RU2757609C1 - Device for operational and emergency ventilation of long blind mining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining and can be used when ventilating extended dead-end workings to create standard air parameters and ensure the safe evacuation of miners in the event of an emergency situation in the working face. The device includes a flexible pipeline, sections of which are connected to a rigid branch pipe, which is connected to the fan. A rigid pipe is installed between the upper surface of the metal frame and the strips fixed along its perimeter, the metal frame is fixed on a movable base, which is equipped with wheels. A fan is installed on top of the horizontal platform on vibration supports, a hole is made in the horizontal platform, which is located above the rigid pipe and is connected to it with a ventilation duct. A ventilation flap is installed at one end of the rigid branch pipe from the face side, and a gate is mounted in the ventilation channel, the joints of the rigid branch pipe with sections of the flexible pipeline are made in the form of a truncated cone, along the perimeter of the base, which is equal to the diameter of the rigid branch pipe, a recess is made, in which the clamping collar is fixed with the possibility of removal, at the beginning of the flexible ventilation pipeline at the mouth of the dead-end excavation, a wellhead fan with a ventilation flap is installed, in front of which a flexible ventilation branch is connected to the flexible pipeline, in which the gate is mounted.

EFFECT: creation of a device that makes it possible to ensure operational and emergency ventilation modes that guarantee the safety of miners during the period of excavation and in the event of an emergency.

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Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used when ventilating extended dead-end workings to create standard air parameters and ensure the safe evacuation of miners in the event of an emergency situation in the working face.

A device for evacuating miners in an emergency is known (RF Patent No. 221451202, publ. 20.10.2003), containing workings with cross-links and an air supply unit, auxiliary workings with ventilation devices connecting the air supply unit alternately with shafts, with jumpers installed in the cross-links with devices for the passage of miners, as well as sluice workings connected to the corresponding shafts and the beginning of the workings with crossovers, while the workings with crossovers are located near and parallel to the transport workings, and the air supply unit is located in the area of the air supply and air outflow shafts.

The disadvantage of this device is the need to drill additional workings, through which air is supplied to the mine workings, both in normal and emergency situations, as well as the construction of breakouts between the additional workings and the main workings. At the same time, a prerequisite should be the equipment of jumpers in the crossings with automatically opening doors, which provide the passage of miners without disturbing the ventilation mode. The presence of these structural elements leads to a decrease in the reliability of ventilation of the mine as a whole and an increase in the cost of the ventilation system.

Known device for evacuation of miners (USSR author's certificate No. 1695029, publ. 30.11.1991), including a flexible ventilation pipeline with a gate installed at its entrance, a local ventilation fan connected to the pipeline, a device for transporting a miner, made in the form of a vacuum-connected pump with a sealed bed filled with polystyrene granules and having a fairing with perforation, a device for transporting a miner, and a device for transporting a miner is installed on a removable bottom with roller supports.

The disadvantage of this device is the use for the evacuation of miners of a flexible ventilation pipeline, inside which there is a sealed bed with heat-insulating material in the form of polystyrene granules, and a fairing with perforation. The declared design requires the use of air ducts with diameters exceeding 1.2 m, as well as local ventilation fans of increased standard size, since otherwise there will be problems with the provision of the required amount of air transported inside the pipeline. In addition, the multistage operation to rescue a miner is associated with a significant time to bring the evacuation device into working order and the mandatory presence of mine rescuers, which, if a fire occurs in a dead-end mine face, can cause death of people.

A device for evacuating miners in an emergency is known (RF Patent No. 2651663, publ. 04/23/2018), including a vehicle located in a dead-end mine, which is made in the form of a rescue capsule with a diameter of 0.8-1.0 m and a length of 3 to 4 m, with the ability to move along a monorail made of heat-resistant steel, fixed on the wall of the dead-end mine at a height of 0.7-1.0 m from the base, while the rescue capsule is equipped with a sealing hatch, equipped with thermal insulation placed between the outer and inner walls of the rescue capsules, and an air regeneration system.

The disadvantage of this device is the need to place the capsule near the bottom of the mine, which leads to the constraint of space for the operation of mining equipment. When the capsule is placed at the mouth of an extended working with a length of 4-5 km, it causes a long time of its movement to the bottom, where an emergency situation is created, and increases the risk of death of miners. The size of the capsule limits the ability to evacuate more than two people at the same time. At the same time, the number of miners employed in driving workings using modern technology is 4-5 people. In addition, this device does not allow for ventilation of the dead-end tunnel during the period of its sinking.

There is a known device for ventilating a dead-end mine (USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 1620646, publ. 01/15/1991), including a pipeline, one end of which is connected to a blower, and the other is installed at the bottom of the face, an air outlet pipe with an air locking element connected to a pipeline, a discharge pipe , a valve made in the form of a lateral surface of a truncated cone, which can move inside the branch pipes along their axis.

