RU2509278C1 - Device to lift and lower furnace damper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a device for feeding of a damper to a furnace window and a mechanism for pressing of the damper to the furnace window. The device for feeding the damper to the furnace window includes an electric drive, two counterbalances, four welded brackets with four rotary rollers in them, having sliding bearings and placed onto two axes, two ropes, two safety chains, the damper and a windowsill with two stops lined in it. The mechanism for pressing of the damper to the furnace window comprises four rolls, shafts of which are welded to the damper frame, four brackets, welded to the horizontal channel bars of the furnace, four guides welded to the brackets, two clamps, having handles and moving horizontally with the capability of gripping the damper and pressing it to the furnace window.

EFFECT: simplicity and high operational reliability of a device.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

A device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter relates to the field of equipment for heating furnaces, in particular to devices that provide effective sealing when closing the furnace shutter, and can be used in reflective-type bathrooms and bathtubs intended for melting non-ferrous metals and alloys.

A known analogue is “A device for lifting the damper of a heating furnace” (Information source, AS No. 1252638), containing a damper as in the claimed device, which moves up and down, closing and opening the furnace window. The flap in the lower position, as in the filed application for the invention, relies on the window sill of the furnace window. The disadvantages are that:

- the device has a damper that does not fit snugly to the window frame of the furnace, and this leads to large heat losses;

- the use of a two-arm leverage system with counterweights makes the design large in size.

A well-known analogue is “A device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter (Information source, AS No. 1145229), containing the shutter as in the claimed device, which moves up and down by means of a drive, closing and opening the furnace window supporting the load chains of the shutter. The flap in the lower position, as in the filed application for the invention, relies on the window sill (threshold) of the furnace window. The disadvantages are that:

- the device has a damper that does not fit snugly to the window frame of the furnace, and this leads to large heat losses;

- over time, the springs that are contained in the device, due to escaping hot gases from the furnace, are "released", that is, they lose spring properties. Thus, the device has low operational reliability.

Of the known closest in technical essence (prototype) is the "Device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter" (RF patent No. 2229075), containing a drive with flexible coupling, emphasis. Common in devices is that the flap moves up and down, opening and closing the furnace window. In the lower position, the damper rests on the stop, and in the proposed embodiment, relies on the stops lined in the window sill. In the prototype, the sealing is created by an elastic refractory material, which is laid around the perimeter of the damper, and in the proposed embodiment, the damper’s construction is used, which ensures tight contact of the damper with the furnace opening and the sealing of the closed opening.

The disadvantages of the prototype are that:

- the design is complex;

- the furnace seal does not close the metal structure of the valve and the metal frame of the furnace window from the action of hot gases, therefore, the gases in the furnace contact and heat the metal frame of the furnace window and the metal frame of the valve, causing warpage and, as a consequence, leaks between them;

- due to the resulting leaks there will be significant heat loss;

- there is no heat-insulating layer in the damper, so the losses will be greater than if it were;

- low operational reliability due to the large number of springs, seals, shutter flaps;

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design, increase the tightness of the window to be closed, increase operational reliability, reduce heat loss of the furnace.

The technical result is an increase in operational reliability, sealing the furnace, reducing heat loss, simplifying the design of the device.

This is achieved by the fact that in the "Device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter", containing a drive, a shutter, a flexible connection, a limiting lower stop, according to the invention, a device for supplying a shutter to the furnace window consisting of: an electric drive, two counterweights, four welded brackets with four rotating rollers fixed in them, two cables, two safety chains, a shutter and a window sill with two stops lined in it. The electric drive allows you to raise and lower the furnace flap and consists of: a 0.4 kW reversible electric motor, V-belt drive and a single-stage worm gear with a gear ratio of 60, on the shaft of which a drum is mounted for winding and winding the cable from it.

In addition, the device for supplying the shutter to the furnace window includes: four welded brackets welded to the upper longitudinal channels of the furnace with four rotating rollers with a diameter of 400 mm fixed to them, having sliding bearings and mounted on two axes, cables, two counterweights made of steel pipes with a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 350 mm, filled with lead, which allows the use of a low-power drive for raising and lowering the furnace shutter. The use of two safety chains eliminates the fall of the damper and personal injury. The proposed electric drive has high operational reliability.

It should be noted that the shutter is made in the form of a welded steel frame, lined inside with refractory chamotte lightweight one and a half brick, protruding beyond the front plane of the frame by 70 mm. The execution of the lining of the protruding part of the lining, which enters the opening of the furnace window and provides tight contact when the window is closed, protects the metal frame of the valve from the direct action of hot furnace gases. The frame does not warp, does not "lead", cracks and leaks are not formed. A L-shaped “lock” is formed, creating a seal, eliminating the breakthrough of furnace gases to the outside and reducing heat loss.

