for raising and lowering the furnace damper (Source of information A.S. No. 1145229), containing a damper as in the claimed device, which moves up and down with the help of a drive, closing and opening the furnace window, cargo chains supporting the damper. The damper in the lower position, as in the filed application for the present invention, rests on the sill (threshold) of the furnace window. The disadvantages are that:

- the device has a damper that does not fit snugly against the frame of the furnace window, and this leads to large heat losses;

- over time, the springs contained in the device are “released” due to the hot gases escaping from the furnace, that is, they lose their spring properties. Thus, the device has low operational reliability.

Of the known closest in technical essence (prototype) is the "Device for raising and lowering the furnace damper" (RF patent No. 2229075), containing a drive with a flexible connection, emphasis. The common thing in the devices is that the damper moves up and down, opening and closing the furnace window. In the lower position, the shutter rests on a stop, and in the proposed version, it rests on stops lined in the window sill. In the prototype, sealing is created by an elastic refractory material, which is laid around the perimeter of the damper, and in the proposed version, a damper design is used that ensures tight contact of the damper with the furnace opening and sealing the closed opening.

The disadvantages of the prototype are that:

- the design is complex;

- the furnace seal does not close the metal structure of the damper and the metal frame of the furnace window from the action of hot gases, therefore the gases in the furnace contact and heat the metal frame of the furnace window and the metal frame of the damper, causing warping and, as a result, leaks between them;

- due to the resulting leaks, significant heat losses will occur;

- there is no thermal insulation layer in the damper, so the losses will be greater than if it were;

- low operational reliability due to the large number of springs, seals, damper flaps;

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design, increase the tightness of the closed window, increase operational reliability, and reduce the heat loss of the furnace.

EFFECT: increased operational reliability, sealing of the furnace, reduction of heat losses, simplification of the device design.

This is achieved by the fact that in the "Device for raising and lowering the furnace damper", containing a drive, a damper, a flexible connection, a limiting lower stop, according to the invention, a device for supplying a damper to the furnace window is introduced, consisting of an electric drive, two counterweights, four welded steel brackets with four rolling bearings located in them, mounted on two shafts with rollers welded to them, and a fixed gear is mounted on one drive shaft, two cables, two safety chains, a damper and a window sill with three cast-iron stops lined in it. The electric drive allows you to raise and lower the furnace damper and consists of a three-phase electric motor AIS 90L8 with a voltage of 380 V, a power of 0.55 kW with 750 rpm with a reversing device, a clutch, a two-stage gearbox Ts2U-400N-40-12-U3 with a gear ratio of 40, on the shaft of which a gear wheel is mounted, which engages with a gear wheel mounted motionless on the drive shaft, while the proposed electric drive allows you to smoothly raise and lower the damper, ensures the simplicity of the whole structure, high operational reliability and good tightness, moreover, the drive can be controlled a working melter of metal and alloys, a working pourer of metal from the control panel located near the furnace, as well as a driver of the loader from a portable remote control.

It is important to note that four steel welded brackets are welded to the upper longitudinal channels of the furnace, two counterweights are made of steel pipes with a diameter of 300 mm and a length of 350 mm and are filled with lead, which makes it possible to use a low-power drive for raising and lowering the furnace damper, and the use of two safety chains eliminates damper fall and injury to personnel.

It should be noted that the damper is made in the form of a welded steel frame, welded from channel No. 16 and lined inside with refractory fireclay lightweight one-and-a-half bricks ShL-0.4, protruding 60 mm beyond the front plane of the frame. The implementation of the protruding part of the lining in the damper, which enters the opening of the furnace window and provides tight contact when the window is closed, protects the metal welded frame of the damper from the direct action of hot furnace gases, while forming, as it were, an L-shaped "lock" that creates sealing, excluding the breakthrough of the furnace gases to the outside and reducing heat loss, the frame does not warp, does not “lead”, no cracks and leaks are formed, therefore the damper has a longer service life.