The disadvantages of this device are the use of a pipeline with sections connected to each other by fans, inside which there is an impeller and a spinning wheel, as well as rigid pipes located on the suction side of the fans. The proposed constructive solution completely excludes the possibility of prompt reversal of the ventilation flow in the event of a fire in the working face and ensuring the evacuation of miners in the direction opposite to the supply of fresh air.

A device for ventilation of mine workings and evacuation of miners in an emergency is known (USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 1420188, publ. 08/30/1988), which includes a rigid pipeline located in a dead-end mine working with entrances for miners, connected to a ventilation unit and having vehicles, moreover, rigid the pipeline is equipped with branches, garage chambers and sluices, which are located on the branches of the rigid pipeline and are connected in series with the entrances for miners.

The disadvantages of this device are a high coefficient of air leakage for a rigid pipeline, which, with a significant length of dead-end workings and a large section of the pipeline that accommodates vehicles in it, will lead to the need to use ventilation equipment of increased power for normal ventilation; the complexity of air distribution control in the presence of branches in the pipeline, especially in the case of reversing the air stream in the event of an emergency.

Known device for ventilation of blind workings of great length (USSR author's certificate No. 1231233, publ. 05/15/1986), including a blower, controlled valves and a sealed air duct, the exit of which into the bottomhole part of the blind work is equipped with a conical nozzle with holes and valves with hinges.

The disadvantages of this device are the presence of a conical nozzle, on the side surface of which holes are made, and the connection of the nozzle with the end of the air duct located in the bottomhole space. The proposed structural elements make it possible to realize only air supply to the working face and make it difficult to switch to the suction mode, which is necessary for the safe evacuation of miners.

A device for ventilation of dead-end workings is known (USSR author's certificate No. 188439, publ. 11/01/1966), taken as a prototype, consisting of a flexible pipeline having sections connected to rigid pipes that are connected to fans and communicated with free sections of a flexible pipeline, moreover intermediate flexible pipes are equipped with parallel guide rods placed inside the pipes in the plane of their cross-section and made with a diameter equal to the diameter of the flexible pipeline, and having sealing rims located at the free end of the pipes, the inner diameter of which is less than the diameter of the flexible pipeline, with the free end of each the section of the flexible pipeline is equipped with a flexible end ring, is made with side holes and is installed inside the rigid intermediate pipe on the guide rods with the help of side holes, attached to the walls of the rigid intermediate pipe at two points located dia Metrically opposite and in a plane perpendicular to the guide rods.

The disadvantages of the device are the presence of a flexible end ring with side holes installed at the free end of each section of the flexible pipeline, connecting the end of each section of the flexible pipeline with the walls of the rigid intermediate pipe at two points, placing parallel guide rods inside the pipes in the plane of their cross-section. The aforementioned structural elements characterizing this technical solution do not allow for an operational change in the direction of movement of the air flow in the through-ventilation section of a dead-end mine when the position of its face changes relative to the mouth, which complicates the safe evacuation of miners from the fire zone.

The technical result is the creation of a device that makes it possible to provide operational and emergency ventilation modes, guaranteeing the safety of miners during the period of excavation and in the event of an emergency.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a rigid pipe is installed between the upper surface of the metal frame and strips fixed along its perimeter, the metal frame is fixed on a movable base, which is equipped with wheels, a fan is installed on top of the horizontal platform on vibration supports, a hole is made in the horizontal platform, which is located above the rigid branch pipe, and connected to it by a ventilation duct, at one end of the rigid branch pipe from the bottomhole side, a ventilation flap is installed, and a gate is mounted in the ventilation duct, the joints of the rigid branch pipe with sections of the flexible pipeline are made in the form of a truncated cone, along the perimeter of the base of which is equal to the diameter a rigid branch pipe, a recess is made in which a clamping clamp is fixed with the possibility of removal, at the beginning of the flexible ventilation pipeline at the mouth of the dead-end tunnel, a wellhead fan with a ventilation flap is installed, in front of which to the flexible pipes a flexible ventilation branch is connected to the pipeline, in which the gate is mounted.

The device for operational and emergency ventilation of an extended dead-end mining is illustrated by the following figures:

fig. 1 is a general view of the device for operational and emergency ventilation;

fig. 2 - side view of the device for operational and emergency ventilation;

fig. 3 - design of a clamp for attaching a flexible air duct to a metal branch pipe, where:

1 - dead-end development;

2 - face;

3 - mouth;

4 - fire center;

5 - fire gases;

6 - incoming stream;

7 - outgoing jet;

8 - a section of a flexible pipeline;

9 - rigid pipe;

10 - fan;

11 - metal frame;

12 - movable base;

13 - wheels;

14 - vibration supports;

15 - horizontal platform;

16 - hole in the horizontal platform;

17 - ventilation duct;

18 - ventilation flap;

19 - gate;

20 - places of connection of a metal branch pipe with a flexible pipeline;

21 - groove;

22 - clamping collar;

23 - screw;

24 - wellhead fan;

25 - ventilation flap on a flexible pipeline;

26 - flexible ventilation branch;

27 - ventilation gate on a flexible ventilation branch.