At the same time, the damper has a triple insulating layer of asbestos board, a back wall welded to the steel frame, two handles, has reinforcement in the center, in the form of three vertical rods made of titanium alloy, as well as two channels welded to the back wall, which exclude warping during operation ovens. The damper in the lower position rests on the window sill with two stops lined in it. Such a constructive solution significantly reduces heat loss, the back wall of the shutter and the frame do not heat up much, the fittings and channels prevent “bulging”, and later the bricks falling in the central part of the shutter during its long-term operation. Through the use of the L-shaped "lock", as well as the use of fittings and two stops increases the operational reliability of the device.

Finally, a mechanism for clamping the shutter to the furnace window is introduced into the device for raising and lowering the shutter, consisting of: four rollers, the shafts of which are welded to the shutter frame, four brackets welded to the horizontal channels of the kiln, four guides welded to the brackets, and two clamps having handles and moving horizontally with the possibility of gripping the shutter and pressing it to the furnace window. The clamp includes two bolts located in the grooves of the clamps and welded to the horizontal channels of the furnace, as well as two stops that support the clamp in a horizontal position.

The implementation of the above elements allows you to smoothly rise and fall shutter, provides simplicity of the entire structure, high operational reliability and good tightness.

In addition, the proposed design “Device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter” does not contain a single spring, or ball joints, or wings, or seals between the leaves.

The absence of these elements in the device provides simplicity of design and high operational reliability.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a device for raising and lowering a furnace shutter.

Figure 2 is a view A of the device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter.

Figure 3 is a section bB.

Figure 4 - view B.

The proposed device for raising and lowering the furnace damper consists of a device for supplying the damper to the furnace window and a mechanism for pressing the damper to the furnace frame. In the present invention, a device for supplying a shutter to the furnace window is introduced, consisting of an electric drive, two counterweights, four welded brackets with four rotating rollers fixed in them, two cables, two safety chains, a shutter and a window sill with two stops lined in it.

The electric drive allows you to raise and lower the damper of the furnace and consists of: a reversible electric motor 1, a V-belt drive 2, a worm gear 3, on the shaft of which a drum 4 is attached (Fig. 1). In order not to clutter up the sketch, figure 1 does not show details of the clamp mechanism. In addition, in FIGS. 1, 4, the elements of the reflective-type bath furnace, taken as an example, are shown by thin lines, and the devices for raising and lowering the furnace shutter are thick. The electric drive uses a reversible electric motor with a power of 0.4 kW and a worm single-stage gearbox having a gear ratio of 60. In addition, the device for feeding the damper to the furnace window includes: four welded brackets 5, welded to the upper horizontal channels 6 of the furnace with fixed of them four rotating rollers 7 with a diameter of 400 mm, having sliding bearings and mounted on two axles 8, cables 9, two counterweights 10 made of steel pipes with a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 350 mm, filled with lead ohm, which allows the use of a low-power drive for raising and lowering the furnace shutter (Fig.1, 4). The proposed electric drive has high operational reliability.

The damper is made in the form of a welded steel frame 11, made of channel No. 14, lined inside with refractory fireclay lightweight one and a half brick 12 of the ШЛ 0.9 grade, protruding beyond the front plane of the steel frame 11 by 70 mm. The execution in the flap of the protruding part of the lining, going into the window 13 of the furnace 14 and providing tight contact when closing the window 13, protects the steel frame 11 of the flap from the direct action of the hot furnace gases (figure 3). At the same time, the frame does not warp, does not “lead”, cracks and leaks are not formed. A L-shaped “lock” is formed, creating a seal, eliminating breakthrough of furnace gases outside and reducing heat loss from the furnace 14. Two safety chains 15 are welded to the steel frame 11 on both sides 15. The use of two safety chains 15 prevents the damper from falling and injuring maintenance personnel with a sudden break in the cable 9.