At the same time, the damper has a triple heat-insulating layer made of MKRK-400 mullite-silica cardboard, a back wall welded to the steel frame, two handles, has reinforcement in the center, in the form of five vertical bars made of heat-resistant cast iron grade ChKh32, as well as five channels welded vertically to the rear wall No. 10 and three welded horizontally, which exclude the warping of the damper during the operation of the furnace, and the damper in the lower position rests on the window sill with three cast-iron stops lined in it from heat-resistant cast iron grade ChKh32. Such a constructive solution significantly reduces heat loss, cast-iron fittings and channels prevent "buckling", and later falling out of bricks located in the damper during its long-term operation. Due to the use of the L-shaped "lock", as well as the use of fittings and three stops in the window sill, the operational reliability of the device increases.

At the same time, a device for cooling it with air during the operation of the furnace is introduced into the design of the damper, which is made in the form of a coil welded from channel No. , but also as an element of damper reinforcement, as well as heating the cooling air for its use in technological purposes. The rear wall of the damper and the frame do not heat up much during the operation of the furnace, the damper does not “lead”, does not “warp”, the absence of warpage and a leash leads to reliable sealing and a decrease in heat loss from the furnace, and heated air is used to dry wood in model areas of foundries , drying laundered working clothes of casters and other purposes.

Finally, a mechanism for pressing the damper against the furnace window is introduced into the device for raising and lowering the damper, consisting of: four rollers, the shafts of which are welded to the damper frame, four brackets welded to the horizontal channels of the furnace, four guides welded to the brackets and two devices for fixing the damper in the furnace window, made on both sides of the damper, while each device for fixing the damper in the furnace window includes a steel hardened U-shaped guide plate, along which a hardened steel latch slides, made in the form of a wedge with a welded handle and held by two steel brackets having the same slope as that of the latch, while the device for fixing the damper in the furnace window includes a steel stop welded to the rear wall of the damper, as well as a bracket welded to the horizontal channel of the furnace, and the bracket is made with a rectangular hole into which the latch enters.

The implementation of the above elements allows the damper to be smoothly raised and lowered, ensures the simplicity of the entire structure, high operational reliability and good tightness.

In addition, the proposed design of the "Device for raising and lowering the furnace damper" does not contain any springs, no ball joints, no flaps, no seals between the flaps, the absence of these elements in the device ensures simplicity of design and high operational reliability. The introduction of the above into the design of the device for raising and lowering the furnace damper makes it possible to successfully solve the problem.

In Fig.1. Plan view of a device for raising and lowering the oven damper.

In Fig.2. View A of the device for raising and lowering the oven damper.

In Fig.3. Section B-B of the mechanism for pressing the damper to the furnace window.

In Fig.4. View In a furnace with a device for raising and lowering the damper.

The proposed device for raising and lowering the furnace damper consists of a device for supplying the damper to the furnace window, a mechanism for pressing the damper against the furnace window, and a device for cooling the damper with air during the operation of the furnace. In the proposed invention, a device for supplying a damper to the furnace window is introduced, consisting of an electric drive, two counterweights 1, four welded steel brackets 2 with four rolling bearings 3 located in them, mounted on two shafts 4 with rollers 5 welded to them, and on one drive shaft 4, a fixedly geared gear 6, two cables 7, two safety chains 8, a damper 9 and a window sill 10 with three cast-iron stops 11 of Fig.1, 2 lined in it are mounted.

The electric drive allows you to raise and lower the damper 9 of the furnace and consists of a three-phase electric motor AIS 90L8 pos. POS.14 with a gear ratio of 40, on the shaft of which is mounted a gear wheel 15, which engages with a gear wheel 6 mounted motionless on the drive shaft 4 of Fig.1,4. In order not to clutter up the sketch, figure 1 does not show the details of the mechanism for pressing the damper to the furnace window. In addition, in Fig.1,2,4 the elements of the reflective type bath furnace, taken as an example, are shown in thin lines, and the devices for raising and lowering the furnace shutter are thick. Deciphering the brand (type) of the gearbox:

Ts2U - C-cylindrical; 2-two-stage; U-narrow;

400 - center distance of the low-speed stage;

H - gears with Novikov gearing;

40 - nominal gear ratio;

12 - assembly option;

U3 - climatic version.