The device for operational and emergency ventilation of an extended dead-end mining includes a movable base 12 (Fig. 1, 2), equipped with wheel wheels. A metal frame 11 is rigidly fixed to the movable base 12, in the upper part of which, along the perimeter, strips made of metal, for example, are rigidly fixed. Rigid branch pipe 9, can be made of metal, is installed between the upper surface of the metal frame 11 and strips fixed along its perimeter. The ends of the rigid branch pipe 9 are connected to the sections of the flexible pipeline 8, the junction points of the rigid branch pipe 9 with the flexible pipeline 20 are made in the form of a truncated cone, the base of which is equal to the diameter of the rigid branch pipe 9. At the junction of the rigid branch pipe 9 with the flexible pipeline 20, a groove 21 is made for fastening the clamping collar 22. The removable fixation of the clamping collar 22 in the groove 21 is carried out, for example, by means of the screw 23 (Fig. 3). At the exit from the rigid branch pipe 9 from the side of the face 2 of the dead-end working 1, a ventilation damper is mounted, and a gate 19 is installed on the ventilation duct 17.

Above, on the horizontal platform 15 on vibration supports 14, a fan 10 is installed. In the horizontal platform 15, a hole is made into which a branch pipe with a rigid branch pipe 9 is installed with a ventilation duct 16.

The wellhead fan 24 is mounted on a support at the mouth of the dead-end mine 1. The section of the flexible pipeline 8 is connected to the wellhead fan 24. The flexible ventilation branch 26 departs from the section of the flexible pipeline 8, the ventilation gate 27 is mounted on it with the possibility of closing.

The device operates in the following way operational ventilation of the dead-end working 1 is carried out by the injection method using a wellhead fan 24 located at the mouth of the working, supplying air to the flexible air duct 8. Fresh air enters through it into the bottom of the dead-end working 1. In the operational ventilation mode, ventilation dampers 18 and ventilation the damper on the flexible pipeline 25 is brought to the "open" state, the gate 19 and the ventilation gate 27 to the "open" position.

When a fire source 4 occurs in the face of a mine, fire gases 5 begin to spread towards the mouth of the mine. The evacuation of miners is carried out in the same direction. With a significant length of a dead-end development exceeding 4 to 5 km, the duration of the movement of miners may exceed the estimated duration of the self-rescuers, which, upon reaching the smoke cloud of the evacuated miners, will lead to the death of people. To ensure safe evacuation, it is necessary to organize the movement of miners to a fresh air stream, that is, to reverse the ventilation stream. This is ensured by installing a metal frame 11 with a rigid pipe 9 and a fan 10 mounted on it. The metal frame moves to the face 2 as the dead-end road 1 is driven and the length of the road increases. The installation location of the metal frame 11 is selected from the condition of cooling fire gases 5 to a temperature that will not affect the performance of the fan 10. Calculations show that this distance will not exceed 300 to 400 m. be from 300 to 400 m.

To reverse the ventilation stream, the fan 10 is turned on, which bypasses air from the dead-end tunnel 1, through the ventilation duct 17 and the hole in the horizontal platform 15 into the rigid branch pipe 9, and then into the section of the flexible pipeline 8 adjacent to the mouth 3 of the dead-end tunnel 1. In this case, the gate 19, installed in the ventilation duct 17, is brought to the "open" position, and the ventilation flap 18 to the "closed" position. The result of this is the supply of fresh air 6 to the dead-end tunnel 1 from the wellhead side, and the removal of the outgoing jet 7 to the surface along the rigid pipe 8, the section of the flexible air duct 8 adjacent to the mouth 3 of the working, and the flexible ventilation branch 26. For this, the ventilation gate 27 installed in the ventilation duct 17 is brought to the "open" position, and the ventilation flap on the flexible pipeline 25 in front of the wellhead fan 24 is brought to the "closed" position.

Thus, the use of the proposed device will improve the safety of miners when driving long dead-end mine workings in the event of emergencies while simultaneously creating conditions for the implementation of operating modes of ventilation.

Claims (1)

A device for operational and emergency ventilation of an extended dead-end mine, including a flexible pipeline, the sections of which are connected to a rigid branch pipe, which is connected to the fan, characterized in that the rigid branch pipe is installed between the upper surface of the metal frame and strips fixed along its perimeter, the metal frame is fixed on a movable base, which is equipped with wheels, a fan is installed on top of a horizontal platform on vibration supports, a hole is made in the horizontal platform, which is located above the rigid pipe and is connected to it by a ventilation duct, a ventilation damper is installed at one end of the rigid pipe on the face side, and in a gate is mounted in the ventilation channel, the joints of the rigid pipe with sections of the flexible pipeline are made in the form of a truncated cone, along the perimeter of the base, which is equal to the diameter of the rigid pipe, a recess is made in which it is fixed with the possibility removing the clamping yoke, at the beginning of the flexible ventilation pipeline at the mouth of the dead-end tunnel, a wellhead fan with a ventilation flap is installed, in front of which a flexible ventilation branch is connected to the flexible pipeline, in which the gate is mounted.

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