At the same time, the shutter has a triple insulating layer of asbestos board 16 with a thickness of 4 mm, a back wall 17 welded to the steel frame 11, two handles 18 and has in the center a reinforcement 19 in the form of three vertical rods of titanium alloy, as well as two welded to the back wall 17 of the channel 20, which exclude warping of the flap during operation of the furnace 14. This design solution significantly reduces heat loss, the back wall 17 of the flap and the steel frame 11 do not heat up much, the fittings 19 and two channels 20 prevent “buckling”, and in the far it and fall out of bricks located in the central part of the damper when the duration of its operation. The damper in the lower position rests on the window sill 21 with two stops lined in it 22. In turn, the window sill 21 of the furnace 14 is supported by two channels 23 and three jibs 24. The two stops 22 are made of heat-resistant cast iron of the brand ЧХ 28. By using the L-shaped "Lock", as well as the use of valves 19 and two stops 22 increases the operational reliability of the device. Finally, a mechanism for clamping the shutter to the window 13 of the furnace 14 is introduced into the device for raising and lowering the shutter, consisting of four rollers 25, whose shafts are welded to the steel frame 11 of the shutter, four brackets 26, welded to the horizontal channels 27 of the kiln 14, four guides 28, welded to four brackets 26, as well as two clamps 29, having handles 30 and moving horizontally with the possibility of gripping the shutter and pressing it to the window 13 of the furnace 14 (figure 2). The clamp includes two bolts 31 located in the grooves of the clamps 29 and welded to the horizontal channels 32 of the furnace 14, as well as two stops 33 that support the clamp 29 in a horizontal position. Two stops 33 are made of a steel bar with a diameter of 14 mm and are welded to the horizontal channels 32 of the furnace 14.

The device operates as follows.

When you turn on the electric motor 1 of the drive to move the shutter down, the rotation through the V-belt drive 2 is transmitted to the worm gear 3, on the shaft of which the drum 4 rotates, the cable 9 is unwound from the last and through the balances 10, the rotating rollers 7 the shutter moves down to two stops 22, lined in the windowsill 21. Having reached the stops 22, the shutter stops moving vertically. In this case, four rollers 25, whose shafts are welded to the steel frame 11 of the flap, are supported by four brackets 26, in addition, the rollers 25 are located in four guides 28. The protruding parts of the lining made in the flap are opposite the window 13 of the furnace 14. Next, two melters holding the handles 30 of the clamps 29, move them horizontally to the center of the shutter until it stops (the position of one of the clamps is shown by dashed lines in Fig. 3, and of the two stops in Fig. 2). After that, the smelters simultaneously pull the handles 30 of the clips 29 towards themselves, i.e. a lever is formed relative to the center (bolts 31), while the rollers 25 roll along the brackets 26 in the guides 28 against the stop of the steel frame 11 into the masonry of the window 13, that is, the damper protruding part of the lining enters the window 13 of the furnace 14, tight contact is made when closing the window 13 .After completion, for example, of the melting process, two smelters take on the handles 18 of the flapper and at the same time pull the handles 18 towards themselves. In this case, the rollers 25 roll along the brackets 26 in the guides 28 and the damper takes its initial position (until the damper is pressed against the window 13 of the furnace 14). Next, the electric motor 1 of the actuator is turned on to move the shutter up and the shutter rises to its upper initial position. Then the process is repeated.

The proposed device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter allows you to smoothly raise and lower the shutter, provides simplicity of the entire structure, high operational reliability and good tightness.

Claims (5)

1. A device for raising and lowering the furnace shutter, comprising a drive, a shutter, a flexible connection, restrictive stops, characterized in that it is equipped with a shutter feed device to the furnace window, consisting of an electric drive, two counterweights, four welded brackets with four fixed to them rotating rollers, two cables, two safety chains, a damper and a window sill with two stops lined in it and a mechanism for pressing the damper to the furnace window, consisting of four rollers, whose shafts are welded to the damper frame, h Four brackets welded to the horizontal channels of the furnace, four guides welded to the brackets, and two clamps having handles and moving horizontally with the possibility of gripping the shutter and pressing it to the furnace window. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric drive consists of a reversible electric motor with a power of 0.4 kW, V-belt transmission and a single-stage worm gear with a gear ratio of 60, on the shaft of which a drum is mounted for winding and winding a cable from it. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that for using a low-power drive to raise and lower the furnace flap, four welded brackets are welded to the upper longitudinal channels of the furnace with four rotating rollers with a diameter of 400 mm fixed to them, having sliding bearings and mounted on two axes, have cables, two counterweights made of steel pipes with a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 350 mm, filled with lead. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter is made in the form of a welded steel frame, lined inside with refractory fireclay lightweight one and a half brick, protruding beyond the front plane of the frame by 70 mm, to form a L-shaped lock when closing the furnace window, while the damper has a triple insulating layer of asbestos board, a back wall welded to the steel frame, two handles, reinforcement in the center in the form of three vertical titanium alloy rods and two channels welded to the rear wall to prevent warping in percent Essays of the furnace. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamp contains two bolts located in the grooves of the clamps and welded to the horizontal channels of the furnace, and two stops supporting the clamp in a horizontal position.

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