RU2754932C1 - Long-wheelbase flat railway wagon for transportation of large-capacity containers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railways.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to wagon building. A long-wheelbase flat railway wagon (2) for transportation of large-capacity containers includes a frame, bogies, automatic coupling apparatuses and braking equipment with a separate drive for each bogie and a common air distributor with a spare tank. An additional bogie is installed in the middle part of the platform, the thrust bearing whereof is linked with the centre plate of the frame bolster installed instead of an intermediate cross beam using an adapter pivot. The adapter pivot allows displacement of the middle part of the frame relative to the bogie in the curves of the railway track of no less than the lateral shift of the initial dimension thereof.

EFFECT: invention increases the load capacity and the load per unit length of a long-wheelbase flat wagon by increasing the amount of wheel pairs and ensures free passage of the wagon along the curves of the railroad track.

1 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The trend in the development of the rolling stock of railway transport is due to the need to improve efficiency and reduce the cost of cargo transportation. A promising direction for the types of rolling stock are wagons with the highest carrying capacity and cargo capacity, including long-base cars. One of the obvious drawbacks of these cars, which hinder their use, is the reduced linear load, increased frame deflection when transporting heavy cargo, especially at platforms.

The proposed invention relates to the field of car building and can be used to create or modify long-base platforms with increased carrying capacity and increased linear load.

Known designs of cargo platforms of increased length have significant disadvantages:

- limitation on the speed of movement, since when the critical value of the speed is exceeded, self-oscillations appear, which lead to an increased impact on the track and the emergence of a danger of derailment;

- a disproportionate increase in the mass of the frame and, accordingly, the tare ratio of the car;

- low linear load.

Known design fitting - platform for heavy containers, model 13-7024 [1, p. 379], which consists of a frame, fixing stops for fastening containers, automatic brake, parking brake, automatic couplers, running gear, consisting of two 2-axle carts. With a carriage base of 18500 mm, linear load is 36.0 kN / m. The increased carrying capacity was achieved by using steel with an increased strength class in the main elements of the car's supporting structure. The disadvantage of the model is the inability to simultaneously transport four 20-foot containers loaded up to a maximum gross weight of 24 tons. This limitation is due to the maximum permissible load from the wheelset on the rail.

The solution to the problem may be to increase the number of axles.

The known design of the platform model 13-3066 [1, p. 359], originally intended for transportation of rails with a length of 25 m without fastening and linking rails, containing 4-axle bogies, an elongated welded frame, automatic couplers and brake equipment. 4-axle bogies, each composed of two 2-axle bogies, united by a connecting beam. Above, in the middle part of the connecting beam, there is a thrust bearing with an increased diameter (450 mm), on which the center plate of the body frame rests, and side bars that take the load under the action of lateral forces. At the bottom at the ends, the connecting beam has center plates and side beams, with which it rests on the bolster beams of the biaxial bogies. The platform frame consists of a center beam, two side beams, two end beams, two pivot beams, cross beams, and braces at the corners of the frame.

A significant disadvantage of the known platform is the reduced reliability of the junction of the car frame with bogies by means of a connecting beam, on which cracks appear in the end zone during operation [3, p. 258], as well as the overall complexity of the structural solution of the unit.

Known articulated platform wagon for transportation of large-tonnage containers, (model 13-9851 [1, p. 399], US 5207161, B61F 5/14, 05/04/1993; US 5564341, B61F 3/12, 15.10.1996; RU 2457968 C2, B61D 3/20,) where the common frame of the articulated car contains separate sections, connected by a hinge unit, and is installed on two outer and one middle bogies. Each section contains side beams, center beams, front beams and pivot beams. The center beam is equipped with an automatic coupler and is connected to the side beams by braces.

This constructive solution significantly reduces the beams' deflection and shifts the characteristics of the self-oscillating process, in addition, the addition of a third bogie increases the number of platform axles, which increases the carrying capacity and linear load. The disadvantage of the known technical solution is the complexity of the design of the junction of the two half-frames, which has a low level of reliability with increased labor intensity of its manufacture, diagnostics and repair. The braking process and some other performance characteristics are complicated.

The design of a platform for large-tonnage containers of model 13-470 [1, p. 326], containing undercarriages, an elongated frame of a welded structure with fitting stops for containers (fixed single at the corners and folding double in the middle part of the frame), automatic couplers and a brake bogie has been investigated. equipment. The platform frame consists of a box-section center beam, two side I-beams with an increase in height in the middle part, two channel-section end beams, two box-section pivot beams, box and I-section cross beams, as well as braces at the frame corners [2 p. 190]. With a wagon base of 14720 mm, the linear load is 4.18 tf / m.

However, a significant drawback of the known platform for large-tonnage containers is the insufficient strength and rigidity of the frame, and significant deflections of the longitudinal beams of the platform, as well as the tendency to develop a self-oscillating process when the critical value of the speed of movement or load capacity is reached. This can lead to increased dynamic impact on the superstructure of the track, there is a risk of derailment on curves of a small radius.