In addition, the device for supplying the damper to the furnace window includes: four welded brackets 2 welded to the upper horizontal channels 16 of the furnace. At the ends of two shafts 4, four rollers 5 with a diameter of 280 mm are welded. Toothed gear 6 has a diameter of 380 mm. Two counterweights 1 are made of steel pipes with a diameter of 260 mm and a length of 360 mm, filled with lead, which allows the use of a low-power drive for raising and lowering the furnace damper Fig.1,4. The proposed electric drive has a high operational reliability. The damper 9 is made in the form of a welded steel frame 17, welded from channel No. 16 and lined inside with refractory fireclay lightweight one and a half bricks ShL-0.4 pos.18, protruding beyond the front plane of the frame 17 by 60 mm Fig.3. The execution in the damper 9 of the protruding part of the lining, which enters the opening of the window 19 of the furnace 20 and provides tight contact when the window 19 is closed, protects the metal welded frame 17 of the damper 9 from the direct action of hot furnace gases, while forming, as it were, an L-shaped "lock", creating sealing, excluding the breakthrough of furnace gases to the outside and reducing heat loss, the frame 17 does not warp, does not “lead”, no cracks and leaks are formed, therefore the damper 9 has a longer service life.

At the same time, the damper 9 has a triple heat-insulating layer 21 made of MKRK-400 mullite-silica cardboard, a rear wall 22 welded to the steel frame 17, two handles 23, it has reinforcement in the center, in the form of five vertical bars 24 made of heat-resistant cast iron grade ChKh32, as well as five welded vertically to the rear wall 22 of the channel No. 10 pos. . In turn, the window sill 10 of the furnace 20 rests on two channels 26 and three struts 27. Two safety chains 8 of Fig.4 are welded to the steel frame 17 on both sides. The use of two safety chains 8 eliminates the fall of the damper 9 and injury to personnel in the event of a sudden break in the cable 7. The electric drive is placed on a steel plate 28 welded to the upper horizontal channels 16. Such a design solution for the damper supply device to the furnace window significantly reduces heat loss, cast iron fittings and The channels prevent "buckling" and, subsequently, the loss of bricks located in the shutter 9 during its long-term operation. Due to the use of the L-shaped "lock", as well as the use of fittings and three stops 11 increases the operational reliability of the device. The protruding part of the lining behind the frame 17 of the damper 9 of the furnace 20 by 60 mm is denoted by pos.29.

A mechanism for pressing the shutter to the window 19 of the furnace 20 is introduced into the device for raising and lowering the damper, consisting of four rollers 30, the shafts of which are welded to the steel frame 17 of the damper 9, four brackets 31 welded to the horizontal channels 32 of the furnace 20, four guides 33, welded to four brackets 31 and two devices for fixing the damper in the window 19 of the furnace 20, made on both sides of the damper 9 Fig.2,3. Each device for fixing the damper in the window 19 of the furnace 20 includes a steel hardened guide U-shaped plate 34, along which a hardened steel latch 35 slides, made in the form of a wedge with a welded handle 36 and held by two steel brackets 37, having the same slope as latch 35. Two brackets 37 welded to the rear wall 22 of the damper 9. In addition, the device for fixing the damper in the window 19 of the oven 20 includes a steel stop 38 welded to the rear wall 22 of the damper 9, as well as a bracket 39 welded to the horizontal channel 32 furnace 20, and the bracket 39 is made with a rectangular hole, which includes the latch 35.

At the same time, a device was introduced into the design of the damper for cooling it with air during the operation of the furnace, which is made in the form of a coil 40 welded from channel No. for cooling the damper 9, but also as an element of the reinforcement of the damper 9, as well as heating the cooling air to use it for technological purposes. The cooling air is supplied through the elastic inlet pipe 41, then through the connector 42 and the inlet pipe 43 enters the coil 40, passing the coil 40, the heated air through the outlet pipe 44, the connector 45 and the elastic outlet pipe 46 exits the coil 40. The rear wall 22 of the damper 9 and frame 17 do not get very hot during the operation of the furnace 20, the damper 9 does not “lead”, does not “warp”, the absence of warping and the leash leads to reliable sealing and a decrease in heat loss from the furnace, and heated air is used to dry wood in the model areas of foundries , drying laundered working clothes of casters and other purposes.

The device for raising and lowering the oven damper works as follows.

