RU2758500C1 - Electric heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical energy converting.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for converting electrical energy into thermal energy and can be used in any branch of the national economy for efficient heating of a liquid or gas. In a device that includes heat removal from the surface of a short-circuited turn of a transformer in the form of a closed pipe, a closed pipe is divided into n-th number of sections, the ends and beginnings of successively located pipe sections are galvanically interconnected by radially located conductors, each section of the pipe is equipped with a transformer on a closed magnetic circuit, through the window of which the section pipe is passed, and the primary windings of the transformers are included.

EFFECT: invention improves the efficiency of devices using the secondary winding of the transformer in the form of a short-circuited loop as heaters.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed invention relates to devices for converting electrical energy into thermal energy and can be used in any branch of the national economy for efficient heating of a liquid or gas.

Known electric heating device (see US patent No. 3440384, CL H05B 5/08), containing a transformer on a closed magnetic circuit, placed inside an annular chamber, which is a short-circuited coil of the transformer.

For a prototype of an electric heating device, a device for converting electrical energy into thermal energy was adopted according to RF patent No. 2121246, class. Н05В 6/10, 1998, using the secondary winding of the transformer as a heating element, made in the form of a closed loop, through which convection of the heat carrier is provided.

The disadvantage of the known devices for converting electrical energy into thermal energy consists in low operating efficiency due to insufficiently high voltage and current in a single-turn heater from a short-circuited loop and, as a consequence, in a low temperature of its surface and heat power removed from it.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of devices using the secondary winding of the transformer in the form of a short-circuited loop as heaters.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the known device for converting electrical energy into thermal energy, which includes heat removal from the surface of a short-circuited turn of a transformer in the form of a closed pipe, the closed pipe is divided into n-th number of sections, the ends and beginnings of successively located pipe sections are galvanically interconnected radially located conductors, each section of the pipe is equipped with a transformer on a closed magnetic circuit, through the window of which the pipe of the section is passed, and the primary windings of the transformers are included according to.

As a result of solving the problem, a technical result was obtained, which consists in increasing the efficiency of the heater, since the temperature of the pipe wall increases at least twice without increasing heat or electrical losses. In the proposed device, heating from the total EMF at the ends of the pipe from all sections (as in the prototype) is added to the heating from the EMF induced at each section of the pipe from its transformer and neighboring transformers, while the currents in the radially located conductors are equal to zero, since along them equal currents of neighboring sections flow in opposite directions, there are no additional energy losses from the presence of the proposed distinctive features.

The attached drawing (Fig. 1) shows an example of the implementation of the invention.

The electric heating device shown in the drawing contains four transformers on closed magnetic circuits 1, through the inner windows of which sections 2, 3, 4, 5 of a short-circuited loop pass, on which EMF is induced, and the primary windings 6 of all transformers are connected according to or synchronously.

In the prototype, the magnetic circuit consisted of four magnetic circuits stacked together, the primary winding, connected to 220 V, had
W turns. According to the author's proposal, W turns are wound on each of the magnetic cores, and when the windings are concordantly turned on at a supply voltage of 220 V, each winding now has 55 V.

Jumpers 7 connect the ends and the beginning of the sequentially located 2, 3, 4, 5 sections of the short-circuited loop. In the drawing, the signs "+" and "̶" conventionally show the EMF signs at some point in time on the parts of the short-circuited loop that pass through the inner windows of the magnetic circuits and consist of sections 2, 3, 4, 5, on which they are induced (we will conventionally call them small) EMF from each magnetic flux, closed along the magnetic circuits 1.

In the drawing, in sections A-B, B-C, C-D, D-E, EMF is induced from each transformer, and on section A-E, the total EMF from all transformers is formed. The EMF in the section A-E would also be in the absence of jumpers 7, provided that all the primary windings 6 are turned on according to, while the EMF in sections A-B, B-C, C-D, D-E would also be present, but they would not have created additional currents - there are no jumpers 7. In the drawing, broken lines show short-circuited currents from small EMF, and solid lines with arrows short-circuit current from the total EMF.

The device works as follows.

When the windings 6 are concordantly connected to the power source, primary currents begin to flow through the windings 6, which create magnetic fluxes in the magnetic circuits 1, forming small EMF in sections A-B, B-C, C-D, D-E, under the influence of which in the circuits , indicated by broken lines, short-circuited currents occur. We see that in jumpers 7, these currents from neighboring sections have an opposite direction and the total current is zero. In the inner and outer cylinders and in the end bridges of the chamber, these currents have the same direction with the short-circuited current from the total EMF, which increases their heating by more than two times. If on sections A-B, B-C, C-D, D-E, the induced small EMF is denoted by "e", then on section A-C, the EMF will be equal to "2e", on section A-D "3e", in the section A-E "4e" and all of them in their circuits create their own short-circuited currents, this is where the heating increase is more than doubled.

Depending on the power required from the electric heating device, the number of transformers can be any, and the windings 6 can be designed for any voltage and connected in series or in parallel, but necessarily according to.

The proposed electric heating device is preferably used for heating a liquid in a stream.

Claims (1)

An electric heating device containing a transformer on a closed magnetic circuit, through the inner window of which a closed pipe of a short-circuited turn of a transformer is passed, characterized in that the closed pipe is divided into n-th number of sections, the ends and beginnings of successively located pipe sections are galvanically connected by radially arranged conductors and each section is equipped with a transformer on a closed magnetic circuit, through the window of which the section pipe is passed and the primary windings of the transformers are included according to.

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