This composition is the closest technical solution to the problem and in this regard, it is proposed as a prototype.

The objective of the proposed improvement is to increase the carrying capacity and linear load of the flat car for heavy containers, and to reduce the tare ratio at the standard level of tolerances and restrictions.

The basis of the invention is the problem of a constructive solution of a platform car that is more economical in manufacturing and in operating conditions.

The problem is solved by the fact that according to the invention in a flat car, mainly for containers, containing chassis with a frame installed on them, on which automatic couplers are located, brake equipment with a separate drive for each bogie and stops for securing containers made of longitudinal , transverse and end beams, the presented compositional proposal includes the re-assembly (for example, connection by means of a king pin - adapter) of additional intermediate bogies in the middle part of the carriage frame in order to increase the number of wheel pairs of the platform car under load.

The technical result consists in increasing the carrying capacity of the platform, its linear load and decreasing the tare ratio by increasing the number of wheelsets taking the load.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that a long-base railway platform car for the transportation of large-tonnage containers, including a frame, bogies, automatic couplers and braking equipment with a separate drive for each bogie and a common air distributor with a spare tank; supplemented by the fact that in the middle part of the platform, instead of the intermediate transverse beam, a pivot beam of the frame is installed to interface with the bogie with an adapter pivot, which functionally allows the middle part of the frame to be displaced relative to the bogie in the curves of the railway track by an amount not less than its lateral offset of the original dimension.

The essence of the invention is explained in more detail with drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a long-base platform for large-tonnage containers 13-470,

FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a long-base platform for large-tonnage containers with an additional intermediate trolley installed in the middle part;

FIG. 3 shows the layout of the platform car with the base C on the curve of the radius R of the curves of the public railway track;

FIG. 4 shows: a sketch version of a possible design of the part for connecting the bogie with the frame (kingpin - adapter).

Figure 2 shows a variant of replacing the intermediate transverse beam of the platform car frame (2) with a pivot beam (1) for the purpose of subsequent rolling of the bogie and coupling by means of an adapter pivot, which allows, when passing curves, to displace the longitudinal axis of the frame by at least h.

Figure 3 reflects the geometric meaning of determining the offset of the central part of the car when passing the curves. Here in the figure: L - the length of the arc of the segment; С - chord (carriage base); R is the radius; a - segment angle; h is the height of the carriage center extension);

To the offset value h according to the RD “Methodological guidelines for the application of static and kinematic dimensions of rolling stock on OSJD member railways with gauge 1435 and 1520 mm. / R 500/4 "[4], the wear of the assemblies and parts involved in the process is added and, thus, the displacement h is within the standard size of the flat car. For reference, we provide a table of calculated parameters,

The calculated value of the center of the car on the curve

where, for example, for the accepted prototype with a base of 14720 mm (15 m) for the radius of the curve, for example, R = 300 m, the carriage center offset is 0.09 m (90 mm). With a radius of R = 650 m, the carriage center offset is 0.04 m (40 mm).

Figure 4 shows a sketch of one of the possible variants of the king pin, which compensates for the displacement of the axis of the car frame by the amount of removal without lateral impact through the king pin on the bogie. In this case, the area of the sidewalls of the interface unit increases by an amount that correlates with the offset value - h.

Thus, the proposed invention can be recommended for use when it is necessary to increase the carrying capacity and running load of a long-base flat car, where the problem is solved by increasing the number of wheelsets, which is provided by installing an additional intermediate bogie, mated to the body with an adapter pivot, which makes the free passage of the car of curves railway track within the declared gauge ..

The effectiveness of this composition is also complemented by a decrease in the tare ratio of the car.

List of literature

1. Album-reference book 002I-2009 PKB TsB "Freight cars of 1520 mm gauge railways", published by PKB TsV JSC "Russian Railways", 2009, pp. 359, 367, 379, 399.

2. Pastukhov I.F., Lukin V.V., Zhukov N.I. Wagons. - M .: "Transport", 1988, p. 190.

3. Technology of production and repair of cars: Textbook for higher educational institutions of the railway. transport / K.V. Motovilov, V.S. Lukashuk, V.F. Krivorudchenko, A.A. Petrov; Ed. K.V. Motovilov. - M .: Route, 2003., p. 258.

4. Guidelines for the application of static and kinematic dimensions of rolling stock on the OSJD member railways with gauge 1435 and 1520 mm. / R 500/4. - Approved by the meeting of the OSJD Commission on Infrastructure and Rolling Stock on October 18-21, 2016. Effective date: October 21, 2016 - 86 p.

Claims (1)

A long-base railway platform car for the transportation of large-tonnage containers, including a frame, bogies, automatic couplers and braking equipment with a separate drive for each bogie and a common air distributor with a spare tank, characterized in that an additional bogie is installed in the middle part of the platform, where its thrust bearing is mated with the centerpiece of the frame pivot beam, installed instead of the intermediate cross beam, with an adapter pivot, which allows displacement of the middle part of the frame relative to the bogie in the curves of the railway track, no less than its lateral offset of the original dimension.

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