When the electric motor 1 of the drive is turned on to move the damper down, the rotation through the clutch 13 is transmitted to the two-stage gearbox 14, on the shaft of which the gear wheel 15 rotates, which engages with the gear 6 fixed on the shaft 4, while the shaft 4 also rotates through the cables 7, the damper 9 is lowered to three stops 11 lined in the window sill 10. Having reached the stops 11, the damper 9 stops moving vertically. In this case, four rollers 30, the shafts of which are welded to the steel frame 17 of the damper, rest on four brackets 31, in addition, the rollers 30 are in four guides 33. The protruding parts of the lining made in the damper 9 are opposite the window 19 of the furnace 20. Next, two melters, holding by the handles 23 of the shutter 9 they roll it along the brackets 31 in the guides 33 into the opening of the window 19 of the furnace 20 until the frame 17 stops in the lining of the furnace 20 and each melter, holding the handle 36 of the latch 35, moves it along the guide 34 (the position of one of the latch is shown by dotted lines on figure 3, while the end of the latch 35 enters the rectangular hole of the bracket 39 and is pressed and fixed shutter 9 in the window 19 of the oven 20).

After the completion of, say, the melting process, each melter, grasping the handle 36, moves the latch 35 to the stop 38, while the end of the latch 35 comes out of the rectangular hole of the bracket 39, then two melters take hold of the handles 23 of the damper and simultaneously pull the handles 23 towards themselves. In this case, the rollers 30 roll along the brackets 31 in the guides 33 and the damper occupies its original position (until the damper 9 is pressed against the window 19 of the furnace 20). Next, the electric motor 1 of the electric drive is turned on to move the damper 9 upwards and the damper rises to the upper initial position. Then the process is repeated. In conclusion, I give the designation of the elements and devices of the furnace, taken as an example. Slag door-47, slag window sill 48, bowl with welded chute-49, injection burners-50.

The proposed device for lifting and lowering the furnace damper allows the damper to be smoothly raised and lowered, ensures the simplicity of the whole structure, high operational reliability and good tightness.

Claims (3)

1. A device for raising and lowering the furnace damper, containing a drive, a flexible connection, limit stops, characterized in that it is equipped with a device for supplying the damper to the furnace window, consisting of an electric drive, two counterweights, four welded steel brackets with four bearings in them rolling, mounted on two shafts with rollers welded to them, while a fixed gear is mounted on one drive shaft, two cables, two safety chains and a window sill with three cast-iron stops lined in it, a mechanism for pressing the damper to the furnace window, consisting of four rollers , the shafts of which are welded to the damper frame, four brackets welded to the horizontal channels of the furnace, four guides welded to the brackets, and two devices for fixing the damper in the furnace window, made on both sides of the damper, while each device for fixing the damper in the furnace window contains a steel hardened guide U-shaped plate, on which chipped It has a hardened steel latch, made in the form of a wedge with a welded handle and held by two steel brackets having the same slope as the latch, while the device for fixing the damper in the furnace window contains a steel stop welded to the rear wall of the damper, and a bracket welded to horizontal channel of the furnace and made with a rectangular hole, into which a latch enters and presses the damper to the furnace window, while the damper of the furnace is made of channel N 16 in the form of a welded steel frame, lined inside with refractory fireclay lightweight one-and-a-half bricks ShL-0.4, protruding beyond the front plane of the frame by 60 mm to form an L-shaped lock that creates a seal when the furnace window is closed, has a triple heat-insulating layer of MKRK-400 mullite-silica cardboard, a rear wall welded to the steel frame, two handles, has reinforcement in the center in the form of five vertical bars from heat-resistant cast iron grade ChKh32, five welded vertically to the rear enke channel N10 and three horizontally welded to prevent warping of the damper during the operation of the furnace, and the damper in the lower position rests on the window sill with three cast-iron stops lined in it from heat-resistant cast iron grade ChKh32, and a device is mounted in the damper for cooling it with air during the operation of the furnace made in the form of a coil, welded from N10 channel, the shelves of which are welded around the perimeter to the steel rear wall of the damper frame to provide reinforcement of the damper. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric drive consists of a three-phase electric motor 0.55 kW with a reversing device, a clutch, a two-stage spur gearbox with a gear ratio of 40, on the shaft of which a gear wheel is fixed, which engages with the gear with a diameter of 380 mm, mounted motionless on the drive shaft. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that four welded brackets are welded to the upper longitudinal channels of the furnace with four rolling bearings fixed in them and mounted on two shafts with rollers welded to them with a diameter of 280 mm, have cables, two counterweights made of steel pipes with a diameter of 260 mm and a length of 360 mm and filled with lead.

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